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]l]l Z H VS {l Gl E]l, l ]l>Y {f ]l$l (Net Factor Income from Abroad)
B$ ]l]l$ A^l ll$MS$, BMS ]l]l Z ]l^la z MS l M>MS B$ (NFIA) = ]l$]l El
H
>lMS ]l*$$ ^ll$MS$.. g*$ A^l M>M>$ Cl l>MS$ A_]l ]lMS$ {V>
$ E*VSyl. l> ]l$_ ]l B$ & l M>M>$ E*
JMS lZ ]ll M>Z El ^l ]l A]l$ ]l $ W^l$MS$]ll$MS$ ]l$]l ^l^l B$ (Receipts -
Paym ents)
*$.
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]l]l$, s ]l*Ps l VS$ ]l^la $l B l g
z
z
g$ = l$ + MS l M>MS B$ (NFIA)
l$ = g$ & MS l M>MS B$ (NFIA)
l$ Al MS$_l ]l]l, g$ Al > ]l]l
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]l*Z El ^l MS MS B$
g*$ A ]l* _^yl$. 3. ]l$]l*{l#, ]l (Nominal vs. Real)
{ $l Hy l Z g$ B* MSP ]l$
g**MS _]l ]lQ A>$ ]l*{l {l]l B$ As$. l Z g*
A
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]lMS {l]l, V>r$ ]l$, VS ]l]l$ $]l
$$^.
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]l$ 2. l ]l $l] # A]l$MS > ]l^la B* $MMS*
B-$
yll$.
JMS VS Cl V> ]l$_ M]l ]l $l] #]l$ $]l$$ 1. {$l ^l #O , $, yl$ M]l$V$O,
^. *l*lMS , l MS M>MS B* MS, ]ll$ ]ll ElO , ]l$l l ]l $l] #O ^l ]l
l$VS$l l MS g*l ]l $. ]l*Ps l Z ]l*]l$ MS MSP^l>l$.
E]l NNPMS S ]l$$ l , yl$ MSl El
M>M> lt MS g*$ ]l $. llZ A]l^l ll$$
]l$]l lZ $ l>$ MS]lyl ]l H JMSP
El ]l$# lZ $M]l g{VSl$ l E*W_ N~ V> g** MSP
1. JMS ]l $l] #]l$ yl$$ MSP^l>l$ ^l. Al$]l ]l$]llZ l V>Z l l l $$
2. l Zl g*l VS^ A]l $$. "${]l$ l ' As$.
3. l ]l $l] #]l$ MS>l$
4. $ *V> MS
g*$ MSP#Z ]l$$
5. ]l$l l ]l $l] #]l$ MS>l$
1. ]l$]llZ VS$$ ^l ]lMS$ $]l MSP^lyl MS t .
AVS {$l A^l ]l ]l lZ Gll$MS$
B$ ]l$# l El W A^l l$.
D l g** lMP ]l$_ l$
2. ]l$]l lZ {lll VS Eylyl ]l l$$l El yl) El, B$, ]l$ ]l$# l
MSP^l. 7. ll g*$Z Al s MSW?
3. _]l El$$ - l $- {]ll VS$^lMS, s (JL2007)
^lMS]lyl ]l O ]l ]l*^ C]lMSl$ G) ]l VS ) ]l]l$
$. ) {>$MS VS yl) VS
4. ]l {lMSMS MS]lyl, JMS]lMS JMSs MSs GMS$P]l 8. g*$ MSP#Z MSsZ l $]l$$
]ll$Z ^l$yl ]l Al]l$ H JMS ]lZ ^?
^l B*l VS M>-MS$ A$yl$. ]l G) $ {V>r$ ) { ]l ]l${ il
Ey]l B $ MSs lMS$P]l B$ MS $. ) ]lM S $$ _]l $
5. l $$ B$ ]l$ ]l$_ l ^l$M]lyMS yl) Cs rZ yl_]l MS*V>$$
l yl$ MSP$ ^l* $. 9. g** MSP^lylZ ls $]l$$^?
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6. ^lrt ]lMSO l $]l {l]l - l Z GMS$P]l. g* (JL 2007)
$Z MSP^lyl MS t . G) {l lO ^l Q$a
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) VS$ ]l$
{MSt- {$... ) MS$$ l $
1. g*$ As? (ASO2008) yl) Hgr$ l MS$]l$
G) C + I + G (x + M) 10. g*$ A^lZ y. .MS.B.. >]l# E*
) C + I + G x M
) C + I G + x M yl) C + I + G + x M
2. g*$]l$s? (ASO2008)
S W_]l l ? (GAZ2006)
G) B$ l-
) VS$^l$ l-
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yl) B$ El l l $$
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G) El A$$]l *VS ]l $l] # $]l 11. MSsZ l * g*lZ ^la$?({VS*
) El A$$]l ]ll ]l ]l $l] # $]l 2&2003)
) El A$$]l ]l$l l ]l $l] # $]l G) l> ]l$_ MS B$
yl) A El M>M>M_a]l B$ ) ^l #$
A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
) yl$, Vl $]l$]l$ VS]lZMS $MS$]lyl$ f$$ D D A C A D A A B D B
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l$#l $. GK (MS{l VSM> ) 2009 A^l $$_.
{M> l$ * El (iyl ) {s$l yM S $ (*.
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z BMSV> Gr$]ls Jylyl$MS$$ ]ll> Bl
49,61,449 MrMS $) ^l. g$ B$Z ]l ]llV> GMS ^l$.
_]l {]lQ l> ]l l MS*y ^l.
Bl ]ll (Base year) l $, { $l l $
g*$ A^l$ S (current prices) {M> g$ B$ A^l]l$
l{MS ]ll$: l $. Cs]lMS$ A$$l$ l$V> l ]l ClMS ]l$
l{MS N $]l#$ {]lQ$$ g*$ A {MSs^$. 1960 & 61, 1970 & 71, 1980 & 81, 1993 & 94,
^l l>$. sZ { ]lO l $]l.. $$ i (1868), 1999&2000Z {MSs^$. BMS V> Gs Jylyl$
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$ VS O (1899), yl {> (1911, 1922, 1931), , MS$$ Hy Bl ]llV> GMS
MS (shaw & Khambatta): 1921, MSB >l (1925 ^l $. BMS ]l]l Z ]l $l] >lMS ]l*$ BV>
]l$_ 1931), B l>$ (1931 &40). A$$l D A^lZ { AlM S $ Bl ]ll> ]l*>a MS{l VS
]l]l$ Ell$$, Ml ]l]l$l Ell$ > M> C_a.
A
MS g$ B* MSP^l$. {s M>Z ^l ]l D
A^lZ Ml > $ lMSl Z_ll l]l E.
yMSt MSB >]l# Ell$ MSP$ (l B A]l#s #s ), l*yl {$
S
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6. s flayl?
i) g$ B$ A^l MS$s
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ii) MSB >]l# g$ B$ A^l$
iii) g$ B$ A^l MS$s l$$ls N $$
lMS
1. 1925 & 1931
2. 1949
3. 1951
G) i - 2, ii - 1, iii - 3
) i - 1, ii - 2, iii - 3
S
K
) i - 3, ii - 1, iii - 2
yl) i - 2, ii - 3, iii - 1
]l*$
A
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l$V> l$$M]lyMS $r$. g*$ MSP$ Mr$V>]l$ P$. g** >l {MS]l
El l ]l$l B$ H l V> A MSP^l yMS JMS A]l ]l$ _ "Central
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l$g. l$$l B$Z ll >l Gl? Statistical Organisation" (CSO) 1951Z
s Gl? l$#l $. lZ fVS r$tyl, ^$. As ]lMS* E]l g*$ A^l
l$#, *V>MS _]l ]l>$ MS$y V> 1954Z CSOMS AW^$. CSO
{MS$ l*$^l$yl Al . As l]l BMS $ g** { $l l Zl] *, B ]ll l Zl] *
MSj l , B. l, B.
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*^l$M]lyMS g*$ MSP$ ylyl$$.
MS-st, AsPl l, VS, ylyl, $ ylX, z
, MS.s., yl* gZ, t l ,
MSP$. 2005 & 2006 ]l$_ 1999&2000]l$ B
]llV> $MS$$. > VSMS ]l> MSZ JMS
HgMS, ]l$MS HgMS ly$$ s l l$MS$
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.$. l$$lO ]l$ g** A^l l>$. .VS >fl Al Sl]l JMS g$ VSMS MS$l
A$$l l* ]lMSV S lV> MSP ^lyl ]l, ~l {MS (NSC)]l$ $$^$.
$l M>]lyl ]l MSPZ > $l l$. M> y.
.MS.B.. >]l# g*$ A^l $ GMS$P]l > $l]l$ s: { $l g** CSO VS$.
A
I
]l*^, ]lM S s 26 >lO l E.
]l$]llZ {MS$ {_]l l>l BM>]l
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{{MS$Z VSV> >lMS ]l*$$ ^r$^l $MS$$$.
{l$MS VS s V> lWY. f V> $
VS ^l*. M> ]l$]llZ $ VSZ
]lQV> l* VSZ ]l l]l$V> VS$l$. lWYl]
S
{l$MS VS s]l$ $ VS M>MS$y l$
VS ^l>$. As ]l$]ll ]l]l$ VS BMS
]l]l ]l$_ {>$MSMS l ^lMS$yl l$l l
K
A]l VS lMS$ ^l. M>st {>$MSMS]l$
Zl ^l$yMS ^l$ $M. ]l]l$ V>
S ^l$MS$y ]l]l* {]l$]l$ ^.
{]l$$ ]l]l$ V>MS M>]l ElM>]l$ >
A
{MSt- {--$...
1. $]l MS*$/MSyl (Value Added) As?
({VS* 2&2005)
G) * El&ElZ yl]l ]l*l $MS ]l $l] #
]l$
) ]l*Ps l Z GlGl
) ]lt B$&_rt MS $
yl) ]l*P-s l - - Z h-G- l -
2. MSsZ H Q$a]l$ l$g $?
G) EVS$MS$ ^l^l M>$$ ^l #$
) sM S $ ^l^l $
) MS$ ^l^l yl$
llZ g*$ A^l$
_i- $ ]l r$ 3.4 >l l B$ ]l r$ 1.2 >lV>
--$- MS-t, Olg-VS Eyl. lMS$P]lV> E]l D ]l r$]l$ { >gMS~
l* ]l r$V> R^$. 1980&81 ]l$_ 2000&01
]l$l As _]l yl$ l>Z g*$ ]l r$ 5.6
>lV>, l B$ ]l r$ 3.2 >MS W. As
{$l, [Ols VS l$$ls ]lyl$ l>Z MS-s _]l- yl$ l- >-- Z ]l GMS$P-
BMS ]l]l l] $ {$l, [Ols V>$V> MS*y h^l]l^l$a. ]lV- > E.
l{l ]l_a]l s ]l$_ iyl Z {$l VS s
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$VS$l* 1993&94 sMS 25.9 >MS W. ]l*l]l BMS
PZ VSV> {$l r$tyl$$ E ^l$M
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]lyl ]l l]l$V> s lVS$Yl * 2005&06 sMS 23 ]l$]llZ AlMS ]l r$ ]ll*-O l - l] ]ll>$
>MS yl$$. {$l VSZ lyl$tl $s 1967&68 8.1%
s GMS$P]lV> E. iyl Z [Ols VS s 70 1975&76 9.0%
>l E. S 1988&89 10.5%
2003&04 8.5%
]l]lMSl, A]l]lMSl V>$ 2005&06 9.4%
MS{l VSMS (CSO) ^l]l {M> "HOl ^lrt 2006&07 9.6%
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MSl ht z A$$]l VS M>, { ]ll B& A 2007&08 8.7%
st l*$ ^l l] $ M> ]l]l M S l VSV> ]l]l
^l$a'. 1980&81Z MS l*lZ ]l]l M S l VS s ]l$]llZ AlMS ]l r$ 1988&89Z 10.5%
30 >lV> Eyl. C $VS$l* ]l_a 2004&05 sMS 42 ^$. y AMS ]l r$ 2006&07 Z ^$.
A
1 2 3 4
f$$ C B C A
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S
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A
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g*$&]l]l$
{. ^l. f>$ {$l ]l$:
yll, GMS ]ls, A]llN {f MS> AlMS A]l MS>$ MS^lyl, $
O l $]l ]l]l M S $ Q$a$ ^lyl, S, lMS]l O l $]l
]l$.. ]ls- {$l ]l$ - - - - Z-MS ]l.
g*$&^l$&]l]l$
"]ll M>Z "JMS lZ l V> ]l$_ El
MS l r$tyl:
^l ]l ]l $, ]l A]l$ {l]l $]l]l$ g- *-- $' A
l ]l$_ GVS$]l$, VS$]l$ A$ ]l $l] # $]l]l$
BMS ll $ _^$. D {l]l $]l]l$ El M>M>O ]l
g*$Z VS]lZMS $M. VS$]l$l$ $]l
{]l$, ]ll ]l, *$, ]l]l ]l ]l$_ ]l_a]l B*
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MSs l GVS$]l$l$$ AMSV> Es ]l$]l lZ ^l
MS ]l*]l]l$ MS*y BMS ll $ $. All V> D
]lM S $VS$-$ (Trade Surplus) $]l]l$ g*$Z
H
ll B$ lZ ]l $, ]lO st l] ll ]l*
MS. All V> ]l$]l VS$]l$l$ $]l GMS$P]lV> Eyl,
MS ]l*]lV> VS $.
l>MS$ ]l$]l ^l^]l ]lM S # Zr$(Trade Deficit)]l$
l g*$ = g*l = g$ ]l$V>
g*$ ]l$_ $]l^.
Ps$.
O ]l P]l g*$ A>]l$ MS *{l > ]l-
Product), g$
S
g** l$ * El (Gross Domestic
* El (Gross National
Product), MS l$ El (Net National Product) Al
]l]l- MSP$.
^l-]l-^l$a.
Y = C + I + G + (XM) + (RP)
Y = g*$;
K
C = g$ *VS;
l$ * El (iyl- ) As JMS lZ H- y- - I = g$ * l$ r$tyl
M>Z B l oVMS l$ Z l*O ]l ]l $, ]l G = {$l Q$a *VS
A]l$ $]l. l> ]l$_ ]l^la B* $]l Cl$Z X= l>MS ]l^la l ^l #$ (GVS$]l$l$$)
MS- - $. * g*l Z (-iG- - l - ) l> ]l$_ ]l^la
A
I
l B$ ]l $. G) g*l
l B$ = MS g*$ f ) g$ ]l$
H
MS{l VSM> A^l {M> 2007&08Z g ) El M>M>MS$ ^l B$
*$ 9.1 >l MS ]l _ *. 27,60,325 yl) O ]l
MrMS $ (MSyl l Z) ^l$M. 2006&07Z l 4. iyl (l * El)MS _ -O-]l *{l?
B$ (*. 22553) 7.5 >l ]l ^l G) iyl + l MS B*$
S
2007&08Z *. 24,256MS$ ^l$M. Cs]l { $l l
A^l {M> l l B$ *. 33,000 O V>
^l$M.
) iGl + iyl
) iGl & l MS B*$
yl) O l M>]l#
K
5. MS g*l (Net National Product) As?
g*$Z ]l & ]l*$: G) ll lZ l*O ]l ]l $, ]l $]l
ll {M>lO l $]l A]l {{MS$]l$ 1951Z )Ell$ $]l ]l$_ ]ll ]l l$VS$l]l$ $]l
{_]l s ]l$_ ls ]lMS$ Al$]l l>$ ^lV> $W]l $]l
A
I
]l^la ]l*$$
) l VS Ell$$
H
) G, yl) H M>l$
14.g**- MSP^lylZ E]l $l$$?
G) A ]l $l] #]l$ {l]l*Z MSP^l
) l l>Z l $ JMS MSV> Eyl]l#
Eyl]l#
yl) O ]l
S
) g*$ MSP$ yl$ l> ]l$l JMS l V>
K
15.{^lZ iyl AlMSV> E]l l>Z l ]l?
G) 12 ) 10 ) 7l yl) 5
A
]l*$:
1) 2) yl 3) yl 4) 5)
6) yl 7) yl 8) G 9) 10)
11) G 12) 13) G 14) yl 15) G
S