WHAT DOES STI MEAN?

Infections that are most

commonly passed through
sexual contact:
Oral
Vaginal
Anal
Skin-to-skin
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED
INFECTION (STI)

Most STI have no symptoms

A person can have an STI and not know
it!

Why would having no symptoms

increase the risk of getting an STI?
 HOW CAN SOMEONE GET
AN STI?
Vaginal intercourse (the entering of the penis in the vagina)

Anal sex (the entering of the penis, finger or sex toy in the anus)

Oral sex (mouth on genitals)

Transmission from mother to baby in childbirth

Skin to Skin contact (touching of private parts)

Sharing items such as toothbrush, sharps;blades,tattoos,piercings etc

Bodily fluids (Blood, semen, vaginal fluid, breast milk)

 SYMPTOMS OF AN STI CAN
INCLUDE
Female Male
Increased vaginal discharge Burning or itching around tip of penis
Vaginal itching Frequent Peeing
Burning or pain when peeing Testicular pain
Pain during sexual intercourse Burning pain when peeing

Bleeding between menstrual periods penile Lumps ,bumps or sores

WHAT IS THE ONLY 100 %
EFFECTIVE WAY OF
PREVENTING STIs AND
PREGNANCY?
 WHAT DOES ABSTINENCE
MEAN?

Abstinence means not to do something

Sexual abstinence means to abstain from different levels of sexual activity
Possible definitions of sexual abstinence between two people could be:
Avoiding vaginal intercourse
Avoiding vaginal, oral and anal intercourse
Avoiding genital contact
WHAT ARE THE 3
TYPES OF STIs?
BACTERIAL

PARASITIC

VIRAL
 CHLAMYDIA
What is chlamydia?
Sexually transmitted bacterial infection
Among the most common STIs in the world
How do you get chlamydia?
Passed along by having unprotected oral, anal or vaginal sex
How do you prevent chlamydia?
Condoms can help prevent the spread of chlamydia
Condoms and dental dams can be used for protection during
oral sex
 CHLAMYDIA
What are the symptoms of chlamydia?
Most people have no symptoms
Females are less likely to have symptoms then men
How is chlamydia tested?
Testing is done by either swabbing the infected area or with a urine
sample
How is chlamydia treated?
The infection can usually be cured with a single dose of antibiotics
Remember chlamydia is CURABLE!
CHLAMYDIA
 GONORRHEA
What is gonorrhea?
Sexually transmitted bacterial infection
How do you get gonorrhea?
Passed along by having unprotected oral, anal or vaginal sex
Can spread from an infected mother to her baby during child birth
How do you prevent gonorrhea?
Condoms can help prevent the spread of gonorrhea
Condoms and dental dams can be used for protection during oral sex
 GONORRHEA
What are the symptoms of gonorrhea?
Both females and males may have no symptoms
Remember, infected people who have no symptoms can still pass along the
infection
How is gonorrhea tested?
Testing is done by either swabbing the infected area or with a urine sample
How is gonorrhea treated?
The infection can usually be cured with a single dose of antibiotics

Remember gonorrhea is CURABLE!

GONORRHEA
 SYPHILIS
What is syphilis?
Sexually transmitted bacterial infection
Very rare STI
Can cause serious damage to the body if not cured, even death
How do you get syphilis?
Passed along by having unprotected oral, anal or vaginal sex
Can spread from an infected mother to her unborn child
How do you prevent syphilis?
Condoms can help prevent the spread of syphilis
Condoms and dental dams can be used for protection during oral sex
 SYPHILIS
What are the symptoms of syphilis?
Syphilis produces a wide range of symptoms that are often confused with other
illnesses
Some people have no symptoms at all
How is syphilis tested?
Testing is done by either swabbing the infected area or with a blood test
How is syphilis treated?
The infection can usually be cured with a single dose of antibiotics
A person can get the infection again, so their partners should also be tested

Remember syphilis is CURABLE!

SYPHILIS
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED
STIs:
PARASITIC (CURABLE)

Pubic lice

Scabies

Trichomoniasis
 SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED
STIs:
PARASITIC (CURABLE)

Caused by tiny wingless insects known as

crabs.
The lice attach their eggs to the pubic hair
and feed on human blood
Trichomoniasis
Caused by a parasite that is usually
sexually transmitted, but it can
survive 24 hours on wet towels and
bathing suits
 scabies

Caused by the itch mite. It burrows just under

the skin and lays eggs. The scabies mite can
live for 2-4 days away from the human body;
therefore it can be transmitted without sexual contact
 SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF A
PARASITIC STI

Intense itchiness
Reddish rash
Pain during sex or peeing
Vaginal discharge

HOW ARE PARASITIC STIs TREATED?

Shampoo
Lotion
Ointment
Antibiotic
 SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF A
PARASITIC STI
Intense itchiness
Reddish rash
Pain during sex or peeing
Vaginal discharge

HOW ARE PARASITIC STIs TREATED?

Shampoo
Lotion
Ointment
Antibiotic
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED
STIs:
VIRAL (TREATABLE

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)

Herpes

Hepatitis

HIV / AIDS
 HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS
(HPV)
Very contagious virus
Some people never get symptoms
HPV is spread through skin to skin contact , oral, anal and vaginal sex with an
infected partner
HPV can cause cancer of the cervix in women
HOW IS HPV TREATED?
Treatments remove the warts but do not remove the virus from the blood
Most warts will clear over time
There is no cure for HPV
There is a vaccine available for young females
HUMAN PAPILLOMA VIRUS
(HPV)
 GENITAL HERPES

Caused by the Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

Spread through skin to skin contact and oral, anal and vaginal
intercourse
Some people with herpes never develop sores, but are still contagious
and may spread it to others without knowing
People who have an initial outbreak can have more outbreaks
throughout the rest of their life
Remember herpes is not CURABLE it is
TREATABLE!
GENITAL HERPES
 hepatitis

Hepatitis is a virus that affects your liver

It can cause permanent liver disease and cancer of the liver
Hepatitis A & B can be prevented by a vaccine
Vaccine is available to students in grade 7
Remember hepatitis is not CURABLE!
 HOW CAN SOMEONE LOWER
THEIR CHANCES OF GETTING
HEPATITIS

Practice safer sex

Do not share instruments used in body-piercing, tattooing or hair removal
Do not share toothbrushes or razors
Get vaccinated
 HIV AND AIDS
HIV is the initial infection
AIDS is the advanced stage of the disease
Over a period of time, the virus attacks and damages the
bodys immune and nervous system

HOW IS HIV/AIDS SPREAD?

The virus is spread through body fluids
There is no cure for HIV infection
Once infected, you have HIV for life.
 STI TESTING
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea
Females: swabs of cervical secretions can be taken
Males: swabs of urethral secretions can be taken or urine can be tested
Trichomoniasis
Diagnosed by taking a sample of vaginal discharge
The (dead) organism can sometimes be detected on a Pap smear.
Genital warts
Diagnosed by visual examination
Herpes
Usually diagnosed by sight, and by history
A swab of the lesion can be taken to confirm virus
Hepatitis B, C and HIV
Diagnosed by blood tests
WHAT DOES SAFER
SEX MEAN?
Communicating with your partner

Using protective barriers (condoms)

Getting STI testing

Using birth control

Getting vaccinated
WHERE CAN SOMEONE GO FOR
STI TESTING AND TREATMENT?

Primary care physician

Site clinic
Family planning/STI clinics
 THANKS FOR YOUR
ATTENTION

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