Sample no: 01

Name of the sample: Dupitila sandstone.

Time of sieving: 20min

Amount of sample: 100gm

Diameter in mm Weight retain in gm Weight percent in gm Cumulative weight

percent in gm.

0.50 3.51 3.51 3.51

0.25 39.20 39.20 42.71

0.125 29.13 29.13 71.84

0.063 13.16 13.16 85.00

PAN 14.99 14.99 99.99

Total = 100 gm
Sieve loss= (100 99.99) gm
= 0.01
Total coarse sand (wt %) = 36.99

Total coarse sand (wt %) = 1.00

Total fine sand (wt %) = 62.15

 Histogram of Dupitila Sandstone
45

40

35
Weight percent Retained
30

25

20

15

10

0
0.5 0.25 0.125 0.063 PAN
Grain Size in phi Scale

Figure 4.1: Histogram of Dupitila sandstone

Description of histogram:

By using grain size analytical data the histogram has been drawn. Here an ordinary arithmetic
graph paper is used. Histogram is drawn by taking weight percent retain in the vertical scale verses
grain size in mm in the horizontal scale. The histogram shows a bimodal grain size distribution having
modal class between 1.00 mm to 0.5 mm and 0.25mm to 0.125mm is called primary maxima and
secondary maxima respectively.
Bimodal distribution of grain size may result due to any of the following regions-
Abnormal variation in depositional energy.
Lack or abundance of certain grain size in the source materials.
Mixing of materials from two or more sources.
Different modes of deposition.
Improper sampling.
 Cumulative Weigth Percentage (gm)
120

100

80

60 Cumulative Weigth Percentage

(gm)

40

20

0
>.50 0.25 0.125 0.063 <.063

Figure 4.2: Cumulative curve of Dupitila sandstone

Cumulative curve:

By taking cumulative weight percent in vertical scale and grain size in mm in the horizontal
scale the cumulative curve has been drawn. The figure gives an S shaped curve from which quartile
and percentile have been determined in order to calculate the grain size parameter according to Trask
Method.

25 percentile (25p) or 1st quartile (Q1) = 0.72 mm.

50 percentile (50p) or 2nd quartile (Q2) = 0.177mm.
75 percentile (75p) or 3rd quartile (Q3) = 0.096875mm.
Median (Md) = 50p = 0.175mm.
Co-efficient of sorting, So = Q1/Q3 = 0.72/0.096875 = 2.68
Co-efficient of skewness, Sk = Q1Q3/Md2 = (0.7x 0.096875)/(0.177)2 = 2.21

From Trask Method,

 1. Median (Md) is 0.175 indicates that the velocity of the transporting media was weak which
could transport fine sand sized particles probably by saltation and suspension.
2. Sorting (So) is 2.68 indicates well sorted. It means that, depositional media get enough time to
well sorted.
3. Skewness (Sk) is 2.21 which means that the coarse admixture exceeds the finer admixture and
the distribution of the grains are termed as finely skewed.

Sample no: 02

Name of the sample: Surma Group.

Time of sieving: 20min

Amount of sample: 100gm

Diameter in Weight percent in Cumulative weight

mm Weight retain in gm gm percent in gm

0.50 5.51 5.51 5.51

0.25 37.20 37.20 42.71

0.125 37.13 27.13 69.84

0.063 13.15 13.15 82.99

PAN 16.99 16.99 99.98

Total = 100 gm
Sieve loss= (100 99.98) gm
= 0.02 gm.
Total coarse sand (wt %) = 80.38
Total medium sand (wt %) = 0.25
Total fine sand (wt %) = 18.745
 Histogram of Surma Sandstone
40

35

Weight Percent Retained 30

25

20

15

10

0
0.5 0.25 0.125 0.063 PAN
Grain Size in phi Scale

Figure 4.3: Histogram of Tipam sandstone

Description of histogram:

By using grain size analytical data the histogram has been drawn. Here an ordinary arithmetic
graph paper is used. Histogram is drawn by taking weight percent retain in the vertical scale verses
grain size in mm in the horizontal scale. The histogram shows a bimodal grain size distribution having
modal class between >1.00 mm and 0.125mm to 0.0625mm is called primary maxima and secondary
maxima respectively.
Bimodal distribution of grain size may result due to any of the following regions-

Abnormal variation in depositional energy.

Lack or abundance of certain grain size in the source materials.
Mixing of materials from two or more sources.
Different modes of deposition.
Improper sampling.
 Cumulative Weigth Percentage (gm)
120

100

80

60 Cumulative Weigth
Percentage (gm)

40

20

0
>.50 0.25 0.125 0.063 <.063

Figure 4.4: Cumulative curve of Tipam sandstone

Cumulative curve:

By taking cumulative weight percent in vertical scale and grain size in mm in the horizontal
scale the cumulative curve has been drawn. The figure gives an S shaped curve from which quartile
and percentile have been determined in order to calculate the grain size parameter according to Trask
Method.
25 percentile (25p) or 1st quartile (Q1) = 1.5mm
50 percentile (50p) or 2nd quartile (Q2) = 0.9mm.
75 percentile (75p) or 3rd quartile (Q3) = 0.68mm.
Median (Md) = 50p = 0.9mm.
Co-efficient of sorting, So = Q1/Q3= 1.5/0.68 = 2.206
Co-efficient of skewness, Sk = Q1Q3/Md2 = (1.5x 0.68)/ (0.9)2 = 1.259

From Trask Method,

1. Median is 0.9mm indicate that the velocity of transporting media was weak, which could
transport fine sand sized particles, probably by saltation and suspension.
2. Sorting is 2.206, which indicates well sorted. It means that depositional media get enough time
to well sorting.
3. Skewness is 1.259, where positive means coarse admixture and the distribution of grain are
termed as finely skewed.