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INDEX
KS2 Science
Contents
KS2 Science 3A: Teeth and eating ................................................................................................................... 3
KS2 Science 3B: Helping plants grow well ...................................................................................................... 8
KS2 Science 3C: Characteristics of materials ............................................................................................... 13
KS2 Science 3D: Rocks and soils ................................................................................................................... 18
KS2 Science 3E: Magnets and springs .......................................................................................................... 23
KS2 Science 3F: Light and shadows .............................................................................................................. 28
KS2 Science 4A: Moving and growing............................................................................................................ 33
KS2 Science 4B: Habitats................................................................................................................................. 38
KS2 Science 4C: Keeping warm ..................................................................................................................... 43
KS2 Science 4D: Solids, liquids and how they can be separated .............................................................. 48
KS2 Science 4E: Friction .................................................................................................................................. 53
KS2 Science 4F: Circuits and conductors ...................................................................................................... 58
KS2 Science 5A: Keeping healthy................................................................................................................... 63
KS2 Science 5B: Life cycles............................................................................................................................. 68
KS2 Science 5C: Gases around us ................................................................................................................. 73
KS2 Science 5D: Changing state .................................................................................................................... 78
KS2 Science 5E: Earth, Sun and Moon.......................................................................................................... 83
KS2 Science 5F: Changing sounds ................................................................................................................ 88
KS2 Science 6A: Interdependence and adaptation ...................................................................................... 93
KS2 Science 6B: Micro-organisms (short ) .................................................................................................... 98
KS2 Science 6C: More about dissolving ...................................................................................................... 103
KS2 Science 6D: Reversible and irreversible changes (short ) ................................................................ 108
KS2 Science 6E: Forces in action ................................................................................................................. 113
KS2 Science 6F: How we see things (short ) .............................................................................................. 118
KS2 Science 6G: Changing circuits (short ) ................................................................................................ 123
KS2 Science 3A: Teeth and eating
Exercise No: 1
Name: 1. Food glorious food
Exercise No: 2
Name: 2. Animals and food.
Exercise No: 3
Name: 3. Our teeth
Exercise No: 4
Name: 4. Looking after your teeth.
No.14: 14. Looking after your teeth. Question Type: Missing Part
Question The best way to slow down tooth decay is _______ and by using flouride toothpaste which can
help to repair the tooth.
Answers Correct Answer to avoid eating sugary foods except with main meals
Incorrect Answer 1 by constantly brushing your teeth
Incorrect Answer 2 to eat lots of sugary things
Incorrect Answer 3 by going to the dentist every week
Question What can you do to look after your teeth and make sure you eat a healthy diet?
Expert For my teeth I need to make sure that I clean them properly at least twice a day, visit the dentist
Teacher regularly and don't eat or drink a lot of sugary or acidic things, especially not fizzy drinks. For a
Answer healthy diet, I need to make sure I eat balanced meals, eating different kinds of food in the right
quantities. I need 6 - 11 servings of carbohydrates like bread cereal, rice and pasta each day. I
also need 5 servings of fruit or vegetables, 2 or 3 of meat or eggs or nuts and 2 or 3 of dairy
products like milk and cheese. I should be careful about how much fats, oils and sweets I have,
making sure I don't have much each day.
KS2 Science 3B: Helping plants grow
well
Exercise No: 1
Name: Plants for food
Exercise No: 2
Name: Parts of a plant
Exercise No: 3
Name: Plant needs
Exercise No: 4
Name: More about plants
Question What do plants need to grow well, and why is this important?
Expert To grow well, plants need healthy roots, leaves and stem. They need light and enough water, but
Teacher not too much. They need to be grown at the right temperature, and they need nutrients from the
Answer soil. It is important that they grow well, because plants provide food for humans and animals.
KS2 Science 3C: Characteristics of
materials
Exercise No: 1
Name: 1. Identification and Manufacture
Exercise No: 2
Name: 2. Investigating
Exercise No: 3
Name: 3. More on Properties & Uses
Exercise No: 4
Name: 4. Properties & Uses
No.15: 15. Using Results to Make Predictions. Question Type: Missing Part
Question An elastic band that is 5mm wide can stretch to 15 mm. An elastic band that is 8mm wide can
stretch to 12mm. An elastic band that is 6mm wide would stretch to _______ mm.
Answers Correct Answer 14
Incorrect Answer 1 10
Incorrect Answer 2 7
Incorrect Answer 3 16
Question What have you learned about the properties of metal, plastic, rubber and glass? Name one
or two things that each of them are used to make.
Expert Metal is usually hard, opaque, strong, waterproof and doesn't bend. It is used for making things
Teacher like saucepans, cutlery and car bodies. Plastic is usually hard, sometimes bends, is waterproof
Answer and strong. It can be used for making lots of things like bottles, packaging, toys and computers.
Rubber is soft, opaque, flexible, strong and waterproof and can be made into tyres, erasers,
shoes and bouncy balls. Glass is hard, brittle, waterproof, transparent and doesn't bend. It is used
for spectacles, mirrors and magnifiers.
KS2 Science 3D: Rocks and soils
Exercise No: 1
Name: Looking at Rocks.
Exercise No: 2
Name: Testing rocks.
Exercise No: 3
Name: How soils are made
Exercise No: 4
Name: Testing rocks and soil
Question Describe the properties of different rocks that you have studied and give examples of how
these properties can be useful to people.
Expert Some rocks such as chalk and sandstone are permeable and let water pass through them. Other
Teacher rocks like slate and marble are impermeable and do not let water pass through them. Slate also
Answer has the property that it can be split into thin sheets and this makes it a great material for using on
roofs. Rocks such as granite, sandstone and limestone are all used for building. Granite is very
hard and solid, but sandstone can have problems with weathering and limestone with acid rain.
Usually buildings are made with rocks that can be found locally.
KS2 Science 3E: Magnets and springs
Exercise No: 1
Name: Magnets
Exercise No: 2
Name: Magnet uses
No.8: What else can magnets be used for? Question Type: Missing Part
Question Magnets are used to make _______ Without these we would not have lights, telephones or
doorbells
Answers Correct Answer electric motors and generators.
Incorrect Answer 1 electric motors and lights.
Incorrect Answer 2 electric robots and generators.
Incorrect Answer 3 electric mixers and guitars.
KS2 Science 3E: Magnets and springs
Exercise No: 3
Name: Testing Magnets
Exercise No: 4
Name: Springs
No.14: What can springs be used for? Question Type: Missing Part
Question Springs are useful because they store _______ which can be used to make things happen
Answers Correct Answer energy
Incorrect Answer 1 sound
Incorrect Answer 2 light
Incorrect Answer 3 bounce
Exercise No: 2
Name: Shadows
Exercise No: 3
Name: The Sun
No.11: The Apparent Movement of the Sun Question Type: Statement Choice
Question During the day the Sun appears to move from East to West. Why is this?
Answers Correct Answer Because the Earth is spinning.
Incorrect Answer 1 Because the Sun is spinning.
Incorrect Answer 2 It doesn't, the Sun moves from West to East.
Incorrect Answer 3 Because the Sun knows that plants need sunlight on both sides.
No.12: Shadows Changing Over the Course of the Day Question Type: Ranking
Question Put these sentences in order to show how your shadow changes if you stood all day facing East
on a sunny day
Answers Correct Order C-B-A-D-E
Statement A Short and almost directly below me.
Statement B Quite long and behind me.
Statement C Very long and behind me.
Statement D Quite long and in front of me.
Statement E Very long and in front of me.
KS2 Science 3F: Light and shadows
Exercise No: 4
Name: Enquiry
Question Describe how shadows are formed and how they can change. Give examples referring to
the Sun.
Expert Shadows are formed when light is blocked. They have a similar shape to the object that is
Teacher blocking the light. Shadows get larger when the object is closer to the light source and smaller
Answer when the object is further from the light source. The Sun is the Earth's most important light
source. Objects block the light from the Sun and form shadows. These shadows change in size
and direction during the course of the day because the Earth turns. When the Sun is directly
overhead (mid-day) shadows are their shortest, in the early morning and evening, when the Sun
is low on the horizon, shadows are longer. The shadows change direction because the Sun
appears to to rise in the East and sets in the West.
KS2 Science 4A: Moving and growing
Exercise No: 1
Name: 1. Funny Bones
Exercise No: 2
Name: 2. Mighty Muscles
Exercise No: 3
Name: 3. Animal Skeletons
Exercise No: 4
Name: 4. Growth and Repair
Exercise No: 2
Name: Creature secrets
Exercise No: 3
Name: Feeding time
Exercise No: 4
Name: Let's sort!
Question Explain why all the plants and animals in a habitat need each other to survive.
Expert Plants and animals live in a certain habitat because it has all the things they need to survive -
Teacher food, warmth and shelter. There are many kinds of habitats because different plants and animals
Answer need different kinds of food and shelter. The plants and animals in the habitat make different food
chains, most of them starting with a green plant. If anything is removed from the chain, the chain
is broken and it is difficult for the habitat to survive. Put together, the plants and animals in a
habitat make a food web, each plant and animal depending on the other plants and animals to
survive.
KS2 Science 4C: Keeping warm
Exercise No: 1
Name: Temperature (2)
Exercise No: 2
Name: Thermometers
Exercise No: 3
Name: Thermal Insulators & Conductors
No.10: Warm Clothes for Cold Places. Question Type: Multiple Choice
Question Choose the TWO pieces of clothing that you would need in a COLD COUNTRY.
Answers Correct Answer A woolly hat.
Correct Answer An overcoat.
Incorrect Answer 1 A T-shirt.
Incorrect Answer 2 A bikini.
Incorrect Answer 3 Sandals.
Exercise No: 4
Name: Enquiry (2)
Question What is temperature, how do we measure it and why are thermal conductors and
insulators important in our lives?
Expert Temperature is a measure of how hot or cold something is. We can measure temperature
Teacher accurately using a thermometer. The units we use are degrees Celsius (C). Thermometers are
Answer used in many parts of our lives, for example, when we are ill we have our temperature taken
(normal body temperature is about 37 degrees C), and when we are baking we need to set the
oven to a high temperature (an internal thermometer controls this). Temperature can be controlled
by using thermal insulators. Thermal insulators do not allow heat to pass through them easily. For
example, a cool box will not allow heat to pass through its lining, and so keeps the food inside
cool. Another example is wall insulation, in our houses, which prevents the flow of heat out of the
house, thus keeping it warm inside.
KS2 Science 4D: Solids, liquids and
how they can be separated
Exercise No: 1
Name: 1. Changing Materials
Exercise No: 2
Name: 2. Investigating Materials
Exercise No: 3
Name: 3. Separating
Exercise No: 4
Name: 4. Sorting Materials
Question What is the difference between a solid and a liquid? How could you separate a mixture of
sand and marbles in water?
Expert A solid has a definite size and shape but a liquid only has a definite size. It takes the shape of a
Teacher container it is poured into. You could separate the mixture by first using a sieve. When you pour
Answer the mixture into the sieve the marbles will be trapped in the sieve but the sand and the water will
pass through the holes. Next you could use pour the remaining mixture through the kitchen towel,
or filter paper, the sand will be trapped but the water will pass through the tiny holes in the paper.
This is called filtering. If you do not have any kitchen towel or filter paper, you could evaporate the
water by heating it, and then quickly cool the steam (condense it), to collect the water. The sand
would be left in the pot.
KS2 Science 4E: Friction
Exercise No: 1
Name: Forces
Exercise No: 2
Name: Introducing Friction
Exercise No: 3
Name: Resistance
Exercise No: 4
Name: More friction investigations
Question Explain what friction is and how it can be measured. Describe the surfaces where there is
high friction and low friction. Then give four examples of advantages and disadvantages of
friction.
Expert Friction is a force that slows things down. It can be measured in Newtons, using a forcemeter.
Teacher There is high friction between two rough, dry surfaces. There is low friction between two smooth,
Answer wet surfaces. Advantages: 1) The treads under our trainers prevent us from slipping. 2) The brake
pads on a car press together to stop the car moving. Disadvantages: 1) Air resistance pushes
against an aeroplane and so reduces its speed. 2) Friction can also cause engines to wear out as
the parts move against one another.
KS2 Science 4F: Circuits and
conductors
Exercise No: 1
Name: Sources of electricity
Exercise No: 2
Name: Using and conducting electricity
Exercise No: 3
Name: Insulators and switches
Exercise No: 4
Name: Electrical power
Question What is the difference between an insulator of electricity and a conductor? How could you
use a battery, a bulb and wires to test if a paper clip is a conductor or an insulator?
Expert An insulator does not let electricity pass through it but a conductor does. You could test if a paper
Teacher clip is a conductor or an insulator by joining up the bulb to the battery using the wires but leaving
Answer a gap. You could then use the paper clip to bridge the gap in the circuit. If the bulb lights the
circuit is complete and the paper clip is a conductor, if the bulb does not light then the paper clip is
an insulator.
KS2 Science 5A: Keeping healthy
Exercise No: 1
Name: 1. Food Groups
Exercise No: 2
Name: 2. Staying Healthy
No.8: 8. Finding out about pulse rate Question Type: Missing Part
Question After exercise we find that pulse rate has increased because _______ to carry more blood to the
muscles.
Answers Correct Answer the heart pumps faster
Incorrect Answer 1 the heart pumps slower
Incorrect Answer 2 we breathe slower
Incorrect Answer 3 we breathe faster
KS2 Science 5A: Keeping healthy
Exercise No: 3
Name: 3. Heart, Lungs and Movement
No.10: 10. Blood Vessels and Circulation Question Type: Statement Choice
Question What is the name of the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart?
Answers Correct Answer Arteries.
Incorrect Answer 1 Veins.
Incorrect Answer 2 Ventricles.
Incorrect Answer 3 Atria.
No.12: 12. How the heart works Question Type: Missing Part
Question When I exercise my heart beats _______ and my pulse rate increases.
Answers Correct Answer faster
Incorrect Answer 1 at the same speed
Incorrect Answer 2 stop
Incorrect Answer 3 slower
KS2 Science 5A: Keeping healthy
Exercise No: 4
Name: 4. Drugs
Exercise No: 2
Name: Seed stories
Exercise No: 3
Name: Humans and other animals
Exercise No: 4
Name: Animals in danger
No.3: 3. Sorting Solids, Liquids and Gases. Question Type: Missing Part
Question Bath salts are a _______ even though you can pour them, as each particle still keeps its own
shape.
Answers Correct Answer solid,
Incorrect Answer 1 paste,
Incorrect Answer 2 liquid,
Incorrect Answer 3 gas,
Exercise No: 2
Name: 2. Aspects of Evaporation
Exercise No: 3
Name: 3. Gases and Air
Exercise No: 4
Name: 4. Different Gases and their Uses.
No.16: 16. The Invisible Fire Extinguisher. Question Type: Statement Choice
Question Which gas can be used to put out fires?
Answers Correct Answer Carbon dioxide.
Incorrect Answer 1 Hydrogen.
Incorrect Answer 2 Nitrogen.
Incorrect Answer 3 Oxygen.
KS2 Science 5C: Gases around us
Exercise No: 2
Name: Condensation.
Exercise No: 3
Name: Changes of state
Exercise No: 4
Name: The Water Cycle
Exercise No: 2
Name: Spinning around
No.6: The dark side of the moon Question Type: Statement Choice
Question Why do we only ever see one side of the moon?
Answers Correct Answer Because it is heavier on the side we can see
Incorrect Answer 1 Because it is egg shaped
Incorrect Answer 2 Because it is heavier on the side we cannot see
Incorrect Answer 3 Because it spins around
Exercise No: 3
Name: Phases of the moon
No.12: Sun rise around the world Question Type: Statement Choice
Question During June, what is the difference in hours of daylight between England and Australia?
Answers Correct Answer 5 hours
Incorrect Answer 1 6 hours
Incorrect Answer 2 10 hours
Incorrect Answer 3 15 hours
KS2 Science 5E: Earth, Sun and Moon
Exercise No: 4
Name: Sun rise, Sun set
Question What have we learnt about the Earth, Sun and moon? Try to write some interesting facts
about each one. Also, how does the Sun affect the things that happen around us - for
example day and night? shadows?
Expert The Earth, Sun and moon are spherical with the moon being slightly egg shaped. If the Earth was
Teacher the size of a pea, then the Sun would be a beach ball and the moon would be a bead. The Earth
Answer orbits the Sun and takes 365 1/4 days to orbit (go around). The moon orbits the Earth and this
takes approximately 28 days. During this time the appearance of the moon changes and these
are called the 'Phases of the moon'. Because the Earth spins on it's axis (one complete turn takes
24 hours) we have day and night with one half of the Earth being in the Sun's light and the other
facing away from it. Whilst it appears that the Sun moves across the sky, actually it does not. The
Sun appears to move because the Earth is spinning. The Sun rises in the East and sets in the
West and is at it's highest point at midday. However, the amount of daylight that we have changes
as we go from summer to winter.
KS2 Science 5F: Changing sounds
Exercise No: 1
Name: Vibrations
No.3: Sounds through Solid, Liquid and Gas. Question Type: Multiple Choice
Question Find the TWO statements which are true.
Answers Correct Answer Sounds can travel through solids, liquids and gases.
Correct Answer Sounds get quieter as they travel through a medium.
Incorrect Answer 1 Sounds get louder as they travel through a medium.
Incorrect Answer 2 Sounds can travel through gases and liquids, but not solids.
Incorrect Answer 3 Sounds can travel through solids and liquids, but not gases.
Exercise No: 2
Name: Travelling and changing sounds
Exercise No: 3
Name: Instruments
Exercise No: 4
Name: Finding out more about sound
No.16: Finding out about brass instruments. Question Type: Multiple Choice
Question Choose the TWO CORRECT statements:-
Answers Correct Answer Pitch on a guitar string can be altered by shortening it.
Correct Answer The pitch of a recorder note depends on which holes are covered.
Incorrect Answer 1 If you play a guitar string gently you will get a low note.
Incorrect Answer 2 If you blow a recorder softly the note will be low.
Incorrect Answer 3 A thicker guitar string will give a louder sound than a thinner one.
KS2 Science 5F: Changing sounds
Question What have you found out about sound through your learning journeys?
Expert Sounds are produced when objects vibrate. Sound travels through all materials- solids, liquids
Teacher and gases. It cannot travel in space because there is no air. Some materials can be used to block
Answer sound and stop it reaching the ear- they can be used to soundproof rooms or make ear
protectors. Pitch describes how high or low a sound is. The pitch of notes can be changed by
tightening drum skins, lengthening or tightening strings, or changing the amount of air which is
vibrating. Echoes are produced when sound bounces off a hard surface such as a wall.
KS2 Science 6A: Interdependence and
adaptation
Exercise No: 1
Name: Plant Parts
Exercise No: 2
Name: Soil 3
Exercise No: 3
Name: Dependence
Exercise No: 4
Name: Adaptation
Question A forest is an ecosystem. Describe how the life in a forest is dependant on each other.
Suggest what might happen if one part of the ecosystem was removed.
Expert In the forest, insects feed off plants, birds eat insects, larger birds eat smaller birds. Also, small
Teacher rodents eat the plants and insects, and they, in turn, are eaten by larger mammals and large
Answer birds. If you take one of these things away from the environment of the forest, the whole
ecosystem is threatened. Without the smaller birds, there would be too many insects, and all the
plants and trees would be eaten and destroyed. There would be little food for the larger birds of
prey such as owls, and eventually nowhere for them to live. Eventually, there would be no trees or
plants left for the insects to eat.
KS2 Science 6B: Micro-organisms
(short )
Exercise No: 1
Name: Micro-organisms and me
Exercise No: 2
Name: Harmful micro-organisms
Exercise No: 3
Name: Micro-organisms and food
Exercise No: 4
Name: Helpful micro-organisms
Exercise No: 2
Name: 2. Separating materials
Exercise No: 3
Name: 3. Investigating
Exercise No: 4
Name: 4. Conclusions
Question What have you learned about dissolving? (Use these keywords in your answer - filter,
evaporate, solid, liquid.)
Expert When substances dissolve, they form a solution. There are many different types of solution-
Teacher gases dissolved in liquids, gases in gases, liquids in liquids or solids dissolved in liquids. You can
Answer separate solids which have not dissolved from liquids by filtering, but dissolved solids have to be
separated by evaporating the liquid. The rate at which a solid dissolves can be affected by the
size of the particles, temperature of the water, or the amount of stirring. When a solid is added to
a liquid, eventually no more will dissolve because the solution is saturated.
KS2 Science 6D: Reversible and
irreversible changes (short )
Exercise No: 1
Name: 1. Making Changes.
Exercise No: 2
Name: 2. Temperature.
Exercise No: 3
Name: 3. Candles.
Exercise No: 4
Name: 4. Rounding Off.
Question You have been asked to write definitions for a scientific dictionary for the terms 'reversible
change' and 'irreversible change'. What will you write?
Expert A reversible change is when you have mixed materials and you can easily get the materials back
Teacher by sieving, filtering, decanting and by evaporation and condensation. When you mixed the
Answer materials you did not make a new substance. An irreversible change is when you have mixed
materials and a reaction has happened that produces new materials. You cannot get the
materials that you mixed back. When you burn materials this causes an irreversible change. Heat
can also cause an irreversible change, for example when you fry an egg.
KS2 Science 6E: Forces in action
Exercise No: 1
Name: Forces Around Us
Exercise No: 2
Name: Gravity and Weight
Exercise No: 3
Name: Floating and Upthrust
Exercise No: 4
Name: Air Resistance
Question Forces are found all around us. Describe the forces you have studied and include an
example of where they can be observed and what units are used to measure them.
Expert There are many forces around us and they are all measured using the unit Newtons. Gravity is
Teacher the force which attracts objects to the centre of the earth. It can be seen acting when a ball is
Answer dropped. Air resistance or drag is the force produced by air trying to stop objects moving. It can
be found acting on a parachute where it slows down the person before they reach the ground.
Upthrust is the force which helps keep boats afloat. It was discovered by Archimedes. It is a force
which acts in the opposite direction to gravity and is found in liquids. Friction is a force which tries
to stop objects moving. It can be useful especially on roads to stop cars from skidding off when
they reach a corner. Magnetism is a force which attracts iron, nickel, cobalt and steel. It is found
in magnets and some rocks. Weight is a force created by gravity. It is the force by which an object
is pulled towards the ground. The more mass an object has the greater its weight.
KS2 Science 6F: How we see things
(short )
Exercise No: 1
Name: Light 2
Exercise No: 2
Name: Shadows 2
Exercise No: 3
Name: Reflection
Exercise No: 4
Name: Using mirrors
Exercise No: 2
Name: Testing circuits
Exercise No: 3
Name: Drawing Circuits and symbols
Exercise No: 4
Name: Investigating Circuits
Question How can you increase or decrease the brightness of a bulb in a circuit?
Expert I could change the power supply - adding more batteries would make the bulb brighter, but I need
Teacher to make sure I don't add too many batteries or the bulb would explode. I could add more bulbs.
Answer This would make the bulbs dimmer as the power would have to be shared between the bulbs. I
could also add another device like a motor or a buzzer. This would have the same effect. I could
shorten or lengthen the wire. A shorter wire would make the bulb brighter, as it has less
resistance. A longer wire would make the bulb dimmer. I could use thicker or thinner wire. A
thicker wire would make the bulb brighter, a thinner wire would make the bulb dimmer.