Name: Anacil M.

Macosang Date: May 4, 2016

Basic Parts of Mother Board

Function and Uses

EIDE Connectors
The term EIDE can be a bit ambiguous, since it technically refers to an ATA
standard known as ATA-2 or Fast ATA. Therefore, the terms EIDE, ATA-
2, and Fast ATA may be used synonymously. To add to the confusion, EIDE
may also refer to the ATA-3 standard, which is similar to ATA-2, but
includes additional features. ATA-3 supports the same maximum data
transfer rate as ATA-2, but has SMART support and uses a 44 pin
connector. EIDE was the most common drive controller used for many
years, it has since been replaced by updated versions of the ATA standard
that support Ultra DMA. These include the ATA-4 through ATA-7
standards, which provide data throughput rates from 33 to 133 Mbps. Most
modern computers use a completely new standard called "Serial ATA," or
SATA, which supports even faster transfer rates.

EIDE is an improved version of the IDE drive interface that provides faster
data transfer rates than the original standard. While the original IDE drive
controllers supported transfer rates of 8.3 Mbps, EIDE can transfer data up
to 16.6 Mbps, which is twice as fast.
CMOS Battery
The CMOS is a little bit of RAM that stores all the BIOS information so
that each time the computer restarts or powers on, the computer can
remember this information. You can find out more information about the
CMOS and BIOS in their relevant pages.

The uses of the battery in the motherboard, is what powers the CMOS
RAM when the computer is turned off. So that it doesn't lose all your
BIOS information.

ISA Slots
ISA was originally an 8-bit computer bus that was later expanded to a 16-
bitbus in 1984. When this bus was originally released it was
a proprietary bus, which allowed only IBM to create peripherals and the
actual interface. However, in the early 1980's other manufacturers were
creating the bus.
Intel and Microsoft introduced a PnP ISA bus that allowed the computer to
automatically detect and setup computer ISA peripherals, such as
a modem or sound card. Using the PnP technology, an end-user would
have the capability of connecting a device and not having to configure the
device using jumpers or dip switches.

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AGP Slot
The AGP channel is 32-bits wide and runs at 66 MHz, which is a total
bandwidth of 266 MBps and much greater than the PCI bandwidth of up
to 133 MBps. AGP also supports two optional faster modes, with a
throughput of 533 MBps and 1.07 GBps. It also allows 3-D textures to be
stored in main memory rather than video memory.
AGP is available in three different versions, the original AGP version
mentioned above, AGP 2.0 that was introduced in May of 1998, and AGP
3.0 (AGP 8x) that was introduced in November of 2000. AGP 2.0 added
4x signalling and was capable of operating at 1.5V and AGP 3.0 was
capable of double the transfer speeds.
An accelerated graphics port (AGP) is a point to point channel that is used
for high speed video output. This port is used to connect graphic cards to a
computer's motherboard. The primary purpose of an AGP is to accelerate
3D graphics output for high definition video. AGP provides much faster
connectivity and throughput compared to PCI. An AGP is primarily
designed to be used for 3D graphics, high definition games and
engineering/architecture graphics.

Northbridge with heat sink

The north bridge and its immediate surroundings. A lot of traffic runs
through the north bridge, hence the heat sink.

The AGP is actually an I/O port. It is used for the video card. In contrast to
the other I/O devices, the AGP port is connected directly to the north
bridge, because it has to be as close to the RAM as possible. The same
goes for the PCI Express x16 port, which is the replacement of AGP in
new motherboards.

The Northbridge is an integrated circuit responsible for communications

between the CPU interface, AGP, and the memory. Unlike the
Southbridge the Northbridge is directly connected to these components
and acts like a "bridge" for the Southbridge chip to communicate with the
CPU, RAM, and graphics controller. Today, the Northbridge is a single-
chip that is north of the PCI bus, however, early computers may have had
up to three separate chips that made up the Northbridge.