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SKEMA JAWAPAN
PEPERIKSAAN PERTENGAHAN TAHUN 2017
KIMIA (4541/2)
TINGKATAN 4

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No 1 Answer Mark
Mark
(a) Is a temperature where solid changes to liquid at a certain pressure 1 1
(b) Molecules 1 1
(c) To ensure uniform / even heating 1 1
(d) To ensure heat is distributed evenly 1 1
(e) (i) 80 oC 1 1
(ii) Heat released to surrounding 1
Is balanced by heat released by particles in liquid to form a solid / 1
to rearrange themselves to form a solid ..2

(iii) 1 1

Min requirement : 3X3

(f) Cannot 1
Because melting point of sodium nitrate is higher than boilning point of 1
water 2
TOTAL 10
No 2 Answer Mark
Mark
(a) Molecule 1 1
(b) Hydrogen chloride 1 1
(c) (i) Ammonium chloride 1 1
(ii)
Air
1 1

Cotton wool soaked Cotton wool soaked

in concentrated in concentrated
ammonia, NH3 hydrochoric acid, HCl
1. The relative molecular mass of ammonia is lower than HCl 1
(iii) 2. Ammonia diffuse faster than HCl 1
2
(d) 1. The rate of diffusion increase 1
2. The particles gain more kinetic energy 1
3. The particles move faster 1
Total 9

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No 3 Answer Mark
Mark
(a) (i) Total number of proton and neutron in nucleus of atom 1 1
(ii) 17 1 1
(b) 24 1 1
12 Y
(c) (i) 2.8.1 1 1
(ii) 1 1 1
(d) (i) W and X 1
Because they have same number of proton/ proton number and 1
different number of neutron/nucleon number 2
(ii) Carbon-14 ; to estimate age of artifacts1 1
any related answer 1 2
TOTAL 9

No 4 Answer Mark
Mark
(a) (i) C8H8O3 1 1
(ii) C7H9NO3 1 1
(b) (i) 8(12) + 8 + 3(16) = 152 1 1
(ii) 7(12) + 9 + 14 + 3(16) = 155 1 1
(c) 1 mole of vanillin = 152 g 1 1
3.8 g of vanillin = 3.8 = 0.025 mole
152
(d) 1 mole of Vitamin B6 = 155 g 1
0.031 g of Vitamin B6 0.062 = mole = 0.0004 mole
155

1 mole contains 6 x 1023 molecules

0.0004 x 6 x 1023 = 2.4 x 1020 molecules. 1 .2

(e) (i)
Element Carbon Hydrogen Oxygen
Mass(g) 32 4 64
Mol 32/12 4/1 64/16
=2.667 =4 =4 1
Ratio 2.667/2.667 4/2.667 4/2.667
=1 =1.5 =1.5
Simplest ratio 2 3 3 1

Empirical formula = C2H3O3 1 ..3

(ii) n C2H3O3 = 150

75n = 150
n =2 1

Molecular formula = (C2H3O3)2

= C4H6O6 1 2
TOTAL 12

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No 5 Answer Mark
Mark
(a) (i) Group 1 1 1
(ii) Because all atoms have 1 valence electron at the outermost shell 1 1
(b) 2.8.1 1 1
(c) 1. Potassium atom is more reactive than sodium atom 1
2. Potassium atom has more no of shells than sodium
atom / Atomic size of potassium atom is bigger than 1
sodium atom
3. The forces of attraction between nucleus and valence
electron in potassium atom is weaker 1
4. valence electron is easier to be release in potassium
atom ..3
*Max 3 points
(d) (i) P 1 1

(ii) R 1 1
(iii) U is more electronegative than Q 1 1
(iv) No of proton in Atom U is higher //Positive charged in nucleus 1
of Atom U is high
The forces of attraction between nucleus and valence electron ..2
in atom U is stronger//Atom U is easier to attract electron 1
Total 11

No 6 Answer Mark
Mark

6 (a) (i) MgCl2 1 1

(NH4)2CO3 1 1
(ii)

(b) (i) Magnesium oxide 1 1

(ii) Copper (I) carbonate 1 1

(c) (i) PbCO3 PbO + CO2 1 1

(ii) 26.7/ 267 = 0.1 mol 1 1

0.1 mol PbCO3 0.1 mol PbO 1 1

(iii)
Mass of PbO = 22.3g 1 1

(d) 2AgNO3 + MgCl2 2AgCl + Mg(NO3)2 1 1

Total 9

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Question No Answer Mark

7 (a) (i) Two information : 2
1. Type of element involved : Carbon, nitrogen , hydrogen and
oxygen
2. No of atoms : 1 C, 2N, 4H and 1O
(ii) Molar mass (must have unit):

Ammonium nitrate : 80 gmol-1 1

Ammonium sulphate :132 gmol-1 1

Urea :60gmol-1 1

The percentage by mass of nitrogen :

1
Ammonium nitrate : 35%
1
Ammonium sulphate :21.12%
1
Urea :46.67%

Effective fertilizers : urea 1

Reason : because it has highest percentage of nitrogen by mass 1
(b) No. of mole CO2 = 0.12 =0.005 mol 1
24
Mass of CO2= 0.005 x 44 = 0.22 g 1

No. of mole H2 = 0.12 =0.005 mol

1
24
Mass of H2= 0.005 x 2 = 0.01 g 1
The balloon containing hydrogen gas has a very much lighter
mass although both balloons have the same volume. 1

(c) (i) C3H8 +5 O2 3CO2 +4H2O 2

(ii) Mol C3H8
=4.4 / 44
=0.1 mol
1
Ratio
1 mol C3H8 = 3 mol CO2 1
0.1 mol C2H4 = 0.3 mol CO2

Vol of CO2 = 0.3 mol x 24

= 6.2 dm3 1
TOTAL 20M

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Question No Answer Sub- Mark
mark
8 (a) (i) Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space 1 1
(ii) Atom 1
Molecules 1
Ions 1 ..3
(b) Particles are tiny and discrete 1
Particles are always in constantly moving 1
The curry particles move from higher concentration region to lower 1 ..3
concentration region
(c)
Criteria State1 State II
Particle Closed packed and Very far apart 1
arrangement in orderly
arrangement
Movement Can only vibrate at Move randomly 1
fixed position
Forces of attraction Strong Weak 1
Kinetic energy Low High 1 ..4

(d) (i) Model 1 : John Dalton 1

Model 2 : J.J Thomson 1
Model 3 : Ernest Rutherford 1
Model 4 : Neils Bohr 1
Model 5 : James Chadwick 1 ..5
(ii)
Criteria Model 3 Model 5
Nucleus In nucleus, contains In nucleus, Contains
proton only proton and neutron 2
Electron Electrons scattered Electrons move in ...4
around the nucleus shells around the 2
nucleus

TOTAL 20

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Question No Answer Sub- Mark

mark
9 (a) 1. Empirical formula is the formula that shows the simplest ratio of 1
atoms of each element in the compound.
2. Molecular formula is the formula that shows the actual number of 1
atoms of each element in the compound.
3.Example : empirical formula of ethene is CH2 and the molecular 1 3
formula is C2H4
(b) (i)

Empirical formula = CH2O 1 3

(ii) n=6
Empirical formula is CH2O n(CH2O) = 180
12n + 2n + 16n = 180
30n = 180 1
molecular formula = C6H12O6 1 2
(c) (i) Magnesium is more reactive than hydrogen// because magnesium 1 1
oxide does not react with hydrogen gas.
Lead oxide / Stanum oxide / iron oxide / copper oxide 1 1
1. Clean [5 15] cm magnesium ribbon with sandpaper and coil it.
2. Weigh an empty crucible with its lid.
3. Place the magnesium in the crucible and weigh again.
4. Record the reading.
5. Heat the crucible very strongly without lid.
6. Open and close the lid very quickly.
7. When burning is complete stop the heating
8. Let the crucible cool and then weigh it again
9. The heating, cooling and weighing process is repeated until a
constant mass is recorded

10

TOTAL 20

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Question No. Description Marks

10 (a) oxide of X -Aluminium oxide 1
oxide of Y Magnesium oxide 1
oxide of Z - Sulphur dioxide 1
Arrange Y,X and Z 1

Chemical Equation
2HCl + MgO -> MgCl2 + H2O 1+1 ......6

(b) 3CI2 + 2P -> 2PCl3 1

Number of moles of element P = 0.1 mol 1

From equation:
2 mol of P : 2 mol PCl3
0.1 mol P : 0.1 mol PCl3 1

Mass of PCl3 = 16.25 g 1 ......4

(c) Procedure for reaction of Group 1 element in water:

1. Fill a trough half full with water. 1
2. A small piece of lithium is cut with a knife 1
and dried on filter paper. 1
3. A pair of forceps is used to drop the lithium into a trough
of water 1
4. All observations are recorded
Observations:
Lithium metal moves randomly on the water surface. 1
A hissing sound is heard. 1
Chemical test:
The water in the trough is tested with red litmus paper 1
when the reaction has stopped.
Red litmus paper turns blue. 1 ....10

Total 20

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