Solutionbank: Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics

Heinemann Solutionbank: Core Maths 3 C3 Page 1 of 3
Solutionbank
Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics
Exercise A, Question 1
Question:
Differentiate:
(a) ( 1 + 2x ) 4
(b) ( 3 2x2 ) 5
1
(c) ( 3 + 4x ) 2
(d) ( 6x + x2 ) 7
1
(e)
3 + 2x
(f) \ 7x
(g) 4 ( 2 + 8x ) 4
(h) 3 (8x) 6
Solution:
(a) Let u = 1 + 2x, then y = u4

du dy
dx =2 and du = 4u3
Using the chain rule,
dy dy du
dx = du dx = 4u3 2 = 8u3 = 8 ( 1 + 2x ) 3
(b) Let u = 3 2x2 then y = u 5

du dy
dx = 4x and du = 5u 6
dy dy du
dx = du dx = 5u 6 4x = 20xu 6 = 20x ( 3 2x2 ) 6
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\c3_8_a_1.html 3/9/2013
1
(c) Let u = 3 + 4x, then y = u 2
du dy 1 1
dx =4 and du = 2u
2

dy dy du 1 1
1

1
dx = du dx = 2u
2 4 = 2u 2 = 2 ( 3 + 4x ) 2
(d) Let u = 6x + x2, then y = u7

du dy
dx = 6 + 2x and du = 7u6
dy dy du
dx = du dx = 7u6 ( 6 + 2x ) = 7 ( 6 + 2x ) ( 6x + x2 ) 6
1
(e) Let u = 3 + 2x, then y = u =u1
du dy
dx =2 and du = u2
dy dy du 2
dx = du dx = u 2 2 = 2u 2 =
( 3 + 2x ) 2
1
(f) Let u = 7 x, then y = u 2
du dy 1 1
dx = 1 and du = 2u
2

dy dy du 1 1 1
1
dx = du dx = 2u
2 1= 2 (7x) 2
(g) Let u = 2 + 8x, then y = 4u4

du dy
dx = 8 and du = 16u3
dy dy du
dx = du dx = 16u3 8 = 128 ( 2 + 8x ) 3
(h) Let u = 8 x, then y = 3u 6

du dy
dx = 1 and du = 18u 7

dy dy du
dx = du dx = 18u 7 1 = 18 ( 8 x ) 7
Pearson Education Ltd 2008
Solutionbank
Question:
1 dy 1 1
Given that y = find the value of at , .
( 4x + 1 ) 2 dx 4 4
Solution:
Let u = 4x + 1, then y = u 2
du dy
dx =4 du = 2u 3
dy 8
dx = 8u 3 =
( 4x + 1 ) 3
1 dy
When x = 4 , dx = 1
Solutionbank
Question:
dy
Given that y = ( 5 2x ) 3 find the value of dx
at (1, 27).
Solution:
Let u = 5 2x, then y = u3

du dy
dx = 2 du = 3u2
dy
dx = 6u2 = 6 ( 5 2x ) 2
dy
When x = 1, dx = 54
Solutionbank
Question:
dy
Find the value of dx
at the point (8, 2) on the curve with equation 3y2 2y = x.
Solution:
x = 3y2 2y
dx
dy = 6y 2
dy 1
dx = 6y 2
At (8, 2) the value of y is 2.
dy 1 1
dx = 12 2 = 10
Solutionbank
Question:
dy 1
Find the value of at the point 2 2 ,4 on the curve with equation y
dx
1 1
2 +y 2 = x.
Solution:
1 1
x=y 2 +y 2
dx 1 1 1 3
dy = 2y
2 2y
2
dy 1
dx =
1 1 1 3
y 2 y 2
2 2
1
At the point 2 2 ,4 the value of y is 4.

dy 1 1 1 16 1
dx = = = = 3 =5 3
1 1 1 3 1 1 3
(4) 2 (4) 2
2 2 4 16 16
Solutionbank
Exercise B, Question 1
Question:
Differentiate:
(a) x ( 1 + 3x ) 5
(b) 2x ( 1 + 3x2 ) 3
(c) x
3 ( 2x + 6 ) 4
(d) 3x
2 ( 5x 1 ) 1
Solution:
Let y = x ( 1 + 3x ) 5
(a)
Let u = x and v = ( 1 + 3x ) 5
du dv
Then dx = 1 and dx = 5 3 ( 1 + 3x ) 4 (using the chain rule)
Now use the product rule.
dy dv du
dx =u dx +v dx
dy
dx = x 15 ( 1 + 3x ) 4 + ( 1 + 3x ) 5 1
= ( 1 + 3x ) 4 ( 15x + 1 + 3x )
= ( 1 + 3x ) 4 ( 1 + 18x )
Let y = 2x ( 1 + 3x2 ) 3
(b)
Let u = 2x and v = ( 1 + 3x2 ) 3
du dv
Then dx = 2 and dx = 18x ( 1 + 3x2 ) 2
Using the product rule,
dy dv du
dx =u dx +v dx
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\c3_8_b_1.html 3/9/2013
dy

dx
= 2x 18x ( 1 + 3x2 ) 2 + 2 ( 1 + 3x2 ) 3
= ( 1 + 3x2 ) 2 [ 36x2 + 2 ( 1 + 3x2 ) ]

= ( 1 + 3x2 ) 2 ( 42x2 + 2 )
= 2 ( 1 + 3x2 ) 2 ( 1 + 21x2 )
Let y = x3 ( 2x + 6 ) 4
(c)
Let u = x3 and v = ( 2x + 6 ) 4
du dv
Then dx = 3x2 and dx = 8 ( 2x + 6 ) 3
dy dv du
dx =u dx +v dx
dy
dx = x3 8 ( 2x + 6 ) 3 + ( 2x + 6 ) 4 3x2
= x2 ( 2x + 6 ) 3 [ 8x + 3 ( 2x + 6 ) ]
= x2 ( 2x + 6 ) 3 ( 14x + 18 )
= 2x2 ( 2x + 6 ) 3 ( 7x + 9 )
Let y = 3x2 ( 5x 1 ) 1
(d)
Let u = 3x2 and v = ( 5x 1 ) 1
du dv
Then dx = 6x and dx = 5 ( 5x 1 ) 2
dy dv du
dx =u dx +v dx
dy
dx
= 3x2 5 ( 5x 1 ) 2 + ( 5x 1 ) 1 6x
= 15x2 ( 5x 1 ) 2 + 6x ( 5x 1 ) 1
= 3x ( 5x 1 ) 2 [ 5x + 2 ( 5x 1 ) ]
= 3x ( 5x 2 ) ( 5x 1 ) 2
Solutionbank
Question:
dy
(a) Find the value of dx
at the point (1, 8) on the curve with equation y = x2
( 3x 1 ) 3.
dy
(b) Find the value of dx
at the point (4, 36) on the curve with equation y = 3x
1
( 2x + 1 ) 2 .
dy 1
(c) Find the value of at the point 2 , 5 on the curve with equation y =
dx
( x 1 ) ( 2x + 1 ) 1.
Solution:
= x2 ( 3x 1 ) 3
(a) y
Let u = x2, v = ( 3x 1 ) 3
du dv
Then dx = 2x, dx = 9 ( 3x 1 ) 2
dy dv du
Use the product rule dx =u dx +v dx to give
dy
dx = x2 9 ( 3x 1 ) 2 + ( 3x 1 ) 3 2x
= x ( 3x 1 ) 2 [ 9x + 2 ( 3x 1 ) ]
= x ( 3x 1 ) 2 ( 15x 2 ) *
At the point (1, 8), x = 1.
Substitute x = 1 into the expression *.
dy
Then dx = 1 22 13 = 52
1
(b) y = 3x ( 2x + 1 ) 2
1
Let u = 3x and v = ( 2x + 1 ) 2
du dv 1 1 1
Then = 3 and = 2 ( 2x + 1 ) 2 = ( 2x + 1 ) 2
dx dx 2
dy dv du
dy 1 1
= 3x ( 2x + 1 ) 2 + 3 ( 2x + 1 ) 2
dx
1
= 3 ( 2x + 1 ) 2 [ x + ( 2x + 1 ) ]
1
= 3 ( 3x + 1 ) ( 2x + 1 ) 2 *
At the point (4, 36), x = 4.
Substitute x = 4 into *.
dy 1 1
Then = 3 13 9 2 = 3 13 = 13
dx 3
= ( x 1 ) ( 2x + 1 ) 1
(c) y
Let u = x 1 and v = ( 2x + 1 ) 1
du dv
Then dx = 1 and dx = 2 ( 2x + 1 ) 2
dy dv du
dy
dx = 2 ( x 1 ) ( 2x + 1 ) 2 + ( 2x + 1 ) 1 1
= ( 2x + 1 ) 2 [ 2x + 2 + ( 2x + 1 ) ]
= 3 ( 2x + 1 ) 2 *
1
At the point 2 , 5 , x = 2.

Substitute x = 2 into *
dy 3
Then dx =352= 25
Solutionbank
Question:
Find the points where the gradient is zero on the curve with equation y =

( x 2 ) 2 2x + 3 .

Solution:
y = ( x 2 ) 2 ( 2x + 3 )
u = ( x 2 ) 2 and v = ( 2x + 3 )
du dv
=2 x2 and dx = 2
dx
dy dv du
dy
dx = ( x 2 ) 2 2 + 2 ( x 2 ) ( 2x + 3 )
= 2 ( x 2 ) [ ( x 2 ) + 2x + 3 ]
= 2 ( x 2 ) ( 3x + 1 )
dy
When the gradient is zero, dx =0
2 ( x 2 ) ( 3x + 1 ) = 0
1
x = 2 or x = 3
Substitute values for x into y = ( x 2 ) 2 ( 2x + 3 ) .

1 19
When x = 2, y = 0; when x = 3, y = 12 27 .
1 19
So points of zero gradient are (2, 0) and 3 , 12 27 .

Solutionbank
Exercise C, Question 1
Question:
Differentiate:
5x
(a)
x+1
2x
(b)
3x 2
x+3
(c)
2x + 1
3x2
(d)
( 2x 1 ) 2
6x
(e)
1
( 5x + 3 ) 2
Solution:
(a) Let u = 5x and v = x + 1

du dv
dx = 5 and dx =1
Use the quotient rule
to give
dy ( x + 1 ) 5 5x 1 5
dx = =
(x+1) 2 (x+1) 2
(b) Let u = 2x and v = 3x 2

du dv
dx = 2 and dx =3
to give
dy ( 3x 2 ) 2 2x 3 6x 4 6x 4
dx = = =
( 3x 2 ) 2 ( 3x 2 ) 2 ( 3x 2 ) 2
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\c3_8_c_1.html 3/9/2013
(c) Let u = x + 3 and v = 2x + 1

du dv
dx = 1 and dx =2
to give
dy ( 2x + 1 ) 1 ( x + 3 ) 2 2x + 1 2x 6 5
dx = = =
( 2x + 1 ) 2 ( 2x + 1 ) 2 ( 2x + 1 ) 2
(d) Let u = 3x2 and v = ( 2x 1 ) 2

du dv
= 6x and =4 2x 1
dx dx
to give
dy ( 2x 1 ) 2 6x 3x2 4 ( 2x 1 )
=
dx ( 2x 1 ) 4
6x ( 2x 1 ) [ ( 2x 1 ) 2x ]
=
( 2x 1 ) 4
6x
=
( 2x 1 ) 3
1
(e) Let u = 6x and v = ( 5x + 3 ) 2
du dv 5 1
= 6 and = ( 5x + 3 ) 2
dx dx 2
to give
1 5 1
( 5x + 3 ) 2 6 6x ( 5x + 3 ) 2
dy 2
dx = 1
[ ( 5x + 3 ) 2 ] 2
1
3 ( 5x + 3 ) 2 [ 2 ( 5x + 3 ) 5x ]
= ( 5x + 3 )
1
3 ( 5x + 3 ) 2 ( 10x + 6 5x )
= ( 5x + 3 )
3 ( 5x + 6 )
=
3
( 5x + 3 ) 2
Solutionbank
Question:
dy 1 x
Find the value of at the point 1 , 4 on the curve with equation y = 3x + 1 .
dx
Solution:
Let u = x and v = 3x + 1
du dv
dx = 1 and dx =3
to give
dy ( 3x + 1 ) 1 x 3 1
dx = = *
( 3x + 1 ) 2 ( 3x + 1 ) 2
1
At the point 1 , 4 , x = 1. Substitute x = 1 into *.

dy 1
Then dx = 16
Solutionbank
Question:
dy x+3
at the point (12, 3) on the curve with equation y = .
1
( 2x + 1 ) 2
Solution:
1
Let u = x + 3 and v = ( 2x + 1 ) 2
du dv 1
= 1 and = ( 2x + 1 ) 2
dx dx
to give
1 1
dy ( 2x + 1 ) 2 1 ( x + 3 ) ( 2x + 1 ) 2
=
dx ( 2x + 1 ) + 1
1
( 2x + 1 ) 2 [ ( 2x + 1 ) ( x + 3 ) ]
=
( 2x + 1 ) + 1
3
= ( 2x + 1 ) 2 ( x 2 )

At the point (12, 3), x = 12 and
dy 3 10 2
dx = ( 25 ) 2 ( 10 ) = 125 = 25
Solutionbank
Exercise D, Question 1
Question:
Differentiate:
(a) e
2x
(b) e
6x
(c) e
x+3
(d) 4e
3x2
(e) 9e
3x
(f) xe
2x
(g) ( x2 + 3 ) e x
2
(h) ( 3x 5 ) e x
(i) 2x
4e 1 + x
(j) ( 9x 1 ) e 3x
x
(k)
e 2x
2
ex
(l)
x
ex
(m)
x+1
e 2x
(n)
\x+1
Solution:
(a) Let y = e 2x, then y = et where t = 2x

dy dt
dt = et and dx =2
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\c3_8_d_1.html 3/9/2013
By the chain rule

dy dy dt
dx = dt dx = 2et = 2e 2x
(b) Let y = e 6x
dy
If y = e f ( x ) then dx = f ( x ) ef ( x )
Let f ( x ) = 6x, then f ( x ) = 6
dy
dx = 6e 6x
Let y = e x + 3
(c)
Let f ( x ) = x + 3, then f ( x ) = 1
dy
If y = e f ( x ) then dx = f ( x ) ef ( x )
dy
dx = 1 ex + 3 = ex + 3
2
Let y = 4e 3x
(d)
Let f ( x ) = 3x2, then f ( x ) = 6x
dy 2 2
dx = 4 6xe 3x = 24xe 3x
Let y = 9e 3 x
(e)
Let f ( x ) = 3 x, then f ( x ) = 1
dy
dx = 9 1 e 3 x = 9e 3 x
Let y = xe 2x
(f)
Let u = x and v = e 2x
du dv
dx = 1 and dx = 2e 2x
Use product formula.
dy
dx = x 2e 2x + e 2x 1 = e 2x ( 2x + 1 )
Let y = ( x2 + 3 ) e x
(g)
Let u = x2 + 3 and v = e x
du dv
dx = 2x and dx = ex
dy
dx = ( x2 + 3 ) ( e x ) + e x 2x = e x ( x2 2x + 3 )
2
(h) Let y = ( 3x 5 ) e x
2
Let u = 3x 5 and v = e x
du dv 2
dx = 3 and dx = 2xe x
dy 2 2 2
= ( 3x 5 ) 2xe x + e x 3 = e x 6x2 10x + 3
dx
Let y = 2x4e 1 + x
(i)
Let u = 2x4 and v = e 1 + x
du dv
dx = 8x3 and dx = e1 + x
dy
dx = 2x4e 1 + x + e 1 + x 8x3 = 2x3e 1 + x ( x + 4 )
Let y = ( 9x 1 ) e 3x
(j)
Let u = 9x 1 and v = e 3x
du dv
dy
dx = ( 9x 1 ) 3e 3x + e 3x 9 = 3e 3x ( 9x + 2 )
x
(k) Let y =
e 2x
Let u = x and v = e 2x
du dv
Use quotient rule
dy e 2x 1 x 2e 2x
= = e 2x ( 1 2x )
dx e 4x
2
ex
(l) Let y = x
2
Let u = e x and v = x
du 2 dv
dx = 2xe x and dx =1
Use quotient rule.
2 2 2
dy x 2xe x e x 1 e x ( 2x2 1 )
= =
dx x2 x2
ex
(m) Let y = x+1
Let u = ex and v = x + 1
du dv
dx = ex and dx =1
Use quotient rule.
dy ( x + 1 ) ex ex 1 xex
= =
dx (x+1) 2 (x+1) 2
e 2x
(n) Let y = \x+1
1
Let u = e 2x and v = ( x + 1 ) 2
du dv 1 1
= 2e 2x and = (x+1) 2
dx dx 2
Use quotient rule.
1 1 1
( x + 1 ) 2 ( 2e 2x ) e 2x [ (x+1) 2 ]
dy 2
dx = 1
[ (x+1) 2 ] 2
1 1 1
[ 2(x+1) 2 ( x + 1 ) 2 ] e 2x
2
= x+1
1 1
( x + 1 ) 2 [ 4 ( x + 1 ) 1 ] e 2x
2
= x+1
( 4x + 5 ) e 2x
=
3
2(x+1) 2
Solutionbank
Question:
dy 1
Find the value of at the point 1 , e on the curve with equation
dx
y = xe x.
Solution:
y = xe x
Let u = x and v = e x
du dv
dx = 1 and dx = e x
Use the product rule to give
dy
dx =x( ex) +e x1=e x(1x)
1
At 1 , e , x = 1.

dy
dx =0
Solutionbank
Question:
dy
at the point (0, 3) on the curve with equation y = ( 2x + 3 )
e 2x.
Solution:
y = ( 2x + 3 ) e 2x
Let u = 2x + 3 and v = e 2x
du dv
Use the product rule.
dy
dx = ( 2x + 3 ) 2e 2x + e 2x 2 = 2e 2x ( 2x + 3 + 1 ) = 2e 2x ( 2x + 4 )

= 4e 2x x+2

At the point (0, 3), x = 0.
dy
dx =42=8
Solutionbank
Question:
1 1
Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = xe 2x at the point , e .
2 2
Solution:
y = xe 2x
dy
=x 2e 2x + e 2x ( 1 ) (From the product rule)
dx
1 1 1
At the point , e , x = 2.
2 2
dy
dx = e + e = 2e
1 1
The tangent at , e has gradient 2e.
2 2
Its equation is
1 1
y 2e = 2e x 2

1
y 2e = 2ex e
1
y = 2ex 2e
Solutionbank
Question:
x
e 3
1
Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = at the point 3 , 3e .
x
Solution:
x
e 3
y= x
1 x x
x( )e 3 e 3 1
dy 3
dx = x2
(From the quotient rule)
1
At the point 3 , 3e , x = 3.

dy ee
dx = 9 =0
1
The tangent at 3 , 3e has gradient 0.

Its equation is
1
y 3e =0(x3)
1
y= 3e
Solutionbank
Question:
Find the coordinates of the turning points on the curve y = x2e x, and
determine whether these points are maximum or minimum points.
Solution:
y = x2e x
dy
= x2 e x + e x ( 2x ) = xe x ( 2 x ) (From the product
dx
rule)
dy
At a turning point on the curve dx = 0.
xe x ( 2 x ) = 0
x = 0 or x = 2
Substitute these values of x into the equation y = x2e x.
When x = 0, y = 0
When x = 2, y = 4e 2
4
The turning points are at (0, 0) and 2, 2 .
e
d2y
To establish the nature of the points find .
dx2
dy
As = xe x ( 2 x ) = e x 2x x2
dx
d2y
= e x ( 2 2x ) + ( 2x x2 ) ( e x ) = e x ( 2 4x + x2 )
dx2
(From the product rule)
d2y
When x = 0, =2>0 (0, 0) is a minimum point
dx2
d2y 4
When x = 2, = 2e 2 < 0 2 , 2 is a maximum point
dx2 e
Solutionbank
Question:
e 3x dy d2y
Given that y = , find and , simplifying your answers.
x dx dx2
Use these answers to find the coordinates of the turning point on the curve with
e 3x
equation y = x , x > 0, and determine the nature of this turning point.
Solution:
e 3x
y= x
dy x ( 3e 3x ) e 3x 1 ( 3x 1 ) e 3x
= = (From the quotient rule)
dx x2 x2
d2y
To determine use the quotient rule again with
dx2
u = 3xe 3x e 3x and v = x2
d2y x2 ( 9xe 3x + 3e 3x 3e 3x ) ( 3xe 3x e 3x ) ( 2x )
=
dx2 x4
9x3e 3x 6x2e 3x + 2xe 3x

=
x4
xe 3x ( 9x2 6x + 2 )
=
x4
e 3x ( 9x2 6x + 2 )
=
x3
dy
At the turning point dx = 0.
( 3x 1 ) e 3x
=0
x2
1
x= 3
1 e 3x
Substitute x = 3 into y= x .
e
y= = 3e
1
3
1
So , 3e are the coordinates of the point with zero gradient.
3
1
To determine the nature of this point, substitute x = 3 into
d2y e 3x ( 9x2 6x + 2 )
=
dx2 x3
1 d2y e(12+2)
When x = 3 , dx2 = = 27e > 0
1
27
1
So there is a minimum point at , 3e .
3
Solutionbank
Exercise E, Question 1
Question:
Find the function f ( x ) where f(x) is
(a) ln (x+1)
(b) ln 2x
(c) ln 3x
(d) ln ( 5x 4 )
(e) 3 ln x
(f) 4 ln 2x
(g) 5 ln (x+4)
(h) x ln x
ln x
(i)
x+1
(j) ln ( x2 5 )
(k) ( 3 + x ) ln x
(l) e
x ln x
Solution:
(a) f
( x ) = ln ( x + 1 )
F ( x ) = x + 1, f ( x ) = 1
1
f ( x ) = x+1
(b) f
( x ) = ln 2x
F ( x ) = 2x, f ( x ) = 2
2 1
f ( x ) = 2x = x
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\c3_8_e_1.html 3/9/2013
(c) f ( x ) = ln 3x
3 1
f ( x ) = 3x = x
(d) f ( x ) = ln ( 5x 4 )
5
f ( x ) = 5x 4
(e) f ( x ) = 3 ln x
1 3
f ( x ) = 3 x = x
(f) f ( x ) = 4 ln 2x
2 4
f ( x ) = 4 2x = x
(g) f ( x ) = 5 ln ( x + 4 )
1 5
f ( x ) = 5 x+4 = x+4
(h) f
( x ) = x ln x
Use the product rule with u = x and v = ln x.
du dv 1
Then dx = 1 and dx = x
1
f ( x ) = x x + ln x 1 = 1 + ln x
ln x
(i) f (x) = x+1
Use the quotient rule with u = ln x and v = x + 1.
du 1 dv
Then dx = x and dx =1
1
(x+1) ( ) ln x 1
x x + 1 x ln x
f ( x ) = (x+1) 2 =
x(x+1) 2
( x ) = ln ( x2 5 )
(j) f
F ( x ) = x2 5 , f ( x ) = 2x
f ( x )
If f ( x ) = ln F ( x ) then f ( x ) = F(x)
2x
f ( x ) =
x2 5
(k) f
( x ) = ( 3 + x ) ln x
Use the product rule with u = 3 + x and v = ln x.
du dv 1
Then dx = 1 and dx = x
1 3+x
f ( x ) = ( 3 + x ) x + ln x = x + ln x
( x ) = ex ln x
(l) f
Use the product rule with u = ex and v = ln x.
du dv 1
Then dx = ex and dx = x
1 ex
f ( x ) = ex x + ln x ex = ex ln x + x
Solutionbank
Exercise F, Question 1
Question:
Differentiate:
(a) y = sin 5x
1
(b) y = 2 sin x
2
(c) y = 3 sin2x
(d) y = sin ( 2x + 1 )
(e) y = sin 8x
2
(f) y = 6 sin x
3
(g) y = sin3x
(h) y = sin5x
Solution:
(a) y = sin 5x
dy
If y = sin f ( x ) , then dx = f ( x ) cos f ( x ) .
Let f ( x ) = 5x, then f ( x ) = 5
dy
dx = 5 cos 5x
1
(b) y = 2 sin 2x
dy 1 1 1
=2 cos x = cos 2x
dx 2 2
= 3 sin2x = 3 ( sin x ) 2
(c) y
Let u = sin x, then y = 3u2
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\c3_8_f_1.html 3/9/2013
du dy
dx = cos x and du = 6u
From the chain rule
dy dy du
dx = du dx
= 6u cos x
= 6 sin x cos x
= 3 ( 2 sin x cos x )
= 3 sin 2x (From the double angle formula)
(d) y= sin ( 2x + 1 )
Let f ( x ) = 2x + 1, then f ( x ) = 2
dy
dx = 2 cos ( 2x + 1 )
(e) y = sin 8x
dy
dx = 8 cos 8x
2
(f) y = 6 sin 3x
dy 2 2 2
dx =6 3 cos 3x = 4 cos 3x
= sin3x
(g) y
Let u = sin x, then y = u3
du dy
dx = cos x and du = 3u2
dy
dx = 3u2 cos x = 3 sin2 x cos x (From the chain rule)
= sin5x
(h) y
Let u = sin x, then y = u5
du dy
dx = cos x and du = 5u4
From the chain rule
dy dy du
dx = du dx = 5u4 cos x = 5 sin4 x cos x
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\c3_8_f_1.html 3/9/2013
Solutionbank
Exercise G, Question 1
Question:
Differentiate:
(a) y = 2 cos x
(b) y = cos5x
5
(c) y = 6 cos x
6
(d) y = 4 cos ( 3x + 2 )
(e) y = cos 4x
(f) y = 3 cos2x
1
(g) y = 4 cos x
2
(h) y = 3 cos 2x
Solution:
(a) y = 2 cos x
dy
dx = 2 sin x
= cos5x
(b) y
Let u = cos x, then y = u5
du dy
dx = sin x and du = 5u4
From the chain rule
dy dy du
dx = du dx = 5u4 ( sin x ) = 5 cos4x sin x
5
(c) y = 6 cos 6x
dy 5 5 5
dx =6 6 sin 6x = 5 sin 6x
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\c3_8_g_1.html 3/9/2013
(d) y = 4 cos ( 3x + 2 )
dy
dx = 4 3 sin ( 3x + 2 ) = 12 sin ( 3x + 2 )
(e) y = cos 4x
dy
dx = 4 sin 4x
= 3 cos2x
(f) y
Let u = cos x, then y = 3u2
du dy
dx = sin x and du = 6u
From the chain rule
dy dy du
dx = du dx
= 6u ( sin x )
= 6 cos x sin x
= 3 ( 2 sin x cos x )
= 3 sin 2x (From the double angle formula)
1
(g) y = 4 cos 2x
dy 1 1 1
=4 2 sin 2 x = 2 sin 2 x
dx
(h) y = 3 cos 2x
dy
dx = 3 ( 2 sin 2x ) = 6 sin 2x
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\c3_8_g_1.html 3/9/2013
Solutionbank
Exercise H, Question 1
Question:
Differentiate:
(a) y = tan 3x
(b) y = 4 tan3x
(c) y = tan ( x 1 )
1 1
(d) y = x2 tan x + tan x 2
2
Solution:
(a) y = tan 3x
dy
dx = 3 sec23x
= 4 tan3x
(b) y
Let u = tan x, then y = 4u3
du dy
dx = sec2x and du = 12u2
From the chain rule
dy dy du
dx = du dx = 12u2 sec2x = 12 tan2x sec2x
(c) y = tan ( x 1 )
dy
dx = sec2 ( x 1 )
1 1
(d) y = x2 tan 2x + tan x 2

1
The first term is a product with u = x2 and v = tan 2x
du dv 1 2 1x
dx = 2x and dx = 2 sec 2
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\c3_8_h_1.html 3/9/2013
dy 2 1 2 1 x + tan 1 x 2x + sec2 x 1
= x sec
dx 2 2 2 2
1 2 2 1x 1 1
= x sec + 2x tan 2x + sec2 x 2
2 2
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\c3_8_h_1.html 3/9/2013
Solutionbank
Exercise I, Question 1
Question:
Differentiate
(a) cot 4x
(b) sec 5x
(c) cosec 4x
(d) sec
23x
(e) x cot 3x
sec2x
(f) x
(g) cosec
32x
(h) cot
2 ( 2x 1 )
Solution:
(a) y
= cot 4x
Let u = 4x, then y = cot u
du dy
dx = 4 and du = cosec2u
dy
dx = cosec2u 4 = 4 cosec24x (From the chain rule)
(b) y
= sec 5x
Let u = 5x, then y = sec u
du dy
dx = 5 and du = sec u tan u
dy
dx = 5 sec u tan u = 5 sec 5x tan 5x
(c) y
= cosec 4x
Let u = 4x, then y = cosec u
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\c3_8_i_1.html 3/9/2013
du dy
dx = 4 and du = cosec u cot u
dy
dx = 4 cosec u cot u = 4 cosec 4x cot 4x
= sec23x
(d) y
Let u = sec 3x, then y = u2
du dy
dx = 3 sec 3x tan 3x and du = 2u
From the chain rule
dy dy du
dx = du dx
= 2u 3 sec 3x tan 3x
= 2 sec 3x 3 sec 3x tan 3x
= 6 sec23x tan 3x
(e) y
= x cot 3x
This is a product so use the product formula.
Let u = x and v = cot 3x
du dv
dx = 1 and dx = 3 cosec23x
dy
dx = x ( 3 cosec23x ) + cot 3x 1 = cot 3x 3x cosec23x
sec2x
(f) y = x
This is a quotient so use the quotient rule.

Let u = sec2x and v = x
du dv
dx = 2 sec x ( sec x tan x ) and dx =1
dy x ( 2 sec2x tan x ) sec2x 1 sec2x ( 2x tan x 1 )
= =
dx x2 x2
= cosec32x
(g) y
Let u = cosec 2x, then y = u3
du dy
dx = 2 cosec 2x cot 2x and du = 3u2
From the chain rule
dy
dx
= 3u2 ( 2 cosec 2x cot 2x )
= 6 cosec22x cosec 2x cot 2x

= 6 cosec32x cot 2x
= cot2 ( 2x 1 )
(h) y
Let u = cot ( 2x 1 ) then y = u2
du dy
dx = 2 cosec2 ( 2x 1 ) and du = 2u
From the chain rule
dy
dx = 2u [ 2 cosec2 ( 2x 1 ) ] = 4 cot ( 2x 1 ) cosec2 ( 2x 1 )
Solutionbank
Exercise J, Question 1
Question:
(a) sin 3x
(b) cos 4x
(c) tan 5x
(d) sec 7x
(e) cosec 2x
(f) cot 3x
2x
(g) sin
5
3x
(h) cos
7
2x
(i) tan
5
x
(j) cosec
2
1
(k) cot x
3
3x
(l) sec
2
Solution:
(a) f ( x ) = sin 3x
f ( x ) = 3 cos 3x
(b) f ( x ) = cos 4x
f ( x ) = 4 sin 4x
file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\c3_8_j_1.html 3/9/2013
(c) f ( x ) = tan 5x
f ( x ) = 5 sec2 5x
(d) f ( x ) = sec 7x
f ( x ) = 7 sec 7x tan 7x
(e) f ( x ) = cosec 2x
f ( x ) = 2 cosec 2x cot 2x
(f) f ( x ) = cot 3x
f ( x ) = 3 cosec2 3x
2x
(g) f ( x ) = sin 5
2 2x
f ( x ) = 5 cos 5
3x
(h) f ( x ) = cos 7
3 3x
f ( x ) = 7 sin 7
2x
(i) f ( x ) = tan 5
2 2x
f ( x ) = 5 sec2 5
x
(j) f ( x ) = cosec 2
1 x x
f ( x ) = 2 cosec 2 cot 2
1
(k) f ( x ) = cot 3x
1 1
f ( x ) = 3 cosec2 3x
3x
(l) f ( x ) = sec 2
3 3x 3x
f ( x ) = 2 sec 2 tan 2
Solutionbank
Question:
(a) sin
2x
(b) cos
3x
(c) tan
4x
1
(d) ( sec x ) 2
(e) \ cot x
(f) cosec
2x
(g) sin
3x
(h) cos
4x
(i) tan
2x
(j) sec
3x
(k) cot
3x
(l) cosec
4x
Solution:
(a) f ( x ) = sin2x = ( sin x ) 2

f ( x ) = 2 ( sin x ) 1cos x = 2 sin x cos x = sin 2x
(b) f ( x ) = cos3x = ( cos x ) 3

f ( x ) = 3 ( cos x ) 2 ( sin x ) = 3 cos2x sin x
(c) f ( x ) = tan4x = ( tan x ) 4

f ( x ) = 4 ( tan x ) 3 ( sec2x ) = 4 tan3x sec2x
1
(d) f ( x ) = ( sec x ) 2
1 1 1 1
f ( x ) = ( sec x ) 2 sec x tan x = ( sec x ) 2 tan x
2 2
1
(e) f ( x ) = ( cot x ) 2
1 1 1 1
f ( x ) = ( cot x ) 2 ( cosec2x ) = ( cot x ) 2 cosec2x
2 2
(f) f ( x ) = cosec2x = ( cosec x ) 2

f ( x ) = 2 ( cosec x ) 1 ( cosec x cot x ) = 2 cosec2x cot x
(g) f ( x ) = ( sin x ) 3
f ( x ) = 3 ( sin x ) 2 cos x = 3 sin2x cos x
(h) f ( x ) = ( cos x ) 4
f ( x ) = 4 ( cos x ) 3 ( sin x ) = 4 cos3x sin x
(i) f ( x ) = ( tan x ) 2
f ( x ) = 2 tan x sec2x = 2 tan x sec2x
(j) f ( x ) = ( sec x ) 3
f ( x ) = 3 ( sec x ) 2 sec x tan x = 3 sec3x tan x
(k) f ( x ) = ( cot x ) 3
f ( x ) = 3 ( cot x ) 2 ( cosec2x ) = 3 cosec2x cot2x
(l) f ( x ) = ( cosec x ) 4
f ( x ) = 4 ( cosec x ) 3 ( cosec x cot x ) = 4 cosec 4x cot x
Solutionbank
Question:
(a)x cos x
(b) x
2 sec 3x
tan 2x
(c)
x
(d) sin
3x cos x
x2
(e) tan x
1 + sin x
(f)
cos x
(g) e
2x cos x
(h) e
x sec 3x
sin 3x
(i)
ex
(j) e
x sin2x
ln x
(k)
tan x
e sin x
(l)
cos x
Solution:
(a) f ( x ) = x cos x
f ( x ) = x ( sin x ) + cos x ( 1 ) (Product rule)
= x sin x + cos x
(b) f ( x ) = x2 sec 3x
f ( x ) = x2 ( 3 sec 3x tan 3x ) + sec 3x ( 2x ) (Product rule)
= x sec 3x ( 3x tan 3x + 2 )
tan 2x
(c) f (x) = x
x ( 2 sec 22x ) tan 2x ( 1 )

f ( x ) = (Quotient rule)
x2
2x sec22x tan 2x
=
x2
(d) f ( x ) = sin3x cos x

f ( x ) = sin3x ( sin x ) + cos x ( 3 sin2x cos x ) (Product rule)
= 3 sin2x cos2x sin4x
x2
(e) f (x) = tan x
tan x ( 2x ) x2 ( sec2x )
tan2x
2x tan x x2 sec2x
=
tan2x
1 + sin x
(f) f (x) = cos x
cos x ( cos x ) ( 1 + sin x ) ( sin x )

cos2x
cos2x + sin x + sin2x
=
cos2x
( cos2x + sin2x ) + sin x

= (Use cos2x + sin2x 1)
cos2x
1 + sin x
=
cos2x
(g) f ( x ) = e 2x cos x
f ( x ) = e 2x ( sin x ) + cos x ( 2e 2x ) (Product rule)
= e 2x ( 2 cos x sin x )
(h) f ( x ) = ex sec 3x
f ( x ) = ex ( 3 sec 3x tan 3x ) + sec 3x ( ex ) (Product rule)

= ex sec 3x ( 3 tan 3x + 1 )
sin 3x
(i) f (x) =
ex
ex ( 3 cos 3x ) sin 3x ( ex )
( ex ) 2
ex ( 3 cos 3x sin 3x )
=
( ex ) 2
3 cos 3x sin 3x
=
ex
(j) f ( x ) = ex sin2x
f ( x ) = ex ( 2 sin x cos x ) + sin2x ( ex ) (Product rule)
= ex sin x ( 2 cos x + sin x )
ln x
(k) f (x) = tan x
1
tan x ( ) ln x ( sec2x )
x
f ( x ) = tan2x
(Quotient rule)
tan x x sec2x ln x
= (Multiply numerator and denominator by x)
x tan2x
e sin x
(l) f (x) = cos x
cos x [ e sin x cos x ] e sin x ( sin x )

cos2x
e sin x ( cos2x + sin x )

=
cos2x
Solutionbank
Exercise K, Question 1
Question:
Differentiate with respect to x:
(a) ln x
2
(b) x
2 sin 3x
Solution:
(a) y = ln x2 = 2 ln x (This uses properties of logs)

dy 1 2
dx =2 x = x
Alternative method
dy f ( x )
When y = ln f ( x ) , dx = f(x) (From the chain rule)
dy 2x 2
y = ln x2 dx = = x
x2
(b) y = x
2 sin 3x
dy 2
dx = x ( 3 cos 3x ) + sin 3x ( 2x ) (Product rule)
= 3x2 cos 3x + 2x sin 3x

file://C:\Users\Buba\kaz\ouba\c3_8_k_1.html 3/9/2013
Solutionbank
Question:
Given that
x2 x
f(x) 3 4 + ln 2
, x>0
find f ( x ) .
Solution:
x2 x
f(x) =3 4 + ln 2
1
2x 2 x 1
f ( x ) = 0 4 + 1
= 2 + x
x
2
Solutionbank
Question:
dy
Given that 2y = x sin x cos x, show that dx
= sin2x.
Solution:
2y = x sin x cos x
x 1
y= 2 2 sin x cos x
dy 1 1 1
= sin x ( sin x ) + cos x cos x (Product rule)
dx 2 2 2
1 1 1
= 2 + 2 ( sin2x ) 2 cos2x
1 1
= 2 ( 1 cos2x ) + 2 sin2x
1 1
= 2 sin2x + 2 sin2x (Using cos2x + sin2x 1)
= sin2x
Solutionbank
Question:
Differentiate, with respect to x,

sin x
(a)
x
,x>0
1
(b) ln
x2 + 9
Solution:
sin x
(a) y = x
dy x cos x sin x 1
dx = (Using the quotient rule)
x2
x cos x sin x
=
x2
1
(b) y = ln = ln 1 ln ( x2 + 9 ) (Using laws of logarithms)
x2 +9
y = ln ( x2 + 9 )
dy 2x
dx =
x2 + 9
Solutionbank
Question:
Use the derivatives of sin x and cos x to prove that the derivative of tan x is sec2x.
Solution:
sin x
Let y = tan x = cos x
Use the quotient rule with u = sin x and v = cos x.
du dv
Then dx = cos x and dx = sin x
As
dy cos x cos x sin x ( sin x )

dx =
cos2x
cos2x + sin2x
= (Use cos2x + sin2x 1)
cos2x
1
=
cos2x
1
= sec2x As sec x = cos x

So derivative of tan x is sec2x.
Solutionbank
Question:
x
f(x) = ,x
x2 +2
Find the set of values of x for which f ( x ) < 0 .
Solution:
x
f(x) =
x2 + 2
( x2 + 2 ) ( 1 ) x ( 2x ) x2 + 2 2x2 2 x2
f ( x ) = = =
( x2 + 2 ) 2 ( x2 + 2 ) 2 ( x2 + 2 ) 2
2 x2
When f ( x ) < 0 , <0
( x2 + 2 ) 2
2 x2 < 0 [ As ( x2 + 2 ) 2 > 0 ]
x2 > 2
x < 2, x > 2
Solutionbank
Question:
The function f is defined for positive real values of x by

3
f ( x ) = 12 ln x x 2
Write down the set of values of x for which f(x) is an increasing function of x
.
Solution:
3
f ( x ) = 12 ln x x 2
1 3 1
f ( x ) = 12 x 2x
2
When f(x) is an increasing function, f ( x ) > 0 .

12 3 1
x 2x
2 >0
12 3 1
x > 2x
2
As x > 0, multiply both sides by x to give

3 1 1
12 > 2x
2
3
x 2 <8
2
x<83
i.e. x < 4
Solutionbank
Question:
Given that y = cos 2x + sin x, 0 < x < 2, and x is in radians, find, to 2 decimal
dy
places, the values of x for which dx
= 0.
Solution:
y = cos 2x + sin x
dy
dx = 2 sin 2x + cos x
dy
Put dx =0
cos x 2 sin 2x = 0
cos x 4 sin x cos x = 0 (Using double angle formula)
i.e. cos x ( 1 4 sin x ) = 0 .
1
cos x = 0 or sin x = 4
x = 1.57 or 4.71 or 0.25 or 2.89

Solutionbank
Question:
The maximum point on the curve with equation y = x\ sin x, 0 < x < , is the
point A. Show that the x-coordinate of point A satisfies the equation
2 tan x + x = 0.
Solution:
y = x\ sin x
1 1
dy 1
=x ( sin x ) 2 cos x + ( sin x ) 2 1
dx 2
dy
At the maximum point, dx = 0.
x 1 1
( sin x ) 2 cos x + ( sin x ) 2 =0
2
1
Multiply equation by 2 ( sin x ) 2 :
x cos x + 2 sin x = 0
Divide equation by cos x:
x + 2 tan x = 0
Solutionbank
Question:
f ( x ) = e 0.5x x2, x
(a) Find f ( x ) .
(b)By evaluating f ( 6 ) and f ( 7 ) , show that the curve with equation y = f

( x ) has a stationary point at x = p, where 6 < p < 7.
Solution:
( x ) = e 0.5x x2
(a) f
f ( x ) = 0.5e 0.5x 2x
(b) f ( 6 ) = 1.96 < 0

f ( 7 ) = 2.56 > 0
As the sign changes and the function is continuous, f ( x ) = 0 has a root p
where 6 < p < 7.
So y = f ( x ) has a stationary point at x = p.
Solutionbank
Question:
f ( x ) e 2x sin 2x, 0 x
Use calculus to find the coordinates of the turning points on the graph of
(a)
y=f(x) .
(b) Show that f ( x ) = 8e 2x cos 2x.
(c)Hence, or otherwise, determine which turning point is a maximum and which

is a minimum.
Solution:
( x ) = e 2x sin 2x
(a) f
f ( x ) = e 2x ( 2 cos 2x ) + sin 2x ( 2e 2x )
When f ( x ) = 0, 2e 2x ( cos 2x + sin 2x ) = 0
sin 2x = cos 2x
Divide both sides by cos 2x:
tan 2x = 1
3 7
2x = 4 or 4
3 7
x= 8 or 8 (As 0 x )
3 1 3
As y = f ( x ) , when x = 8 ,y= 2e
4
7 1 7
and when x = 8 ,y= 2 e 4
3 1 7
3 1 7
So , 2e
4 and , 2e
4 are stationary values.
8 8
(b)As f ( x ) = 2e 2x ( cos 2x + sin 2x )

f ( x ) = 2e 2x ( 2 sin 2x + 2 cos 2x ) + 4e 2x ( cos 2x + sin 2x )
= 8e 2x cos 2x
3 3
3 3
(c) f = 8e 4 cos = 4 2e 4 <0
8 4
3
3 1
maximum at , 2e
4
8
7 7
7 7
f = 8e 4 cos = + 4 2e 4 >0
8 4
7 1 7
minimum at , 2e
4 .
8
Solutionbank
Question:
The curve C has equation y = 2ex + 3x2 + 2. The point A with coordinates (0, 4)
lies on C. Find the equation of the tangent to C at A.
Solution:
y = 2ex + 3x2 + 2
dy
dx = 2ex + 6x
At the point A (0, 4), x = 0, so the gradient of the tangent at A is 2e0 + 6 0 = 2.

the equation of the tangent at A is
y4=2(x0)
i.e. y = 2x + 4
Solutionbank
Question:
The curve C has equation y = f ( x ) , where

1
f ( x ) = 3 ln x + x
, x>0
The point P is a stationary point on C.
Calculate the x-coordinate of P.

(a)
The point Q on C has x-coordinate 1.
(b) Find an equation for the normal to C at Q.
Solution:
1
(a) f ( x ) = 3 ln x + x
3 1
f ( x ) = x
x2
3 1
When f ( x ) = 0, x =0
x2
Multiply equation by x2:
3x 1 = 0
3x = 1
1
x= 3
1
So the x-coordinate of the stationary point P is 3 .
At the point Q, x = 1. y = f ( 1 ) = 1
(b)
The gradient of the curve at point Q is f ( 1 ) = 3 1 = 2 .
1
So the gradient of the normal to the curve at Q is 2.
1
the equation of the normal is y 1 = 2 (x1)
1 1
i.e. y = 2x +1 2
Solutionbank
Question:
Differentiate e 2x cos x with respect to x.

The curve C has equation y = e 2x cos x.
(a) Show that the turning points on C occur when tan x = 2.
(b) Find an equation of the tangent to C at the point where x = 0.
Solution:
Let f ( x ) = e 2x cos x
Then f ( x ) = e 2x ( sin x ) + cos x ( 2e 2x )
The turning points occur when f ( x ) = 0.

(a)
e 2x ( 2 cos x sin x ) = 0
sin x = 2 cos x
Divide both sides by cos x:
tan x = 2
(b)When x = 0, y = f ( 0 ) = e0 cos 0 = 1
The gradient of the curve at (0, 1) is f ( 0 ) .
f ( 0 ) = 0 + 2 = 2
This is the gradient of the tangent at (0, 1) also.
So the equation of the tangent at (0, 1) is
y1=2(x0)
y = 2x + 1
Solutionbank
Question:
Given that x = y2 ln y, y > 0,

dx
(a) find dy
dy
(b) use your answer to part (a) to find in terms of e, the value of dx
at y = e.
Solution:
= y2 ln y
(a) x
Use the product rule to give
dx 1
= y2 + ln y 2y = y + 2y ln y
dy y
dy 1 1
(b) dx = = y + 2y ln y
dx
dy
when y = e,
dy 1 1
dx = e + 2e ln e = 3e
Solutionbank
Question:
The figure shows part of the curve C with equation y = f ( x ) , where f ( x )

3 x
= x 2x e

Find f ( x ) .
(a)
The normal to C at the origin O intersects C at a point P, as shown in the figure.
Show that the x-coordinate of P is the solution of the equation

(b)
2x2 = ex + 4.
Solution:
( x ) = ( x3 2x ) e x
(a) f
f ( x ) = ( x3 2x ) ( e x ) + e x ( 3x2 2 ) = e x
( x3 + 3x2 + 2x 2 )
(b) The gradient of the curve at (0, 0) is f ( 0 ) = 2

1
The normal at the origin has gradient 2 .
1
So the equation of the normal at the origin is y = 2x
This normal meets the curve y = ( x3 2x ) e x at the point P.

the x-coordinate of P satisfies
1
2x = ( x3 2x ) e x
Multiply both sides by 2ex:

xex = 2x3 4x
Divide both sides by x and rearrange to give
2x2 = ex + 4
Solutionbank
Question:
The diagram shows part of the curve with equation y = f ( x ) where

f ( x ) = x ( 1 + x ) ln x { x > 0 {
The point A is the minimum point of the curve.
(a) Find f ( x ) .
(b)Hence show that the x-coordinate of A is the solution of the equation x = g

( x ) , where
1+x
g(x) =e 1 + 2x
Solution:
(a) f ( x ) = x ( 1 + x ) ln x = ( x + x2 ) ln x
1
f ( x ) = ( x + x2 ) x + ln x ( 1 + 2x ) = ( 1 + x ) + ( 1 + 2x ) ln x
A is the minimum point on the curve y = f ( x )

(b)
f ( x ) = 0 at point A.
( 1 + x ) + ( 1 + 2x ) ln x = 0
( 1 + 2x ) ln x = ( 1 + x )
1+x
ln x = 1 + 2x
1+x
x=e 1 + 2x
1+x
i.e. the x-coordinate of A is a solution of x = g ( x ) where g ( x ) = e 1 + 2x .

Solutionbank: Edexcel AS and A Level Modular Mathematics

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Heinemann Solutionbank: Core Maths 3 C3 Page 1 of 3

(a) Let u = 1 + 2x, then y = u4

(b) Let u = 3 2x2 then y = u 5

Using the chain rule,

(d) Let u = 6x + x2, then y = u7

Using the chain rule,

(g) Let u = 2 + 8x, then y = 4u4

(h) Let u = 8 x, then y = 3u 6

Using the chain rule,

Pearson Education Ltd 2008

Pearson Education Ltd 2008

Let u = 5 2x, then y = u3

Pearson Education Ltd 2008

Pearson Education Ltd 2008

Pearson Education Ltd 2008

= ( 1 + 3x2 ) 2 [ 36x2 + 2 ( 1 + 3x2 ) ]

Pearson Education Ltd 2008

Pearson Education Ltd 2008

Substitute values for x into y = ( x 2 ) 2 ( 2x + 3 ) .

Pearson Education Ltd 2008

(a) Let u = 5x and v = x + 1

(b) Let u = 2x and v = 3x 2

(c) Let u = x + 3 and v = 2x + 1

(d) Let u = 3x2 and v = ( 2x 1 ) 2

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Pearson Education Ltd 2008

Pearson Education Ltd 2008

(a) Let y = e 2x, then y = et where t = 2x

By the chain rule

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Pearson Education Ltd 2008

Pearson Education Ltd 2008

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Pearson Education Ltd 2008

Pearson Education Ltd 2008

9x3e 3x 6x2e 3x + 2xe 3x

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Find the function f ( x ) where f(x) is

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Pearson Education Ltd 2008

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Pearson Education Ltd 2008

This is a quotient so use the quotient rule.

= 6 cosec22x cosec 2x cot 2x

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Find the function f ( x ) where f(x) is

Pearson Education Ltd 2008

Find the function f ( x ) where f(x) is

(a) f ( x ) = sin2x = ( sin x ) 2

(b) f ( x ) = cos3x = ( cos x ) 3

(c) f ( x ) = tan4x = ( tan x ) 4

(f) f ( x ) = cosec2x = ( cosec x ) 2

Find the function f ( x ) where f(x) is

x ( 2 sec 22x ) tan 2x ( 1 )

(d) f ( x ) = sin3x cos x

cos x ( cos x ) ( 1 + sin x ) ( sin x )

( cos2x + sin2x ) + sin x

f ( x ) = ex ( 3 sec 3x tan 3x ) + sec 3x ( ex ) (Product rule)

cos x [ e sin x cos x ] e sin x ( sin x )

e sin x ( cos2x + sin x )

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Differentiate with respect to x:

(a) y = ln x2 = 2 ln x (This uses properties of logs)