FILTRATION DEFINITION

A PROCESS IN WHICH SOLIDS ARE SEPARATED FROM A FLUID BY

PASSING THE SUSPENSION THROUGH A POROUS MEDIUM (FILTER
MEDIUM) THAT IS PERMEABLE ONLY TO THE FLUID.
APPLICATION

GAS-SOLID SEPARATION
SEPARATION OF LIQUID MIST FROM GASES
LIQUID-SOLID SEPARATION (IN SYLLABUS)
 Volume of filtrate collected per unit time is termed as rate of filtration.


As filtration continues: particles accumulate on the filter medium; forming a layer of solids on
the surface called as filter cake.
CLASSIFICATION OF FILTRATION EQUIPMENT'S
Classification

Mechanical
Objective Operation cycle Driving force Nature of solids
arrangement

Desired product Filter cloth in

Batch Gravity Compressible
filter cake series

Filter leaves
Desired pdt
Continuous Vacuum dipped Incompressible
clarified filtrate
individually

Pressure Rotating drum

Centrifugal
force
FACTOR FOR SELECTING FILTRATION EQUIPMENT
Properties of the fluid - viscosity, density, corrosive nature
Nature of solids size, shape, size distribution, packing characteristics
Concentration of solids in slurry
Quality of material and value
Whether valuable product is solid, liquid or both
Requirement of washing of filtered solids
Whether feed liquor preheating required
A BATCH FILTRATION CYCLE
FILTRATION
DRAINING THE LIQUID
FILLING WITH WASH WATER
WASHING
DRAINING THE WASH WATER
OPENING, DUMPING AND REASSEMBLING
FILLING WITH SLURRY
FACTORS AFFECTING RATE OF FILTRATION
PRESSURE DROP
AREA OF FILTERING SURFACE
VISCOSITY OF FILTRATE
RESISTANCE OFFERED BY FILTER CAKE ()
Resistance offered by filter medium (Rm)
FILTER MEDIA REQUIREMENTS
IT MUST RETAIN SOLID
MUST NOT PLUG
MUST BE CHEMICALLY INERT AND MECHANICALLY STABLE
MUST PERMIT EASY CLEANING AND EASY DISCHARGE
MUST BE CHEAP
PLATE AND FRAME FILTER PRESS Video