Rockwell Autoamtion TechED 2017 - AP22 - Bussmann by Eaton Short Circuit Currents and Their Impact On Electrical Equipment and SCCR

AP22 - Bussmann by Eaton
Short Circuit Currents and Their Impact on Electrical Equipment and SCCR
June 2017
PUBLIC
Rockwell Automation TechED 2017 @ROKTechED #ROKTechED Copyright 2017 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 1
What is SCCR?
SCCR = Short-Circuit Current Rating
PUBLIC Rockwell Automation TechED 2017 @ROKTechED #ROKTechED Copyright 2017 Rockwell Automation, Inc. All Rights Reserved. 2
100, Short Circuit Current Rating
The prospective symmetrical fault current at a nominal voltage to which

an apparatus or system is able to be connected without sustaining
damage exceeding defined acceptance criteria. (CMP-10)


Short Circuit Current Rating (SCCR)
Is NOT Interrupting Rating

Also known by other slang industry terms
Component Protection
Withstand rating
An SCCR may be dependent upon a specific upstream OCPD
Short-Circuit Current Ratings
Definitions:
Transformer Short circuit An electrical current across an unintended path, often resulting in very large current with
potential to harm personnel or damage to equipment.
Short-circuit current the amount of current able to be delivered during a short-circuit event. Also known
as available fault current.
Conductors
SCCR: The ability of equipment to safely withstand a short-
Machinery/equipment 5,000 amps
circuit is defined by its Short-Circuit Current Rating,
or SCCR.
The amount of short-circuit current depends on short-circuit

A short-circuit current that exceeds the
current:
several factors, with the most influential being 20,000 amps equipment short-circuit current rating may result
the upstream transformer and the conductors. in harm to personnel or damage outside the
Most machinery or equipment has an electrical control equipment.
panel that houses the devices that operate and protect the
elements (such as motors, heaters, lighting, solenoids, etc.)
that do the work in the equipment/machine.
Inadequate Short-Circuit Protection
Before and after examples of a breaker
where the fault current exceeded its
interrupting rating.
The extent of impact following a short-circuit varies based on many factors,

but impact can include up to the following:
explosions that extend outside the enclosure, resulting exposure to arc
flash
flying debris
shock hazard
Example of a misapplied motor starter

where the fault current exceeds its short-
circuit current rating.
Current Limitation
Ipeak Fault current that would flow with A Current Limiting
overcurrent protective device
Reduced Peak Let-Thru
Current
Peak Let-Thru
of Fuse
Tc
Total Clearing Time
of Fuse
Current Limitation
Example 1
45,000 sym rms amps available, 500V
Simulating 1 cycle opening overcurrent protective

device
90 feet 2/0 AWG total
26,000A
Approximate short-circuit current flow
X (due to conductor impedance)
Current Limitation
Approximately 26,000A Short-Circuit: 90 ft 2/0 AWG
Non-Current Limiting (1 cycle clearing)
Current Limitation
45,000 sym rms amps available, 500V
Example 2
LPS-RK-200SPI
200A Class RK1 fuse
90 feet 2/0 AWG total
26,000A
Approximate short-circuit current flow possible
X (due to conductor impedance)
Current Limitation
200A Low-Peak Fuse 90 ft 2/0 AWG
Current Limitation
Example 1 Results 1 cycle clearing
IP let-thru = 48.1 kA
I2t = 15,700,000 A2sec
Example 2 Results current-limiting LPS-RK-200SPI

IP let-thru = 10.2 kA
I2t = 127,500 A2sec
Conductor whip results because of the mechanical forces due to magnetic effect of fault current.
The maximum mechanical force is directly proportion to the instantaneous peak current (IP). Test
5 illustrates the reduction in mechanical forces versus that of Test 4. The reduction in force by
use of the 200A current-limiting fuse is (10.2/48.1)2; which is approximately 1/25.
SCCR Application Problem
SCCR And The NEC
Requirements where marking SCCR on equipment is mandatory
409.110(4) Industrial Control Panels
430.8 Motor Controllers
430.98 Motor Control Centers
440.4(B) Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Equipment
620.16(A) Elevator Control Panel
670.3(A)(4) Industrial Machinery
700.5(E) Transfer Equipment for Emergency Systems
701.5(D) Transfer Equipment for Legally Required and Standby Systems
702.5 Transfer Equipment for Optional Standby Ssytems
708.24(E) Transfer Equipment for Critical Operations Power Systems
NEC 2017 SCCR Change

SCCR And The NEC
Requirements where either marking available short-circuit current or

documentation of that value at equipment is mandatory
110.24 Service Entrance Equipment
409.22(B) Industrial Control Panels
440.10(B) Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Equipment
620.51(D)(2) Elevator Control Panels
670.5(2) Industrial Machinery

SCCR And The NEC
Requirements where equipment SCCR ratings must be greater than the

available short circuit current
110.10 Circuit Impedance, Short-Circuit Current Rating, and other
Characteristics
409.22(A) Industrial Control Panels
440.10(A) Air Conditioning & Refrigeration Equipment
620.16(B) Elevator Control Panels
670.5(1) Industrial Machinery
Tips on using current-limiting devices
SCCR is much easier and cost-effective to address in the DESIGN phase as opposed to the
INSTALLATION phase.
1
Know the range of potential fault currents where your equipment may be installed.
2
Design equipment for worst case or with an alternate BOM to address worst-case SCCR.
3
Use available tools to assist in calculation, addressing weak spots, and documenting
SCCR.
Success Story: Wafer Grinding Machine
Pharmacy Retail
Case Study - Major Pharmacy Retail
Store
SCCR: 5,000
amps
Inadequate SCCR on installation of new refrigeration equipment required significant effort to resolve, resulting in delays
and larger project costs.
No requirement in equipment spec.
Standard equipment was rated 5 kA.
Actual fault current calculated was 35.5 kA.
Inspector failed installation inspection.
Raising SCCR required changing out most components.
OEM elected to install isolation transformer to lower fault current.
Inadequate SCCR resulted in larger project costs, a delayed opening of the store and subsequent lost revenue.
Increasing the SCCR of a wafer

grinding machine
Challenge: Wafer grinding machine design rated at 5 kA SCCR. Application fault currents range from 5 kA to 65 kA. Customer needed a
solution that met the full range of application needs with minimal impact to the existing design, including space requirements and cost.
Analysis:
Panel A qualified for a 65 kA rating. SCCR SYM: 65kA
Panel B contained servo drives with 5 kA SCCR and miniature 65kASCCR
circuit breakers with 10 kA interrupting rating.

No current-limiting devices upstream, thus, current-limiting rules
cannot be applied.
Panel B is rated 5 kA SCCR.
SCCR SYM: 5kA
5kASCCR
Analysis:
Servo drives rated 18 kA with specified fuse. SCCR SYM: 65kA
Miniature circuit breakers replaced with Compact Circuit
Protectors containing Class CC or CF fuses.
Panel rating raised to 18 kA SCCR.
Still not adequate for full range of fault currents.
SCCR SYM: 18kA
Compact Circuit Protector with class

CC and CF fuse
Analysis:
The 60 A circuit breaker in the feeder (Panel A) is
SCCR SYM: 65kA
not current-limiting.
A current-limiting device can be substituted to
achieve a higher SCCR:
60 A Class J fuse with let-through of 10 kA
at a fault current of 100 kA. Applying
SB4.3.3 and SB4.3.4, the servo drives
raised from 18 kA to 100 kA.
SCCR SYM: 65 kA when fed by 60 A Type
Current-limiting type EGC 60 A circuit
EGC circuit breaker
breaker let-through of 17 kA at a fault
current of 65 kA. Applying SB4.3.2 and
SB4.3.4, the servo drives raised from 18 kA
to 65 kA.
Solution: Customer developed the option to offer three different SCCR solutions to their customers
with minimal changes to components and no additional space requirements.
65 kA SCCR Solution using a current limiting
5 kA SCCR Solution Panel A 18 kA SCCR Solution Panel A feeder Panel A
Standard design Changes: Changes:
Compact Circuit Type EGC current-
Protector with Class limiting circuit
CC or CF fuse breaker
Compact Circuit
Protector with Class
CC or CF fuse
Panel B Panel B Panel B
Increasing the SCCR of a vertical

seal machine
Case Study Vertical Seal Machine
An OEM approached Bussmann by Eaton for assistance with determining
the SCCR of their vertical form fill seal machine, and suggestions on how it
could be raised to 65 kA.
The Bussmann series product Application Engineering team provided a free
SCCR analysis.
The team performed an SCCR analysis and determined the panels design
possessed just a 5 kA SCCR.
The team applied the component SCCRs based on the circuit protective
devices used, as well as the impact of the current limiting devices in the
circuit. The analysis revealed the following, identifying which components
must be addressed to achieve the desired 65 kA equipment SCCR value:
1) The miniature circuit breakers/supplementary protectors, rated at 10 kA
must be replaced with overcurrent protective devices having an interrupting
rating not less than 65 kA and with comparable dimensions.
Power Circuit
Power Circuit
Initial analysis reveals weak links that must be addressed

to achieve the desired 65 kA.
Option 2 was selected as it met all of the
design needs for this application
Considering the size, functionality and
costs of these existing components, the
Bussmann series Compact Circuit
Protector (CCP) solution, with KTK-R
Class CC fuses, provided the best
solution when compared with a molded
case circuit breaker or a fuse and fuse
block solution.
This component substitution not only
raised the interrupting rating to 200 kA, it
did so without any significant impact on
costs or the panel layout.
must be addressed to achieve the desired 65 kA equipment SCCR value :
2) The Kinetix 5500 servos had a 5 kA rating as applied. The presence of
the current-limiting 30 amp Class J fuse in the feeder circuit is not able to
improve the 5 kA rating. This required further investigation to resolve
Rockwell Automation Kinetix 5500 Servo Drives.
The design consisted of the Kinetix model 2198-

H040-ERS, 2198-H025-ERS, 2198-H015-ERS and
2198-H008-ERS servo drives, which have a 200 kA
SCCR value when applied with a specified
overcurrent protective device.
As applied in the existing design, the servos being
fed by a single circuit breaker resulted in a 5 kA
SCCR value.
Rockwell Automation Kinetix 5500 Servo Drives.
As per the servo instruction manual, the circuit was

reconfigured, and protected by the specified fuse.
All except the 40 A servo drives were fed by UL 98
Listed Compact Circuit Protector disconnect
switches using several ampacities of Bussmann
series KTK-R Class CC fuses.
The 40 A servo drives were fed with Bussmann
series Low-Peak LPJ-35SP Class J fuses.
must be addressed to achieve the desired 65 kA equipment SCCR value :
3) Although the power circuit components downstream of the power
transformer had SCCRs less than 65 kA, the presence of the 10 kVA power
transformer helped achieve the desired 65 kA equipment SCCR.
The Bussmann series product Application Engineering team researched
design solutions to address the weak links limiting the panels SCCR below
65 kA, starting with the miniature circuit breakers/supplementary protectors.
Considering the size, functionality and costs of these existing components,
the Bussmann series Compact Circuit Protector (CCP) solution, with KTK-R
Class CC fuses, provided the best solution when compared with a molded
case circuit breaker or a fuse and fuse block solution. This component
substitution not only raised the interrupting rating to 200 kA, it did so without
any significant impact on costs or the panel layout
How is SCCR Determined?
Established during UL testing and labeled appropriately as a

component or assembly SCCR
Established default SCCR
Found by an approved method of analysis
UL 508A Supplement SB
Assembly SCCR
UL508A Supplement SB (SPD pg. 82-101)
Sweep 1
Each power circuit component is analyzed
Ex. PDBs, Busbars, Disconnects
Sweep 2
Each power circuit OCPD is analyzed
Ex. Fuses, Circuit Breakers
Lowest Rated device or component will be the panel SCCR
Assembly SCCR
Each component and OCPD is analyzed to determine the assembly

or panel SCCR
UL508A Supplement SB (SPD pg. 89)
Default SCCR
UL508A Table SB4.1

Used when SCCR is not
labeled on the component
Also used as a stand-
alone rating
SPD pg.85
Combination SCCR
The maximum short circuit current a component can withstand safely when
protected by an overcurrent protective device
Higher SCCR can be achieved by using a current limiting fuse in
combination
Ex. PDBs, Starters, Contactors
Application Example 1
Application calls for a power distribution block to be rated to the
available short circuit current of 50kA where it is connected to the
system
Problem: The PDBFS204 is only rated to 10kA by itself
Application Example 1 cont.
Solution: Apply a current limiting fuse upstream from the PDBFS204
to achieve a 200kA combination SCCR
Tested combination ratings located on data sheet #1049 or pg. 325 of
FLC:
Application Example 2
Customer has a receptacle installed in their industrial control panel
that is limiting the assembly SCCR to below the 35kA panel rating that
is needed. How can we achieve a higher SCCR for the panel?
Solution:
Control transformer is 5kVA or less with 120V secondary voltage and
the lowest SCCR component of this circuit is 2kA (SPD pg.85)
Therefore, the transformer primary OCPD can be applied as the sub-
feeds overall SCCR. 14kA.
This still doesnt meet the

customers requirements!
Final Solution:
Substitute a current limiting fuse in place of the primary circuit
breaker to achieve a final branch SCCR of 200kA
Equipment with Marked SCCR Rotary
Disconnect Switches
Open and enclosed disconnects are readily available in
fused and non-fused solutions Leverage flexibility and
Fused: 30-800A
convenience to make point-
Non-Fused: 16-1200A
of-use configuration easy
When using enclosed disconnects understand NEMA
enclosure ratings (1, 3R, 12, 4, 4X Stainless, and 4X
Plastic)
Most disconnect switches can be operated with a front, side,
flange or direct handle
Modular accessories are important for flexible design
solutions and consistency
Branch Circuit Disconnects must be UL 98 or UL 489 Listed
for UL 508 Listed for Motor Disconnect Applications
Equipment with Marked SCCR
Terminal Blocks & Power Distribution Blocks
Terminal Blocks
UL & IEC
High SCCR
Branch Circuit Spacings Even terminal blocks and power distribution blocks
Had to be reviewed and modified.
Power Distribution Blocks Considerations in selecting solutions for these

applications important for success!
High SCCR.
Feeder (larger) spacings.
UL Listed.
Equipment with Marked SCCR
Class J Power Distribution Fuse Block
SCCR tools and resources
How much SCCR do I need?
Which components have SCCR?
FC2 Available Fault Current Calculator
Calculates fault current SCCR Protection Suite
FREE in app store for iPhone or Android Locates components with desired SCCR
Narrow results by setting part preferences
FREE go to sccr.eaton.com
Where can I get additional help?

Technical support
Phone, email or visit
855-BUSSMANN
FuseTech@eaton.com
Free SCCR analysis
Free training
More information
www.eaton.com/sccr
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Rockwell Autoamtion TechED 2017 - AP22 - Bussmann by Eaton Short Circuit Currents and Their Impact On Electrical Equipment and SCCR

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AP22 - Bussmann by Eaton

SCCR = Short-Circuit Current Rating

The prospective symmetrical fault current at a nominal voltage to which

The prospective symmetrical fault current at a nominal voltage to which

The prospective symmetrical fault current at a nominal voltage to which

Is NOT Interrupting Rating

The amount of short-circuit current depends on short-circuit

The extent of impact following a short-circuit varies based on many factors,

Example of a misapplied motor starter

Simulating 1 cycle opening overcurrent protective

90 feet 2/0 AWG total

90 feet 2/0 AWG total

Example 2 Results current-limiting LPS-RK-200SPI

NEC 2017 SCCR Change

Requirements where either marking available short-circuit current or

NEC 2017 SCCR Change

Requirements where equipment SCCR ratings must be greater than the

Increasing the SCCR of a wafer

circuit breakers with 10 kA interrupting rating.

SCCR SYM: 18kA

Compact Circuit Protector with class

Panel B Panel B Panel B

Increasing the SCCR of a vertical

Initial analysis reveals weak links that must be addressed

Rockwell Automation Kinetix 5500 Servo Drives.

The design consisted of the Kinetix model 2198-

Rockwell Automation Kinetix 5500 Servo Drives.

As per the servo instruction manual, the circuit was

Established during UL testing and labeled appropriately as a

Each component and OCPD is analyzed to determine the assembly

UL508A Table SB4.1

This still doesnt meet the

Power Distribution Blocks Considerations in selecting solutions for these

Where can I get additional help?

Download the ROKTechED app and login:

Username: Last name

Locate the session in the Schedule icon

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