VIII.

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY:
Acute Gastroenteritis
Etiology Risk Factor
Bacterial Infection Age (infanys, very elderly)
Poor immune system
Poor sanitation
Poor hygiene
Diet (contaminated foods)

Ingestion of contaminated foods

Entry of large amounts of pathogens in the GI tract

Exposure of pathogens to gastric acid

Release of toxins in the GI tract

Circulation of toxins in the body ↑ intramural pressure of the intestine ↑activity of organisms to digested food ↑consumption of nutrients

Recognition of toxins in the body

Perforation of ↑ production of gas by product cellular deprivation of nutrients
Intestinal lining
Histamine prostaglandin release of
Release release pyrogen rupture of capillaries excess gas formation cell starvation

↑peristaltic movement irritation of the bleeding flatulence muscle wasting hunger weakness
Hypothalamus

Alteration in melena weight loss

thermoregulation

Frequent defecation Fever

↓H2O absorption Compression of nerve endings

Watery stool fluid loss Release of prostaglandin

signal to the brain

Loss of fluid dehydration pain perception

electrolytes

↓myocardial contractility ↓urine poor skin sunken dry mucus thirst hypovolemic
Output turgor eyeballs membrane shock
Ischemia
Dysrhytmias
MI cardiac death
Output