INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

3 COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER
COMPUTER
An electronic device that helps people perform 1. HARDWARE
different tasks. refer to all machinery and equipment in
a programmable, multiuse machine that process or a computer system.
accept data into information. devices in the computer that can be seen and touch.
A device that manipulates data according to a set of objects that you can actually touch, like disks, disk
instructions. drives, display screens, keyboards, printers, boards,
and chips
ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER
Speed A. Input Device is a peripheral device through
Reliability which data entered is transformed into machine
Consistency
Storage Ex. Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Fax Machine,
Communication Pointing Device, USB & etc.

DISADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER B. Memory

An area of a computer which stores data
Violation of privacy Enables a computer to store, at least
Impact on labor force temporarily, data and programs.
Health risks Main memory (RAM), electronic, fast, volatile,
Impact on environment expensive, holds data currently in use.

Types of Memory
COMPUTER SYSTEM
refers to all components that contribute in making the 1. RAM Random Access Memory (temporary)
computer a useful tool.
combination of hardware, software & storage is the temporary memory where the computer read
data for the current processing task.
DATA consists of raw facts and figures that are It holds the data that is being manipulated by the
processed into information. CPU until it is moved to a permanent memory store
such as a disk.
INFORMATION data that has been summarized for Example: when you create a document (such as a
decision making. letter), the document is stored in your computers
RAM until you save it to disk.
TYPES OF COMPUTER

1 MICROCOMPUTER (Portable Computer or 2. ROM Read Only Memory (Permanent)

Personal Computer)
the PC is the most common type of computer used
in the office, and is also now widely used in many
homes
Examples: Desktop computers, video game consoles,
laptop computers, tablet PCs,
the computer can read its contents but cannot write
to the contents of memory.
holds permanent information such as the software
that enables the components in your computer to
communicate with each other. It cannot usually be
deleted or overwritten.

2. MINICOMPUTER
C. CPU Central Processing Unit
lower to mainframe computer in terms of speed and
storage capacity CPU is an acronym that stands for central
processing unit.
less expensive and some features of mainframes
will not be available in mini computer responsible for performing all of the mathematical
calculations that are required for a computer to
3. MAIN FRAME function properly.
large and expensive computer capable of supporting
hundreds, or even thousands, of users CPU as the "brains" of a computer.
simultaneously
often used by large corporate and government data
processing departments
 Component of CPU: Programmers also conceive, design, and test logical
structures for solving problems by computer.
a. CU Control Unit. It controls the flow of the
information
C. User / Operator user of the program.
b. ALU Arithmetic Logic Unit. It performs all
mathematical and logical functions.

Standard Parts of System Unit

3. SOFTWARE
Power supply
collection of data
Ports
program install in the computer that tells the
Video card
hardware what to do
Drive bays
Programs and data that a computer uses
Processor
Memory
Sound card Kinds of Software Program
1. System Program it helps the computer perform
D. OUTPUT DEVICE is a device that receives and/or essential operating tasks.
displays output from a computer
Ex. Monitor, Printer ex. MS Windows, Visual Basic & etc.

2. Application Program a software that has been

2. PEOPLEWARE
refer to anything that has to do with the role of
people in the development or use of computer
software and hardware systems
developed to solved a particular problem, perform
useful work and provide entertainment.
ex. Word, excel, powerpoint, & etc.

Kinds of Peopleware:

A. System Analysts
responsible for researching, planning, coordinating
and recommending software and system choices to
meet an organization's business requirements
the one identifies problem and find solution to the
problem and designing the solution.

A systems analyst performs the following tasks:

Interact with the customers to know their

requirements

Interact with designers to convey the possible

interface of the software

Interact/guide the coders/developers to keep track of

system development

Perform system testing with sample/live data with

the help of testers

Implement the new system

Prepare High quality Documentation

B. Programmer
Computer programmers can write, test, debug, and
maintain the detailed instructions, called computer
programs, that computers must follow to perform their
functions.