ASSESSMENT OF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION IN INFANT MORTALITY FROM THE

PERSPECTIVE OF MORTALITY RISK FACTORS IN DOMPU REGENCY 2015-2016

Background Infant mortality is a death that occurs in a baby from immediately after delivery to
the baby less than five years of age. Infant mortality rate in Dompu regency has tended to
increase from 6 per 1000 birts in 2013 to 9 per 1000 births in 2015. This study aimed to explain
spatial distribution of the infant mortality from the perspective of risk factors and to explain the
risk factors.

Method: The study applied a case-control research design, using 74 respondents (30 case
respondents and 30 control respondents). The respondents were selected after they had
qualified inclusion and exclusion criteria. The case under the study consisted of infants who did
not survive their fifth birthdays. Research data were subject to a spatial data analysis using an
ArcGIS 10.1 software and chi-square and logistic regression statistics.

Results: Spatial analysis indicates an area severely vulnerable to under 5 year old infant
deaths. The observation took place in the area under the service of Rasabou, Ranggo, and
Dompu Barat Public Health Centers. Risk factors under the scrutiny included maternal low
education, infant low weight birth, diarrhoea, and unavailable immunisation. A multivariate
analysis indicated the following results: maternal low education (OR=4.6; 95% CI=1.115-
19.201), infant low weight birth (OR=10.261; 95% CI=1,740-60.499), diarrhoea (OR=10.364;
95% CI=1.547-69.438), and unavailable immunisation (OR=9.544; 95% CI=2.287-39.284)
proved to be the risk factors for the under 5 year old infant mortality. The simultaneous
probability of the mortality rate of these risk factors was 99.9%.

Conclusion: The areas proven to be severely vunerable to the under 5 year old infant mortality
were those under the service of Rasabou, Ranggo, and Dompu Barat Public Health Centers.
The study found that the risk factors for the infant mortality were maternal low education, infant
low weight birth, diarrhoea, and unavailable immunisation.

Keywords: Spatial analysis, Risk factors, under 5 year old infants.