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By: JACY
2 |STOICHIOMETRY (L.R., E.R., Extent of Reaction, Conversion, Yield, Selectivity)
(Old Testament) Acetaldehyde, CH3CHO, can be produced by (Problem 4.6, Bhatt and Vora, page 157) In the BASF oil quench
catalytic dehydrogenation of ethanol, via the reaction C 2H5OH process to manufacture acetylene, pure oxygen and pure methane
CH3CHO + H2. There is, however, a parallel reaction producing ethyl are fed to the acetylene burner. The cracked gas from the burner has
the following composition:
acetate 2C2H5OH CH3COOC2H5 + 2H2. Suppose that in a given H2: 56.5%, CH4: 5.2%, C2H4: 0.3%, C2H2: 7.5%, C3H6: 0.5%, CO:
reactor the conditions are adjusted so that a conversion of 95% 25.8%, CO2: 4.0% and O2: 0.2% (mole% on dry basis).
ethanol is obtained with an 80% yield of acetaldehyde. Calculate the Assume that formation of other compounds, such as aromatics, is
composition of the reactor product assuming the feed consists of negligible. For 100 kmol cracked gas, calculate (a) methane
pure ethanol. requirement, (b) oxygen requirement, (c) production of water, (d)
conversion of methane, and (e) yield of acetylene production.
(Problem 4.5, Bhatt and Vora, page 157) Selective dehydrogenation
of alkanes to alkenes is a well established process. In this process,
dehydrogenation of i-butane is carried out on a platinum (Problem 4.9, Bhatt and Vora, page 158) In the Deacon process for
manufacturing chlorine, hydrochloric acid gas is oxidized with air.
impregnated catalyst at 50 kPa g and 773 K (500 ). The feed to the
reactor is pure i-butane along with 0.75 kmol H 2 per kmol of i- The reaction taking place is:
butane. Hydrogen stream contains 90% H 2 and 10% methane (by 4 HCl + O2 = 2 Cl2 + 2 H2O
mole). Following reactions are known to take place. If the air is used in excess of 30% of that theoretically required, and
i-C4H10 = i-C4H8 + H2 (1) if the oxidation is 80% complete, calculate the composition by
i-Butane i-Butylene Hydrogen volume of dry gases leaving the reactor chamber.
By: JACY
3 |STOICHIOMETRY (L.R., E.R., Extent of Reaction, Conversion, Yield, Selectivity)
showed CO2: 57.1%, H2: 41.1%, CH4: 1.68% and CO: 0.12% (by (Illustration 4, Radasch, page 38) A pure hydrocarbon gas at 70 is
volume) on a dry basis. The reaction taking place in the reactor are: burnt in a furnace giving a flue gas containing 10.8% CO 2, 3.8% O2,
CO2 + 4 H2 = CH4 + 2 H2O and the rest nitrogen and inerts. Calculate the atomic ratio, H/C, and
and CO2 + H2 = CO + H2O from this the formula of the fuel.
Find (a) the conversion of CO 2 per pass, (b) yield of CH 4 in terms of
CO2 reacted, and (c) the composition of the feed (volume basis). (Example 6, Laurito page 18) A pure saturated hydrocarbon (C nH2n+2)
is burned with excess air. Orsat analysis of the products of
(Problem 4.14, Bhatt and Vora, page 159) Acetaldehyde is oxidized combustion shows 9.08% CO2, 1.63% CO, 5.28% O2 and no free H2.
over silica gel with the help of air. The mixture is passed over that Calculate: (a) The formula of the hydrocarbon (b) % excess air (c) kg
catalyst at 387 K (114 ). The outgoing dry gases are found to dry air/kg of hydrocarbon
contain 4.85% CO2, 8.65% acetaldehyde, 14.9% acetic acid, 2.55% O 2
and 69.05% N2 by volume (on dry basis). For carrying out dry Based on the process drawn in the diagram, what is the kg recycle /
analysis, water was first removed from the mixture. During the kg feed if the amount of W waste is 100 kg ? The known
water removal, some acetic acid is also condensed. compositions are inserted on the process diagram.
Calculate (a) the percentage conversion of acetaldehyde, (b) the
percentage yield of acetic acid, (c) mass ratio of air to acetaldehyde
in incoming feed, (d) the percentage removal of acetic acid during
the removal of water, and (e) the actual analysis of the gases leaving
the reactor.
By: JACY
4 |STOICHIOMETRY (L.R., E.R., Extent of Reaction, Conversion, Yield, Selectivity)
By: JACY