Thesis For Submit Russell

ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES
410 D and I Bldg, Edsa Corner, Caloocan City

Metro Manila, Philippines
Chapter I
Introduction
Patient management in respect of health records, appointment and
priority calls was all very crucial in order to maintain the overall level of health
care in Kalayaan Health Center. However, to aim the level of efficiency and
effectiveness, there were certain areas which need a proper time
management and quality performance. As such, most complaint issues
recorded the dissatisfaction in the length of time spent between patient arrival
and actual starting time of consultation; the present assessment did not focus
on the issue of mobile smart phone usage as reading devices in the clinical
environment. This was an important aspect that needs to be addressed in the
field of barangay health care information.
Near Field Communication (NFC) allows a device, usually a mobile
phone, to collect data from another device or NFC tag at close range. In many
ways, a contactless payment card can be integrated into a phone which was
similar to Bluetooth, except that instead of programming two devices to work
together, can simply touch to establish a connection. NFC-enabled devices
can act as electronic documents and keycards which save the information and
website of the barangay health center that tracks the information of all the in-
and-out patients.
COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

1
This study tried to comply with the needs of the barangay health
centers in retrieving the information of the patients using NFC (Near Field
Card) with ease. This was found out that the record management was very
important in the daily activities in the barangay health center in such a way
that this can accommodate the patients.
The virtual world needs the same kind of protection as the physical
world, especially when there was medical information involved. At the same
time, healthcare personnel need quick, convenient access to databases and
files, which can provide the best possible care. Using NFC to control access
to computers, tablets, and other devices were convenient, secure way to
protect data while making faster and more efficient to perform routine tasks,
such as updating files and checking records.
Project Context
The researcher proposed a new technology in contactless smart card
to use identification and transferring of data between devices. NFC like
Bluetooth and Wi-Fi standard allowing users to perform and NFC device was
able to act both as reader and a tag. This unique ability has made NFC
devices to communicate peer to peer to improve identification using
Smartphone that supported by NFC.
NFC to read the information just needs to tap the NFC card. NFC fulfills
the need to provide secure, short-distance in Smartphone. The strength of

2
NFC technology begins with the ease of use by triggering the communication
just with a simple touch in a short distance, and terminating the
communication immediately as the devices. One of the most important
aspects of NFC technology was inherent security, since the Communication
range was extremely short. In NFC communication, NFC communication
occurred between two NFC compatible devices placed within a few
centimeters of each other using the 13.56 MHz operating frequency which
provides easy communication between various on while the respondent was
known as the target. NFC Smartphone and NFC readers used own power.
Purpose and Description
NFC can help in everyday situations, people with life-threatening
conditions, such as diabetes, asthma, or allergies to food or medications, with
NFC-enabled that can provide greater detail to first responders in an
emergency. One such has already been demonstrate the details. Home
monitoring NFC opens up new possibilities for home monitoring, since an
NFC-enabled can be configured. The patient taps the Card to a Smartphone
or tablet, and the medical data where a medical professional can check it.
The tag can also provide access to web links, to get more information, request
a refill, or contact a medical professional. In this proposed system (NFC card)
enables the integration of services from a wide range of applications into one
single Smartphone. NFC technology has emerged recently, and consequently
not much academic data were available yet, although the number of academic

3
research studies carried out in the past two years has already surpassed the
total number of the prior works combined.
Statement of the Problem
Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following questions:
1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:
1.1 age
1.2 gender
1.3 designation
1.4 Highest Educational Attainment
2. What are the problems encountered in using the manual process?
3. How the proponents develop the NFC system?
4. How the respondents assess the system in terms of :
4.1 Compatibility
4.2 Functionality
4.3 Portability
4.4 Maintainability
4.5 Reliability
4.6 Security
4.7 Usability
5. What is the result of the software evaluation?

4
Objective of the Study
The proponents aimed to develop an android application that can read
the information in cards using NFC-Enabled Devices.
Specific Objectives
1. To develop application using Java programming language, SQL and
Android Studio for the database.
2. To integrate patients information in Near Field Communication (NFC)
card of Kalayaan Health Center.
3. To test and evaluate the efficiency of the proposed system using ISO
25010 with following criteria:
3.1 Compatibility
3. 2 Functionality
3.3 Maintainability
3. 4 Portability
3. 5 Security
3. 6 Reliability
3. 7 Usability

5
Scope and Delimitation of the Study
Scope
The main goal of the healthcare and security applications was the
patient's identification of medical history and retrieval of information. NFC can
also be used in deploying resource control, management and data acquisition
and the main benefits of NFC was the improvement of care, quality, and
existence of standards in order to support the needs.
Delimitation
The main barriers was limited in the availability of mobile phones with
NFC, deployment costs, security, technology limitations and support of the
health center staff. The proposed system was limited only in the use of NFC
card that can store information with the aid of website which was created to
ease the work of the personnel in record management.
Significance of the Study
The current standard operating procedure in healthcare environment
for patient registration and appointment scheduling was time consuming and
difficulty finding the patient records. Normally, patients coming to the health
center and filling out registration forms and waiting to be called or patient calls
in for getting appointment and waits for the response for an agreed date.

6
Patients. The study provides the patient future reference for own
purposes, or providing a better interpretation and systems software
compare to the existing developed software.
Doctor/Nurse. The study provides the doctor to have a deeper
understanding to the said medical records. By this study, this comes
up with easier access medical information.
Proponents. The study gave the idea to the proponents to develop a
system that may help the said company Kalayaan Health Center
Technique to have a better way of data records of patients.
Future Researchers. The study can provide help for the future
researcher as a guide in the study.
Future Developers. The study provides the future developers to
have a guide in the study that may be conducted in the future.

7
Chapter II
Review of Related Literature
This chapter includes the ideas relevant to the present subject relating
to the other studies and briefly discussed to provide the foundation of the
proposed system. References were taken from published and unpublished
reading materials such as books, journals, magazines, case studies and other
which back up and justify the operational feasibility of the proposed study. In
order to develop new method and procedures, careful review of literature and
studies must be done for the development of the system, Improving Health
Center Services Using Mobile tap Card.
Conceptual Literature
Conceptuality, Near Field Communication (NFC) was a technology that
allows two devices to exchange information wirelessly at close range. More
precisely, NFC was a set of technical specifications and standards for
transferring information between two proximate objects via the inductive
coupling of radio frequency fields at 13.56 MHz NFC evolved out of existing
radio-frequency identification (RFID) standards, already familiar to many
librarians, such that NFC-enabled devices can be compatible with some
existing RFID system and infrastructure. The primary distinction between NFC

8
and other RFID technologies, varies on the operating range which typically
within three to five centimeters.
Foreign Literature
Foreign literature was the thesis topic other than own native literature.
This can be the literature of another literature, comparative literature or any
theme, topic, genre of a foreign literature. This can be written in ones own
native language.
A Review of Automatic Patient Identification Options for Public Health
Care Centers with Restricted Budgets
Decreasing medication errors, improving patient safety and increasing
the accuracy of clinical procedures were important contributing factors to
reduce public health care costs and enhance the quality of public health care.
The use of automatic patient identification systems positively impacts these
factors and significantly improved the access to and delivery of public health
care services. This has been presented an assessment of automatic tag
reading technologies that was presently suitable for patient identification
purposes. Special attention was given to cost-effectiveness and technology
availability in a framework of public health care centers with restricted
budgets. In this context, mobile smart phones were recognized as the best
choice for reader devices, considering the ubiquity and widespread use.

9
The smart phone has the advantage over other reading devices of
additionally acting as a network terminal through which the patients EHRs,
and other pertinent medical information, may be remotely and interactively
accessed by the health care centers authorized personnel.[1]
The main conclusion of this comparative assessment was that the use
of 2D codes, and QR codes in particular, presently embodies the best choice
for setting up automatic patient identification capabilities in low-budget public
health care centers. The use of QR code-based tag technology, when
combined with mobile smart phones as code reading and decoding devices,
seems to be the most practical and cost-effective alternative available today
for automatic patient identification, as well as for quick remote health record
access, by medical personnel in public health care systems with limited
budgets.
SPHMS: Smart Patient m-Healthcare Monitoring System with NFC
An important requirement nowadays for medical service information
was the establishment and implements doctor-patient interaction system.
Especially in todays era where the mobile communication technology/
develops rapidly a challenge to make the mobile web of full use to make up
for the time and distance gab between doctors and patients to provide fast
and adequate medical services or not becomes an important factor to
measure hospitals competitive ability. Hospitals and clinic was increasing

10
turning to modern technology facilitate treatment and optimize patient
management.
To develop in automated system using smart phone which
automatically monitor patient status and generate alerts and maintain logs can
cloud server.[2]
In this proposed system, this was overcome the disadvantages of using
RFID system by using NFC tags and replaced the server architecture by using
web service architecture. Hence, the patients status was automatically
generated and stored in the cloud server and also alerts were generated if the
patient was in a critical condition. Currently this possible to conclude that for
providing a better solution to the m-healthcare hospital management system
in many hospitals NFC promises appear to be credible.
A Systematic Review of Healthcare Applications for Smartphone
In April 2011, MEDLINE was searched to identify articles that
discussed the design, development, evaluation, or use of Smartphone-based
software for healthcare professionals, medical or nursing students, or
patients. A total of 55 articles discussing 83 applications were selected for this
study from 2,894 articles initially obtained from the MEDLINE searches. A
total of 83 applications were documented: 57 applications for healthcare
professionals focusing on disease diagnosis (21), drug reference (6), medical
calculators (8), literature search (6), clinical communication (3), Hospital
Information System (HIS) client applications (4), medical training (2) and

11
general healthcare applications (7); 11 applications for medical or nursing
students focusing on medical education; and 15 applications for patients
focusing on disease management with chronic illness (6), ENT-related (4),
fall-related (3), and two other conditions (2). The disease diagnosis, drug
reference, and medical calculator applications were reported as most useful
by healthcare professionals and medical or nursing students.
Many medical applications for smart phones have been developed and
widely used by health professionals and patients. The use of smart phones
was getting more attention in healthcare day by day. Medical applications
make smart phones useful tools in the practice of evidence-based medicine at
the point of care, in addition to the use in mobile clinical communication. Also,
smart phones can play a very important role in patient education, disease self-
management, and remote monitoring of patients.[3]
In this study, this discussed many smart phone-based healthcare
applications from the literature. These applications were grouped according to
targeted users (i.e., clinicians, medical and nursing students, and patients).
These applications were not intended to replace desktop applications, but to
add to existing technologies for better healthcare. The functionalities of the
applications were growing day by day and new functionalities were available
with every major releases. The work of healthcare professionals was very
mobile in nature. Smart phones enables for advanced mobile communication
between health professionals, makes medical formula calculations available
anywhere anytime, and provides access to evidence-based medical

12
resources including disease diagnosis guides, drug references, literature
search, and continuing medical education materials at the point of care. In
addition, smart phones enable health professionals to access to EMR
systems from anywhere thus facilitating remote consultation and telemedicine.
Moreover, performing simple medical exams such as visual acuity test also
viable using a smart phone. The wide adoption of smart phones by the
general public emphasizes the opportunity of better health and mobile
telemedicine services through patient oriented applications, for example,
patient education, disease self-management, and remote monitoring of
patients.
NFC Based Mobile Patient Appointment System
After thorough research from previous work in enhancing healthcare
standard operation either using traditional paper based technology or
advanced paperless technologies, healthcare still face problems. There were
still issues for walk-in patient whereby have to wait for a very long period of
time for the turn to come up. Patient may schedule the appointment; however,
this still have to wait for the appointments to be confirmed from healthcare
administrator which may take weeks or even months for any available slots.
A well- designed appointment and walk-in patient system intent to
achieve small direct waiting time for unscheduled cases (especially when it
involves with urgent and emergency operation) without increasing the direct
waiting times of scheduled patients or lowering the resource utilizations. Yeo
Symey et al., International Journal of Advanced Trends in Computer Science

13
and Engineering, 2(4), July - August 2013, 74 - 85 78. Both scenarios do not
work with parties involved. The party which includes involves the patient,
[4]
healthcare personnel and the healthcare center as a whole.
This proposed system would bring in Near Field Technology (NFC)
device as a queuing system for accessing patients health records and reports
which alert nurses, doctors and pharmacists upon the arrival on a web
application. This system was focused on the basic outpatient standard
operating system such as registration, sorting out priority levels, scheduling
appointment, and confirming or rejecting any upcoming appointments.
Enhancing Patient Appointments Scheduling that Uses Mobile
Technology
Effective patient appointment scheduling system was very critical in
hospitals to ensure effective and efficient service delivery in the health sector
in Tanzania. Yet in order to target efficient appointment scheduling, there was
a need for appropriate management and quality evaluation of the scheduling
system. Most patients complain about the time spent between walking into
the hospital and being attended by hospital staff, especially doctors. This calls
for proper handling. Mobile application for patient appointment scheduling
was poised to effectively facilitate delivery of health services in Tanzanian
hospitals. Making appointments over the mobile phone provides more
benefits.

14
Mobile phone based appointment system allows for 24 hours
convenient scheduling and patients can make appointments at any time
compared to making appointments physically by showing up at hospitals,
which can be done only during working hours. The World Health Organization
(WHO) conducted a global survey in 2011 involving 114 nations and found
that mobile devices were used in almost all countries but this vary on the
uptake level: some use the mobile devices to send reminders to patients by
sending text messages on the appointment, telemedicine, accessing patient
records, monitoring patients and symptoms diagnosis. There was an
emphasis on the need to change in the way hospital services were offered by
adapting e-Health technologies in order to achieve the national vision of
applying information and communication technologies (ICT) in the health
sector In one study, this was reported that waiting time for patients who
attended disability hospital appointments before receiving treatment was
reduced due to enhancement of the system implemented for triage patient
appointment. [5]
This proposed includes time saving as staff spends less time in
attending patients compared to paper-based appointments where patients
need to fill in lots of forms. There was no waste of time in queues when a
mobile application based patient appointment scheduling system was used.
Furthermore, the automated appointment reminder in the mobile appointment
scheduling system also saves time as hospital operators would not be

15
required to call and send SMS to patients reminding them of the
appointments.
Electronic Medical Records Using NFC Technology
Faculty Dr. MGR Educational and Research Institute, Madurvoyal,
Chennai, India EMR-Electronic Medical Records were replaced Paper
Medical Records which was now considered a key initiative in the Healthcare
industry. This was because paper medical records were easily lost and
damaged and also disappears during emergencies. This was often incomplete
with incorrect or missing information. Doctors therefore end up duplicating
tests, making uninformed decisions and delaying care. The EMR/Electronic
charts really any better - Unless this was available to providers at the right
time. Electronic medical records, near field communication, wireless network,
patients. Medical records like - Patient Charts/Case Sheets, Discharge
Summary, Visit Summary, Family Card, Rx History, Drug Interactions,
Medications, Allergies, Problems/Diagnosis, Social Problems and Population
Based Care were critical aids for doctors/physicians in making a patients
Healthcare decision.
Every year Healthcare industry players invest a major share of the
budget in maintenance of medical records. Various non-profitable
organizations also enforce restrictions on representation, maintenance and
transfer of healthcare details within and outside the organization Every now

16
and then new technology arrives and influences the lifestyle and changes the
perception of business in several ways. [6]
Many workflows in industry were being defined by technologies and
EMR was one among them. Nowadays more focus was on mobile industries
and many technological applications bloom around it. This was observed the
new NFC technology, currently used in ticketing and payment systems,
having great potential in healthcare industry. This had a detailed analysis of
the NFC technology and healthcare workflows and found that can be
improved to a much better phenomenon with the application of NFC.
Survey on Near Field Communication in Healthcare
Near Field Communication was a local area wireless communication
technology which allows the exchange of data between a reader and a target
with recognizable distance of 10cm and operate speed between 106-
424kbps. Frequency speed of the NFC was 13.56 MHz. NFC was based on
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) uses the magnetic field induction to
enable communication between two electronic devices in close approximate.
This allows bidirectional communication between NFC devices.
IT provides seamless medium and open platform technology. This was
not required set up by user. NFC technology makes it combine the interface of
a reader and a smart card in a single device. [6]
NFC standards cover communications protocols and data exchange
formats, and based on existing radiofrequency identification (RFID) standards.

17
The standards include ISO/IEC 18092 and those defined by the NFC Forum,
which was founded in 2004 by Nokia itself, Philips and Sony, and now has
more than 160 members. 1.2 Communication Mode In NFC, two type of
communication mode: Active and Passive. NFC protocol distinguishes
between the Initiator and the Target of the communication. Any device may
be either an Initiator or a Target. The device that initiates and controls the
exchange of data was called initiator and target was the device that answers
the request from the Initiator. a) Active Communication Mode: Initiator and
Target Device both have own power supplies and alternate generate own RF
signals on which the data were carried. This was the same for both initiator to
target and target to initiator. A device deactivates RF field while this was
waiting for data. Ex. Mobile phone, NFC reader b) Passive Communication
Mode: Target device has no power supply of the own RF signal. This powered
by the field generated by the initiator (reader). The Initiator was the device
that responsible to generate the RF field. The Initiator device provides a
carrier field and the target device answers by modulating existing.
Local Literature
Local literature refers to a thesis topic by own literature. This may be
the literature of another literature in here, comparative literature or any theme,
topic, genre of own literature. This cannot be written in other native language.

18
A Review of Automatic Patient Identification Options for Public Health
Care Centers with Restricted Budgets
Personal data, contact information, admission date and time, reason
for admission, referring physician, public health identification number, etc. and
recorded at this stage. At the same time at least one additional identification
number was assigned to the admitted patient, which was also used in the
patients medical record. This number, along with other basic personal
information, was either directly printed on the wrist bracelet that were usually
generated and fitted to the patient, or printed on a label which attached to it.
Later, the treating physician, with the assistance of other health care
personnel, was responsible for filling out the patients medical history in
accordance with the particular model used in the public health system or the
particular health care center. Subsequent patient identification was still today
generally performed manually by human observers in various public health
care centers. Such human interaction in the course of patient identification
was highly undesirable because was inevitably prone to human error. The
ensuing identification errors frequently result in serious mistakes when
carrying out vital activities such as medication, blood transfusions, clinical
trials, surgery, and a variety of other medical procedures. [7]
The use of automated patient identification systems for patient
identification was a practical means to reduce these risks. Such systems can

19
provide quick and reliable patient identification as well as remote instant
access and management of patient medical history (EHR: Electronic Health
Record). Although the main purpose of any system for this purpose was to
improve the reliability of patient identification, providing a speedy access to
clinical information was also a desirable feature. Additionally, the system must
also include aspects of security and confidentiality of the medical to be
handed.
A Healthcare CFO's Guide to Smart Card Technology and Applications
Healthcare was seeing a steady and increasing dependence on
information technology that was rapidly transforming the practice of medicine
and the delivery of care .Technology was an ever-changing and evolving
aspect of modern business. In healthcare, most agree that the use of
technology was essential to achieving many of the milestones critical to
healthcare reform. Three primary drivers were increasing the use of
technology in healthcare: The need to lower costs and create administrative
efficiencies.
The need to improve patient outcomes and enhance physician and
patient relations and to meet increasing privacy, security and identity
concerns, as a result of federal and state directives mandating increased
control over private information. [8]
For healthcare CFOs, the challenge was not only to secure the funding
for new technology, but also to weigh the potential benefits of new and

20
emerging technology against the costs. Serious consideration must be given
to the consequences of technology adoption for legacy systems, lifecycle
costs, and long-term technology evolution. This white paper outlines some of
the major challenges faced by healthcare CFOs and discusses how smart
card technology can provide innovative, practical and cost-effective solutions.
Research Literature
This pertains to local and foreign studies to inquiries or investigate that
has already similarities to the current investigation. Citation from literature
was taken usually unpublished materials thesis, desertion and manuscript.
Foreign Studies
Personal Health Record (PHR) System for Regional Healthcare Services
Following the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011, many
victims were left without homes after were devastated in the earthquake and
the following tsunami.
Local health services recognized that an ongoing concern on the
health of these residents but providing individual services was beyond the
scope of the resources available, and a complete and innovative system was
urgently needed. Toppan Forms was working as part of a government,
industry and academia collaboration aimed at providing support to the
residents who have been relocated to temporary housing.[9]
To enable patients to track the data and to improve the impact of local
health services, Toppan Forms with Tsukuba University developed a NFC

21
based health management system that uses commercially available products
to allow data to be linked to a central PHR to improve tele -monitoring.
NFC Based Health Care System
Mobile phones now-a-days was largely used in almost every part of our
life as easy to carry and were easily accessible. This was always available
with the patient and location aware. Considering this large functionality of
mobile phone sit be helpful to use in healthcare system to make the medical
data easy to carry, efficient, accessible, and manageable. The patients can
use mobile phones for self-help or communication with doctors. Or doctors
can use this to monitor the health of the patient with the use of portability of
health records.
For this NFC (Near Field Communication), which was an upcoming
technology that has proven to be reliable and secure can be used for storing
health credentials and securing the data. This can be achieved using the
system which includes- i) Secure Health card for storing patient ID and ii)
Server which stores Electronic Health Record. [10]
This system can benefit both the patient and the doctors by providing a
robust and secure health flow. This can provide portability to devices and

22
provided usability for health management in emergency situation, to
overpopulated hospitals and remote locations.
Using RFID/NFC and QR-Code in Mobile Phones to Link the Physical
and the Digital World
RFID was an AIDC method that uses radio waves to store and retrieve
data from an identification chip. These chips were known as RFID tags. RFID
was now widely used in the industry for several applications including
security, access control, transportation and tracking of the supply chain.
Usually an RFID system requires three main components: The reader/
writer RFID tag and application software for processing the information. The
RFID reader compresses an antenna, a transceiver and decoder. The reader
periodically transmits signals to search for tags in the vicinity. When this
captures a signal from a tag, this extracts the information and passes the data
to the processing subsystem. An RFID tag or transponder consists of an
antenna, a radio transceiver and integrated circuit for storing and processing
information. [11]

23
There were several types of tags. A tag contains writable memory
where data was stored to be transfer later to RFID readers. The internal
memory capacity of a tag depends on the model and varies from tens to
thousands of bytes. RFID technology was classified into the short-range
wireless communications, which were systems that cover distances of less
than 100 meters. Others systems of this type were: Bluetooth, IrDA and Wi-Fi.
Mobile and Physical User Interface for NFC based on Mobile Interaction
Multiple Tags
With the recent increase in usage of mobile devices especially in
developing countries, this can be used for an efficient healthcare
management. In this work, this have been proposed a novel architecture for
improving healthcare system with the help of Android based mobile devices
with NFC and Bluetooth interfaces, smartcard technology on tamper resistant
secure element (SE) for storing credentials and secure data, and a Health
Secure service on a hybrid cloud for security and health record management.
The main contribution of this paper was a proposal of applications for i)
Secure Medical Tags for reducing medical errors and ii) Secure Health card
for storing Electronic Health Record (EHR) based on Secure NFC Tags,
mobile device using NFC P2P Mode or Card Emulation Mode. This briefly
mentioned a basic security framework requirement for the applications. [11]

24
NFC NDEF format was prone to security attacks that have utilized low
level APIs on Android based mobile devices, to securely access NFC tags
such as MIFARE Classic tags with NFC-A (ISO 1443-3A) properties. Simple
touch of NFC enabled mobile devices can benefit both the patient as well as
the medical doctors by providing a robust and secure health flow. This can
also provide portability of devices and usability for health management in
emergency situation, overpopulated hospitals and remote locations.
Near Field Communication Application and Performances Studies
NFC offers a quick and convenient method of interaction between
humans and NFC enabled devices. Current research concerning NFC
appears to mainly focus on development of NFC enabled applications and
services. In this paper, this study the performance of NFC devices by
considering metrics such as achieved data rates and received power for
several distances. Knowledge of these metrics may be useful for application

[12]
developers to build applications efficiently.
This has been developed various applications on NFC enabled devices
for public transport systems. This describes the design of 13.56 MHz antenna
which was used for measurements of the received.
Near Field Communication (Technology, Vulnerabilities and Principles)
The Near Field Communication (NFC) was a set of standards for
mobile devices designed to establish radio communication with each other by

25
being touched together or brought within a short distance. The NFC standard
regulates a radio technology that allows two devices to communicate when
this were in close proximity, usually no more than a few centimeters, allowing
the secure exchange of information.
From a technological perspective, NFC was also an extension also of
the ECMA and ETSI standards, which describe the integration of a smart card
with a terminal device. NFC devices allow writing and reading of information
at a high speed (424Kbis/s) when placed in close proximity, creating a
wireless connection, which was also compatible with widely used technologies
such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. [13]
NFC standards were based on different communications protocols and
data exchange formats, and include also existing radio-frequency
identification (RFID) standards such as the ISO/IEC 14443 specific for
identification cards, proximity cards and contactless integrated circuit cards.
The coverage of various ISO standards ensures for NFC technology the
global interoperability that makes the technology usable in different areas.
NFC based Secure Mobile Health Care System
Near Field Communication (NFC) was an emerging technology for
mobile interaction with everyday objects and associated digital resources.
Apart from simple interactions with single tags, NFC has the potential for more
elaborate interactions with physical objects that comprise multiple tags and

26
serve as physical user interfaces (UI). This paper investigated the design of
mobile and physical UIs for the interaction with multiple NFC-tags.
This was focused on three basic interactions that qualify for multi-tag
interaction - the navigation between parts of an application, the selection of
items and the combination of items. Two user studies compare different
configurations of mobile and physical UIs for these interactions in order to
evaluate the allocation of application features and UI elements to mobile
devices and tagged objects. The results advocate the continuous interaction
on the latter, instead of splitting interactions between mobile and physical
UIs.[14]
The physical support of a home automation system, joined with a
simplified user-system interaction modality, may allow people affected by
motor impairments or limitations, such as elderly and disabled people, to live
safely and comfortably at home, by improving the autonomy and facilitating
the execution of daily life tasks. The proposed solution takes advantage of the
Near Field Communications technology, which was simple and intuitive to
use, to enable advanced user interaction. The user can perform normal daily
activities, such as lifting a gate or closing a window, through a device enabled
to read NFC tags containing the commands for the home automation system.
A passive Smart Panel was implemented, composed of multiple Near Field
Communications tags properly programmed, to enable the execution of both
individual commands and so-called scenarios. The work compares several
versions of the proposed Smart Panel, differing for interrogation and

27
composition of the single command, number of tags, and dynamic user
interaction model, at a parity of the number of commands to issue. Main
conclusions were drawn from the experimental results, about the effective
adoption of Near Field Communications in smart assistive environments.
NFC based User Interface for Smart Environment
Along with making the event experience more efficient on the exhibit
hall floor, NFC has the added benefit of being more secure with dealing with
cashless payments.
The Token Administration Platform (TAP) was an e-voucher scheme
that uses the latest tablet and smartcard technology to change the way the
Nigerian government collects data and delivers benefits to its citizens. This
used of Near Field Communication (NFC) technology was revolutionizing
agricultural development in rural Nigeria. [15]
NFC works at such a short range, there was a less chance for payment
or personal information theft. In addition to the convenience of paying for food,
drink and merchandise with a phone or event badge (again, one less thing to
carry), NFC can give attendees that extra level of trust and security when
making purchases at event.
Reading NFC tags with Android
There were a variety of NFC tags that can be read with a smart phone.
The spectrum ranges from simple stickers and key rings to complex cards
which were integrated cryptographic hardware. Tags also differ in the chip

28
technology. The most important of this, NDEF, which was supported by most
tags. In addition, Mifare should be mentioned as this was the most used
contactless chip technology worldwide. Some tags can be read and written,
while others re read-only or encrypted.
Individuals interested in near field communication often wonder what it
can do for them and how it can make lives easier. The many uses of NFC
technology offer benefits in a number of everyday tasks ranging from paying
for groceries to receive adequate health care treatments. If the Smartphone
was not NFC compatible and consider buying a micro SD or SIM card
embedded with the NFC chip, this guide helps to decide if the benefits were
worth it.[16]
The small size of NFC tags and the lack of a battery, relying instead on
radio frequency signals sent from a Smartphone or other NFC compatible
device to operate, let them go virtually anywhere. From posters to museum
displays to library books, an NFC tag can hold information that a user can
then swipe the phone over to read.

29
Chapter III
Technical Background
This chapter includes for hardware and software was set of common
requirements that completed to useful to the system that requires using this.
Hardware Requirements
Hardware requirements most common set of requirements defined by
any the physical computer resources.

30
Quantity Component Description Specification

(pcs.)
NFC-enabled 4.3 Jelly Bean

devices to read
information Quad-core 1.4
stored on GHz Cortex-A9
1 Inexpensive.
NFC tags micro SD, 1 GB
embedded in RAM 8 MP,NFC
labels and also
define the Enabled
Samsung S3 transport
protocol,
including protocol
activation and
data-exchange
methods.
NFC Card 13.56

This performs a
1 variety of actions, MHz, 424 kbs
such as changing
handset settings
NFC Card or launching a

website.
Monitor display 17-inch AC input

voltage 100 to
information in 240VAC1440x900
visual form, using resolution at
text and graphic 60Hz,
RAM: 4GBDDR3
the portion of that

31
1 displays the HDD: 500GB,

information was 1TB Rotational
Speed: 7200 rpm
called the Data.
Optical Drive: 16X
Dell E1709WFP 17 With electronic CD/DVD burner
Widescreen LCD visual display for (DVD+/-RW) with
double layer write
Monitor / Dell computers. A
capability
Inspiron 660s monitor usually
comprises the
display device,
circuitry, casing,
and power
supply.
Software Requirements
A software requirement specification presents a description of
a software system to be developed. It lays out functional and non-
functional requirements.

32
Quantity Components Description Specification
(pcs.)
A developed
1 by Google,
based on
Android 2.3 or
the Linux
kernel and higher
designed
primarily for
touch
Android OS screen mobile
devices such
as Smartphone
and tablets
An open source
1
relational database
management
system which were
based on Structured
Query Language
(SQL)
A software
application for
retrieving,
presenting, and

33
traversing
information
resources on the
World Wide Web.
Chapter IV
Design and Methodology

34
This chapter presented the research design used in the study was
descriptive method of research, sampling technique, a fact finding study and
accurate interpretation of the findings, evaluation of tools, statistical
instruments and tools.
Project Design
This describes the data and characteristics of the respondents being
studied. This emphasizes what actually exists in the current condition and
situation. Descriptive research may be defined as process of data gathering
and tabulating data about condition of the patient.
Project Development
One of the largest IT challenges in the health and medical fields were
the ability to track large numbers of patients and materials. As mobile phone
availability becomes ubiquitous around the world, the use of Near Field
Communication (NFC) with mobile phones was emerging as a promising
solution to this challenge. The decreasing price and increasing availability of
mobile phones and NFC allows to apply these technologies to developing
countries in order to overcome patient identification and disease surveillance
limitations, and permit improvements in data quality, patient referral, and
emergency response.
In this paper, this presents a system using NFC-enabled mobile
phones for facilitating the tracking and care of patients in a low-resource
environment. While this system design has been inspired by the needs of an

35
ongoing project, this was believed to recognize and apply similar health and
medical projects in other places where mobile service was available.
Respondents of the Study
The respondent near from health center where known daily
happenings and need a proper time management for quality performance
patient appointment and priority calls were all very crucial in order to maintain
the overall level of health care must be carefully ascertained before making a
decision.
Sampling Technique
The capacity of the Kalayaan Health Center System administration to
supply mobile smart phones to the medical personnel for patient identification
purposes, or alternatively, the willingness to use the personal devices, must
be carefully ascertained before making a decision. Patient management in
respect of health records, patient appointment and priority calls were all very
crucial in order to maintain the overall level of health care in Kalayaan Health
Center.
However, to aim the level of efficiency and effectiveness, there were
certain areas which need a proper time management and quality
performance.
Data Gathering Procedure

36
A letter requesting assistance and recommendation was given to the
company by asking permission to let the Kalayaan Health Center in the
course of study in developing narrative statements were used through the
survey questionnaire.
The proponents created a list of question that exposes the system by
category. The question formulated was based from the initial interview done in
the company and how the current traditional of Kalayaan Health center with
the patients.
All the respondents were asked to accomplished the questionnaire and
answer to the bets of knowledge. This was given time allocation to complete
the forms and provide them opportunity to raise concern if any. The survey
forms were then collected for encoding and tabulations of responses.
Survey Questionnaire
A survey was normally conducted with the help of a questionnaire. This
was a written list of statements presented in the form of a question or
depending on the goal of the study. Questionnaire was the main tool to
deduce responses from respondents. The first part was composed of the
demographic data about the respondents that includes the basic information
which includes age, gender, educational background and position. Second
part, contains the information about familiarization of the software and the
process which involved in creating an android based evaluating performance

37
of each individual. Finally, questionnaire contains the feasibility of the
proposed system and performance in terms of effectiveness, user friendly,
security and accuracy.
Interview
A method of data gathering in which a person involved to the whole
process of the business where questions were asked by interviewer to obtain
information from the interviewee.
The data needed for this study were gathered through personal
interview, survey which uses a questionnaire and key informant interviews.
The proponents have a personal touch or direct knowledge of software
development. In this study the key informant was the system user of which
includes doctor, medical staffs and health administrator.
Validation and Distribution of the Instruments Used
The validation and distribution of the questionnaire were based on the
respondents that involved within the system. Question in the survey forms
were based in the daily routines of the company process and the
respondents. In this case, the classification of the proponents determined. In
order to classify the respondents, the proponents determined the positions
and level of each respondent that which involve within the process of the

38
system, so that the distribution of survey form be accurate to the level of
knowledge of the user that involves to the process of the system.
Data Encoding and Formulation of the Solution
The given data which provided from gathering data forms used in the
formulation of different statistical tools and scales techniques to give a well-
presented graphical presentation and analysis in this study. The given data
calculated through the formulation techniques such as mean, weighted-mean
and other statistical techniques.
Evaluation of Data and Result
The proponents evaluate all the data received from the respondents
and use the different statistical method. The analysis statistical formula shows
up the results and interpreted by the graphical presentation of the data.
Statistical Tools and Instruments
Statistical Tools
The statistical tools used this to help the proponents too easily tabulate
and analyze the data gathered during the survey process. It was based on
how data interpreted using the statistics. These tools can also help the
proponents to draw a valid conclusion and to continue the development of the
proposed system.

39
Frequency
A record on how often a value of a variable in a certain question
occurs. This was the number of times that the event occurs in a study. The
formula of getting the frequency shown below,
F = F/N
where,
F = the relative frequency of each class interval
F = sum of the frequency of class interval
N = the sample size
Percentage
The statistical method used to determine the percentage of the
respondents that was conducted given by this percentage formula,
P = f/N x 100
where,
P = percentage
F = frequency of each rating scale
N = number of respondents
Mean

40
The average of a population set. This found by multiplying the
population means to appropriate frequency and add the entire product then
divide the sum of all the frequency by the number of all frequencies. The
formula was:
X= fx/ N
where,
X = mean
F = number of frequency
X= rate given by the respondents
N = No. of all frequencies
Likert Scale
A scale commonly used in a survey to measure the respondents
responses through questionnaire with a set of statements or questions about
the main topic, and also to measure the positive and negative response of the
respondents to the topic.
Chi- square of Test Goodness of fit

41
The Chi- Square Test of Goodness of Fit (X2) was used in determining
the number of objects or responses, which fell in different categories for a
single qualitative variable and in knowing if the sample under observation and
analysis was drawn from a population with some specified distribution or not.
Further, this was the sum of the squared differences of the observed
and expected frequencies divided by the expected frequency. The formula
employed in the said test statistic therefore was,
X2 = (O-E) 2
E
with df = c- 1 and an = 0.05
where,
X2= computed Chi-square value
O= observed frequency
E= expected frequency
df= degrees of freedom
c= total number of columns
= level of significance
Conceptual Framework

42
INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT
Data and Records filed in

Manual filing of the shelves for
Information of
Patients personal data and further access
medical records
Figure 4.1 Conceptual Framework of Existing System
Figure 4.1 shows the manual process of the designed stages of the
development process.

43
PROCESS OUTPUT
INPUT 1. Planning Improving Health
Center Services Using
Preliminary of the study
Knowledge Mobile tap card for
Requirements 2. System Kalayaan Health
Analysis
1. Brief description of Center
the process
Find possible and
2. Information of the
patients appropriate solutions
Software Requirements 3. System Design Acceptable Rating
System Designing and Good

1. Android SDK
Building
2. Health ID Apk Criteria:
4. Development
Hardware Requirements - Compatibility
Coding/
1. Android Mobile Programming - Functionality
Device Version
Android 2.3and up 5. Testing - Maintainability
PC/laptop
Test the application - Portability
6. Implementation
- Security
- Reliability
Initializing and testing
for errors - Usability
Testing and Evaluation

using ISO/IEC 25010
Figure 4.2 Conceptual Framework of Proposed System

44
Register the Reads the NFC D Storing Data

NFC card Card using
Android phone
Add Medical D Database
Records
Doctor
View Records
Figure 4.3 Data Flow Diagram

45
Proposed Study
Improving Health Center

Services using Mobile
tap for Kalayaan Health
Center
1.0 2.0
User Admin
4.4 HIPO Hierarchical Input Process Output

46
Admin/User
1.0
Login Page
Page
1.1 1.2
Login Confirm
Password
1.1
Login
1.1.0 1.1.1 1.1.2
Home View Logout
Figure 4. 5 Visual Table Content

47
Data Dictionary
Database: dbtest
Table: tbl_ Patient
Database: dbtest
Table: tbl_ Users
Database: dbtest
Table: tbl_ login

48
Start
Patients
Records
Health
Administrator
Doctor
Patient Record
Storage
Appointment
End
Figure 4.6 Existing System Flowchart

49
Start
Patient arrives at health

center
Patient taps
Patient read using
the card
Smartphone
Time of Priority check-up

Appointment
Time of
receiving all
Send patient data
info
End
Figure 4.7 Proposed Systems

50
NFC Card
Figure 4.8 Story Board

51
Figure 4.9 Entity Relationship Diagram

52
Planning
Deployment Defining
Android Studio
Testing Designing
Building
Figure 4.10 Android Studio Development Life Cycle

53
Chapter V
Results and Discussions
In this chapter, the proponents conducted a survey about the
demographic profile of the respondents of selected patients in Kalayaan
Health Center such as the Age Bracket, Gender, Performance of the device,
and Software Evaluation; Compatibility, Functionality, Maintainability,
Portability , Reliability, Security and Usability.
1. Demographic Profile of the Respondents
1.1 Age Brackets
Table 5.1
Demographic Profile of the Respondents in terms of Age Bracket
Age Bracket Frequency Percentage Rank

(f) (%)
18 23 2 8% 4th
24 33 8 32% 2nd
34 41 10 40% 1st
42- above 5 20% 3rd
Total No. of Respondents (N) 25 100%
Table 5.1 shows the demographic profile of respondents in terms of

54
age bracket. Out of 25 respondents, age bracket 34- 41 got the highest
frequency of 10 or 40% was in rank 1, while the 18- 23 got the lowest
frequency of 2 or 8% was in rank 4.
1.2 Gender
Table 5.2
Demographic Profile of the Respondents in terms of Gender
Gender F % Rank
Male 11 44% 2nd
Female 14 56% 1st
Table 5.2 presents the demographic profile of the respondents in terms
of gender, there were of 25 respondents, the frequency of male got the lowest
frequency of 11 or 44% was in rank 2, while the frequency of female got the
highest frequency of 14 or 56% was in rank 1.

55
1.3 Designation
Table 5.3
Demographic Profile of the Respondents in terms of Designation
Designation F % Rank
Police 0 0%
Teacher 0 0%
Student 3 12% 3rd
Staff 6 24% 2nd
Others 16 64% 1st
Table 5.3 presents the demographic profile of the respondents in terms
of designation, there were of 25 respondents, the frequency of student got the
lowest frequency of 3 or 12% was in rank 3, while the frequency of Others got
the highest frequency of 16 or 64% was in rank 1, while the frequency of Staff
got rank 2 of 6 or 24%.

56
1. 4 Educational Attainment
Table 5.4
Demographic Profile of the Respondents in terms of Educational
Attainment
Response F % Rank
Elementary 5 20% 3rd
High School 8 32% 2nd
College 12 48% 1st
Masteral 0 0%
Total No. of Respondents (N) 25 100
As demonstrated in the table 5.4 , out of 25 respondents, the frequency
of response that were College was 12 or 48% and was in rank 1, the
frequency of response that was High School was 8 or 32%% and in rank 2,
the frequency of response that were in Elementary was 5 or 20% and in rank
3.

57
2. Testing and Evaluation of the System
2.1 In terms of Compatibility
Table 5.5
Software Evaluation for the Proposed System in terms of Compatibility
Verbal Frequency Percentage Rank Mean Chi-square
Interpretation
Excellent 2 8% 4th
Very Good 8 32% 2nd
Good 11 44% 1st

3.57 19.85
Fair 3 12% 3rd
Poor 1 4% 5th
Total No. of 25 100%

Respondents
(N)
As illustrated in the table 5.5, out of 25 respondents, 8 of them or 32%
of the respondents rated Very Good which rank 2, while 2 of them or 8% of
the respondents rated Excellent which rank 4. In the response, 11of them or
44% rated as rank 1; 3 of them or 12% rated as rank 3 and the

58
last 1 of them or 4% which was rank as 5. The computed mean was 3.57 and
the verbal interpretation in the systems Compatibility classified as Very
Good.
The illustrated observations were found to be significant because the
most observations shown the rating scale of Very Good covered the 44% of
the total response and 32% rating for Good. The overall average response
for the ungrouped data hit 3.57, rounded of the rating scale which means that
the majority of the respondents evaluated the proposed systems
Compatibility as Very Good. The average weighted mean who said Very
Good was significantly higher than the rest of the sample.
Through the statistical treatment used, the obtained computed value in
chi-square was 19.85; this value was greater than the 9.48 table value with
degrees of freedom of 4 and 0.05 level of significance. In case, the rejection
region was the H0 therefore the proponents conclude that there was significant
difference in the evaluation of the system. The average number of
respondents who said Very Good was significantly higher than the rest of
the sample.

59
2.2 In terms of Functionality
Table 5.6
Software Evaluation for the Proposed System in terms of Functionality
Interpretation
Excellent 0 0%
Very Good 10 40% 1st
Good 8 32% 2nd 4.00 23.25
Fair 7 28% 3rd
Poor 0 0%
Total No. of 25 0
Respondents
(N)
As observed in the table 5.6, out of 25 respondents, 10 of them or 40%
of the respondents rated Very Good which rank 1, in the response, 8 of them
or 32% rated as rank 2; 7 of them or 28% rated as rank 3. The computed
mean was 4.00 and the verbal interpretation in the systems functionality
classified as Very Good.

60
the total response and 32% rating for Good. The overall average response
the majority of the respondents evaluated the proposed systems Functionality
as Very Good. The average weighted mean who said Very Good was
significantly higher than the rest of the sample.
In the statistical treatment used, the obtained computed value in chi-
square was 23.25; this value was greater than the 9.48 table value with
region was the H0, therefore the proponents conclude that there was
significant difference in the evaluation of the system. The average number of
the sample.

61
2.3 In terms of Maintainability
Table 5.7
Software Evaluation for the Proposed System in terms of Maintainability
Interpretation
Excellent 7 28% 2nd
Good 4 16% 3rd 3.60 25.00
Fair 2 8% 4th
Poor 0 0%

Respondents (N)
As gleaned in the table 5.7, out of 25 respondents, 12 of them or 48%
of the respondents rated Very Good which rank 1, while 7 of them or 28% of
respondents rated Excellent which rank 2, and 4 of them or 16% of the
respondents rated Good which rank 3; 2 of them or 8% of the respondents
rated Fair which rank 4. The computed mean was 3.60 and the verbal
interpretation in the systems maintainability classified as Very Good.

62
the total response and 28% rating for Excellent. The overall average
response for the ungrouped data hit 3.60, rounded of the rating scale which
means that the majority of the respondents evaluated the proposed systems
Maintainability as Very Good. The average weighted mean who said Very
Good was significantly higher than the rest of the sample.
The statistical treatment used, the obtained computed value in chi-
the sample.

63
2.4 In terms of Portability
Table 5.8
Software Evaluation for the Proposed System in terms of Portability
Interpretation
Excellent 3 12% 3
Very Good 8 32% 2
Good 11 44% 1 4.00 21.50
Fair 3 12% 3
Poor 0 0%
Total No. of 25 0
Respondents (N)
As stated in the table 5.8, out of 25 respondents, 8 of them or 32% of
the respondents rated Very Good which rank 2, while 1 of them or 4% of the
respondents rated Excellent which rank 3, and 11 of them or 44% of the
rated Fair which was rank 3. The computed mean was 4.00 and the verbal
interpretation in the systems Portability classified as Very Good.

64
most observations shown the rating scale of Good covered the 44% of the
total response and 32% rating for Very Good. The overall average response
the majority of the respondents evaluated the proposed systems Portability
as Very Good. The average weighted mean who said Very Good was
the sample.

65
2.5 In terms of Reliability
Table 5.9
Software Evaluation for the Proposed System in terms of Reliability
Interpretation
Excellent 1 4% 4
Very Good 9 36% 2
Good 11 44% 1 3.57 23.75
Fair 4 16% 3
Poor 0 0%
Total No. of 25 100
Respondents
(N)
As described in the table 5.9, out of 25 respondents, 9 of them or 36%
of the respondents rated Very Good which rank 2, 1 of them or 4% of the
respondents rated Excellent which rank 4, and 11 of them or 44% of
rated Fair. The computed mean was 3.57 and the verbal interpretation in the
systems reliability classified as Very Good.

66
most observations shown the rating scale of Good covered the 44% of the
total response and 36% rating for Very Good. The overall average response
the majority of the respondents evaluated the proposed systems Reliability as
Very Good. The average weighted mean who said Very Good was
In the statistical treatment used, the obtained computed value in chi-
the sample.
2.6 In terms of Security

67
Table 5.10
Software Evaluation for the Proposed System in terms of Security
Verbal Frequency Percentage Rank Mean Chi-
Interpretation square
Excellent 6 24% 2nd
Good 4 16% 3rd 4.00 25.00
Fair 2 8% 4th
Poor 0 0%
Total No. of 25 0
Respondents (N)
As depicted in the table 5.10, out of 25 respondents, 13 of them or 52%
of the respondents rated Very Good which rank 1, 6 of them or 24% of the
respondents rated Good which rank 3, 2 of them or 8% of the respondents
rated Fair which rank 4. The computed mean was 4.00 and the verbal
interpretation in the systems Security classified as Very Good.

68
Security as Very Good. The average weighted mean who said Very Good
was significantly higher than the rest of the sample.
the sample.

69
2.7 In terms of Usability
Table 5.11
Software Evaluation for the Proposed System in terms of Usability
Verbal Frequency Percentage Rank Mean Chi-Square
Interpretation
Excellent 7 28% 2nd
Good 4 16% 3rd 3.57 25.00
Fair 1 4% 4th
Poor 0 0%

Respondents
(N)
As depicted in the table 5.11, out of 25 respondents, 13 of them or 52%
of the respondents rated Very Good which rank 1; 6 of them or 24% of the
respondents rated Good which rank 3; 1 of them or 4% of respondents
rated Fair which rank 4.The computed mean was 4.00 and the verbal
interpretation in the systems Usability classified as Very Good.

70
Usability as Very Good. The average weighted mean who said Very Good
was significantly higher than the rest of the sample.
the sample.

71
3. Summary of the Respondents Evaluation Criteria
Table 5.12
Summary Rate of Proposed System in terms of Criteria
Criteria Mean Verbal Chi-Square
Interpretation
Compatibility 3.57 Very Good 19.85
Functionality 4.00 Very Good 23.25
Maintainability 3.60 Very Good 25.00
Portability 4.00 Very Good 21.50
Reliability 3.57 Very Good 23.75
Security 4.00 Very Good 25.00
Usability 3.57 Very Good 25.00
Average Mean 4.00 Very Good
As shown in the table 5.12, the evaluation criteria in terms of
Compatibility, Reliability and Usability have a rate 3.57 with verbal
interpretation of Very Good, Functionality, Portability and Security have a
rate of 4.00 with a verbal interpretation of Very Good, Maintainability has a
rate of 3.60 and a verbal interpretation of Very Good. The average of the
respondents evaluation in terms of criteria was 4.00 with an overall verbal
interpretation of Very Good.

72
Chapter VI
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
This chapter contains conclusions based on the findings from the
study. Conclusions were organized by research question and supported by
either quantitative data or a combination of quantitative and qualitative data
that where appropriate.
Summary
In terms of Compatibility, majority of the respondents perceived that the
proposed system can be used in any devices and this work with ease. In
terms of Functionality on the other hand, this provides adequate guidelines
on how to use the application. In terms of Maintainability, majority of the
respondents convinced that the proposed system was capable in updating
and monitoring technical stumble majority of the respondents were satisfied
with the system by providing the right tutorial for the user. In terms of
Portability, the respondents use the tap card system as very convenient as
long as there was an internet connection. In terms of Reliability, majority of
the respondents perceived that the proposed system was capable of
delivering a quality service to the user. In terms of Usability, majority of the
respondents perceived that the proposed system operates in the convenience
of the user.

73
Conclusions
The conclusions were based on the findings in the study which
includes the set forth criteria- Compatibility, Functionality, Maintainability,
Portability, Reliability, Security and Usability.
The proposed system has satisfied all the criteria set forth. Tthe
proposal was found to be compatible, functional, maintainable, reliable,
portable, secure and usable with an overall average mean of 3.57 - 4.00 or
the proposed system concludes a verbal interpretation of Very Good. Now
with the use of the design project, the user can provide the necessary
information and data for the reference of the doctor and medical staff in the
records.
Recommendations
There was always a room for improvement and a wide range of this
study that must be taken into consideration. Similar studies may be conducted
on the NFC tap card system.
Based on the results of the study, the following recommendations were
made by the researcher:
1. The strength of NFC technology arises from this eases of use by
triggering the communication just with a simple touch in a short distance, and
terminating the communication immediately as the devices detach. One of the

74
most important aspects of NFC technology was inherent security, since the
communication range was extremely short.
2. Support from the Barangay Health Center in terms of trainings and
personnel development. This was an understatement to make sure the full
implementation of the said database system.
3. Conduct of the same study with a larger group of participants or with
longer duration. The study was proposed to be conducted by future
researchers of the same field with larger number of participants. Those future
researches conduct for a longer duration to have a sufficient data for more
accurate interpretation.
4. This also suggested exploring more on the other factors this could
be improved like using NFC tags that provide medical professionals with
information about what treatments a patient should receive, and also keep
track of when nurses and doctors have checked in with that patient. Each
time the tag was scanned, the information can be transferred to a database.
5. Comparison of results of different respondents was suggested to be
conducted in terms of interview and using larger number of participants.

75
BIBLIOGRAPHY
[1] Kerem Ok, Vedat Coskun, Busra Ozdenizci (2011), Theory to Practice,
John Wiley & Son Ltd.: Atrium, Southern Gate, chicsussex, P019
8SQ, United Kingdom.
[2] KeremOk, VedatCoskun, BusraOzdenizci (2013), Professional NFC

Application Development for Android, John Wiley & Son Ltd.: Atrium,
Southern Gate, chicsussex, P019 8SQ, United Kingdom.
[3] Subtil, Vitor (2016), Near Field Communication with Android Cookbook
Pack, John Wiley & Sons Ltd.: Atrium, Southern Gate, chicsussex,
P019 8SQ, United Kingdom.
[4] Michael,Roland (2013), Security Issues in Mobile NFC Devices, John

Wiley & Son Ltd.: Atrium, Southern Gate, chicsussex, P019 8SQ,
United Kingdom.
[5] Paret, Dominique (2016), Design Constraints for NFC Devices, John
Wiley & Son Ltd.: Atrium, Southern Gate, chicsussex, P019 8SQ,
United Kingdom.
[6] Paret, Dominique (2016), Antennas Designs for NFC Devices, John Wiley
& Son Ltd.: Atrium, Southern Gate, chicsussex, P019 8SQ, United
Kingdom.
[7] Igoe, Tom (2012), Getting Started with RFID: Identify Objects in the
Physical World with Arduino, Maker Media, Inc.: Sebastopol, California.
[8] Near field communication (NFC) based card payment prototype

April 2012 2013,
https://www.library.strathmore.edu/graduate/abstract.php?biblionumber
=310717
Accessed date: September 28, 2016 Accessed time:10:00 pm
[9] SPHM2S: Smart Patient m-Healthcare Monitoring System with NFC

http://www.ijcat.com/archives/volume4/issue12/ijcatr04121015.pdf

76
September 28, 2016 Accessed time:10:04 pm
[10] A Systematic Review of Healthcare Applications for Smartphones

http://bmcmedinformdecismak.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/147
2-6947-12-67
[11] Classification of NFC Applications in Diverse Service Domains - ijcce

www.ijcce.org/papers/260-F00028.pdf
[12] NFC Research Framework: A Literature Review ... - NFC Research

Lab
www.nfclab.com/papers/NFCResearchFramework.pdf
[13] Using NFC-Enabled Mobile Phones for Public Health in Developing ...
https://dspace.mit.edu/openaccess-disseminate/1721.1/59986
[14] T-Mobile USA offers sleep tracker deviceMobiHealthNews

www.mobihealthnews.com/13538/t-mobile-usa-offers-sleep-tracker-
[15] SD Association and Near Field Communication Forum Sign ...

https://www.sdcard.org/.../SD_Association_and_Near_Field_
Communication_Forum
[16] SWOT Analysis of Near Field Communication Technology

www.aabri.com/NO2013Manuscripts/NO13069.pdf
[17] A Healthcare CFO's Guide to Smart Card ... - Smart Card Alliance
www.smartcardalliance.org/.../Healthcare_CFO_Guide_to_Smart_C
ards_FINAL_012...

77
September 30, 2016 Accessed time:11:00 am
[18] NFC Portal site Case Studies Personal Health Record (PHR) system ...
www.nfc-world.com/en/cases/phr.html
[19] NFC Based Health Care System - International Journal of Innovative ...
ijiset.com/vol3/v3s4/IJISET_V3_I4_66.pdf
[20] Using RFID/NFC and QR-Code in Mobile Phones to Link - InTech

cdn.intechopen.com/pdfs/31056.pdf
[21] PhilCare revolutionizes health care availment with NFC cards | STAY ...
https://stayadventurousblog.wordpress.com/.../philcare-
revolutionizes- health-care-avai..

78
Appendix A
Approval Letter

79
APPENDIX A

80
Appendix B
Evaluation Tools

81
Improving Health Center Services using Mobile tap Card
For Kalayaan Health Center
Name (Optional) Date
Instruction: this questionnaire consists of two parts. Please read carefully
And the direction called for
Part 1.Personal/Professional Qualifications (Please mark the box Provide with

an x
1. Age 2. Gender
18-25 Male
23-33 Female
34-41
42-49
50 above
3. Designation 4. Highest Educational

Attainment
Police Elementary
Teacher High School
Student College
Staff Masteral

82
Others
Part II Software design evaluation to determine the environment of of the
system in terms of criteria under ISO/EC25010,Please rate the following
Based on the result as truthfully and objectively as possible and place an
X in the Box that represent your opinion
Legend (for A-D ) : 5 is the Highest and 1 was the lowest

Verbal interpretation Weight
Excellent 5
Very good 4
Good 3
Fair 2
Poor 1
CRITERIA 1 2 3 4 5
Compatibility (This term refers to availability
of the System Locate records easily)
- How would you rate the accessibility of
proposed system in searching and retrieving

83
the information?
Functionality (The user-friendliness of the system s
graphical user interface (GUI)).
- Is the system design suitable for all?
Maintainability ( This term refers to the availability of
the proposed system to provide sustainability)
- How would you rate the maintainability of the
proposed system in the updating/modifying
stored data?
Security (This term refers to the availability of the
proposed system to provide protection for the user)
- How would you rate the security of the proposed
system in the accessing data?

84
Portability (This term refers to the availability of the
proposed system to provide sustainability)
- How would you rate the portability of the
proposed system?
Comments/Suggestions:
Your participation is highly appreciated. Thank You!

85
Appendix C
Screenshots

86
Figure 4.11 Screenshots for writing the URL to access the patient
information

87
Figure 4.11 Screenshots to view all profile of the patients

88
Appendix D
Market Analysis
IMPROVING HEALTH CENTER SERVICE USING MOBILE TAP CARD FOR
KALAYAAN HEALTH CENTER
Hardware Requirement
Quantity Brand/ Item Unit Price Total Cost Price

(pcs)

89
1 Dell Inspiron Php 10,000.00 Php 10,000.00

660S
1 19 inch LCD Php 3, 220.00 Php 3, 220.00

Monitor
1 Samsung Galaxy Php 10, 995.00 Php 10, 995.00

S3
1 NFC Smart Card Php 150.00 Php 150.00
Sandisk Memory Php 800.00 Php 800.00

card 32GB
TOTAL Php 35, 165.00
Software Requirement
Quantity Brand/ Item Unit Price Total Cost Price

(pcs)

90
1 Android 4.3 Free Free
1 Wamp Server Free Free
1 Domain Name Php 400.00 Php 400.00
TOTAL Php 400.00
Source: PC Gilmore
Factor to Consider:
1. Android Operating System a free firmware when buying a

Smartphone device.
2. Wamp server a open source software.
Maintenance Cost:
Maintenance Cost = Total Amount * 0.20
= 35,565 * 0.20
Maintenance Cost = Php 7, 113.00

91
Development Cost:
Profit = Total Amount * 0.30
= 35, 565 * 0.30
Profit = Php10, 669.50
Development Cost = 35,565 + 10, 669.50
Development Cost = Php46, 234.50

92
Appendix E
Environmental Analysis
Environmental Analysis
The things to consider that benefits each of these technologies can
provide independently. With the use of this technology, this lessens the use of
paper in keeping medical records of patients in health care center and
hospitals. One of the environmental issues in this system, after using the NFC
card does have any environmental use. NFC technology can reduce long

93
lines and make the customer experience better overall. NFC does have a
share of problems, as were expected with any new technology.
Components Toxic Non-toxic
NFC card X
Sim card X
Memory card X
Lithium Battery X
Charger X
Samsung Galaxy S3 X
Cellphone

94
Appendix F
Legal Implications
Legal Implications
The implications of extended and intensive use of near field
communications (NFC) were far reaching for new business applications, for
the delivery of public services such as transport, and for public policy. This
technology transformative for a large number of applications and has

95
stimulated innumerable innovative forms, but so far there has been insufficient
insight expressed in discussions about its impact and risks.
[REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10173]
AN ACT PROTECTING INDIVIDUAL PERSONAL INFORMATION IN

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS IN THE
GOVERNMENT AND THE PRIVATE SECTOR, CREATING FOR THIS
PURPOSE A NATIONAL PRIVACY COMMISSION, AND FOR OTHER
PURPOSES
Be it enacted, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines

in Congress assembled:
CHAPTER I
GENERAL PROVISIONS
SECTION 1. Short Title. This Act shall be known as the Data Privacy Act of
2012.
SEC. 2. Declaration of Policy. It is the policy of the State to protect the
fundamental human right of privacy, of communication while ensuring free
flow of information to promote innovation and growth. The State recognizes
the vital role of information and communications technology in nation-building
and its inherent obligation to ensure that personal information in information
and communications systems in the government and in the private sector are
secured and protected.
SEC. 3. Definition of Terms. Whenever used in this Act, the following terms
shall have the respective meanings hereafter set forth:

96
(a) Commission shall refer to the National Privacy Commission created by
virtue of this Act.
(b) Consent of the data subject refers to any freely given, specific, informed
indication of whereby the data subject agrees to the collection and processing
of personal information about and/or relating to him or her. Consent shall be
evidenced by written, electronic or recorded means. It may also be given on
behalf of the data subject by an agent specifically authorized by the data
subject to do so.
(c) Data subject refers to an individual whose personal information is
processed.
(d) Direct marketing refers to communication by whatever means of any
advertising or marketing material which is directed to particular individuals.
(e) Filing system refers to any act of information relating to natural or juridical
persons to the extent that, although the information is not processed by
equipment operating automatically in response to instructions given for that
purpose, the set is structured, either by reference to individuals or by
reference to criteria relating to individuals, in such a way that specific
information relating to a particular person is readily accessible.
(f) Information and Communications System refers to a system for generating,
sending, receiving, storing or otherwise processing electronic data messages
or electronic documents and includes the computer system or other similar

97
device by or which data is recorded, transmitted or stored and any procedure
related to the recording, transmission or storage of electronic data, electronic
message, or electronic document.
(g) Personal information refers to any information whether recorded in a
material form or not, from which the identity of an individual is apparent or can
be reasonably and directly ascertained by the entity holding the information,
or when put together with other information would directly and certainly
identify an individual.
(h) Personal information controller refers to a person or organization who
controls the collection, holding, processing or use of personal information,
including a person or organization who instructs another person or
organization to collect, hold, process, use, transfer or disclose personal
information on his or her behalf. The term excludes:
(1) A person or organization who performs such functions as instructed by
another person or organization; and
(2) An individual who collects, holds, processes or uses personal information
in connection with the individuals personal, family or household affairs.
(i) Personal information processor refers to any natural or juridical person
qualified to act as such under this Act to whom a personal information
controller may outsource the processing of personal data pertaining to a data
subject.

98
(j) Processing refers to any operation or any set of operations performed upon
personal information including, but not limited to, the collection, recording,
organization, storage, updating or modification, retrieval, consultation, use,
consolidation, blocking, erasure or destruction of data.
(k) Privileged information refers to any and all forms of data which under the
Rules of Court and other pertinent laws constitute privileged communication.
(l) Sensitive personal information refers to personal information:
(1) About an individuals race, ethnic origin, marital status, age, color, and
religious, philosophical or political affiliations;
(2) About an individuals health, education, genetic or sexual life of a person,
or to any proceeding for any offense committed or alleged to have been
committed by such person, the disposal of such proceedings, or the sentence
of any court in such proceedings;
(3) Issued by government agencies peculiar to an individual which includes,
but not limited to, social security numbers, previous or cm-rent health records,
licenses or its denials, suspension or revocation, and tax returns; and
(4) Specifically established by an executive order or an act of Congress to be
kept classified.
SEC. 4. Scope. This Act applies to the processing of all types of personal
information and to any natural and juridical person involved in personal

99
information processing including those personal information controllers and
processors who, although not found or established in the Philippines, use
equipment that are located in the Philippines, or those who maintain an office,
branch or agency in the Philippines subject to the immediately succeeding
paragraph: Provided, That the requirements of Section 5 are complied with.
This Act does not apply to the following:
(a) Information about any individual who is or was an officer or employee of a
government institution that relates to the position or functions of the individual,
including:
(1) The fact that the individual is or was an officer or employee of the
government institution;
(2) The title, business address and office telephone number of the individual;
(3) The classification, salary range and responsibilities of the position held by
the individual; and
(4) The name of the individual on a document prepared by the individual in the
course of employment with the government;
(b) Information about an individual who is or was performing service under
contract for a government institution that relates to the services performed,
including the terms of the contract, and the name of the individual given in the
course of the performance of those services;

100
(c) Information relating to any discretionary benefit of a financial nature such
as the granting of a license or permit given by the government to an
individual, including the name of the individual and the exact nature of the
benefit;
(d) Personal information processed for journalistic, artistic, literary or research
purposes;
(e) Information necessary in order to carry out the functions of public authority
which includes the processing of personal data for the performance by the
independent, central monetary authority and law enforcement and regulatory
agencies of their constitutionally and statutorily mandated functions. Nothing
in this Act shall be construed as to have amended or repealed Republic Act
No. 1405, otherwise known as the Secrecy of Bank Deposits Act; Republic
Act No. 6426, otherwise known as the Foreign Currency Deposit Act; and
Republic Act No. 9510, otherwise known as the Credit Information System Act
(CISA);
(f) Information necessary for banks and other financial institutions under the
jurisdiction of the independent, central monetary authority or Bangko Sentral
ng Pilipinas to comply with Republic Act No. 9510, and Republic Act No.
9160, as amended, otherwise known as the Anti-Money Laundering Act and
other applicable laws; and

101
(g) Personal information originally collected from residents of foreign
jurisdictions in accordance with the laws of those foreign jurisdictions,
including any applicable data privacy laws, which is being processed in the
Philippines.
SEC. 5. Protection Afforded to Journalists and Their Sources. Nothing in
this Act shall be construed as to have amended or repealed the provisions of
Republic Act No. 53, which affords the publishers, editors or duly accredited
reporters of any newspaper, magazine or periodical of general circulation
protection from being compelled to reveal the source of any news report or
information appearing in said publication which was related in any confidence
to such publisher, editor, or reporter.
SEC. 6. Extraterritorial Application. This Act applies to an act done or
practice engaged in and outside of the Philippines by an entity if:
(a) The act, practice or processing relates to personal information about a
Philippine citizen or a resident;
(b) The entity has a link with the Philippines, and the entity is processing
personal information in the Philippines or even if the processing is outside the
Philippines as long as it is about Philippine citizens or residents such as, but
not limited to, the following:
(1) A contract is entered in the Philippines;

102
(2) A juridical entity unincorporated in the Philippines but has central
management and control in the country; and
(3) An entity that has a branch, agency, office or subsidiary in the Philippines
and the parent or affiliate of the Philippine entity has access to personal
information; and
(c) The entity has other links in the Philippines such as, but not limited to:
(1) The entity carries on business in the Philippines; and
(2) The personal information was collected or held by an entity in the
Philippines.
CHAPTER II
THE NATIONAL PRIVACY COMMISSION
SEC. 7. Functions of the National Privacy Commission. To administer and
implement the provisions of this Act, and to monitor and ensure compliance of
the country with international standards set for data protection, there is hereby
created an independent body to be known as the National Privacy
Commission, winch shall have the following functions:

103
(a) Ensure compliance of personal information controllers with the provisions
of this Act;
(b) Receive complaints, institute investigations, facilitate or enable settlement
of complaints through the use of alternative dispute resolution processes,
adjudicate, award indemnity on matters affecting any personal information,
prepare reports on disposition of complaints and resolution of any
investigation it initiates, and, in cases it deems appropriate, publicize any such
report: Provided, That in resolving any complaint or investigation (except
where amicable settlement is reached by the parties), the Commission shall
act as a collegial body. For this purpose, the Commission may be given
access to personal information that is subject of any complaint and to collect
the information necessary to perform its functions under this Act;
(c) Issue cease and desist orders, impose a temporary or permanent ban on
the processing of personal information, upon finding that the processing be
detrimental to national security and public interest;
(d) Compel or petition any entity, government agency or instrumentality to
abide by its orders or take action on a matter affecting data privacy;
(e) Monitor the compliance of other government agencies or instrumentalities
on their security and technical measures and recommend the necessary
action in order to meet minimum standards for protection of personal
information pursuant to this Act;

104
(f) Coordinate with other government agencies and the private sector on
efforts to formulate and implement plans and policies to strengthen the
protection of personal information in the country;
(g) Publish on a regular basis a guide to all laws relating to data protection;
(h) Publish a compilation of agency system of records and notices, including
index and other finding aids;
(i) Recommend to the Department of Justice (DOJ) the prosecution and
imposition of penalties specified in Sections 25 to 29 of this Act;
(j) Review, approve, reject or require modification of privacy codes voluntarily
adhered to by personal information controllers: Provided, That the privacy
codes shall adhere to the underlying data privacy principles embodied in this
Act: Provided, further,That such privacy codes may include private dispute
resolution mechanisms for complaints against any participating personal
information controller. For this purpose, the Commission shall consult with
relevant regulatory agencies in the formulation and administration of privacy
codes applying the standards set out in this Act, with respect to the persons,
entities, business activities and business sectors that said regulatory bodies
are authorized to principally regulate pursuant to the law: Provided,
finally. That the Commission may review such privacy codes and require
changes thereto for purposes of complying with this Act;

105
(k) Provide assistance on matters relating to privacy or data protection at the
request of a national or local agency, a private entity or any person;
(l) Comment on the implication on data privacy of proposed national or local
statutes, regulations or procedures, issue advisory opinions and interpret the
provisions of this Act and other data privacy laws;
(m) Propose legislation, amendments or modifications to Philippine laws on
privacy or data protection as may be necessary;
(n) Ensure proper and effective coordination with data privacy regulators in
other countries and private accountability agents, participate in international
and regional initiatives for data privacy protection;
(o) Negotiate and contract with other data privacy authorities of other
countries for cross-border application and implementation of respective
privacy laws;
(p) Assist Philippine companies doing business abroad to respond to foreign
privacy or data protection laws and regulations; and
(q) Generally perform such acts as may be necessary to facilitate cross-
border enforcement of data privacy protection.
SEC. 8. Confidentiality. The Commission shall ensure at all times the
confidentiality of any personal information that comes to its knowledge and
possession.

106
SEC. 9. Organizational Structure of the Commission. The Commission shall
be attached to the Department of Information and Communications
Technology (DICT) and shall be headed by a Privacy Commissioner, who
shall also act as Chairman of the Commission. The Privacy Commissioner
shall be assisted by two (2) Deputy Privacy Commissioners, one to be
responsible for Data Processing Systems and one to be responsible for
Policies and Planning. The Privacy Commissioner and the two (2) Deputy
Privacy Commissioners shall be appointed by the President of the Philippines
for a term of three (3) years, and may be reappointed for another term of three
(3) years. Vacancies in the Commission shall be filled in the same manner in
which the original appointment was made.
The Privacy Commissioner must be at least thirty-five (35) years of age and of
good moral character, unquestionable integrity and known probity, and a
recognized expert in the field of information technology and data privacy. The
Privacy Commissioner shall enjoy the benefits, privileges and emoluments
equivalent to the rank of Secretary.
The Deputy Privacy Commissioners must be recognized experts in the field of
information and communications technology and data privacy. This shall
enjoy the benefits, privileges and emoluments equivalent to the rank of
Undersecretary.
The Privacy Commissioner, the Deputy Commissioners, or any person acting
on their behalf or under their direction, shall not be civilly liable for acts done

107
in good faith in the performance of their duties. However, he or she shall be
liable for willful or negligent acts done by him or her which are contrary to law,
morals, public policy and good customs even if he or she acted under orders
or instructions of superiors: Provided, That in case a lawsuit is filed against
such official on the subject of the performance of his or her duties, where such
performance is lawful, he or she shall be reimbursed by the Commission for
reasonable costs of litigation.
SEC. 10. The Secretariat. The Commission is hereby authorized to
establish a Secretariat. Majority of the members of the Secretariat must have
served for at least five (5) years in any agency of the government that is
involved in the processing of personal information including, but not limited to,
the following offices: Social Security System (SSS), Government Service
Insurance System (GSIS), Land Transportation Office (LTO), Bureau of
Internal Revenue (BIR), Philippine Health Insurance Corporation (PhilHealth),
Commission on Elections (COMELEC), Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA),
Department of Justice (DOJ), and Philippine Postal Corporation (Philpost).
CHAPTER III
PROCESSING OF PERSONAL INFORMATION
SEC. 11. General Data Privacy Principles. The processing of personal
information shall be allowed, subject to compliance with the requirements of
this Act and other laws allowing disclosure of information to the public and

108
adherence to the principles of transparency, legitimate purpose and
proportionality.
Personal information must, be:
(a) Collected for specified and legitimate purposes determined and declared
before, or as soon as reasonably practicable after collection, and later
processed in a way compatible with such declared, specified and legitimate
purposes only;
(b) Processed fairly and lawfully;
(c) Accurate, relevant and, where necessary for purposes for which it is to be
used the processing of personal information, kept up to date; inaccurate or
incomplete data must be rectified, supplemented, destroyed or their further
processing restricted;
(d) Adequate and not excessive in relation to the purposes for which collected
and processed;
(e) Retained only for as long as necessary for the fulfillment of the purposes
for which the data was obtained or for the establishment, exercise or defense
of legal claims, or for legitimate business purposes, or as provided by law;
and
(f) Kept in a form which permits identification of data subjects for no longer
than is necessary for the purposes for which the data were collected and

109
processed: Provided, That personal information collected for other purposes
may lie processed for historical, statistical or scientific purposes, and in cases
laid down in law may be stored for longer periods: Provided, further,That
adequate safeguards are guaranteed by said laws authorizing their
processing.
The personal information controller must ensure implementation of personal
information processing principles set out herein.
SEC. 12. Criteria for Lawful Processing of Personal Information. The
processing of personal information shall be permitted only if not otherwise
prohibited by law, and when at least one of the following conditions exists:
(a) The data subject has given his or her consent;
(b) The processing of personal information is necessary and is related to the
fulfillment of a contract with the data subject or in order to take steps at the
request of the data subject prior to entering into a contract;
(c) The processing is necessary for compliance with a legal obligation to
which the personal information controller is subject;
(d) The processing is necessary to protect vitally important interests of the
data subject, including life and health;
(e) The processing is necessary in order to respond to national emergency, to
comply with the requirements of public order and safety, or to fulfill functions

110
of public authority which necessarily includes the processing of personal data
for the fulfillment of its mandate; or
(f) The processing is necessary for the purposes of the legitimate interests
pursued by the personal information controller or by a third party or parties to
whom the data is disclosed, except where such interests are overridden by
fundamental rights and freedoms of the data subject which require protection
under the Philippine Constitution.
SEC. 13. Sensitive Personal Information and Privileged Information. The
processing of sensitive personal information and privileged information shall
be prohibited, except in the following cases:
(a) The data subject has given his or her consent, specific to the purpose prior
to the processing, or in the case of privileged information, all parties to the
exchange have given their consent prior to processing;
(b) The processing of the same is provided for by existing laws and
regulations: Provided, That such regulatory enactments guarantee the
protection of the sensitive personal information and the privileged
information: Provided, further, That the consent of the data subjects are not
required by law or regulation permitting the processing of the sensitive
personal information or the privileged information;

111
(c) The processing is necessary to protect the life and health of the data
subject or another person, and the data subject is not legally or physically
able to express his or her consent prior to the processing;
(d) The processing is necessary to achieve the lawful and noncommercial
objectives of public organizations and their associations: Provided, That such
processing is only confined and related to the bona fide members of these
organizations or their associations: Provided, further, That the sensitive
personal information are not transferred to third parties: Provided, finally,That
consent of the data subject was obtained prior to processing;
(e) The processing is necessary for purposes of medical treatment, is carried
out by a medical practitioner or a medical treatment institution, and an
adequate level of protection of personal information is ensured; or
(f) The processing concerns such personal information as is necessary for the
protection of lawful rights and interests of natural or legal persons in court
proceedings, or the establishment, exercise or defense of legal claims, or
when provided to government or public authority.
SEC. 14. Subcontract of Personal Information. A personal information
controller may subcontract the processing of personal
information: Provided, That the personal information controller shall be
responsible for ensurreing that proper safeguards are in place to ensure the
confidentiality of the personal information processed, prevent its use for
unauthorized purposes, and generally, comply with the requirements of this

112
Act and other laws for processing of personal information. The personal
information processor shall comply with all the requirements of this Act and
other applicable laws.
SEC. 15. Extension of Privileged Communication. Personal information
controllers may invoke the principle of privileged communication over
privileged information that lawfully control or process. Subject to existing laws
and regulations, any evidence gathered on privileged information is
inadmissible.

113
Appendix G
Relevant Source Code
Appendix H
Gantt chart
114

115
Table 5.14 Gantt Chart
Appendix I
Progress Report
Progress Report
Introduction

116
Progress of the proposed system: Improving Health Center using
Mobile tap card in Kalayaan Health Center. Hereby, the assignment
development and accomplishment schedules of the tasks reflected on the
Gantt chart were promptly described towards the system developments
progress evaluation.
TASK 1.
Searching for Subject Company
INCLUSIVE DATES: 7-16-16 to 7-25-16
DESCRIPTION:
For 10 days the proponents search for a prospective company and
decided to conduct study in Kalayaan Health Center in Damayang-lagi,
Quezon City. The challenge is how the study be conducted in order that the
proposed system results be successful. In the Kalayaan Health Center, the
proponents noticed that a record management system was needed in order to
organize all the medical records of patients.
TASK 2:
Conducting the Initial Interview

117
DESCRIPTION:
In this period, the proponents have conducted an initial interview with
the key informant of the research project, Dr. Verdades Linga, City Health
Officer, Quezon City Health Department. Inquiries were asked to know the
background of the health center and the existing problem or problems being
encountered by the said entity which the development of the system can
address and implemented.
TASK 3:
Analyzing the Existing Problem
INCLUSIE DATES: 7-31-16 to 8-11-16
DESCRIPTION:
This was existing problem in every agency in which the proper record
management must maintained. In this way, the proponents have come up with
the idea of using NFC card that may be used in order to provide data and
records with ease in the Kalayaan Health center.
TASK 4:
Documenting the Study

118
DESCRIPTION:
This was conducted in more than (7) seven months; the proponents
were on track in documenting this study. The documentation of this study was
able to provide the necessary requirements and information which were
needed in order to ease the work of personnel in tracking the medical records
of patients in the health center.
TASK 5:
Developing the System
DESCRIPTION:
This was intended for more than seven (7) months, the proponents
engineered the proposed system. The ideas and concepts formed from the
analysis of the problem were applied to use in system development and thus
the following stages of system development were worked out with the
requirements stage: Deployment and Software, Prototyping and
Implementation of the Proposed System.
TASK 6:
Testing and Evaluating the System

119
DESCRIPTION:
In the facilitation of the proposed system the data of the patients were
input in the NFC card to ease the work of the personnel. After the
implementation stage, the surveys were facilitated in the personnel and
random patients that had been the subject of the study. Twenty five (25)
respondents were being used in the pursuit of this study.
TASK 7:
Analyzing the Survey Results
DESCRIPTION:
The data gathered from the conducted survey were analyzed by the
proponents for the studys statistical treatment. Each respondents rating was
carefully tabulated in order to derive a credible and unbiased findings or
result. The Likert Scale method was towards the rating scheme of the
respondents.
TASK 8:
Operating the Proposed System

120
DESCRIPTION:
The final task in the entire study was to operate the system and this
fully-developed system was presented to the faculty of AICSs Computer
Science Department for further recommendations. This has been suggested
for further revisions to accomplish the entire the study.

121
Appendix J
Computation for
Statistical Treatment
Compatibility in the Proposed System
I. Computation of Frequency
Formula: F = F/N

122
where,
F= the relative frequency of each class interval
N = the sample size
Solution:
Excellent:
f = (2)/1
f=2
Very Good:
f= (8)/1
f=8
Good:
f = (11)/1
f = 11
Satisfactory:
f = (3)/1
f= 3

123
Fair:
f= (1)/1
f= 1
Excellent Very Good Good Satisfactory Fair Total
2 8 11 3 1 25
II. Computation of Percentage
Formula: P = f/ N x 100
where,
P = percentage
Solution:
Excellent:
P = (2/25) * 100

124
P = 8%
Very Good:
P = (8/25) * 100
P = 32%
Good:
P = (11/25) * 100
P = 44%
Satisfactory:
P = (3/25) * 100
P = 12%
Fair:
P = (1/25) * 100
P = 4%
8% 32% 44% 12% 4% 100%

125
III. Computation of Mean
Formula: X
x
n
where:
X = mean of the ungrouped data
x = sum of the observed frequencies
n= number of frequency in the sample
Solution:
X (2 8 11 3 1) / 7 3.57
Categ Items Mean

ory
Actual Observation Per Respondents
No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 1 19 20 21 2 23 24 25
8 2
Comp 1 4 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 2 3 4 4 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 1
atibilit
y
IV. Computation of Chi - Square
(O E ) 2

2
Formula: x , with df = c-1
E
where,

126
X 2 = computed Chi - Square value
O = observed frequency
E = expected frequency
df = degrees of freedom
C = total number of columns
Ho : There was no significant difference in the evaluations respondents
in terms of the overall compatibility feature of the proposed system improving
health center service using Mobile Tap Card.
H1 : There was a significant difference in the respondents in terms of
the overall compatibility feature of the proposed system improving health
center service using Mobile Tap Card.
Level of Significance = 0.05
Rejection Region: Reject Ho if X2 Computed X2 Table
Computation:
X2 = [(2-4)2/4]+ [(8-4)2/4]+[(11-4)2/4]+[(3-4)2/4]+[(1-4)2/4] = 1.00 + 4.00 + 12.3
+ 0.3 + 2.25 = 19.85

127
O E O-E (O-E)2 (O-E)2E
2 4 -2 4 1
8 4 4 16 4
11 4 7 49 12.3
3 4 -1 1 0.3
1 4 -3 9 2.25
X2 Computed 19.85
Statistical Decision Reject Ho since the computed value of Chi- Square
(19.85) was greater than the critical or table value (9.48) at 0.05 level of
significance with 4 degrees of freedom.
X2 Computed > X2 Table
Interpretation /Conclusion: In this case, the proponents concluded that
there was a significant difference in the evaluations of the respondents in
terms of the overall compatibility feature of the proposed Mobile tap card. The
ability of the system to provide medical record of the patient using NFC card
was evident.
Functionality in the Proposed System

128
Formula: F = F/N
where,
N = the sample size
Solution:
Excellent:
f = (0)/1
f=0
Very Good:
f= (10)/1
= 10
Good:
f = (8)/1
f=8

129
Satisfactory:
f = (7)/1
f=7
Fair:
f= (0)/1
f=0
0 10 8 7 0 25
where,
P = percentage
Solution:
Excellent:
P = (0/25) * 100

130
P = 0%
Very Good:
P = (10/25) * 100
P = 40%
Good:
P = (8/25) * 100
P = 32%
Satisfactory:
P = (7/25) * 100
P = 28%
Fair:
P = (0/25) * 100
P = 0%
0% 40% 32% 28% 0% 100%

131
Formula:
X
x
n
where:
n= number of all frequencies
Solution:
X (0 10 8 7 0) / 7 4.00
Categ Items Mean

ory
No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Functi 1 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 2 2 4 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 2 2 3 4 4 3
onality
4.00
Formula:

132
(O E ) 2

2
x , with df = c-1
E
where,
Ho: There was no significant difference in the evaluations respondents
in terms of the overall functionality feature of the proposed system improving
H1: There was a significant difference in the respondents in terms of
the overall functionality feature of the proposed system improving health
center service using Mobile Tap Card.
Rejection Region: Reject Ho if X2 Computed
Computation:

133
X2 = [(0-4)2/4]+ [(10-4)2/4]+[(8-4)2/4]+[(7-4)2/4]+[(0-4)2/4] = 4.00 + 9.00 + 4.00
+ 2.25 + 4.00 = 23.25
0 4 -4 16 4
10 4 6 36 9
8 4 4 16 4
7 4 3 9 2.25
0 4 -4 16 4
X2 Computed 23.25
(23.25) was greater than the critical or table value (9.48) at 0.05 level of
X2 Computed > X2 Table
terms of the overall functionality feature of the proposed Mobile tap card. The

134
was evident.
Maintainability in the Proposed System
Formula: F = F/N
where,
N = the sample size
Solution:
Excellent:
f = (7)/1
=7
Very Good:
f= (12)/1
= 12

135
Good:
f = (4)/1
=4
Satisfactory:
f = (2)/1
=2
Fair:
f= (0)/1
=0
7 12 4 2 0 25
where,
P = percentage

136
Solution:
Excellent:
P = (7/25) * 100
= 28%
Very Good:
P = (12/25) * 100
= 48%
Good:
P = (4/25) * 100
= 16%
Satisfactory:
P = (2/25) * 100
= 8%
Fair:
P = (0/25) * 100
= 0%

137
28% 48% 16% 8% 0% 100%
Formula:
X
x
n
where:
Solution:
X (7 12 4 2 0) / 7 3.60
Categ Items Mean

ory
No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Maint 1 3 5 4 2 4 4 3 4 3 4 3 2 3 2 4 4 4 4 3 2 3 3 4 3 4
anabili
4.00
ty

138
Formula:
(O E ) 2

2
x , with df = c-1
E
where,
Ho There was no significant difference in the evaluations respondents
in terms of the overall maintainability feature of the proposed system
improving health center service using Mobile Tap Card.
H1 There was a significant difference in the respondents in terms of the
overall maintainability feature of the proposed system improving health center
service using Mobile Tap Card.
Rejection Region: Reject Ho if X2 Computed X2 Table

139
Computation:
X2 = [(7-4)2/4]+ [(12-4)2/4]+[(4-4)2/4]+[(2-4)2/4]+[(0-4)2/4] = 4.00 + 16.00 + 0.00
+ 1.00 + 4.00 = 25.00
7 4 -4 16 4
12 4 8 64 16
4 4 0 0 0
2 4 -2 4 1
0 4 -4 16 4
X2 Computed 25.00
(25.00) was greater than the critical or tabular value (9.48) at 0.05 level of
X2 Computed > X2 Tabular

140
terms of the overall maintainability feature of the proposed Mobile tap card.
The ability of the system to provide medical record of the patient using NFC
card was evident.
Portability in the Proposed System
Formula: F = F/N
where,
N = the sample size
Solution:
Excellent:
f = (3)/1
=3
Very Good:
f= (8)/1

141
=8
Good:
f = (11)/1
= 11
Satisfactory:
f = (3)/1
=3
Fair:
f= (0)/1
=0
3 8 11 3 0 25
where,
P = percentage

142
Solution:
Excellent:
P = (3/25) * 100
= 12%
Very Good:
P = (8/25) * 100
= 32%
Good:
P = (11/25) * 100
= 44%
Satisfactory:
P = (3/25) * 100
= 12%
Fair:
P = (0/25) * 100
= 0%

143
12% 32% 44% 12% 0% 100%
Formula:
X
x
n
where:
Solution:
X (7 12 4 2 0) / 7 4.00
Categ Items Mean

ory
No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Portab 1 4 5 3 3 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 4 4 4 2 3 3 3 3
4.00
ility

144
Formula:
(O E ) 2

2
x , with df = c-1
E
where,
in terms of the overall portability feature of the proposed system improving
overall portability feature of the proposed system improving health center

145
Rejection Region: Reject Ho if X2 Computed x2 table
Computation:
X2 = [(3-4)2/4]+ [(8-4)2/4]+[(11-4)2/4]+[(3-4)2/4]+[(0-4)2/4] = 0.25 + 4.00 + 12.25
+ 1.00 + 4.00 = 21.50
3 4 -1 1 0.25
8 4 4 16 4
11 4 7 49 12.25
3 4 -1 1 1
0 4 -4 16 4
X2 Computed 21.50

146
terms of the overall portability feature of the proposed Mobile tap card. The
was evident.
Reliability in the Proposed System
Formula: F = F/N
where,
N = the sample size
Solution:
Excellent:
f = (1)/1
=1
Very Good:
f= (9)/1

147
=9
Good:
f = (11)/1
= 11
Satisfactory:
f = (4)/1 = 4
Fair: f= (0)/1
=0
1 9 11 4 0 25
where,
P = percentage

148
Solution:
Excellent:
P = (1/25) * 100
= 4%
Very Good:
P = (9/25) * 100
= 36%
Good:
P = (11/25) * 100
= 44%
Satisfactory:
P = (4/25) * 100
= 16%
Fair:
P = (0/25) * 100
= 0%

149
4% 36% 44% 16% 0% 100%
Formula: X
x
n
where:
Solution:
X (7 12 4 2 0) / 7 3.57
Categ Items Mean

ory
No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Reliab 1 2 4 4 3 3 3 4 4 3 2 1 3 3 2 3 3 4 3 3 3 4 3 4 4 4
ility
4.00
Formula:

150
(O E ) 2

2
x , with df = c-1
E
where,
in terms of the overall reliability feature of the proposed system improving
overall reliability feature of the proposed system improving health center
Rejection Region: Reject Hoif X2 Computed 49

151
Computation:
X2 = [(1-4)2/4]+ [(9-4)2/4]+[(11-4)2/4]+[(4-4)2/4]+[(0-4)2/4] = 0.25 + 6.25 + 12.25
+ 1.00 + 4.00 = 23.75
1 4 -3 1 0.25
9 4 5 25 6.25
11 4 7 49 12.25
3 4 -1 1 1
0 4 -4 16 4
X2 Computed 23.75
terms of the overall reliability feature of the proposed Mobile tap card. The

152
was evident.
Security in the Proposed System
Formula: F = F/N
where,
N = the sample size
Solution:
Excellent:
f = (6)/1
=6
Very Good:
f= (13)/1
= 13

153
Good:
f = (4)/1
=4
Satisfactory:
f = (2)/1
=2
Fair:
f= (0)/1
=0
6 13 4 2 0 25
where,
P = percentage

154
Solution:
Excellent:
P = (6/65) * 100
= 24%
Very Good:
P = (13/25) * 100
= 52%
Good:
P = (4/25) * 100
= 16%
Satisfactory:
P = (2/25) * 100
= 8%
Fair:
P = (0/25) * 100
= 0%

155
24% 52% 16% 2% 0% 100%
Formula:
X
x
n
where:
Solution:
X (6 13 4 2 0) / 7 4.00
Categ Items Mean

ory
No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Securi 1 3 4 4 2 3 4 3 4 3 2 2 3 2 3 4 4 4 3 4 3 2 4 3 4
ty
4.00

156
Formula:
(O E ) 2

2
x , with df = c-1
E
where,
in terms of the overall security feature of the proposed system improving
overall security feature of the proposed system improving health center
Rejection Region: Reject Ho if X2 Computed 49

157
Computation:
X2 = [(6-4)2/4]+ [(13-4)2/4]+[(4-4)2/4]+[(2-4)2/4]+[(0-4)2/4] = 1.00 + 20.25 + 0.00
+ 1.00 + 4.00 = 25.00
6 4 2 4 1
13 4 9 81 20.25
4 4 0 0 0
2 4 -2 4 1
0 4 -4 16 4
X2 Computed 26.25
terms of the overall security feature of the proposed Mobile tap card. The

158
was evident.
Usability in the Proposed System
Formula: F = F/N
where,
N = the sample size
Solution:
Excellent:
f = (7)/1
=7
Very Good:
f= (13)/1
= 13

159
Good:
f = (4)/1
=4
Satisfactory:
f = (1)/1
=1
Fair:
f= (0)/1
=0
7 13 4 1 0 25
where,
P = percentage

160
Solution:
Excellent:
P = (7/25) * 100
= 28%
Very Good:
P = (13/25) * 100
= 52%
Good:
P = (4/25) * 100
= 16%
Satisfactory:
P = (1/25) * 100
= 4%
Fair:
P = (0/25) * 100
= 0%

161
28% 52% 16% 4% 0% 100%
Formula:
X
x
n
where:
Solution:
X (7 13 4 1 0) / 7 3.57
Categ Items Mean

ory
No.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Usabil 1 2 2 3 3 3 4 3 4 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3
4.00
ity

162
Formula:
(O E ) 2

2
x , with df = c-1
E
where,
in terms of the overall usability feature of the proposed system improving
overall usability feature of the proposed system improving health center
Rejection Region: Reject Hoif X2 Computed 49

163
Computation:
X2 = [(7-4)2/4]+ [(13-4)2/4]+[(4-4)2/4]+[(1-4)2/4]+[(0-4)2/4] = 0.25 + 12.25 + 0.00
+ 2.25 + 4.00 = 25.00
7 4 3 9 2.25
13 4 7 49 12.25
4 4 0 0 0
1 4 -3 9 2.25
0 4 -4 16 4
X2 Computed 20.75
terms of the overall portability feature of the proposed Mobile tap card. The
was evident.

164
Appendix K
Grammarians Certificate

165
February 22, 2017
GRAM M A R I A N S C E R T I F I C A T E
This is to certify that the undersigned, a/an English Teacher
at Kaunlaran High School has reviewed and went through all the pages of the
Thesis entitled IMPROVING HEALTH CENTER SERVICES USING
MOBILE TAP CARD FOR KALAYAAN HEALTH CENTER as against the
set of structural rules that govern the composition of sentences, phrases, and
words in the English language.
SIGNED:
MRS. GRACE T. BALVERDE
Grammarian

166
Appendix L
Users Manual

167
1. to use NFC on your phone, do the following
Go to your settings and tap on More Settings
On the following screen, tap on "NFC."
2. The installing application
Apk app for health center
Click Install the app

168
3. The Application Writing Url to access the
The signing page to open information of
Patient
4. The the Doctor creating a account
To accessing the medical information
Of patient

169
5. The Accessing the information of the
Patient in the web
6. Add new patient Information

170
7. The Doctor viewing the patient medical
History.
8. The Medical Record can edit by
Health Center administrator.

171
Appendix M
Curriculum Vitae

172
Afable, Frederick L.
008 Afable Street, Iba, Meycauayan, Bulacan
E-mail address: djmixerofficial101@gmail.com
Mobile Number: 09352765853
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Age : 19
Gender : Male
Date of Birth : April 30 , 1997
Civil Status : Single
Citizenship : Filipino
Religion : Roman Catholic
Languages : English
___________________________________________________________
EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT:
Tertiary : Asian Institute of Computer Studies,
Caloocan City
Course :
Bachelor of Science in Computer Science
Year Graduated : 2017
Secondary : Barcelona Academy

Primary : St. Marys Academy Of Sto.Nio


173
Anido, Anjenette
246 E.Rodriguez Sr. Ave.,Brgy. Damayang Lagi, Quezon City
E-mail address: anjanido02@gmail.com
Mobile Number: 0291987721/09266315271
Age : 22
Gender : Female
Date of Birth : March 2,1995
Languages : English
___________________________________________________________
Caloocan City
Course :
Secondary : Carlos L. Albert High School

Primary : Betty Go Belmonte Elementary

School

174
Bernales,Gremar, B.
Blk 2 Bagong Silang San Jose Navotas City
E-mail address: bernalesgremar92@gmail.com
Age : 20
Gender : Male
Date of Birth : Oct 17 , 1996
Languages : English
___________________________________________________________
Caloocan City
Course :
Secondary : Navotas Elementary School-1

Primary : Navotas national high school


175
Enaje, Russell L.
Blk 12 c lot 17 Ph 3E1 Padas-alley Caloocan City
E-mail address: russell.enaje@gmail.com
Age : 21
Gender : Male
Date of Birth : Dec 10 , 1995
Languages : English
___________________________________________________________
Caloocan City
Course :
Secondary : Macario B. Asistio Sr. High School

Primary : Imelda Elementary School


176

Thesis For Submit Russell

Transféré par

Informations du document

Titre original

Copyright

Formats disponibles

Partager ce document

Partager ou intégrer le document

Options de partage

Avez-vous trouvé ce document utile ?

Ce contenu est-il inapproprié ?

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

Thesis For Submit Russell

Transféré par

Droits d'auteur :

Formats disponibles

ASIAN INSTITUTE OF COMPUTER STUDIES

410 D and I Bldg, Edsa Corner, Caloocan City

Patient management in respect of health records, appointment and

effectiveness, there were certain areas which need a proper time

management and quality performance. As such, most complaint issues

environment. This was an important aspect that needs to be addressed in the

field of barangay health care information.

Near Field Communication (NFC) allows a device, usually a mobile

similar to Bluetooth, except that instead of programming two devices to work

together, can simply touch to establish a connection. NFC-enabled devices

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

that this can accommodate the patients.

time, healthcare personnel need quick, convenient access to databases and

to computers, tablets, and other devices were convenient, secure way to

such as updating files and checking records.

The researcher proposed a new technology in contactless smart card

to use identification and transferring of data between devices. NFC like

devices to communicate peer to peer to improve identification using

Smartphone that supported by NFC.

the need to provide secure, short-distance in Smartphone. The strength of

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

just with a simple touch in a short distance, and terminating the

communication immediately as the devices. One of the most important

aspects of NFC technology was inherent security, since the Communication

range was extremely short. In NFC communication, NFC communication

occurred between two NFC compatible devices placed within a few

provides easy communication between various on while the respondent was

Purpose and Description

NFC can help in everyday situations, people with life-threatening

conditions, such as diabetes, asthma, or allergies to food or medications, with

NFC-enabled that can provide greater detail to first responders in an

monitoring NFC opens up new possibilities for home monitoring, since an

NFC-enabled can be configured. The patient taps the Card to a Smartphone

a refill, or contact a medical professional. In this proposed system (NFC card)

single Smartphone. NFC technology has emerged recently, and consequently

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

total number of the prior works combined.

Statement of the Problem

Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.4 Highest Educational Attainment

2. What are the problems encountered in using the manual process?

3. How the proponents develop the NFC system?

4. How the respondents assess the system in terms of :

5. What is the result of the software evaluation?

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

Objective of the Study

The proponents aimed to develop an android application that can read

the information in cards using NFC-Enabled Devices.

1. To develop application using Java programming language, SQL and

Android Studio for the database.

2. To integrate patients information in Near Field Communication (NFC)

card of Kalayaan Health Center.

25010 with following criteria:

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

patient's identification of medical history and retrieval of information. NFC can

also be used in deploying resource control, management and data acquisition

existence of standards in order to support the needs.

NFC, deployment costs, security, technology limitations and support of the

ease the work of the personnel in record management.

Significance of the Study

The current standard operating procedure in healthcare environment