JULY 2017 V. 39 No.

FLOORS
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29 Closure Strip Strategies
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Ci
JULY 2017 V. 39 No. 7
Concrete
international
The Magazine of the Concrete Community

FLOORS & FOUNDATIONS

29 Closure Strip Strategies

Available design approaches are summarized and evaluated against
field data
by Andre Brault, Neil Hoult, Tom Greenough, Ian Trudeau, and
Barry Charnish

37 Design of Reinforcement for Pile Caps

Strut-and-tie models are illustrated for axial tension and bending loadings
by Tadeusz Granosik

ALSO FEATURING

14 Congratulations, 2017 Long-Time Members of ACI

30
19 Driving Concrete Technology
Highlights of The ACI Concrete Convention and Exposition
Spring 2017

26 ACI Foundation Awards Student Fellowships and

Scholarships for 2017-2018
Applications for the 2018-2019 awards cycle will open mid-summer 2017

41 Slag Cement Association 2016 Project of the Year Awards

45 2016 PCI Design Awards

Part 2: Transportation Design Award Winners

64 Concrete Q&A
Subgrade Drag Equation in ACI 360R

47

www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 3


Ci
Concrete international
PUBLISHER
John C. Glumb, CAE
( john.glumb@concrete.org)
EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
Rex C. Donahey, PE
(rex.donahey@concrete.org)
ENGINEERING EDITOR
W. Agata Pyc
(agata.pyc@concrete.org)
MANAGING EDITOR
Keith A. Tosolt
(keith.tosolt@concrete.org)
EDITORIAL COORDINATOR
Lacey J. Stachel
(lacey.stachel@concrete.org)
ADVERTISING
Meredith Schwartz
Network Media Partners
(mschwartz@networkmediapartners.com)
PUBLISHING SERVICES
MANAGER
Barry M. Bergin
EDITORS
Carl R. Bischof, Tiesha Elam,
Kaitlyn J. Hinman, Angela R. Matthews,
Kelli R. Slayden
GRAPHIC DESIGNERS
Susan K. Esper, Ryan M. Jay,
Aimee M. Kahaian, Gail L. Tatum
AMERICAN CONCRETE INSTITUTE
http://www.concrete.org
Tel. +1.248.848.3700
Fax. +1.248.848.3150
4 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
July
21
departments
7 Presidents Memo
10 On the Move
11 News
16 ACI Committee Document
Abstracts
18 Knowledge to Practice:
ACI Foundation
48 Industry Focus
Natural light streams through the
skylight and floor openings in the 49 Products & Practice
Rideau Centre Expansion in Ottawa,
ON, Canada. During construction,
52 Product Showcase
the building was monitored to 55 Calls for Papers
determine the movement of floor
56 Chapter Reports
plates on either side of closure
strips. In the article starting on p. 59 Meetings
29, the measured movements are
compared with movements predicted 60 Sinopsis en espaol
using models currently available for
structural engineers. (photo courtesy of
61 Whats New from ACI
doublespace photography) 62 Membership Application
63 Public Discussion
63 Bulletin Board
63 Advertisers Index
Copyright 2017 American Concrete Institute. Printed in the United States of America. All correspondence should be directed to the
headquarters office: 38800 Country Club Drive, Farmington Hills, MI 48331. Telephone: +1.248.848.3700. Facsimile (FAX): +1.248.848.3701.
Concrete International (US ISSN 0162-4075) is published monthly by the American Concrete Institute, 38800 Country Club Drive,
Farmington Hills, MI 48331. Periodicals postage paid at Farmington, MI, and at additional mailing offices. Concrete
International has title registration with the U.S. Patent Trademark Office. Subscription rates: $168 per year (U.S. and
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 American Concrete Institute
Ci
Board of Direction
IN President Directors
Khaled W. Awad JoAnn P. Browning Kimberly Kayler
Making Connections Cesar A. Constantino William M. Klorman
Past President Neven Krstulovic-Opara
Frances T. Griffith
Board Members

W
William E. Rushing Jr. H.R. Trey Hamilton Tracy D. Marcotte
hether we call them pour Sharon L. Wood R. Doug Hooton Antonio Nanni
strips, closure strips, or Michael J. Schneider Joe Hug Roberto Stark
shrinkage strips, there is clear
logic behind specifying temporary joints
in reinforced concrete floor systems: Vice Presidents Executive Vice President
create smaller floor plates that will David A. Lange Randall W. Poston Ronald Burg
reduce the amount of restrained shrinkage
strain and associated cracking.
Unfortunately, conventional closure Technical Activities Educational Activities Certification Programs
Committee Committee Committee
strips interrupt workflows and create chair chair chair
obstacles within and between floors H.R. Trey Hamilton Frances T. Griffith Joe Hug
they burn money and time. secretary staff liaison staff liaison
While proprietary lockable dowel Matthew R. Senecal Kathryn A. Amelio John W. Nehasil
systems eliminate many of these
Michael C. Brown Diana Arboleda Bryan Castles
challenges, engineers still must define JoAnn P. Browning Arturo Gaytan Covarrubias William Ciggelakis
the joint spacing and minimum open Catherine E. French Thomas M. Greene Brian Green
times and thus need data-based guidance. Harry A. Gleich Joe Hug Werner Hellmer
This months CI includes data and Fred R. Goodwin Anthony Lamanna Augusto H. Holmberg
Larry Kahn Ronald L. OKane Steve Lloyd
analysis for a portion of one building Neven Krstulovic-Opara Jackie Sempel Warren E. McPherson Jr.
(see p. 29), but Id like to see more. Kimberly E. Kurtis Scott Tarr Christopher Robinson
Consider this a call for researchers, Tracy D. Marcotte Ronald Vaughn Thomas L. Rozsits
Michael S. Stenko Xiomara Sapon
designers, and builders to share their Bruce A. Suprenant David M. Suchorski
experiences. Start with the basicssend Andrew W. Taylor Wayne M. Wilson
me a sketch of the floor system, note the
joint spacing, and indicate the time
elapsed before closure. If you prefer, we
can keep the data confidential.
I understand that continuously
reinforced concrete pavement (CRCP), is ACI Staff & Departments
typically constructed with 0.65 to 0.80% Executive Vice President: Ronald Burg (ron.burg@concrete.org)
longitudinal reinforcing steel content and Senior Managing Director: John C. Glumb (john.glumb@concrete.org)
has served successfully for decades. ACI Foundation: Human Resources:
Joints in CRCP pavement sections can ann.daugherty@acifoundation.org lori.purdom@concrete.org
be miles (kilometers) apart, so it Certification: Information Systems:
shouldnt be surprising that 0.50 to aci.certification@concrete.org support@concrete.org
0.60% continuous reinforcement can Chapter Activities: Marketing:
also be used in floors to eliminate the john.conn@concrete.org kevin.mlutkowski@concrete.org
need for joints in a slab-on-ground floor Engineering: Member/Customer Services:
(see this months Concrete Q&A, p. 64). techinq@concrete.org acimemberservices@concrete.org
How are these and other slab-on-ground Event Services: Professional Development:
systems performing? Given the numerous conventions@concrete.org claire.hiltz@concrete.org
technologies available to floor designers Finance and Administration: Publishing Services:
and owners, it seems that a comparative donna.halstead@concrete.org barry.bergin@concrete.org
study is in order. So to start, it would be
beneficial if researchers, designers, and
builders shared project details on slab
dimensions, system type (and joint spacing Sustaining Members
if appropriate), and years in service. See pages 8-9 for a list of ACIs Sustaining Members.
Send me an e-mail with the information; To learn more about our sustaining members, visit the ACI website at
again, the data can be confidential. www.concrete.org/membership/sustainingmembers.aspx.
Rex C. Donahey

www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 5

Finisher Specialty Commercial/Industrial Technician Strength Testing Technician Laboratory Testin
echnician Aggregate Testing Technician Aggregate/Soils Base Technician Concrete Constructio
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PROGRAMS
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Transportation Special Inspector Concrete Transportation Special Inspector Tilt-Up Supervisor Tilt-U
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Masonry Laboratory Testing Technicia Adhesive Anchor Installer Field Testing Technician Flatwor
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satisfy any number of concrete specialties that youve been
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since 1980; learn how you can become ACI certified at
Special Inspector Tilt-Up Supervisor Tilt-Up Technician Shotcrete Nozzleman ShotAdhesive Anchor
www.concrete.org/certification.
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Presidents
Memo
ACI and Asia
T
wo years ago, the
Washington Post reported
a striking statistic: China
used more cement in 3 years
than the United States used in
the entire twentieth century.
Even some of the people furthest
from concrete, like Microsoft
Founder Bill Gates, tweeted
their shock at the significance of
this data. The numbers are truly
staggering. From 2011 to 2013,
6.6 gigatons (1 gigaton is 1000
Khaled W. Awad
billion tons) of cement were
ACI President
consumed in China, whereas 4.5
gigatons of cement were used between 1901 and 2000 in the
United States.
There is no doubt that the Chinese economic growth has
been hinging on infrastructure development and more
precisely on cement and concrete. But this is not just about
China. The whole Asian continent has been witnessing an
unprecedented growth in concrete construction.
Questions immediately come to mind:
What is ACI doing in Asia?
How is ACI capturing the knowledge developed there?
How is the Institute communicating the value of the
information it has been building over the years?
The immediate answers: First, ACI is already doing a lot.
Second, the Institute can still do much more.
Before I list ACIs ongoing endeavors in Asia, its
important to be aware that Asia is not a single regionits a
collection of sub-regions. The most common division,
adopted by economists, includes five main regions:
East Asia, which principally includes China, Japan, Korea,
Taiwan, and Mongolia;
Southeast Asia, known as the ASEAN region, comprising
mainly Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia,
Myanmar, Laos, the Philippines, Cambodia, and Vietnam;
South Asia, including essentially India, Pakistan,
Bangladesh, Nepal, and Sri Lanka;
Central Asia, also known as the Central Independent States
(CIS), with Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Armenia, Georgia,
Uzbekistan, and Azerbaijan; and
The Middle East, which includes all the Gulf states, plus
Iran, Iraq, and Yemen as well the countries of the Near
East: Israel, Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan.
The good news is that ACI has been active in all these
regions. Still, the opportunity to improve ACI engagement in
each of them is tremendous.
In East Asia, the Institute has at least one partnership
agreement in each of the countries. ACI has excellent ties and
active cooperation with the Japan Concrete Institute (JCI) and
the Korean Concrete Institute (KCI). In fact, after two very
successful events, ACI will be holding its next joint seminar
with JCI on October 18, 2017, during The ACI Concrete
Convention and Exposition, taking place in Anaheim, CA,
from October 15-19. The theme of the session will be
Challenges and Developments in the Life Cycle Management
of Existing Concrete Structures.
ACI also has one chapter and three partnership agreements
in China, a partner in Mongolia, and a chapter and a partner
in Taiwan.
Similarly, ACI has, in each of the ASEAN countries, at
least one partnership agreement or a chapter.
In South Asia, there are ACI chapters in both India and in
Pakistan. The Institute also recently witnessed increased
student activity. ACI now has a total of eight student chapters
there, and all chapters are planning ACI student competitions.
Out of all Asian regions, the Middle East has the highest
regional adoption of the ACI 318 Building Code. During a
meeting in Qatar last May, ACI representatives signed an
agreement with the Gulf Standards Organization (GSO) to
allow access to ACI 318 for all countries of the Gulf
Cooperation Council. The Middle East is also one of the most
active regions in ACI certification. Further, it has great levels
of chapter activitythere are eight ACI chapters and four
student chapters in the Middle East, and all have either
organized or are planning to launch ACI student competitions.
In Central Asia, many large projects in Azerbaijan,
Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan cite ACI 318 as a reference. ACI
also recently organized the first Concrete Field Testing
Technician Grade I certification session in Kazakhstan.
It is clear ACI has been omnipresent in Asia and has very
solid cooperation platforms throughout the continent. ACIs
challenge is to further capitalize on and engage with the
concrete community in this region to advance concrete
construction and learn about and codify the best practices
used there to cope with the exceptional and unparalleled
growth in concrete use and production.
Khaled W. Awad
American Concrete Institute
www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 7
 are the foundation of our success.
To provide additional exposure to ACI Sustaining Members, Concrete
International includes a 1/3-page member profile and a listing of all Sustaining
Member organizations. All Sustaining Members receive the 1/3-page profile
section on a rotating basis.

Grace Construction Products

Advanced Construction Technology
Services
American Society of Concrete
Contractors
Ash Grove Cement Company
Baker Concrete Construction, Inc.
Barrier-1, Inc.
BASF Corporation
Bauman Landscape & Construction
Braun Intertec Corporation
Cantera Concrete Company
CHRYSO, Inc.
Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute
CTLGroup
Curecrete Distribution, Inc.
Dayton Superior Corporation
Ductilcrete Slab Systems, LLC
The Euclid Chemical Co.
Fibercon International, Inc.
Future Tech Consultants
GCP Applied Technologies
Headwaters Resources, Inc.
KCS Construction LLC
Keystone Structural Concrete LLC
Kleinfelder
Kryton International Inc.
LafargeHolcim (US) Inc.
Lithko Contracting, Inc. (www.graceconstruction.com) is a
MAPEI global leader in developing and
marketing products for the
Meadow Burke Products LLC construction industry.
W. R. Meadows, Inc. Grace is a provider of technically
superior concrete admixtures, fibers,
Metromont Corporation surface treatments, and liquid pigments
Minova USA, Inc. that make concrete stronger, longer-
lasting, crack-resistant, aesthetically
MTL pleasing, and cost-efficient. The
Multiquip Inc. company also manufactures cement-
processing additives; concrete masonry
Municipal Testing products; air and vapor barriers;
North S.Tarr Concrete Consulting PC roofing underlayments; self-adhered
window, door, and deck flashings;
Oztec Industries, Inc. structural waterproofing systems; and
Pacific Structures fire protection products.
Grace is known for innovation in
Penetron International Ltd product development and technology
Portland Cement Association as well as world-class technical
services, facilities, and staff. Graces
Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute quality construction materials can be
Riggs Companies found in nearly every major project
around the globe, from the White
S. K. Ghosh Associates Inc. House to the Pentagon, the Library of
Saudi Building Code National Congress to the Smithsonian, the
London Underground to the Bank
Committee
of China in Hong Kong, and the
Seretta Construction Inc. infrastructures of the Middle East and
Eastern Europe.
Sika Corporation
Specialty Products Group, Inc. To learn more about Grace
Construction Products, please
STRUCTURAL
visit their website at
Structural Services, Inc. www.graceconstruction.com.
Tekna Chem
TWC Concrete Services LLC
Wacker Neuson

To learn more about our sustaining members, visit our website at www.concrete.org/sustainingmembers
 Kleinfelder is an employee-owned
company consisting of architects,
engineers, inspectors, and scientists
that provides solutions to meet our
worlds complex infrastructure
challenges.
Their recent projects include
providing design for the Alewife
Parking Garage for the Massachusetts
Bay Transportation Authority which
included evaluating structural deficien-
cies, correcting deterioration problems,
developing repair details and providing
construction staging plans to limit
impacts to the public. In Salt Lake
City, UT, Kleinfelder completed special
inspection and materials testing
services for the four-story, 172,000 sq. ft.
ultramodern Public Safety Building.
The foundation consisted of 10,000
cubic yards of concrete, and required
multiple inspectors and an on-site
laboratory to ensure the quality for
the owner.
In the Pacific Northwest, Kleinfelder
provided quality assurance, special
inspection, and materials testing for
the Snoqualmie Falls Hydropower
Redevelopment project. Creative
placement and testing techniques were
employed to deliver the concrete, and
approximately 40,000 cubic yards of
concrete were placed to construct the
new structures using high percentages
of fly ash and nitrogen-cooled concrete
for temperature control.
For more information about
Kleinfelder, visit their website at
www.kleinfelder.com or call
+1.858. 320.2000.
From day one, our guiding vision at
Kryton has always been to build a
better future. Today were driven by
the continued desire to develop
smarter products, better systems and
superior support. Since being founded
in 1973, weve remained focused on
working closely with our customers
and partners to build better, watertight
structures that outlast and outperform
traditional methods. This has resulted
in Kryton offering complete water-
proofing systems and solutions that
drive quality and durability through
innovation.
Only Kryton has proprietary
Krystol crystalline technology that has
unmatched waterproofing perfor-
mance and history. In fact, Kryton
invented and pioneered the Crystalline
Admixture and is the only company
with proven long term performance.
Kryton has changed the way concrete
structures are built around the globe.
At Kryton they continue to pioneer
and define best practice on water-
proofing and corrosion resistance for
new and existing construction.
To learn about Kryton products,
please visit their website at
www.kryton.com or call
+1.604.324.8280.
LafargeHolcim is the number one
building solutions provider in the
world and the leading cement
producer in the United States. With
US headquarters in Chicago, Illinois,
they have resources across the country,
whether operating under the name
Lafarge North America, Holcim (US)
or Aggregate Industries US. They
provide innovative cement, aggregates,
ready-mix concrete, concrete, and
asphalt products as well as associated
services and solutions. They also
develop sectorial offerings tailored to
their customers needs.
For all those needs, LafargeHolcim
has built the most extensive and
innovative product, service, and
solution offering on the market. And
with their professional teams, assets,
technologies, and strong
manufacturing processes, their clients
can trust the quality and the
consistency of their products and
solutions they are those of the
worlds most advanced group in the
sector, setting the standard for the
building materials industry.
For more information about
LafargeHolcim, visit their website at
www.lafargeholcim.com.
On the
Move
ACI member Hugh Wang joined MAPEI as Technical
Manager for its Cement Additives Division (C-ADD) business
line. He manages the Research & Development laboratory
activities at C-ADD. Over the past 22 years, Wang has
worked in the admixture, concrete, and cement industries.
Hehas published numerous scientific and technical papers,
and he received the 2016 ACI Wason Medal for Materials
Research. Wang was awarded Honorary Membership in
ASTM Committee C01, Cement, for outstanding contri
butions to standards and specifications development. He
received his doctorate in material sciences from the University
of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, and his bachelors and
masters degrees in science from his native China.
Carroll Engineering Corporation welcomed Justin M.
Coyle as Structural Department Manager. Coyle has over
22years of engineering and project management experience,
with a specialization in bridge design, rehabilitation, and
project management. His experience includes all phases of
project development from feasibility studies, alternatives
analysis, design, rehabilitation schemes, and construction
management on state and local projects. He is a licensed
professional engineer in Pennsylvania and New Jersey and
aPennDOT and NJDOT certified bridge safety inspector.
ARCOM appointed Karthik Mani as Executive Vice
President, Products and Delivery. He has more than 20 years
ofexperience leading teams that have delivered high-revenue
growth and market-defining products across multiple
industries. Mani received his masters degree in industrial and
manufacturing engineering from the University of Wisconsin
and his bachelors degree in mechanical engineering from the
Indian Institute of Technology.
Modjeski and Masters announced Michael F. Britt as
President. He has served as Senior Vice President at Modjeski
and Masters since 2012. Britt will be responsible for
executing the firms strategic direction, safeguarding long-
term success, and guiding complex projects at a managerial
and technical level. Britt received his BS and MS in civil
engineering from Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA. He is
aprofessional engineer in Pennsylvania and is a member of
the American Institute of Steel Construction.
Dexter + Chaney announced two promotions among the
companys executive team. Scott Rosenbloom was named
thecompanys Vice PresidentStrategy. He will oversee
allproduct direction and management, as well as manage
thecompanys third-party partnerships and technology
integrations. Curt Westberg was named Vice President
Customer. His duties will include managing client
10 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
Wang Vincent Gajda
relationships, delivering customer
communication satisfaction and
retention strategies, developing client
advocacy programs, and increasing
customer awareness and education of
Dexter + Chaney products and services.
Honors and Awards
ACI member John Vincent has
Murphy
provided 30 years of service at
CTLGroup. He is responsible for complex projects involving
analysis of strength and serviceability in a variety of
structures. Vincent has been involved in the analysis and
repair of concrete construction (both conventional and
prestressed reinforcement). In addition, he has managed
large,multi-disciplinary structural rehabilitation projects.
John Gajda, FACI, has provided 25 years of service at
CTLGroup. He has worked on mass concrete and/or service
life issues on more than 400 projects and thousands of concrete
placements globally. He has authored many articles and pub
lications on mass concrete, worked on specifications for mass
concrete, and has also been invited to give presentations on
mass concrete. Gajda is Chair of ACI Subcommittee 301-H, Mass
Concrete - Section 8; and a member of ACI Committees 207,
Mass and Thermally Controlled Concrete; 301, Specifications
for Structural Concrete; and ACI Subcommittee 301-SC,
Steering Committee.
ACI member Bob Murphy, Project Development
Manager for Sherwin-Williams Protective & Marine
Coatings, was awarded the 2017 John D. Keane Award
ofMerit by the Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC).
Theaward honors outstanding leadership and significant
contributions to the development of the coatings industry
and SSPC. Murphy has been with Sherwin-Williams
Company for more than 37 years. He is an active member
ofSSPC and the American Water Works Association, the
National Rural Water Association, the Water Environment
Federation, and the National Association of Corrosion
Engineers (NACE). Murphy is a SSPC protective coatings
specialist and a NACE-certified coatings inspector, as
wellas a concrete coating inspector and course instructor.
He received his bachelors degree from Thiel College,
Greenville,PA.
News
ACI Announces International sealant performance in terms of joint and Grinding Association and Director
Partnership Agreement with seal properties, according to Larry of Pavement Innovation for the
Pakistan Engineering Council Scofield, Director of Engineering and American Concrete Pavement
As part of its international initiative Research for the International Grooving Association. Instead, TTI took a more
to seek opportunities to advance global
outreach, ACI has recently signed an
International Partnership Agreement
with the Pakistan Engineering Council
(PEC). International Partners work with
ACI to increase access to information

20/20
to the engineering community,
professionals, and experts worldwide.
Located in Islamabad, Pakistan, PEC
is a statutory body that regulates the Water Vapor Reducing Admixture
engineering profession to function as a
key driving force for achieving rapid
and sustainable growth in all national,
Advantages
economic, and social fields. Pakistan
Engineering Council appreciates the ECONOMICAL $.50 to $.75 per square foot
dedicated efforts toward developing ELIMINATE MOISTURE related flooring/roofing issues
professional working relations between and related project delays
the Council and ACI, stated Inam
Ahmad Osmani, Senior Vice Chairman, MOISTURE AND BOND TESTS done on site by factory
trained professionals
PEC. I congratulate both organizations
on this landmark achievement. $10,000,000 DOLLAR manufacturers project specific
For more information on PEC, visit warranty supplied by Specialty Products Group and
www.pec.org.pk. underwritten by Lloyds Of London
RISK MANAGEMENT tool for all stakeholders
Study on Sealant
Effectiveness
The Seal/No Seal (SNS) Group has
Unenhanced concrete Vapor LockTM enhanced
compiled the results of a study on
Internally cured
Qualification of Joint Sealant Vapor proof
Effectiveness Regarding Jointed Waterproof concrete
Concrete Pavement Performance, Voc free
conducted by Dan Zollinger, FACI, at Reduces:
the Texas A&M Transportation Institute
Water

Spalling
(TTI), College Station, TX. A key Efflorescence
outcome of this project is the Delamination Radon Gas Contaminated Soil
Particulates

advancement of a mechanistic tool for Slab curl Moisture Vapor Vapor LockTM 20/20
analysis of specific combinations of Corrosion makes all concrete better
traffic, climate, base materials, and
sealant condition on subbase erosion
and pavement performance. This is the ASTM C494 Type S approved admixture Ready Mix Suppliers welcome!
first tool of its kind that allows www.spggogreen.com l 877-957-4626
assessment of the sealant effectiveness Certified to
NSF/ANSI 61-G

on pavement performance.
This study did not attempt to research
sealant effectiveness through traditional
approaches such as characterizing

www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 11

News
rigorous approach to evaluate performance in terms of the
amount of infiltration through the joint and the consequential
impacts on subbase erosion and pavement distress.
The study also included evaluation of using ground-
penetrating radar (GPR) to detect the existence of moisture
under pavement slabs near joints. The work indicates that it
may be feasible to use GPR to detect the existence of moisture
to assess when a sealant is no longer effective.
To join and participate in the research of the Seal/No Seal
Group, e-mail info@sealnoseal.org. A shortened version of the
report can be downloaded at www.sealnoseal.org/PDF/
TechBrief/Tech_Brief_SNS_TTI_Report.pdf.
2017 Pritzker Architecture Prize
Rafael Aranda, Carme Pigem, and Ramon Vilalta were
selected as the 2017 Pritzker Architecture Prize Laureates.
The Hyatt Foundation sponsors the award, which is known
internationally as architectures highest honor.
Get
Connected
with
Visit www.concrete.org
12 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
The three architects, originating from Olot, in the
Catalonian region of Spain, have worked together
collaboratively since founding their firm RCR Arquitectes, in
their hometown in 1988. Lauded for harmonizing materiality
with transparency, they seek connections between the exterior
and interior, resulting in emotional and experiential
architecture. The group recently completed a tinted concrete
and steel crematorium in Holsbeek, Belgium, and collaborated
on an entrance to the Garrotxa Volcanic Park in Les Preses
near Olot. Other notable projects include La Cuisine Art
Center, Ngrepelisse, France (2014); Soulages Museum in
collaboration with G. Trgout, Rodez, France (2014); and
La Lira Theater Public Open Space in collaboration with
J. Puigcorb, Ripoll, Girona, Spain (2011).
This is the first time that three architects together have
been honored with the prize. The 2017 Pritzker Prize Jury
Citation states, in part: we live in a globalized world where
we must rely on international influences, trade, discussion,
and transactions. But more and more people fear that because
of this international influencewe will lose our local values,
our local art, and our local customsRafael Aranda, Carme
Pigem, and Ramon Vilalta tell us that it may be possible to
have both.
Calls for Nominations for New Emerging
Professionals Program
After two successful pilots, ASTM International is
expanding its Emerging Professionals program. The program
will provide airfare and lodging this year for up to 24 participants
to attend a leadership development workshop held during an
ASTM International committee week. D. Thomas Marsh, the
organizations Board Chairman for 2017, is championing the
effort.
The program aims to identify candidates who have some
familiarity with standards and who have strong potential to
be future leaders in one or more of the organizations
145 technical committees. Winning applicants will receive
mentoring from a standards professional in their industry and
participate in a leadership workshop on negotiation, consensus
building, and problem solving.
The remaining programs and affiliated industries are:
October 10 in New Orleans, LA (thermal insulation, air
quality, performance of buildings, and more), nominations
due by August 10;
November 14 in Atlanta, GA (steel, plastics, consumer
products, plastic piping systems, and more), nominations
due by September 14; and
December 5 in New Orleans, LA (road materials, cement,
environmental assessment, and more), nominations due by
October 5.

ASTM International members and
others are welcome to nominate
individuals through www.astm.org/
emergingprofessionals.
ICPI Adds New Board Members
Seven interlocking concrete
pavement industry executives have been
elected to the Board of Directors of the
Interlocking Concrete Pavement
Institute (ICPI). In addition, four other
industry leaders have been appointed to
the Board through their work as Chairs
of ICPI Member Standing Committees.
The individuals elected to the Board for
2017-2020 are:
Elliot Bender, Vice President
Business Development & Marketing,
Oaks Landscape Products;
Jesse Cravath, National Hardscape
Product Sales Manager, Ewing
Irrigation and Landscape Supply;
Charles Gamarekian, Chairman &
CEO, Cambridge Pavers;
Manfred Herold, President, Browns
Concrete Products;
Todd Holyfield, Vice President
Construction Sales NA, Huntsman
Pigments and Additives;
Victoria McCrie, Senior Sales, BASF
Canada; and
Larry Nicolai, Senior Vice President,
Pavers by Ideal.
Those appointed to the Board as the
Chair of an ICPI Committees are:
Brad Cobbledick (Chair, ICPI Technical
Committee), Vice President Technical
Services, Oaks Landscape Products;
Conor Cooper (Chair, ICPI Dues &
Bylaws Committee), COO, Anchor
North, Anchor, an Oldcastle Company;
Frank Gandora (Chair, ICPI
Construction Committee), President,
Creative Hardscape Company; and
Roberto Nicolia Jr. (Chair, ICPI
Government Relations Committee),
Business Development, Nicolock
Paving Stones.
These elected and appointed Board
members represent segmental concrete
SSI - Grade 100
News
pavement manufacturers, industry
suppliers, and segmental pavement
contractors. The ICPI Board of Directors
comprises 32 industry executives
representing companies serving the
United States and Canadian markets.
For more information, visit
www.icpi.org.
In Remembrance
ACI Honorary
Member John M.
Hanson passed away
in Green Valley, AZ,
on May 26, 2017, at
the age of 84. He
served as ACI
President in 1990. A
renowned expert in
the investigations of John M. Hanson
distress and failure of
concrete and steel structures, he retired
from the Board of Directors of Wiss,
Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc., in 2014
after serving the firm for almost 42
years in various capacities, including as
President from 1979 to 1992. In 1992,
Hanson joined the faculty at North
Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC,
as Distinguished Professor Emeritus of
Civil Engineering and Construction.
Hanson was also associated with the
Portland Cement Associations (PCA)
structural development laboratory and
spent several years as a structural
engineer on bridge and building designs.
He was active in the International
Association for Bridge and Structural
Engineering and the Precast/Prestressed
Concrete Institute. Among his many
industry awards, he was elected to the
National Academy of Engineers and was
named an Honorary Member of the
American Society of Civil Engineers
(ASCE). Hanson received his BS in
civil engineering from South Dakota
State University, Brookings, SD; his MS
from Iowa State University, Ames, IA;
and his PhD from Lehigh University,
Bethlehem, PA.
www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 13
 Congratulations, 2017
Long-Time Members of ACI
It is our pleasure to congratulate individuals in 2017 who will have supported ACI for 25 and 45 years. The support these
individuals have shown represents a level of interest and improvement in concrete technology that is the backbone of the
Institute. Members like these have made and continue to make ACI a vibrant and diverse organization and lend stability to
the Institute. Their unwavering support over the years has helped make ACI the global knowledge leader on concrete.

Thank you!

25-year members Vito Dicosola Robert Irion

Karl F. Acimovic Abdul Karim H. El-Rousstom Hsiang-Hwai Jiau
John Amalio Roger Ely John Jones
Robert K. Armfield Fred S. Emanuel Mark G. Josten
Chi-Ming Au Brian T. Evans Arthur J. Jump Jr.
Colin L. Bailey Michael C. Felker Michel E. Kalin
David P. Balawajder Anthony E. Fiorato Dennis C. Kohl
Guy R. Baldwin Kevin J. Folliard Gary D. Ledford
Sergio A. Barreiro Simon H.C. Foo Eric T. Lehmkuhl
Raul D. Bertero Andre G. Garner Shih Tang Lin
William K. Berthold Joseph C. Gehlen Mark R. Lukkarila
Geoffrey E. Brueggemann Charles L. Gilardone Alan L. Lumpkin
Daniel G. Bucher Randall Gipson Thomas H. Lutge
Terry A. Campion Lisa G. Giroux Charles A. Lysaght
K.L. Chhibber Carolyn M. Hansson Kevin A. MacDonald
Rene A. Chopin III Mohammed E. Haque Amadeus L. Magpile
James K. Clinard Kent A. Harries Mark D. Marvin
Gary R. Consolazio Yoshimi Hisamatsu Ed T. McGuire
Michael F. Cook Wahi Riad Honein Paul F. Mlakar
Donald L. Corneilison Ron Horner Zainai Bin Mohamed
Jack Costenbader David M. Hughes Gerard F. Moulzolf
Lyndon J. Cox Joseph Hughes Hani H. Nassif
Steven M. Cramer Shin-ichi Igarashi Patrick J. Noonan
Mark L. Creveling Sera M. Ince Kamal S. Obeid

14 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com

Ronald L. O'Kane Normand Tetreault Carlos A. Lazaro
Vasudeo Pandya Michael L. Tholen Leo A. Legatski
Mark E. Patton Brian L. Umbright William Lockwood
John Pepper David A. VanOcker John S. Ma
Christopher James Perry Brad B. Watson Jerry M. Madden
Brett H. Pielstick Ronald F. Wolfman Nicholas Mariani
John Leonard Pollard Gregory J. Wysocki Carlos R. Perez-Bras
Albert P. Popoli Al Zappone Sami H. Rizkalla
Karl-Heinz Reineck Jimmy D. Schilling
Paolo Riva 45-year members Ernest K. Schrader
Jeffery R. Roesler Pierre-Claude Aitcin James A. Smith
Stephen J. Seguirant J. Roger Craddock Joseph R. Solomon
Matthew R. Sherman Bryan A. Erler Chris P. Stefanos
Pat Silano Luis Fernandez John L. Suhrie
Richard E. Smith John Fraczek Tamer Uzun
Gary P. Smith Robert B. Johnson F. Ray Vollert
Shin Yeong Soo Satoshi Kashima Edward J. Wortman
Hans C. Strandgaard John B. Kelly Kon Zilch
Peter Te-Chih Sun David R. Lankard
Glenn S. Tarbox George E. LaPalm

The American Concrete Institute has a policy of reduced membership dues for long-time members whereby, upon
application, a retired member who reached age 65 and has been a member for 25 years is eligible for continued member-
ship at half of the regular dues. In the case of members who have belonged to ACI for 45 years or more, there is no charge
for continuing membership.

If you have questions regarding this policy or would like to apply for this type of membership, please contact
the Customer Service Department by telephone at +1.248.848.3800, by fax at +1.248.848.3801, by e-mail at
ACICustomerService@concrete.org, or by writing to:

American Concrete Institute

Attn: Customer Service
38800 Country Club Drive
Farmington Hills, MI 48331 USA

www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 15

ACI Committee Document
Abstracts
The following ACI documents will soon be available:
Guide for Design and Proportioning of Concrete
Mixtures for Pavements (ACI 325.14R-17)
Reported by ACI Committee 325, Concrete Pavements
David W. Pittman, Chair; David J. Akers, Richard O.
Albright, William L. Arent, Jamshid M. Armaghani, Bob J.
Banka, Neeraj J. Buch, Tim Cost,* Juan Pablo Covarrubias,
Mohamed Nasser Darwish, Norbert J. Delatte, W. Charles
Greer, Jerry A. Holland,* Gary L. Mitchell, Jon I. Mullarky,
Kamran M. Nemati, Nigel K. Parkes, Steven A. Ragan, David
Richardson, John W. Roberts,* Terry W. Sherman, Alex
Hak-Chul Shin, Kurt D. Smith, Anthony M. Sorcic,* Shiraz D.
Tayabji, Peter C. Taylor,* Samuel S. Tyson, Thomas J. Van Dam,
Don J. Wade, W. James Wilde, Gergis W. William, James M.
Willson, and Dan G. Zollinger, Members; Michael I. Darter,
John L. Rice, and Raymond S. Rollings, Consulting Members.
*
Members of subcommittee that prepared this guide.
Chair of subcommittee that prepared this guide.
The committee would like to acknowledge P. Bly and S. Palotta for their
contributions to this guide.
Abstract: Concrete mixtures intended for pavements have
purposes and desired characteristics that are different from
other types of mixtures, such as structural or mass concrete.
Thus, a guide for designing concrete mixtures specific to
pavingsuch as highways, streets, airfields, and parking
lotsis necessary. This guide describes a method for designing
mixtures and selecting trial mixture proportions for hydraulic
cement concrete made with and without supplementary
cementitious materials, chemical admixtures, and fibers. The
guide provides a method that focuses on designing the
concrete mixture in the context of pavement structural design,
concrete production, construction operations, and the
environment in which the pavement will reside. Trial mixture
proportions are for concrete consisting of normalweight
aggregates and concrete with workability suitable for various
types of pavement construction, such as slipform, fixed-form,
and laser-guided screeding. The method provides an initial
approximation of proportions intended to be analyzed to
assess their performance potential for mixing, transporting,
placing, screeding and consolidating, finishing, texturing, and
time of setting. The method also considers the hardened
concrete performance parameters of strength, durability,
abrasion resistance, skid resistance, smoothness, and dimensional
and shape stability. Methods of checking for incompatibilities
of materials in given construction environments are included,
as well as methods for aggregate grading optimization.
Resulting proportions should be checked by preparing and
analyzing trial mixtures in the laboratory and then in the field
16 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
and adjusting as necessary to produce the desired concrete
characteristics. Special concrete pavement mixtures, such as
pervious concrete or roller-compacted concrete, are not
included in the document. This is a dual unit document;
however, paired values stated in inch-pound and SI units are
usually not exact equivalents. Therefore, either system should
be used independently of the other.
Guide for the Design and Construction of
Concrete Site Paving for Industrial and
Trucking Facilities (ACI 330.2R-17)
Reported by ACI Committee 330, Concrete Parking Lots
and Site Paving
Robert L. Varner, Chair; David J. Akers, Richard O. Albright,
J. Howard Allred, Bryan M. Birdwell, David W. Buzzelli,
Michael W. Cook, Tim Cost, Craig M. Dahlgren, Michael S.
Davy, Norbert J. Delatte, Douglas W. Deno, Bruce A. Glaspey,
R. Scott Haislip, Omer Heracklis, Jerry A. Holland, Kenneth
G. Kazanis,* Frank A. Kozeliski, Frank Lennox, John R. Love
III, Amy Miller, Jon I. Mullarky, Scott M. Palotta, Nigel K.
Parkes, Jan R. Prusinski, David Richardson, Robert Alan
Rodden, David M. Suchorski, Scott M. Tarr, Christopher R.
Tull, Diep T. Tu, and Jason D. Wimberly, Members; D. Gene
Daniel and Don J. Wade, Consulting Members.
*
Chair of the task group that prepared this guide.
Abstract: This guide provides information useful in the
design and construction of a successful site-paving project for
heavy-duty industrial and trucking facilities. This information
assists architects/engineers, contractors, and testing agencies
with designing, detailing, constructing, repairing, and
inspecting site paving. Engineers use this guide to make
recommendations for the pavement support system, concrete
mixture, pavement thickness, joint spacing, and load transfer
devices. Thickness design tables are included for common
over-the-road trucks and industrial lift trucks. Tables are also
provided to check the pavement thickness for punching shear
and concrete strength for bearing stress applied by loaded
trailers that have been disconnected from the tractor.
Contractors use this guide to understand proper ways to
construct site paving with block or strip placements and avoid
common mistakes made during construction. Proper placing,
consolidating, and finishing techniques are described to
construct a durable pavement that complies with the project
documents. Inspectors and testing agencies use this guide to
understand the design and be better equipped to monitor the
project from stripping and grubbing of the site to concrete
pavement curing. Testing and inspection included in this
guide should only be done by individuals holding the
appropriate certifications.

Report on the Measurement of Fresh State
Properties and Fiber Dispersion of Fiber-
Reinforced Concrete (ACI 544.2R-17)
Reported by ACI Committee 544, Fiber-Reinforced
Concrete
Barzin Mobasher,* Chair; Neven Krstulovic-Opara,
Secretary; Clifford N. MacDonald, Membership Secretary;
Corina-Maria Aldea, Emmanuel K. Attiogbe, Mehdi Bakhshi,
Nemkumar Banthia, Joaquim Oliveria Barros, Amir
Bonakdar, Amanda C. Bordelon,* Jean-Philippe Charron,
Xavier Destree,* Ashish Dubey, Mahmut Ekenel, Liberato
Ferrara, Gregor D. Fischer, Dean P. Forgeron,* Emilio Garcia
Taengua, Rishi Gupta,* Heidi Helmink, George C. Hoff,
Marco Invernizzi, John Jones, David A. Lange, Michael A.
Mahoney, Bruno Massicotte, James Milligan, Nicholas C.
Mitchell Jr., Jeffrey L. Novak, Giovanni A. Plizzari, Klaus
Alexander Rieder, Pierre Rossi, Steve Schaef, Surendra P.
Shah, Flavio de Andrade Silva,* Luca Sorelli, Thomas E.
Save the Date
Details at: www.ConcreteSDC.com
Document Abstracts
West Jr., Robert C. Zellers, and Kay Willie, Members; P.N.
Balaguru, Hiram Price Ball Jr., Gordon B. Batson, Arnon
Bentur, Anderzej M. Brandt, James I. Daniel, Sidney Freedman,
Christian Meyer, Henry J. Molloy, Antoine E. Naaman, and
Venkataswamy Ramakrishnan, Consulting Members.
*
Members of subcommittee who contributed to the document.
Chair of the Subcommittee C who developed the document.
The committee would like to thank R. Lequense and M. Porter for their
contributions to this report.
Abstract: This report outlines existing procedures for
testing and measuring fresh state performance and fiber
dispersion in fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC). As for the
former, test methods applicable to both ordinary vibrated FRC
and fiber-reinforced self-consolidating concrete (FR-SCC) are
reviewed. Methods for nondestructive monitoring of fiber
dispersion and orientation in FRC materials and structures are
also presented and their pros and cons addressed.
Technology Forum 42:
September 6-7, 2017
Hyatt Regency Reston
Reston, VA, USA
Follow us: @ACIFoundation
www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 17
Knowledge to Practice:
CRC Research Project Seeks to Evaluate
Alternative Fly Ash Sources
The ACI Foundations Concrete Research Council (CRC)
approved the funding of four research projects for 2017. This
edition of Knowledge to Practice features one of the four
projects: Evaluating the Performance and Feasibility of Using
Recovered Fly Ash and Fluidized Bed Combustion Fly Ash as
Concrete Pozzolan.
This research will help determine if and how recovered
stockpiled fly ash and fluidized bed combustion (FBC) fly ash can
be used as viable and high-performance pozzolans for concrete.
Farshad Rajabipour, Pennsylvania State University, State College,
PA, will serve as the projects principal investigator. The project is
supported by ACI Committee 232, Fly Ash in Concrete.
Supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) are key
ingredients in todays concrete and can vastly improve the
durability and sustainability of concrete mixtures. While the
demand for fly ash (the most commonly used SCM) and other
suitable pozzolans continues to escalate, the supply of high-quality
and economically available fly ash has been shrinking. To maintain
and expand the market share of concrete in pavements, bridges,
buildings, and precast elements, it is critical that high-quality,
long-lasting, and cost-competitive concrete is widely available; this
requires a stable and abundant supply of inexpensive fly ash. While
alternative sources of fly ash do exist (such as landfilled or ponded
fly ash), these have not been used due to a lack of guidelines and
protocols to evaluate the performance of these ashes and identify
necessary beneficiation procedures before they can be incorporated
into concrete mixtures.
This study seeks to evaluate the feasibility, performance, and
beneficiation of two promising alternative sources of fly ash:
recovered dry-disposed fly ash and FBC fly ash. Samples of both
materials will be collected from several fly ash landfills and FBC
power plants, then characterized to determine their chemical and
physical properties, performance in concrete mixtures, and areas
of noncompliance with ASTM C618 requirements. Accordingly,
the most appropriate and economical methods for treatment and
beneficiation of these fly ashes will be identified, developed, and
employed. The experimental research will be supplemented with
cost analyses to evaluate the economic and practical feasibility of
using such unconventional fly ashes as viable concrete SCM. The
project findings will be used to potentially develop new ACI
guidelines for the evaluation and use of recovered fly ash and
FBC fly ash in concrete.
CRC Announces Update of Guidelines
for Performance-Based Seismic Design of
Tall Buildings
The original Guidelines for Performance-Based Seismic
Design of Tall Buildings was published in 2010. Developed by
18 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (PEER)
as part of the Tall Buildings Initiative (TBI) and thus widely
known as the TBI Guidelines, the document provides a
performance-based design procedure for earthquake-resistant
tall buildings as an alternative to the prescriptive design
procedures incorporated by reference into the International
Building Code, including those in ASCE/SEI 7, Minimum
Design Loads For Buildings and Other Structures.
Since the initial publication of the TBI Guidelines,
structural engineers have gained substantial experience in
application of performance-based techniques for the design of
buildings around the world. Significant advances have also
been made in nonlinear analytical capability and in defining
ground motions for use in nonlinear seismic analysis. The
updated TBI Guidelines will facilitate the most up-to-date
performance-based design, review, acceptance, and
construction of buildings using current materials, structural
systems, and devices.
The team that produced the update was led by Jack
Moehle, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA,
and Ron Hamburger, Simpson Gumpertz & Heger. The
project was supported by ACI Committee 318, Structural
Concrete Building Code, specifically Subcommittee 318-H,
Seismic Provisions. The ACI Foundation was a co-funder of
this research project, along with the Charles Pankow
Foundation, American Institute of Steel Construction, Federal
Emergency Management Agency, Structural Engineering
Institute of the American Society of Civil Engineers, and the
Structural Engineers Association of California.
Victoria Apartments, a
24-story residential
tower in Seattle, WA
Driving Concrete
Technology
Highlights of The ACI Concrete Convention and Exposition Spring 2017

T
he leadership in advancing worldwide concrete
technology embodied by ACI membersindustry and
academic professionals as well as aspiring students
isone of the strengths of the Institute. Examples of leadership
activities and qualities were part of the presentations and
discussions during The ACI Concrete Convention and
Exposition Spring 2017, held March 26-30, 2017, in
Detroit,MI.
The event was organized by the Greater Michigan
Chapter ACI, and set a new record for an ACI Spring
Convention, with the participation of 2021 attendees,
including 451 students.

International Forum on ACIs Global

Leadership Activities
At the start of the convention, Khaled W. Awad, ACI
VicePresident (2014-2016), welcomed representatives from
around the world to the International Forum. The setting gave
attendees opportunities to learn about other international
organizationstheir activities, upcoming publications, and
eventsand how ACI is working with its International
Partners to collaboratively develop and disseminate technical Michael J. Schneider, ACI President 2016-2017, presented
information on concrete and concrete structures. certificates of appreciation to Greater Michigan Chapter ACI
Presentations by speakers from ACI chapters and concrete Convention Committee Co-Chairs Tony Johnson and John Perry
associations in nine countries included:
S.K. Manjrekar, India Chapter ACI, focused on the global
activities of the chapter, new student chapters, and ACI Greater Michigan Chapter ACI
Certification activities. He informed attendees about Convention Committee
upcoming international conferences including the Third Co-Chairs: John Perry and Tony Johnson
R.N. Raikar Memorial International Conference, Contractors Day: Russ Bennett, Jeff Krupcale, and
December14-15, 2018, in Mumbai, India; Chad Nienhuis
Jongsung Sim, Korea Concrete Institute (KCI), discussed Guest Program: Kerry Sutton
details of the KCI convention, and the increased paper Publicity and Social Programs: Casey Coffin and
submissions to the International Journal of Concrete Marshall Grazioli
Structures and Materials. He announced that the Sixth Student Program: Mike Livernois, David
International Conference of Euro Asia Civil Engineering Hollingsworth, and Ricky Gallegos
Forum will take place at Hanyang University, Seoul, At-Large Volunteers: Chris Carnacchi, Jeremy
Korea, August 22-25, 2017; Chesterfield, David Evangelista, Mario Garza, Jason
Nemkumar Banthia, Canada-India Research Centre Harris, Tom McCurry, Mike McKown, and Bill West
ofExcellence and University of British Columbia,
discussed the progress of IC-IMPACTS, a Canadian

www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 19

 Network of Centres of Excellence. The Centre serves as
anew model for international collaboration focused on
solving global challenges. His presentation on Social
Innovation through University-Industry-Community
Partnerships focused on the core research areas of
safeand sustainable infrastructure, integrated water
management, and publichealth;
Omar Javier Silva, Federacin Iberoamericana del
Hormign Premezclado, provided details of the Concrete
Delivery Professional Certification Program. The
programs objective is to increase the operational
standards of industry drivers through professionalization;
Khaled W. Awad (left), ACIs President for 2017-2018, accepted the
presidential gavel at the Opening Session
Michael J. Schneider, ACI President 2016-2017 (left), congratulated 50-year members Robert L. Terpening, Richard C. Meininger, David W.
Johnston, Robert L. Henry, Douglas J. Haavik, Charles W. Dolan, David Darwin, Marvin E. Criswell, and Antoine E. Naaman at the Opening Session
20 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
Guillermo Gonzlez, President, Costa Rica Chapter
ACI, shared information on the chapters successful
participation in ACI Certification programs and delivery
of ACI 318-14 seminars;
Irene Campos, Instituto Costarricense del Cemento y del
Concreto (ICCYC), discussed the associations mission
andvalues and talked about the ACI Certification programs
that the association administers as part of its technology
transfer efforts. ICCYC delivers different courses to local
governments, as well as to construction companies,
professionals, and students;
David Millar, CEO of Concrete Institute of Australia
(CIA), informed attendees on Whats Big Down Under.
Details of several large projects were shared, including
information on the Wellcamp Aiport, winner of an ACI
Excellence in Concrete Construction Award;
Mark Alexander, Director, Concrete Society of Southern
Africa (CSSA), discussed the seminars that the society
hasproduced on a variety of topics including durability,
testing, and recycling. Alexander also shared details of
CSSAs official journal, Concrete Beton;
Johan Vyncke, President, RILEM, focused on the
associations technical committee work and upcoming
events. For more on RILEMs activities during and after
the convention, see RILEM Delegation Visits ACI in
thiscollection of convention highlights; and
Robert Lewis, Vice President of the Institute of Concrete
Technology-UK, discussed that organizations emphasis on
education, focusing on the synergy between academic and
practical, with the aim of a global training qualification.
The Forum was followed by a lunch presentation by
Oussama Baalbaki, Beirut Arab University, and Dar-Al
Handasah, on the Raft Construction Methodology of the
Worlds Tallest Building in Jeddah. The presentation covered
the construction methodology of the Kingdom Tower raft
foundation, focusing on the practices related to preplace
ment, placement, and post-placement activities. Baalbaki
also discussed the preparatory work concerning the
construction mock-ups, concrete mixture design, thermo
couples installation, formwork design, and precautions for
concreting in hot weather conditions.

Ideas on Effective Leadership Emphasized at

the Opening Session
Tom Flick, former NFL quarterback and motivational
speaker, delivered the keynote address at the Opening Session.
In his talk on Leadership in a Faster Moving World, he
emphasized that its important to know the distinction During the FRP Composites Competition
between leadership and management. Management is
transactional, leadership is transformational, Flick stated.
Tocapitalize on windows of opportunity, leadership must
bea responsibility for everyone, not just one executive.
Flick presented an argument to rethink ideas about
leadership. He noted that leadership is the name of the game,
leadership is about seizing opportunities, and leadership is
agile and fast. The number one challenge is complacency,
andthe number one asset is true urgency. To achieve true
urgency, he said, its necessary to focus the heart and the
mind. He noted that great leaders go after the big opportunity
by pushing frontiers. Go first and lead the way. Help others
to win, Flick concluded.
At the Opening Session, ACIs newest Honorary Members
and Fellows were recognized for their contributions to the
Institute. Several members who have achieved 50 years of
continuous ACI membership were also introduced.
Students from Universidad San Francisco de Quito finished in first
place in both the Structure Type 1 and 2 categories of the FRP
Students Collaborate and Compete Composites Competition
Students from 35 universities participated in the 2017
Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Composites Competition at
the ACI Convention. In this challenging competition, students
First place: Universidad San Francisco de Quito, students
Andres Rodriguez, Jose Eduardo Paredes, Milagros Jimenez,
designed, constructed, and tested a concrete structure and Juan Jos Tamayo; Francisco Jtiva, Faculty Advisor;
reinforced with FRP bars to achieve the optimal load-to-cost
ratio, predicted the ultimate load, and predicted the load that
Second place: Facultad de Estudios Superiores Aragn,
students Gonzlez Cruz Jos Antonio and Gonzlez
would result in a piston deflection of 3.5 mm (0.14 in.). Ramrez Juan Manuel; Jose Paulo Mejorada Mota, Faculty
The top finishers in the Structure Type 1 Category were: Advisor;
First place: Universidad San Francisco de Quito, students Third place: University of Puerto Rico at Mayaguez,
Santiago Bolaos, Danilo Garcia, and Alejandra Leon; students Isabelle Martnez Rivera, Kaliam Y. Ortiz, Jaime
Francisco Jtiva, Faculty Advisor; Fuentes Ortiz, and Manuel Gonzlez Soto; Arsenio
Second place: Facultad de Estudios Superiores Aragn, Cceres, Faculty Advisor.
students Hernndez de la Cruz Jos Eduardo, Olea Silva The winners of the student competition were announced at
Juan Jess, and Ruiz Garduo Eduardo Andrs; Jose Paulo the Student Lunch, where students and other ACI attendees
Mejorada Mota, Faculty Advisor; heard speaker Lance J. Richards give a presentation titled:
Third place: Universidad De Cuenca, students Alvaro Seven Deadly Sins: The Seven Things You Must Do
Romn Bacuilima Muoz, Darwin Miguel Apolo toRemain Unemployed and in Your Parents Basement.
Bustamante, Rubn Sebastin Guambaa Chrrez, Wilson Richards told attendees that there is a shortage of talent,
Pal Guilln Chima, and Jasson Rubn Snchez Calle; not a shortage of people, and he encouraged them to join
Juan Fernando Zalamea Len, Faculty Advisor. professional associations, get certifications, and think about
In the Structure Type 2 Category, the winners included: continuing education.

www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 21

ACI Student Leaders Exchange Ideas and
BestPractices
Student speakers representing eight domestic and inter
national universities participated in the first ACI Student
Forum at the ACI Convention in Detroit, MI, on March 27,
2017. The Student Forum provided an opportunity for student
chapters and student competition teams to meet and learn
from one another and gain ideas for programs that they
couldimplement on their campus. Student speakers gave
presentations about the activities and achievements of their
student chapter or competition team.
Nearly 100 attendees gathered for the forum, moderated
byKanette Worlds, ACI Student, Faculty, and Young Pro
fessional Activities Coordinator. She introduced John Conn,
ACI Director of Chapter Activities, who talked about the
relationship between ACI and its professional and student
chapters, followed by Karla Kruse, Chair of the ACI Student
and Young Professional Activities Committee (SYPAC).
Kruse explained the personal and professional benefits of
students and young members serving on ACI committees.
Khaled W. Awad, ACI Vice President (2014-2016), and
Ron Burg, ACI Executive Vice President, were both in
attendance for this special event. During a brief introduction,
Awad attributed an increasing impact on Lebanons concrete
community by students who were involved with the Lebanon
Chapter ACI.
Presentations included:
North Carolina State University (NCSU) Student Chapter
ACI shared the experience of an education abroad trip to
Panama. The university partnered with several concrete
companies and Universidad Tecnologica de Panama to
make the trip to the Panama Canal possible. NCSU
students participated in a certification session with 27
Panamanian technicians and engineers and conducted
written and field examinations as proctors; sponsored by
the Carolinas Chapter ACI;
City College of New York (CCNY) Student Chapter ACI
focused on its involvement and design analysis for the
At the Student Forum, members of the Instituto Maa de Tecnologia
Student Chapter ACI talked about student competitions in Brazil
and invited other ACI students to join them
22 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
ASCE Concrete Canoe and the ACI FRP Beam, FRC
Bowling Ball, and Mortar Workability competitions. The
students also participated in field trips to local construction
sites; sponsored by CCNY;
Instituto Maa de Tecnologia Student Chapter ACI
hasparticipated in, and won, several local competitions
inBrazil including the Egg Protection Device, Concrete
Ball, Colored Cube Concrete, and Audacity competitions.
The presenters extended an invitation to other ACI students
to join them for upcoming competitions in Brazil; sponsored
by IBRACON;
Universidad San Francisco de Quito Student Chapter
ACI was established in November 2014. Since its incep
tion, the students have participated in several construction
site tours, seminars, and high school outreaches and won
multiple ACI competitions; sponsored by the Ecuador
Chapter ACI;
University of Houston Downtown Student Chapter ACI
brought two teams to the Spring 2017 FRP Composites
Competition. One team developed an I beam while the
other team created an arch beam. Their presentation
highlighted the objectives, requirements, and mixture
performance for each project. The student speakers
concluded by detailing a prototype for a floating trash
collector that they developed in response to severe flooding
in the area; sponsored by the Houston Chapter ACI;
University of Waterloo Student Chapter ACI was
launched in Fall 2016 with 20 to 25 civil engineering
students, mainly in their third year or younger. Led by
twograduate students, the student chapter is divided into
atwo-stream team that alternates between co-op and
school terms every 4 months; sponsored by the Ontario
Chapter ACI;
Universidad Autnoma de Nuevo Len (UANL) has
participated in 41 ACI conventions since 1995, resulting
in27 first-place, 17 second-place, and 15 third-place wins.
The student chapter receives significant support from its
faculty advisors and corporate sponsors that assist them
Pam Jeffords, a partner at Mercer, presented the Workforce
Innovation summit keynote address on Learn How to Accelerate
Progress in your Diversity Strategy
 with certification training and continuing education Talent acquisition and workforce retention;
seminars and webinars; sponsored by the Central and The future laborforforce;
Opportunities women;
South Mexico Chapter ACI; and Generational differences.and
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Student Chapter Jeffords noted that only 50% of skills needed today will
ACI was founded in 1993 and has consistently been
recognized as an ACI Excellent University from 2011 to beapplicable in 2020, and current job positions will require
2016. The student speaker shared that one of the keys to different skill sets in just a few years. She also noted that
the success of their chapter is the ability to secure funding skills instability will be high for all industries, regardless of
from the university and corporate sponsors. The students employment outlook.
regularly organize monthly meetings
with keynote speakers, student-led
workshops, K-12 education out
reaches, and a joint-meeting with
thelocal chapter; sponsored by the
Illinois Chapter ACI.

Addressing the Changing Slab-on-grade concrete leaves no space

Workforce between the ground and the structure.
The question Do we have the right
labor force for the jobs that will exist This can cause differential shrinkage, curling at joints and
in10 years? was the theme of the edges, and expensive ooring failure.
Workforce Innovation summit held at
theACI Convention in Detroit, MI. The
summit, organized by Women in Concrete University of Utah Basketball Facility, Salt Lake City.
Alliance (WICA), allowed attendees to
learn about effective diversity strategies With PREVent-C admixture and 4 lbs/CY macro
what is working and what is hurting bers, an entire 14,000 square-foot concrete slab
progressand discover actions their was poured continuously with no joints. The oor
organizations can take to drive progress. was so at and level that no grinding was needed
Michael J. Schneider, ACI President to install high-quality wood ooring.
2016-2017 and Senior Vice President/
Chief People Officer for Baker Concrete
Construction, explained that it is
incumbent upon the industry to have
more diversity and inclusion in our
workforce. By doing this, we will have
an adequate supply of professionals and
tradespeople to support industry demand. PREVENT
CRACKS.
Bringing more women into the industry
is one possible solution.
Through our participation in this
event, we learn best practices being
used by other industries, which we can
incorporate into Bakers recruiting
strategies and tactics, henoted. PREPARE FOR
In addition to a keynote session
aswell as roundtable forums led by
PamJeffords, a partner at Mercer and a
globalexpert on diversity and inclusion
VICTORY.
in the workplace, the program included
commentary and insight from industry
leaders related to key issues facing the 800 227 4287
concrete industry including: PREMIERMAGNESIA.COM/CPG/STABILITY
Research update on the status of the
industry;

www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 23

 The session also included an update from Sefla Fuhrman
on her recent doctoral research focused on women in
nontraditional occupations, specifically the concrete
construction industry. She discussed how employment levels
and salaries in the construction industry compare to those in
other industries, as well as tactics to address shortages.
Omar Javier Silva, Chief of Publications for the Colombian
Ready Mixed Concrete Producers Association (ASOCRETO),
shared his experiences with the WICA events held in
Colombia in 2014 and 2016 as well as in Miami, FL, in 2015.
He expressed his belief that workforce innovation will
resonate in the U.S. concrete companies.
Building on the success of similar gatherings in South
America and in Miami, the WICA Steering Committee was
excited to be able to host an event for the concrete industry
that shares insight on todays changing workforce, said
Kimberly Kayler, WICA Co-Founder and President of
Constructive Communication, Inc. Through the sponsorship
of ACI and Baker Concrete Construction, we were able to
assemble leading-edge speakers to provide practical guidance
on how to thrive in todays global workplace environment.
Enrico Sassoni with RILEM session moderator Nicolas Roussel
Gaurav Sant with RILEM session moderator Nicolas Roussel
24 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
The Workforce Innovation Forum provided a unique
opportunity to apply the ACI brainpower and amazing
problem-solving skills to a paramount concrete industry
challenge: attracting and retaining people, said Anne Ellis,
ACI Past President and a member of the Summit Steering
Committee. As we tackle this immediate problem, we are
faced with an equally perplexing problem: finding people and
developing those skills that will be in demand in the concrete
industry in 5 to 10 years. It is insightful to learn from our
colleagues what those skills may be in academia, design,
andconstruction.
WICA is a networking organization for women in the
concrete industry that focuses on increasing the percentage of
women in the concrete industry, encourages opportunities
forwomen in leadership, fosters organizations that embrace
diversity, and challenges the concrete industry to mentor and
sponsor women.
Visit www.womeninconcretealliance.org.
RILEM Delegation Visits ACI
After attending the ACI convention, representatives from
RILEM visited ACI headquarters to learn more about ACI
activities and discuss opportunities for closer cooperation.
Pascale Ducornet, General Secretary, and Anne Griffoin,
Communications Advisor, toured the headquarters building
inFarmington Hills, MI, and met with staff to discuss topics
such as membership, marketing, chapter activities, and
professional development activities.
RILEM, in addition to exhibiting at the ACI convention,
was involved in two sessions at the convention: European
Specifications for SCC and Review of the Most Recent
RILEM Performance Specifications Document and RILEM
Session: Gustavo Colonnetti Lectures. The 2017 awardees
were Gaurav Sant for his paper, Silicate Dissolution in
Cementitious Environments: The Origin of Rate Controls and
Their Implications on Chemical Reactivity and Durability,
and Enrico Sassoni, for his paper Phosphate-Based Treat
ments for Conservation of Stone.
The Gustavo Colonnetti Medal, established in 2016, is
given in recognition of a researcher of less than 35 years for
outstanding scientific contribution to the field of construction
materials and structures.
Next: Making Connections in Anaheim, CA
Registration is now open for the ACI Convention Fall
2017, October 15-19, at Disneyland Hotel in Anaheim, CA.
Some of the major events planned include the International
Workshop on Structural Concrete on October 14, the 13th
International Symposium on Fiber-Reinforced Polymer
Reinforcement of Concrete Structures (FRPRCS) on
October14-15, and the Excellence in Concrete Construction
Awards Gala on October 16.
Visit www.aciconvention.org for more information.
Follow the ACI Convention on Facebook, Instagram, and
Twitter with #aciconvention.
SAVE THE DATE
ACI Excellence in Concrete
Construction Awards Gala

October 16, 2017

$
Join us for a dinner and
formal presentation

Visit www.ACIExcellence.org for opportunities to

purchase a table or individual seats
ACI Foundation Awards
Student Fellowships and
Scholarships for 2017-2018
Applications for the 2018-2019 awards cycle will open mid-summer 2017
T
he ACI Foundation has awarded nine Student
Fellowships, seven Graduate Scholarships, and
oneUndergraduate Scholarship for the 2017-2018
academic year.
ACI Foundation Student Fellowships
The ACI Foundation Student Fellowships are offered
tohigh-potential undergraduate and graduate students in
engineering, construction management, and other appropriate
curricula who are nominated by an ACI faculty member. The
purpose of the Student Fellowship Program is to identify,
attract, and develop outstanding professionals for productive
careers in the concrete field. During the academic year, each
student will receive a $7000 to $15,000 educational stipend
for tuition, residence, books, and materials; appropriate
certificates, recognition, and publicity; paid travel expenses
and attendance fees to two ACI conventions; assignment
to an industry mentor; and an optional summer internship
(internships are required to receive the ACI Baker Student
Fellowship, ACI Elmer Baker Student Fellowship, ACI
Cagley Student Fellowship, and ACI Charles Pankow
StudentFellowship).
The last portion of the application process is an interview
with the ACI Foundation Scholarship Council. Finalists
selected for the ACI Foundation Fellowships were invited
toattend The ACI Concrete Convention and Exposition
Spring 2017 in Detroit, MI. The recipients include:
ACI Baker Student Fellowship
Frank-Nelson Musemate attends Drexel University,
Philadelphia, PA, where he is pursuing a joint bachelors
degree in civil engineering and a masters degree in structural
engineering with a construction management minor. After
graduation, he plans to join a top civil/structural/construction
engineering firm, pass his professional engineer license exam,
and focus on securing project management positions. He
aspires to start a design-build company that will focus on
26 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
high-rise structures and affordable residential homes. During
his spare time, Musemate plans to become an adjunct
professor and teach university-level engineering classes.
Abi Aghayere, Drexel University, was his Faculty
Nominator.
ACI Barbara S. and W. Calvin McCall Carolinas
Fellowship
David Scott is a PhD Candidate in infrastructure and
environmental systems at the University of North Carolina
(UNC) at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC. His career plans include
continuing to work in the concrete industry, supporting the
advancement of concrete technology, and working with the
current and next generation of concrete engineers.
Tara Cavalline, UNC Charlotte, was his Faculty
Nominator.
ACI Charles Pankow Student Fellowship
Megan Voss is pursuing her PhD in civil engineering,
witha concentration in construction materials, at Valparaiso
University, Valparaiso, IN. Her career goal is to become a
professor at a university that focuses on teaching.
Jacob Henschen, Valparaiso University, was her Faculty
Nominator.
ACI Daniel W. Falconer Memorial Fellowship
Bjorn Vors will attend the University of Saskatchewan,
Saskatoon, SK, Canada, to study for his MS degree. He
plansto work in the design industry for several years, then
pursue his PhD and transition into research and teaching at
auniversity.
Lisa Feldman, University of Saskatchewan, was his
Faculty Nominator.
ACI Darrell Elliott Louisiana Fellowship
Ryan Whelchel is a PhD Candidate in civil engineering
atPurdue University, West Lafayette, IN. My goal, as a
Musemate Scott Voss
structural engineer, is to learn every day to improve myself
and others so that the future will be better than the past,
Whelchel said. He plans to become a licensed engineer, stay
active in local and national engineering societies, and work to
ensure the safety of structures under all conditions.
Christopher Williams, Purdue University, was his Faculty
Nominator.
ACI Presidents Fellowship
Elizabeth Delesky is enrolled in the Materials Science and
Engineering Program at the University of Colorado Boulder,
Boulder, CO. Her career goal is to become a professor in
materials science research and lead the creation of envi
ronmentally friendly and sustainable materials for a wide
variety of applications.
Wil Srubar, University of Colorado Boulder, was her
Faculty Nominator.
ACI Richard D. Stehly Memorial Fellowship
Rebecca Valliere is attending Valparaiso University,
Valparaiso, IN, working toward her BS in civil engineering.
She would like to pursue her MS in materials and continue
tofurther her knowledge through working in the industry.
Valliere is undecided as to whether she will pursue academia
after gaining experience in the field.
Jacob Henschen, Valparaiso University, was her Faculty
Nominator.
ACI Richard N. White Student Fellowship
Katelyn OQuinn will be attending the University of
Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, pursuing her MS in structural
engineering. After receiving her masters degree, she will
work in structural design and obtain her PE and SE licenses.
OQuinn plans to pursue her PhD with the goal of becoming
aprofessor of concrete structure design.
Tyler Ley, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK,
washer Faculty Nominator.
ACI Tribute to the Founders Fellowship
Bret Robertson is a PhD Candidate in civil engineering
atOklahoma State University. Following his doctoral studies,
he hopes to remain in academia as civil engineering faculty,
using previous experience to contribute to the advancement
ofthe concrete industry through teaching the next generation
of engineers and performing research that provides practical
Vors Whelchel Delesky
Valliere OQuinn Robertson
solutions. He plans to stay active with ACI, continuing to
contribute and learn.
Tyler Ley, Oklahoma State University, was his Faculty
Nominator.
ACI Foundation Graduate and Undergraduate
Scholarships
Funded primarily through donations, the ACI Foundation
administers these scholarships, which are offered to high-
potential, full-time first- or second-year (after bachelors
degree) graduate students. During the academic year, each
student will receive a $3000 educational stipend ($5000 for
the ACI Stewart C. Watson Memorial Scholarship) for tuition,
residence, books, and materials and appropriate certificates,
recognition, and publicity. The ACI Richard D. Stehly Memorial
Scholarship is awarded to an undergraduate student.
Recipients of the 2017-2018 ACI Foundation Graduate and
Undergraduate Scholarships are:
ACI Bertold E. Weinberg Scholarship
Jordan Carrette will be pursuing his MASc in structural
engineering with an emphasis on the shear behavior of
reinforced and prestressed concrete structures at the
University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. He previously
attended the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB,
Canada. Carrettes career ambitions include becoming both
auniversity professor and a professional consultant. As a
professor, he will continually strive to expand his under
standing of concrete structures. As a consultant, he hopes
thathis industry experience will allow him to advance
standards and improve public safety in civil infrastructure.
ACI Katharine & Bryant Mather Scholarship
Robert Bruns will be attending Lehigh University,
Bethlehem, PA, pursuing a masters degree in structural
www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 27
Carrette Bruns Bonis
engineering. After Lehigh, he plans to work for a structural
design firm in either vertical structures or bridges. Bruns
previously attended Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ.
ACI Richard D. Stehly Memorial Scholarship
Damien Bonis is pursuing his BS in concrete industry
management with a minor in business at California State
University Chico, Chico, CA. His goal after graduating is
towork toward an MBA and learn more about industry
business management.
ACI Scholarship
Richard Standage is a PhD Candidate in construction
management at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ. His
career goal is to teach students what he has learned over
thepast 40-plus years as an owner of a concrete placement
company, particularly regarding concrete materials
properties and concrete construction. He started going to
college in 2009 and doesnt plan to stop until he receives
hisPhD.
Bryanna Noade is pursuing her MASc in the Department
of Civil Engineering at McMaster University, Hamilton,
ON,Canada. After receiving her degree in 2018, she plans to
pursue a job in bridge engineering. Noade hopes to participate
in novel bridge projects and explore bridge construction from
the side of different stakeholders, such as a consultant, owner,
or contractor. She is looking forward to exploring what a
career in bridge engineering has to offer.
ACI Schwing America Scholarship
Frederic Bedard is pursuing his masters degree in civil
engineering (materials and structures division) at Universit
Laval, Qubec City, QC, Canada. He hopes to become a
bridge designer, which is his childhood dream. Concrete is
used in a very particular way in these complex structures and
the challenge of properly designing them genuinely appeals
tome, Bedard said. Additionally, he would like to pursue an
international career, working on projects and collaborating
with people from around the world.
ACI Stewart C. Watson Memorial Scholarship
Otgonchimeg Davaadorj is pursuing her MS in civil
engineering (focus on structural engineering) at the University
ofWashington, Seattle, WA. I have always been passionate
28 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
Standage Noade
Bedard Davaadorj Feist
about studying and working with precast and prestressed
concrete structures, Davaadorj said. Upon completion of
mymasters degree, I will be working as a structural design
engineer. As I gain more experience in structural design, I will
work toward my professional engineering license so that I can
contribute to the precast and prestressed concrete industry
more in depth, she added. Eventually, she would like to start
her own structural design firm.
ACI W. Gene Corley Memorial Scholarship
Jeremy Feist is studying structural engineering at South
Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, SD. His
career goals include working as a structural engineer and then
seeking further education. Feist is undecided if he wants to
keep pursuing the technical field or focus on the business
side.He plans to work as an engineer for a few years before
making that decision.
Nominate a Student, Submit an Application
The application process will open soon for the ACI
Foundation Student Fellowships and Graduate and Under
graduate Scholarships that will be awarded in the 2018-2019
academic year. Instructions to nominate a student for the
ACIFoundation Student Fellowship Program are available
at www.scholarshipcouncil.org/Student-Awards/
Fellowships. Only students nominated by faculty members
who are also ACI members will be eligible to receive
applications for the ACI Foundation Student Fellowship
Program. After a student is formally nominated, the
ACIFoundation will e-mail an application to the
nominatedstudent.
Applications for ACI Foundation Graduate and Under
graduate Scholarships are available to students whose studies
relate to concrete and do not require a faculty nomination.
Formore information, visit www.scholarshipcouncil.org.
Closure Strip Strategies
Available design approaches are summarized and evaluated against field data
by Andre Brault, Neil Hoult, Tom Greenough, Ian Trudeau, and Barry Charnish
T
he construction industry in the United States accounts
for 4% (about $720 billion) of the countrys Gross
Domestic Product.1 Thus, the elimination of any
construction inefficiencies could lead to significant economic
benefits. Currently, reinforced concrete (RC) buildings with
floor plans larger than 60 to 76 m (200 to 250 ft) commonly
include closure strips to mitigate the formation of shrinkage
cracks. Closure strips, also referred to as pour strips or
shrinkage strips, add to the cost and timelines of a project,2
and yet the industry lacks detailed guidance regarding their
design and need for implementation. Further, it has been
hypothesized that closure strips are often used when they are not
needed, especially in the upper levels of multi-story buildings.3,4
Closure strips are temporary gaps that allow sections of
floors on either side to undergo shrinkage independently (Fig. 1).
This reduces the maximum-induced shrinkage stresses and
mitigates the formation of cracks that can form when
shrinkage is restrained by vertical structural elements such as
columns, shear walls, and shear cores.4,5
Typically, closure strips are filled anywhere from 2 to 12
weeks following the placement of the main slab. This results
in a number of challenges:
Primary shoring and formwork must be kept in place at the
location of the closure strip and at all the adjacent bays
until the strip is closed and the concrete has reached the
desired design strength;
The presence of shores/reshores in these bays adds to the
project timeline by delaying mechanical, electrical, and
other contractors; and
The presence of shoring leads to additional material and
labor costs.3
While modern technologies such as lockable dowels can
eliminate the need for shoring at closure strips, the spacing of
the joints, the size of concrete slab that truly requires them,
and the time at which the joints can be locked are design
questions that remain unanswered.
In short, only limited guidance is available for RC closure
strip design. Most available design methods are primarily
based on industry experience,2,5 and only a few include
considerations of many building specific characteristics that
affect slab shrinkage. A design method that takes these effects
into consideration was developed by Kim and Cho.4 Although
this method looks promising, we are aware of no field data
validating its predictions. We also know of no published
reports on monitoring of closure strips in RC buildings. This
article summarizes design approaches that are currently
available, presents a case study of closure strip monitoring,
and compares the obtained field measurements with
predictions from two available design approaches.
Available Design Approaches
For post-tensioned slabs, strip placement requirements are
summarized in some detail in the literature.5,6 Guidelines for
expansion joint design are also readily available,5,7 and it is
common for engineers to use these, paired with engineering
judgment, for RC closure strip design.
We know of only a few guidelines that apply directly to the
design of RC slab closure strips. While Commentary Sections
R4.4.5 and R5.3.6 of ACI 318-148 mention the use of closure
strips as a method to control shrinkage cracking in RC
buildings, they do not provide design guidance. Fintel5
suggests that concrete slabs greater than 60 m in length
Fig. 1: A 1 m (3.28 ft) wide closure strip before concrete placement
(photo courtesy of A. Brault)
www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 29

(a)
(b)
Fig. 2: The Rideau Centre Expansion construction project, Ottawa, ON,
Canada, served as field monitoring site (photos courtesy of doublespace
photography)
require a closure strip (denoted as shrinkage strips in Fintels
handbook). The handbooks recommendations include:
The spacing between strips should be 30 to 45 m (100 to
150 ft), but should be less if the slab has very stiff supports
(no guidance is given on stiffness levels or spacing
reductions);
The strip widths generally should be between 600 and
900 mm (24 and 36 in.) to contain a reinforcement lap
splice; and
The strips should be closed (filled with concrete) 2 to 4 weeks
following the slab placement.
Suprenant2 presents guidelines that state:
Concrete slabs with a length greater than 76 m should have
a closure strip;
The width of a strip containing lap splices should be
between 900 and 1200 mm (36 and 48 in.); and
The strips should be closed anytime from 2 to 12 weeks
following the slab placement.
Suprenants work provides further guidance on determining
when to fill the strip by monitoring both the expansion of the
closure strip and temperature.2 The monitoring technique
presented later in this article can potentially aid in this regard.
Kim and Cho present a numerical model for designing
closure strips in multi-story RC buildings.4 The model
30 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
considers tensile stress relief in the slabs caused by the
implementation of closure strips to determine where they are
required and when they should be filled. To estimate the
shrinkage stresses induced in each concrete floor slab, the
model includes shrinkage strain with time, the level of creep
relaxation over time, and the degree of restraint that the slab
experiences from a buildings structural elements.
Shrinkage and creep predictions can be determined using
models published by ACI or the Euro-International Concrete
Committee (CEB). For the former case, shrinkage strains with
time are determined using models from ACI 209.2R-08,9 in
which shrinkage strains are represented as temperature
changes (using a coefficient of thermal expansion) that are
applied as a load case to the buildings structural model. The
axial stresses in the concrete slabs are then reduced due to
creep relaxation in accordance with the ACI 209.2R-08
approach. If final tensile stresses in the model exceed the
tensile strength of the concrete, a closure strip is required on
that level. Kim and Cho also provide an equation to determine
how long each strip should remain unfilled throughout the
building.4 Further details regarding this process can be found
in Reference 4. In this article, the experience-based guidelines
described by Suprenant2 and the numerical model by Kim and
Cho4 will be compared to results from the closure strip
monitoring case study.
The Monitoring Site
We monitored closure strips in the Rideau Centre
Expansion, which is a large RC building in Ottawa, ON,
Canada (Fig. 2). The building consists of seven 80 x 80 m
(262 x 262 ft) concrete slabstwo below-ground floor slabs,
one ground-level slab, and four elevated slabs (three above-
ground floors plus the roof, each with a large oval opening).
Each slab had a north-south closure strip and an east-west
closure strip, as seen in Fig. 3(a). The locations of shear walls
and columns are shown in Fig. 3(b).
The buildings closure strips (Fig. 1) were 1 m (3.28 ft)
wide and contained a reinforcement lap splice of 0.8 m (2.6 ft)
at the monitored locations. The slabs and reinforcement on
either side of the strip were physically independent of each
other until the strip was closed 28 days later.
Figure 3(a) shows the order of placements for the slabs.
The placements on either side of the closure strip were
generally separated by 3 to 34 days. Only Zone 5b, in the
southern portion of the building, was placed on both sides of
the strip simultaneously, so the closure strips were monitored
only in that zone (shown in Fig. 3(a)). Monitoring was limited
to Levels 2 and 3. An aerial image of the building during
construction (Fig. 4) shows Zone 5a placement on Level 3.
Instrumentation
Closure strip displacements were monitored using
subminiature differential variable reluctance transducers
(DVRTs) coupled with high-speed, wireless nodes (DVRT
signal conditioners), all supplied by LORD Microstrain. The
 (a)

Fig. 4: Zone 5a placement on Level 3 at the Rideau Centre Expansion

project (photo courtesy of PCL Constructors Canada, Inc.)

(b)

Fig. 3: Plans for the Rideau Centre Expansion project: (a) closure
strips and concrete placement zones; and (b) shear walls and column
locations
(a)

wireless nodes measured ambient temperature within the strip

while also recording and transmitting displacement and
temperature measurements to a data logging computer. Two
displacement transducers with wireless nodes were installed
for redundancy on each monitored level.
The instrumentation setup for each displacement transducer
and wireless node is shown in Fig. 5. A displacement
transducer was attached to a reinforcing bar extending into
the strip from one side, and the sensor head was positioned in
contact with a bar or the concrete on the other side of the strip. (b)
This setup enabled the expansion/contraction of the strip itself
Fig. 5: Closure strip instrumentation using displacement transducer
to be measured. and wireless node: (a) side view of Level 2 setup; and (b) top view of
The setups used on Level 2 were different from those used Level 3 setup
on Level 3. The sensor heads for the displacement transducers
on Level 2 were placed in direct contact with the concrete
slab, so the edge forms within the strip had to be removed Monitoring Results
before transducer installation. As a result, the transducers Closure strip displacement and temperature measurements
were not installed until 2 days after placement of the slab. The are shown in Fig. 6 and 7 for Level 2 and 3, respectively. The
setup was improved on Level 3 (Fig. 5(b)): each transducer daily average temperature in Ottawa is also shown.10 Negative
sensor head was installed in contact with a vertical aluminum displacement readings indicate expansion of the closure strip
bracket attached to the reinforcement extending from the and therefore contraction of the slabs on either side of the
opposite side. This enabled the displacement measurements to strip. The thermal expansion of the instrumentation setup
be taken immediately following the placement of the slab. In itself has been compensated for in the displacement
all installations, a plywood box was installed over the sensors measurements.
and tied to the reinforcement in the strip to protect the
instrumentation. Also in all installations, displacement and Level 2
temperature readings were taken every 10 minutes until the The instrumentation on Level 2 was installed 2 days
closure strip was filled with concrete or the instrumentation following the placement of the main slab; thus, the first 2 days
was compromised. of closure strip behavior were not captured for this level. It is

www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 31

Fig. 6: Closure strip displacement and temperature measurements
for Level 2 (Note: 1 mm = 0.04 in.; F = 1.8 C + 32) Level 3 (Note: 1 mm = 0.04 in.; F = 1.8 C + 32)
also evident in Fig. 6 that one of the two displacement
transducers was compromised at 9 days. However, both
transducers were in good agreement prior. The other
transducer remained in place until the closure strip was filled
with concrete at 29 days. Most of the slab shrinkage
measured appears to occur before day 9, with a maximum
displacement of 2.8 mm (0.11 in.) on day 8. It can be seen
that the displacement readings correspond to temperature
changes throughout the monitored period. As the
temperature increases, the slabs on either side of the strip
expand, and vice versa. After the first week of readings, it
appears that the displacement behavior is primarily governed
by temperature changes. At 19 days, the ambient temperature
approaches its initial value, so the displacement reading of
1.3 mm (0.05 in.) can be assumed to be primarily caused
by slab shrinkage.
The rate of change of displacement is largest at the start of
monitoring. This is the expected shrinkage behavior, and it
indicates that shrinkage occurred prior to installation of the
transducers. However, the observation that the maximum
displacement occurred only 8 days after placement is
inconsistent with the common assumption that about 40% of
the ultimate shrinkage strain occurs within 4 weeks following
a placement 2,5,9 It should be noted that Eskildsen et al.3 also
found that floor slab behavior within a large building differed
from predictions based on ACI 209.2R.
Level 3
The improved instrumentation setup used on Level 3
(Fig. 5(b)) captured closure strip behavior immediately
following the concrete placement; however, both displacement
transducers were compromised on day 6 (Fig. 7). As indicated
in Fig. 7, displacements appear to increase before they start to
decrease, indicating that the slab initially expanded. This was
probably the result of thermal expansion of the concrete and
reinforcement associated with heat of hydration, and the
observation is in agreement with a previous field study that
showed that concrete reached its peak temperature within the
first day following placement.11
32 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
Fig. 7: Closure strip displacement and temperature measurements for
After shrinkage commences on Level 3 (at approximately
0.5 days), the rate of shrinkage slowly decreases during the
monitored period. The displacement magnitudes are lower
than were experienced on Level 2 at similar times. This is
unexpected because vertical elements typically provide less
restraint and thus allow more movement on upper levels.2,4
The lower displacement magnitudes on Level 3 may be
explained by the fact that Zone 5b was placed 28 days
following Zone 5a placement on Level 3 (Fig. 3(a)), reducing
the amount of concrete undergoing early shrinkage during the
monitoring period on Level 3 compared to Level 2.
Also, the displacement readings do not appear to
correspond to temperature changes as clearly on Level 3 as
seen on Level 2. While the temperature readings on Level 2
indicate significant and clear diurnal temperature fluctuations
(typical changes of 7C [13F]), the temperature readings on
Level 3 do not exhibit clear diurnal behavior. However, when
there are large daily temperature changes on Level 3 (for
instance, at 2 days and just before 4 days) the displacement
readings do respond, though to a lesser extent than seen on
Level 2.
Difficulties of closure strip monitoring
Despite having protective covers, three of the four installed
transducers were damaged during the monitoring period
(refer to Fig. 6 and 7). Damage may have occurred because of
a high level of construction traffic near the open closure strips,
including installation of shoring (Fig. 8). Also, the protective
covers may have been temporarily removed, as indicated by
noisy ambient temperature readings between 9 and 11 days
after placement of Level 2 (Fig. 6)such readings would be
expected to occur if the wireless node was exposed to rapid
temperature fluctuations caused by intermittent sunlight and
shade. Finally, the instrumentation on Level 3 was exposed to
the elements before placement as well as construction activity
during concrete placement. These observations indicate that
future studies should include more robust instrumentation,
better protection systems, and better communication between
researchers and field personnel.

Fig. 8: Shoring for the next floor built directly above an open closure
strip (photo courtesy of A. Brault)
Monitoring Results Compared to Design
Approaches
In this section, the monitoring results are compared to
predictions from an experience-based design approach2 and
from a numerical model.4 Predictions from each approach
were converted into expected closure strip displacements.
The approach described by Suprenant2 is the only
experience-based method that is used for comparison, as it is
the only one that provides predictions of closure strip
displacements. Using this approach, closure strip
displacements were predicted at the monitored location on
Level 2. Inputs were slab lengths of 12 m (39.4 ft) and 50 m
(164 ft) on the left and right of the closure strip, respectively
(Fig. 3), and an assumed thermal coefficient of expansion for
RC of 10 106/C (5.5 106/F).12
The numerical model presented by Kim and Cho4 accounts
for restraint effects from building specific components.
General displacements were predicted using a commercial
finite element analysis (FEA) program, ETABS,13 which was
used in the design of the monitored building. To convert
predictions from the numerical model into displacements that
would occur within the strip at any given time, portions of the
building were removed from the FEA model to represent
earlier construction stages. All floors above the level of
interest were removed, and all portions of floor slab north of
the east-west closure strip were removed. Furthermore,
because the movement of the north-south closure strip was
measured, the remaining portion of slab on the level of
interest was divided along the north-south closure strip into
two portions (Fig. 9).
As per the method presented by Kim and Cho, temperature
Fig. 9: Locations at which model displacements were evaluated (and
field monitored) for southwest and southeast slab
Fig. 10: Comparison of closure strip measured displacements for
Level 2 with experience-based design and numerical model
predictions
changes (in conjunction with the measured ambient
temperatures) were input to provide equivalent strains
associated with shrinkage at specific times following the
placement of the slab.4 Displacement values from the FEA
model at the monitored location were then recorded. Because
the shrinkage for each placement commenced at a different
time, different equivalent temperatures were applied to
specific areas in the model to represent the overall movement
at the closure strip.
Level 2 comparison
In Fig. 10, the Level 2 closure strip displacements are
compared to predictions from both the experience-based
design guidelines2 and the numerical model4 at 2, 3, 6, 10, 14,
18, 22, 26, and 28 days following the concrete placement. The
predicted displacements from the experience-based approach
are up to 600% larger than the measured displacement values.
This overestimation makes sense, as the experience-based
design guidelines do not account for restraint provided by
building specific vertical elements. The numerical model
predictions correlate more accurately with the measured
closure strip displacements. However, there are still
significant differences between the two, especially toward
the end of the monitoring period when the measured
displacement magnitudes are consistently about 50% lower
than the models predictions.
www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 33
 When one considers the large errors that are expected with
creep and shrinkage models,9 and the effects that varying
temperature gradients throughout the structure would have on
strip behavior (it was not feasible to monitor this effect in this
study), the predictions are remarkably close. If shrinkage were
unrestrained, the movement within the closure strip at this
location is estimated to be 14.4 mm (0.57 in.) at day 29
(determined using the method described in ACI 209.2R-08
and considering the effects of temperature). The measured
displacement was only 2.3 mm (0.09 in.) at day 29,
however, suggesting that much of the shrinkage movement
was restrained. The numerical model indicates the
displacement is about 4 mm (0.16 in.) at day 29, indicating
that it captures the slab restraint caused by the buildings
vertical elements (Fig. 3(b)) quite well.
Level 3 comparison
In Fig. 11, Level 3 closure strip displacements are compared
to predictions from the numerical model at 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5,
4.5, and 5.5 days following the concrete placement. The
predictions begin 0.5 days following the placement, as this is
when the measured displacements suggest that shrinkage
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34 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
Fig. 11: Comparison of closure strip measured displacements for
Level 3 with numerical model predictions
commenced. The experience-based design approach was not
included because this approach does not provide specific
guidance on predicting displacements when slab placements
on each side of the closure strip are separated by several days
(Zone 5a and 5b in Fig. 3 on Level 3).
The numerical model predictions correlate well with the
measured displacements (the difference is less than 20% for
most of the monitored period)the correlation is better than
typically expected when considering the high variability of
concrete shrinkage and creep.9 However, the monitoring
period was much shorter for Level 3, making it tough to
conclude whether the discrepancies would have increased at
later times.
Conclusions
Current design approaches for closure strips are limited and
are mostly based upon industry experience, with little
consideration of building specific parameters. A numerical
design model described in Reference 4 does, however, provide
detailed guidelines for consideration of building specific features.
Results from a monitoring program during construction of
a large RC building in Ottawa (the Rideau Centre Expansion)
indicate that an available experience-based method2
overestimates closure strip movement significantly. However,
the results also show that the indicated numerical model
shows promise for predicting closure strip behavior. This
suggests that building specific elements should be considered
(and not just the length of the slab) when estimating RC slab
shortening, and ultimately when designing closure strips in
RC buildings.
The closure strips in the monitored building were designed
using an experience-based method. The strips on Level 2 and 3
were left open for approximately 28 days, and no visible or
significant shrinkage cracks were found on either level. While
this indicates that the closure strip designs on these levels
were successful, its possible that the same outcome would
have occurred if the strips had been filled sooner. Considering
that closure strips can have significant cost and scheduling
implications on a project, future work should aim to refine the
available design approaches for determining the need, 13. Computers & Structures, Inc., CSI Analysis Reference Manual,
spacing, and open time for closure strips. 2016, 534 pp.
Real time measurements of closure strip movement could
greatly help design engineers with making an informed decision Received and reviewed under Institute publication policies.
on when to fill the strip. The monitoring technique used in this
study can be used to collect real-time data regarding the
behavior of closure strips during the construction of a building
(as seen in Fig. 6 and 7). While this case study showed that Andre Brault is a PhD student at
the developed monitoring method is viable, we recommend Queens University, Kingston, ON,
improvements to the robustness of the setup for future use. Canada. His research interests include
the use of novel sensing technologies
Acknowledgments for both structural monitoring and the
optimization of new reinforced concrete
The authors would like to thank the Natural Sciences and Engineering
design.
Research Council, the Government of Ontario, and the Canada
Foundation for Innovation for their financial support of this research.
The authors would also like to thank N. Porter, P. Thrasher, and A. Hoag
from Queens University, Kingston, ON, Canada, as well as T. Blom,
ACI member Neil Hoult is an Associate
M. Marleau, B. Howchin, and B. Pearen from PCL Construction. Lastly,
Professor of civil engineering at Queens
the authors express thanks to Cadillac Fairview for granting permission
University. His research interests include
to perform research onsite. the development of novel technologies
for structural monitoring, the behavior
References of deteriorated infrastructure, and the
1. Industry Data, Bureau of Economic Analysis, Washington, DC, performance of reinforced concrete
www.bea.gov/iTable/iTable.cfm?ReqID=51&step=1#reqid=51&step=51 structures.
&isuri=1&5114=a&5102=1. (last accessed July 19, 2016)
2. Suprenant, B., Shrinkage and Temperature Reinforcement,
Concrete International, V. 24, No. 9, Sept. 2002, pp. 72-76. ACI member Tom Greenough is a
3. Eskildsen, S.; Jones, M.; and Richardson, J., No More Pour Senior Associate at Entuitive Corp.,
Strips, Concrete International, V. 31, No. 10, Oct. 2009, pp. 42-47. Toronto, ON, Canada. His research
4. Kim, H., and Cho, S., Shrinkage Stress Analysis of Concrete interests include the development of
Slabs with Shrinkage Strips in a Multistory Building, Computers & performance-based design approaches
Structures, V. 82, No. 15-16, June 2004, pp. 1143-1152. and the structural behavior of reinforced
5. Fintel, M., Handbook of Concrete Engineering, second edition, concrete members incorporating novel
Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1985, 892 pp. or high-performance materials.
6. Detailing Corner: Closure Strips and Lapped Reinforcement,
Concrete International, V. 33, No. 4, Apr. 2011, pp. 49-53.
Ian Trudeau is an Associate at
7. Expansion Joints in Buildings, Technical Report No. 65, Federal
Entuitive Corp., where he leads the
Construction Council, National Academy of Sciences National Research
technologist group and the research and
Council, Washington, DC, 1974, 52 pp.
development committee.
8. ACI Committee 318, Building Code Requirements for Structural
Concrete (ACI 318-14) and Commentary (ACI 318R-14), American
Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2014, 519 pp.
9. ACI Committee 209, Guide for Modeling and Calculating
Shrinkage and Creep in Hardened Concrete (ACI 209.2R-08), American
Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2008, 46 pp.
10. Ottawa, ON: Monthly Calendar, Weather Network, www. Barry Charnish is a founding Principal of
theweathernetwork.com/monthly/canada/ontario/ottawa?year=2014&mo Entuitive Corp. He has nearly 40 years
nth=10&dispt=calendar-container-monthly. (last accessed Nov. 30, 2014) of experience in consulting engineering
11. Faria, R.; Azenha, M.; and Figueiras, J., Modelling of Concrete and is recognized for his expertise in tall
at Early Ages: Application to an Externally Restrained Slab, Cement building design.
and Concrete Composites, V. 28, No 6, July 2006, pp. 572-585.
12. ACI Committee 209, Prediction of Creep, Shrinkage,
and Temperature Effects in Concrete Structures, (ACI 209R-92)
(Reapproved 2008), American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI,
1992, 47 pp.

www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 35

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Design of Reinforcement
for Pile Caps
Strut-and-tie models are illustrated for axial tension and bending loadings

by Tadeusz Granosik

D
eep foundations for pipe racks and open frame
structures used in the petrochemical industry are
often subjected to axial tension and bending. While
reinforcement design guidance is available for pile caps
subject to compressive or tensile loading,1, 2 many engineers
still use flexural design theory to determine the required pile
cap reinforcement for tensile loading, even when the clear span
to overall depth pile cap ratio is less than 2. This article will
help resolve this issue by providing some design examples.
Figure 1 shows a pile cap reinforcement scheme typically
found in structural drawings, with the top layer of bars
carrying the bending moment due to pile tension. A strut-and- Fig. 1: Typical pile cap reinforcement arrangement
tie model for a pile cap supported by two piles subjected to
compression is shown in Fig. 2. In this case, the compressive
load from the column is transmitted to the piles through
F
straight-line struts. At the bottom of the pile cap, the
horizontal components of the compressive struts are carried
by reinforcing bars acting as a tension tie. b
This article presents simplified strut-and-tie models for b/4 b/4
reinforcement of pile caps in the presence of tensile loads. For
the reinforcement design provided in this paper, a pile cap F/2 F/2
subjected to tension is loaded inversely to a pile cap subjected
to compression. This is demonstrated for pile caps supported
by two and four piles, which are the most common
d
h

configurations currently used.

T
Pile Caps Subjected to Axial Tension
ap

Supported by two piles

When the pile cap is subjected to tensile loading, the F/2 F/2
compressive struts are in equilibrium with the tensile tie
located at the top of the pile cap. For the pile cap supported
by two piles, it is assumed that the vertical column r
reinforcement is uniformly distributed along the column Fig. 2: Strut-and-tie model for a pile cap supported by two piles and
sides, perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pile cap. subjected to compression

www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 37

 r
F

F/2 F/2
T T
b
a a T1 b
T T
a a 1 T r 2 b 2+a 2
I I 2 2

ap
T1 T1 T
T
T T
T

h
T

d
F/2 r 2
F/2
F 2
b 2a 2
F/4 F/4 2
r
Fig. 3: Strut-and-tie model for a pile cap supported by two piles and
I vertical ties
subjected to tension

ap
T1 T1

h
d
Thus, the axial force F, as shown in Fig. 3, is distributed along
two vertical components. The tensile force T can be
determined geometrically as follows
F/4 F/4
(1) r 2

The required tension reinforcement area As is thus given by

Fig. 4: Strut-and-tie model for a pile cap supported by four piles and
subjected to tension
(2)

where fy is the specified yield strength of the reinforcement.

shown in Fig. 5. The force couple can be calculated using the
Supported by four piles following equation
For a pile cap supported by four piles, it can be assumed
that the vertical column reinforcement is concentrated at all (5)
four corners of the column. In this case, the axial force is
distributed along four vertical components, as shown in Fig. 4. Supported by two piles
For the geometrical relationships shown in Fig. 4, the diagonal In this case, the tensile force in a pile cap supported by two
tensile force, T1, is first calculated followed by the required piles can be determined by substituting FM in place of 0.5F in
tensile force, T. Eq. (1). This substitution gives

(3) (6)

(4) The reinforcement required to carry the tension tie force TM

can be calculated from Eq. (2).
With this tensile force known, the reinforcement to resist
the tension tie force, T, can be calculated from Eq. (2). Supported by four piles
To determine the tensile force when the pile cap is
Pile Caps Subjected to Bending Moment supported by four piles, one can substitute 0.5FM for 0.25F in
When the pile cap is subjected to a bending moment, the Eq. (3). This substitution gives
load can be resisted by a tension tie force couple, FM, which is
applied at the column reinforcement center of gravity, as (7)

38 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com

 M Summary
This article presents simplified reinforcement designs
based on the strut-and-tie model for pile caps supported by two
FM FM and four pile configurations when subjected to axial tension
and bending. Apart from a horizontal reinforcement calculated
for tension forces T and TM, the vertical ties shown in Fig. 3
b
through 5 are proposed. These ties create a clear load path to
a a transfer the tensile force from the pile cap to piles via dowels.

I vertical ties References

1. Mitchell, D.; Collins, M.P.; Shrinivas, B.B.; and Rabbat, B.G.,
AASHTO LRFD Strut-and-Tie Model, Design Examples, EB 231,

ap
Portland Cement Association, Skokie, IL, 2004, 58 pp.
2. Widianto, and Bayrak, O., Example 11: Deep Pile Cap with

h
d Tension Piles, Further Examples for the Design of Structural Concrete
with Strut-and-Tie Models, SP-273, K.-H. Reineck and L.C. Novak, eds.,
American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2010, pp. 11-1 to 11-23.

Selected for reader interest by the editors after independent expert

TM TM evaluation and recommendation.

r
Tadeusz Granosik is a retired Senior
Fig. 5: Strut-and-tie model for a pile cap supported by two piles and
Structural Engineer last employed by
subjected to a bending moment
WorleyParson, Calgary, AB, Canada. He
has been involved in the design of steel
The resulting reinforcement required to resist the tension tie and concrete structures, and foundations
for the pulp and paper, oil sands, and
force TM can now be calculated using Eq. (2). In the case of a
pharmaceutical industries. He received his
combined loading configuration that includes both tensile
MS from Lodz Technical University, d,
force and a bending moment, the required reinforcement is to Poland, and his PhD from Warsaw Technical
be calculated via superposition using the calculated values for University, Warsaw, Poland.
both T and TM.

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 How to Become

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Concrete Repair Code Requirements

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ACI 562-16 is the first code
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Repair, and Rehabilitation of
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project examples.

Looking for more on ACI 562-16? ACI has produced a series of on-demand courses that
review the process behind the ACI 562 repair code and showcase several project examples.

www.concrete.org/ACI562
Slag Cement Association
2016 Project of the
Year Awards

T
he Slag Cement Association services. The mixtures slag cement stadium, increasing the stadiums
(SCA) presented the Slag resulted in pavement with high capacity by 750,000 ft2 (70,000 m2).
Cement 2016 Project of the Year reflectivity, adding to the visibility at The total project entailed 58,000 yd3
Awards on March 28, 2017, during the the tarmac. (44,000 m3) of concrete, with over
meeting of ACI Committee 233, Ground Project Credits: St. Pete-Clearwater 13,000 yd3 (1000 m3) of mass concrete
Slag in Concrete, at The ACI Concrete International Airport, Owner; AVCON, foundation elements. For mass concrete
Convention and Exposition Spring Inc., Engineer; GLF Construction placements, a concrete mixture with
2017 in Detroit, MI. The awards Corporation, Contractor; and Argos 70% slag cement was used to control the
recognize projects for excellence and USA LLC, Concrete and Slag Cement. temperature rise and maintain the core
innovation in concrete using slag temperature below the specified
cement. Eight projects were honored in Green Design maximum of 158F (70C).
the categories of Architectural Design, University of Notre Dame Thermocouples installed in the
Durability, Green Design, High Campus Crossroads Project, foundation elements showed that none
Performance, Sustainability, and a new Notre Dame, IN of the placements exceeded 130F
category, Innovative Applications. The University of Notre Dame (54C), even though over 1000 yd3 (760
Nominations are now being accepted Campus Crossroads Project was the m3) was required. Although many mass
for the 2017 Slag Cement Project of the largest construction venture undertaken concrete placements were completed
Year Awards. Visit the SCA website for at the University since its opening in when ambient temperatures were below
the nomination form and more 1842. The $400 million, LEED Silver 10F (12C), the maximum differential
information: www.slagcement.org project consisted of attaching three new between the core and extremity of each
buildings onto the existing football member was kept below the specified
Sustainability
St. Pete-Clearwater International
Airport, Clearwater, FL
The airport expansion called for the
rehabilitation of 16,000 yd3 (12,000 m3)
of apron pavement. The project included
removal of asphalt and portland cement
concrete pavement sections near airport
Gates 1-11 and associated baggage
areas. The project was completed in five
phases spanning 9 months during the
airports peak seasonall while airport
activities continued.
The new pavement comprised a
heavy-duty, 650 psi (4.5 MPa) flexural
strength concrete mixture that included
slag cement. The mixtures superior
strength gain allowed the project to be
executed without interrupting airport St. Pete-Clearwater International Airport

www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 41

University of Notre Dame Campus
Crossroads Project
maximum differential of 35F (2C).
The mass concrete mixtures also
typically reached 28-day design strengths
in 7 days.
Project Credits: University of Notre
Dame, Owner; S/L/A/M Collaborative,
Architect; Structural Design, Inc.,
Engineer; Barton Malow Company,
Contractor; Ozinga Ready Mix Concrete,
Inc., Indiana Division, Concrete; and
LafargeHolcim, Slag Cement.
Durability
Revive 275: I-275 Improvements
through Oakland and Wayne
Counties, MI
The Michigan Department of
Transportation (MDOT) spent $75 million
to replace 88 lane miles (142 km) of
pavement on I-275 through Wayne and
Oakland Counties, MI. This stretch of
freeway is the busiest in Michigan. It
was reconstructed and paved 15 years
ago, but that pavement did not include
slag cementit failed due to alkali-silica
reaction (ASR) and a poor air void
system. MDOT specified 30% slag
cement replacement because the mixture
would have improved ASR-mitigating
properties and provide a more robust
environment for the development of air
entrainment. Toebe Construction used
LafargeHolcim MaxCem, a Type IS (30),
ASTM C595/C595M blended cement to
meet the logistics of this fast-tracked
project (MDOT instituted a $150,000/day
penalty if the freeway was not open
September 1, 2016). Toebe likes slag
cement for its rheological properties,
appreciates its added creaminess, and its
ability to hold a slipformed edge.
The projects blended cement was
produced at the LafargeHolcim terminal
42 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
I-275 reconstruction
in Detroit, MI. The terminal stores
individual cements and cementitious
products, blends them on demand, and
discharges them into the customers
waiting truck.
Project Credits: MDOT, Owner and
Engineer; Toebe Construction, LLC,
Contractor and Concrete; and
LafargeHolcim, Slag Cement.
High Performance
Ten Hudson Yards, New York
City, NY
Ten Hudson Yards is one of the first
concrete office buildings in New York
City, NY. This 50-story, 895 ft (273 m)
tall project consists of 107,000 yd3
(82,000 m3) of concrete. This building is
the first structure of a 17,000,000 ft2
(160,0000 m2) complex on the west side
of Manhattan. The complex is being
built over an existing railroad yard,
which must remain open during
construction. Ten Hudson Yards also
had to straddle the Highline, a well-used
park converted from an old elevated
train track that now passes through the
lobby of the structure.
The design required high-strength
concrete of 14,000 psi (97 MPa) in the
foundation and lower shear walls. Slag
cement was used to achieve the required
strength (mixtures attained over 16,000 psi
[110 MPa]) while also minimizing heat
gain in mass concrete placements. This
project is one of the few post-tensioned
buildings in New York City. The
structural system comprised high-
strength concrete shear walls and
post-tensioned beams supporting a
filigree (precast concrete topped with
cast-in-place concrete) slab system.
The 14,000 psi mixture design consisted
Ten Hudson Yards
of 350 lb/yd3 (208 kg/m3) of cement,
700 lb/yd3 (415 kg/m3) of slag cement,
and 50 lb/yd3 (30 kg/m3) of silica fume.
To minimize story heights and
materials used for the project, the concrete
floor structures are exposed concrete,
allowing the elimination of hung
ceilings. Slag cement contributed to the
concretes consistency and exceptional
finish, and so was a major reason for the
success of this design approach.
Project Credits: Related Companies
and Oxford Properties Group, Owner;
Kohn Pederson Fox Associates,
Architect; Thornton Tomasetti,
Engineer; Tutor Perini, Contractor;
Empire Transit, Concrete; and
LafargeHolcim, Slag Cement.
Architectural Design
Oceanfront Residence,
Southhampton, NY
About 1300 yd3 (994 m3) of concrete
were used to create this residences
tennis pavilion, underground tunnel to
the pavilion, benches, planters, and
stairs, as well as the supporting
structure. The concrete walls, floors, and
ceilings exhibit a wood appearance
created using white pine forms. The
cementitious material in the concrete
comprised 40% slag cement. Slag
cement was used for sulfate resistance,
and concrete was used to provide
resistance to hurricanes. Several
Oceanfront residence
mockups were made to ensure that the
project had minimal bug holes. This
home sits between the Shinecock Bay
and Atlantic Ocean. By using post-
tensioned, high-strength concrete, the
architect could design the house with
long floor spans, maximizing the views
for the owner.
Project Credits: Reg Hough
Associates, Concrete Consultant; Two
Trees Management, Construction
Manager; Gilsanz, Murray, Stefiek, LLP,
Engineer; Ruttura and Sons Construction,
Concrete; Sears Ready Mix, Ready
Mixed Supplier; All Island Testing
Associates, Concrete Mixture Designer;
and LafargeHolcim, Slag Cement.
Architectural Design
The Rowan, San Francisco, CA
Designed by Handel Architects, the
Rowan uses exposed structural cast-in-
place concrete as a key architectural
design element. Located in the old
industrial wing of San Francisco, CA,
the Rowan consists of 71,500 ft2
(6600 m2) of mixed-living and
residential space.
Slag cement comprised 34% of the
total cementitious material used in all
concrete elements of the 5200 yd3
(4000 m3) structure. The footing,
column, and wall mixtures consisted of
ternary mixtures, with 50% replacement
of cement with fly ash and slag cement,
to optimize workability and durability.
The post-tensioned decks and tower
crane pad mixtures were a blend of slag
cement and Type III cement designed to
The Rowan
reach strengths of 4000 psi (27.6 MPa)
in 2 days.
The architect wanted the faade to
express the buildings structural elements.
Other than a few interior columns, all
the structure is a exoskeleton located
at the building perimeter, maximizing
tenant and rental space and creating a
visually stunning design.
Project Credits: Trumark Urban,
Owner; Handel Architects, Architect;
Nishkian Menninger, Engineer; Build
Group, Contractor; Central Concrete
Supply Company, Inc., Concrete; and
Lehigh Hanson, Slag Cement.
High Performance
SLS LUX, Miami, FL
This 57-story tower was designed by
SLS LUX residential tower
international architecture firm
Arquitectonica and features the first LED
faade by lighting artist Ana Martinez. The SCA represents companies
The 450 luxury condominiums are that produce and ship over 90% of
accessed via private elevators. The top the slag cement (ground-granulated
three floors include 12 penthouse blast furnace slag) in the United
residences with 12 ft (7 m) ceilings, States. Through a program of
custom gourmet kitchens, and promotion, education, and
panoramic views of Biscayne Bay and technology development, SCA
the Atlantic Ocean. communicates the performance
Slag cement comprised 40 or 50% of and sustainable benefits of this
the cementitious material in most of the cementitious material to stakeholders
buildings concrete (90%). The throughout the construction industry.
buildings high-performance columns, The association functions through
those with design strengths between the support and participation of
7000 and 12,000 psi (48 and 83 MPa) member companies and for the
were constructed using mixtures with benefit of the community at large.
50% slag cement dosage. Slag cement More information is available at
was instrumental for achieving 12,000 psi www.slagcement.org.
using the locally available materials.
www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 43
 Project Credits: Allen Morris
Company, Owner; Arquitectonica,
Architect; Consulting Engineering &
Science Inc., Engineer; Moss and
Associates, Contractor; Supermix,
Concrete; and Lehigh Cement
Company, Slag Cement.

Innovative Applications
ODOT Rt. 6 Bridge Slide, near
Bowling Green, OH
For the first time in its history, the
Ohio Department of Transportation
(ODOT) recently removed and replaced
an interstate bridge over the course of a
weekendminimizing traffic disruption
by sliding two replacement bridges into
place. About 4200 yd3 (3200 m3) of
ODOT QC2 performance-based
concrete was used for the two bridges.
The QC2 concrete had a design
strength of 5000 psi (34 MPa) at 7 days
and 6800 psi (47 MPa) at 28 days,
and it required RCP values below
ODOT Rt. 6 bridge slide
1100 coulombs. Slag cement was used
as a 25% replacement of the portland
cement for concrete in the wing walls,
superstructure, bridge deck, and barrier
walls. The concrete was transported to
the jobsite without slump loss or early
stiffening in the mixer truck.
The first bridge (for the southbound
lanes) was removed and replaced on the
weekend of October 16, 2015. The new
bridge was placed into service on
October 18, 2015. The process was
repeated on the northbound lanes bridge
on the weekend of December 12, 2015.
Project Credits: ODOT District 2,
Owner; Arcadis Design and
Consultancy, Engineer; Kokosing
Construction, Contractor; Palmer Bros.,
Concrete; and Votorantim Cimentos/St
Marys Cement, Slag Cement.

ACI CHAPTER
FALL ROUNDTABLE
NETWORKING | RESOURCES | GROWTH
Saturday, October 14, 2017
The ACI Concrete Convention and Exposition
chapter Disneyland Hotel, Anaheim, California, USA

roundtable Email: Tosha.Holden@Concrete.org

44 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com

2016 PCI Design Awards
Part 2: Transportation Design Award Winners

T
he winners of the 54th Annual Precast/Prestressed Concrete Specialty Engineer; Jurutera Perunding Concrete
Concrete Institute (PCI) Design Awards represent Technology, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia, Engineer of Record; and
design excellence and construction quality using ZA (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia, Contractor.
precast concrete. These projects demonstrate how designers are
using high-performance precast/prestressed concrete to achieve Best Main Span from 76 to 149 ft (23 to 45 m)
sustainable, cost-effective, and aesthetically pleasing results. Bridge and Honorable Mention All-Precast
The 2018 PCI Design Awards submission site is open. Visit Concrete Solution
www.pci.org/About_PCI/Awards/PCI_Design_Awards for SH-55 over North Fork Payette River, Cascade, ID
more information. The winning projects for 2016 in After determining that a steel girder bridge on SH-55 could
transportation design included: no longer support heavy truck loads, the Idaho Transportation
Department (ITD) chose to use accelerated bridge
Transportation Design Award Winners construction methods to build its replacement. To minimize
Best International Transportation Structure public inconvenience along the vital commercial and tourist
Construction of 100 m Single-Span Batu 6 UHPC route through Cascade, ID, the project specification required
Bridge, Perak, Malaysia traffic to be open throughout construction and for the project
Cities across Malaysia need durable, low-maintenance to be completed during a single construction season.
bridge structures to improve the countrys transport This dictated a permanent shift of the roadway alignment,
infrastructure and link isolated communities to the broader which called for construction of precast concrete mechanically
regional network. Many cities in the greatest need are in stabilized earth (MSE) retaining walls at each end of the new
remote areas where sourcing materials, site access, and access bridge. MSE walls were also used at each abutment. Bridge
to talent are major constraints. The Ministry of Rural removal and replacement was then conducted in two stages. A
Development of Malaysia has been exploring the use of temporary work structure was constructed on one side of the
ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) for these projects. bridge during Stage 1, then parts of the existing bridge were
Precast producer Dura Technology designed and constructed a
single-span, 328 ft (100 m) long, concrete box-girder bridge
over the Perak River, providing the city of Gerik road access
across the river for the first time ever.
The lightweight UHPC box segments allowed the
construction team to overcome many of the challenges
associated with building a bridge in a remote area where
logistics and access to construction equipment are limited.
The structure was assembled without the use of pontoons or
barges, falsework and temporary supports were much less
substantial than on a traditional project, and temporary
post-tensioning was not required. Using a falsework-
supported rail system to align the UHPC segments with the
accuracy needed for threading of the post-tensioning tendons,
the bridges 40 segments were assembled in just 18 days
including 2 rest days.
Project credits: Public Works Department State of Perak,
Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia, Owner; Dura Technology Sdn Bhd, Construction of 100 m Single-Span Batu 6 UHPC Bridge (photo courtesy
Chemor, Perak, Malaysia, Precast Producer and Precast of Dura Technology Sdn. Bhd. & Malaysian Public Works Department)

www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 45

used as a work platform during Stage 2. Pier construction in
the 20 ft (6 m) deep river required predrilling through large
boulders and driving 30 in. (760 mm) diameter steel shell
piles. The piles were cut off just above the waterline and filled
with concrete. Then precast concrete pier segments were
positioned on the piles to completely hide them from view
above the water.
Project components include 16 deck bulb-tee girders, four
abutment pile caps, and four pier wall segments. Other than
the girders, the weight of each precast concrete element was
limited to 30 tons (27 tonnes) to ease shipping and handling.
The completed bridge deck was covered in a spray-on
dampproofing membrane and asphalt to protect against
deicing chemicals, water, and wear-and-tear. Exposed precast
concrete faces were texturized and stained to imitate the
natural surrounding rocks.
Project credits: ITD, Boise, ID, Owner and Engineer of
Record; Forterra Structural Precast, Caldwell, ID, Precast
Producer and Precast Concrete Specialty Engineer; and RSCI,
Boise, ID, Contractor.
Best Main Span More Than 150 ft (46 m) Bridge
US 17-92 over SR 436 Flyover, Seminole County, FL
The new flyover bridge at US 17-92 and SR 436 is in a
dense and congested urban setting near Orlando, FL. It
handles 100,000 travelers every day, so the new construction
SH-55 over North Fork Payette River (photo courtesy of ITD Staff)
US 17-92 over SR 436 Flyover (photo courtesy of Chris Parmaran
Horizon View Media LLC)
46 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
needed to be minimally disruptive. The bridge elevates four
lanes of US 17-92 using 96 in. (2438 mm) deep precast
Florida I-beams. The structure was configured in three simply
supported spans, with a main span of 209 ft (64 m) and two
approach spans of 124 ft (38 m). The beams were designed
with high-strength concrete (10,000 psi [69 MPa]), which
allowed the elimination of a beam line, reducing total beam
costs as well as the dead load carried by the substructure. The
engineering team had to get special approval from the Florida
Department of Transportation (FDOT) for the concrete.
Along with addressing a short schedule and a constant
stream of traffic, the engineering team had to figure out how
to cast, deliver, and erect the beams within the tight timeline.
The beams were delivered at night, two at a time, with Florida
Highway Patrol officers accompanying each truck to ensure
safe and smooth operations. Although deliveries required
closing the intersection, it was closed to traffic for only 7 nights.
Project credits: FDOT District Five, DeLand, FL, Owner;
Dura-Stress Inc., Leesburg, FL, Precast Producer; DRMP Inc.,
Orlando, FL, Engineer of Record; and Lane Construction
Corporation, Maitland, FL, Contractor.
Best Non-Highway Bridge
Haymarket Pedestrian Bridge, Lincoln, NE
The West Haymarket Pedestrian Bridge, a 614 ft (187 m)
long precast structure, links a downtown sports facility and
entertainment district to nearby parking. The bridge floats
high above four lanes of highway and six active railroad
tracks, and it features the citys name spelled out in lighted
architectural elements that can be read from the road, the
walkway, and from above.
Because the bridge was constructed above active railroad
tracks, construction activities had to be limited to only 3-hour
intervals to avoid disrupting rail traffic. Also, shoring was
limited to one temporary tower to avoid infringing on train
traffic while maintaining a reasonable maximum precast
concrete segment length of 140 ft (43 m).
The bridge is on a very sharp vertical curve, which created
a challenge in achieving the target profile with straight
prestressed concrete girders. The vertical profile was adjusted
so that the peak elevation in the girders was coincident with a
splice over a temporary pier. This allowed the designers to
kink the closure placements and minimize the railroad
closure period during construction. To further speed
construction and reduce impact on local traffic, the
engineers cast all the joints and closure placements
and diaphragms prior to post-tensioning.
Project credits: City of Lincoln & West
Haymarket Joint Public Agency, Lincoln, NE,
Owner; Coreslab Structures (OMAHA) Inc.,
Bellevue, NE, Precast Producer and Precast
Concrete Specialty Engineer; e.Construct USA.LLC
and Olsson Associates, Omaha, NE, Engineer of
Record; and Hawkins Construction Company,
Omaha, NE, Contractor.
Best Rehabilitated Bridge
Repair to Skilton Road Bridge, Watertown, CT
The original Skilton Road Bridge was constructed in 1865.
The stacked stones and classic arch are typical of classic stone
structures that are found in the regions small towns. By 2011,
this structure was in desperate need of repairs, as the stone
masonry at the west abutment was beginning to fail.
Jointly funded with the town of Watertown, the
Connecticut Department of Transportation (CDOT) launched
a rehabilitation project. The new design had to bring the
bridge up to code and extend its life, without sacrificing the
historical character of the original structure. The bridge also
had to be expanded from one lane to two to secure CDOT
Local Bridge Program funding, and it had to include a new
sidewalk to increase pedestrian safety.
A new superstructure was created, consisting of precast,
prestressed slabs bearing directly on the existing arch bridge.
To minimize the project duration and disruption, the precast
slabs were cast as the existing deck was removed and new
beam seats were being completed. The precast slabs were
prestressed to resist the construction loads and to carry the
in-place design loads. To create the required widening, the
slabs were installed transversely to the roadway, extending
approximately 5 ft (1.5 m) beyond the existing stone masonry
walls. Installation of the slabs took just 1 day.
Haymarket Pedestrian Bridge (photo courtesy of Dimensional Innovations)
Skilton Road Bridge (photo courtesy of Oldcastle Precast)
To ensure durability and decrease maintenance, a
dampproof membrane was placed over the precast concrete
beams and new storm drains were installed.
Project credits: Town of Watertown, Watertown, CT,
Owner; Oldcastle Precast, Rehoboth, MA, Precast Producer;
Eriksson Technologies, Tampa, FL, Precast Concrete
Specialty Engineer; Tata & Howard Inc., Marlborough, MA,
Project Engineer of Record; VB Technologies Corp., Rocky
Hill, CT, Structural Engineer of Record; and Black & Warner
Construction Company, Unionville, CT, Contractor.
Best Transportation Special Solution
Boeing North Bridge, Renton, WA
Located at Boeings 737 factory in Renton, WA, this
three-span, 245 ft (75 m) long, prefabricated concrete bridge
was designed to carry aircraft as they are towed from the
factory to an airfield for final inspections. The sites
environmental constraints included proximity to an active
factory and airport, wet winter weather, noise restrictions, and
fish windows that reduced the teams access to the
waterway during spawning season.
An accelerated bridge construction approach was selected
to meet the tight schedule and add the necessary float to
accommodate spawning season. In addition to seismic-
resisting precast concrete crossbeam-and-column supports, the
project included full-depth precast, prestressed concrete deck
panels. The precast columns were cast into cast-in-place
drilled shafts. Deck panel joints were closed with ultra-high-
performance concrete (UHPC), and the panels incorporated
hidden pockets that were filled with UHPC to form composite
action with the girders.
The bridge designers used a displacement-based approach,
in accordance with the American Association of State
Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Guide
Specifications for LRFD Seismic Bridge Design. The design
features a Type 1 earthquake-resisting system.
Project credits: Boeing Company, Seattle, WA, Owner;
Concrete Technology Corporation, Tacoma, WA, Precast
Producer; BergerABAM, Federal Way, WA, Engineer of
Record; and Atkinson Construction, Renton, WA, Contractor.
Boeing North Bridge (photo courtesy of Concrete Technology Corporation)
www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 47
Industry
Focus
Olson Instruments Training Seminar for NDE
Olson Instruments has announced a training seminar for
users of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) and geophysical
methods. The seminar is scheduled for October 3-5, 2017, at
Olsons offices in Wheat Ridge, CO, and it will include
method presentations, questions/discussion sessions, and
hands-on demonstrations. Continuing education hours will
be awarded to participants. For more information, visit
www.olsoninstruments.com/NDE%20Users%20
Seminar%20SYLLABUS%202017.pdf.
The Concrete Protector Unveils New Concrete
Polishing System
The Concrete Protectors Scientific Concrete Polishing
System allows crews to produce consistent, predictable results
for owners seeking a sustainable flooring option that minimizes
maintenance costs. The Concrete Protector offers free training
on the Scientific Polishing system. For more information, visit
http://theconcreteprotector.com/scientific-polishing/.
LATICRETE Adds New Members to Board of
Directors
LATICRETE appointed Stephan Liozu and Volker
Weidmann to its Board of Directors. Liozu has more than
23 years of experience with several multinational building
product companies. He has published six books, four e-books,
and a combination of 40 academic and practitioner papers;
and he has presented at over 45 conferences. He received his
MBA from Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, and a
doctoral degree in management from Case Western Reserve
University, Cleveland, OH.
Weidmann has 28 years of experience, including serving as
Managing Director of Hermann Otto GmbH in Fridolfing,
Germany, for the last 20 years. He has been elected Chair of
the German Industry Association of Sealant Manufacturers.
Weidmann received his masters degree in organic chemistry
and a doctoral degree in technical sciences from the Technical
University in Graz, Austria.
Liozu and Weidmann replace Directors Ron Shaw
and Bernard Gustin; each is retiring after 25 years of
board service.
CIF Inaugural Awards
The Concrete Industry Foundation, Inc. (CIF), recently
awarded ten $2000 scholarships to students attending
metropolitan New York area institutions of higher learning.
Outstanding concrete construction industry leaders were also
honored. Since 1993, CIF has awarded 146 scholarships and
14 grants for a total of $320,000 in scholarships and grants.
CIFs first Lifetime Achievement Award was awarded to the
48 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
late John (Jack) Brunetti, an integral part of the New York
City concrete construction industry for 75 years. Brunetti was
Chairman and Director of the Cement League of New York.
CIF presented its Humanitarian Fellow Award to Joseph
Mizzi, President and Chief Executive Officer of Sciame
Construction Company, New York City, NY, and its James
Anderson Distinguished Service Award to D. Thomas
(Tommy) Ruttura, President of Ruttura & Sons Construction
Company, Babylon, NY. CIF also honored the memory of the
late Jim Halpin, who passed away last year at age 95. He was
CIF Chair, CIF President, and a past recipient of the CIF
Humanitarian Fellow Medal.
BASF Partners with Concrete Preservation
Institute to Preserve Alcatraz Island
The Concrete Preservation Institute (CPI), in partnership
with the National Park Service, conducted a 12-week field
school on Alcatraz Island, San Francisco, CA, in which seven
CPI participants used BASFs Master Builders Solutions
materials to restore a portion of the islands iconic structures.
BASF is the founding sponsor of the CPI program, providing
materials and financial support. BASF technical and business
experts regularly offer expertise and serve as guest trainers.
Under the guidance of CPI management, instructors, and
industry professionals, the field school participants planned
and implemented the restoration of the staircase beneath the
main cell house building. CPIs Field School at Alcatraz,
which is comprised of college students and military veterans,
develops future leaders and skilled workers for the
construction industry. CPI initially began as a summer field
school in 2010, and has since grown to a year-long program
that hosts three 12-week sessions.
Morleys Office Projects Featured in the
Los Angeles Business Journal
Two of Morley Builders Santa Monica, CA, commercial
projects were featured in the Los Angeles Business Journal.
The Water Garden Transformation was a collaboration with
developer Trammell Crow, CBRE, and HLW International
architects. Morley provided significant interior upgrades,
delivering a welcome repositioning to this 17-acre campus in
the heart of Silicon Beach. Exterior highlights include gardens
with drought-resistant landscaping, water features, and a
meandering river walk.
Morley is working with Clarion Partners, Lincoln Property
Company, and Skidmore, Owings & Merrill on the Pen
Factory, a multi-tenant workplace. This adaptive reuse project
will provide more than 200,000 ft2 (18,600 m2) of office space
and subterranean parking for up to 677 vehicles (with the
lower level using double car stackers) and 270 bicycles.
Products &
Practice
Milwaukee Tool 8-Gallon Dust Extractor
Milwaukee Tools 8 gal. (30 L) Dust Extractor features an automatic filter
cleaning mechanism to allow sustained airflow at 148 ft3/min (4.2 m3/min).
The Extractors dual filtration system (complete with HEPA filter) captures
99.97% of particles greater than 0.3 microns. For SDS Max hammers, a dust
extraction attachment is available for drilling holes up to 2-3/4 in. (70 mm) in
diameter. A chisel boot and grinder shrouds are also available to help
maximize dust collection.
Milwaukee Tool, www.milwaukeetool.com

Graco EcoQuip 2 EQp

Gracos EcoQuip 2 EQp, part of the EcoQuip 2 family of Vapor Abrasive blast equipment, features a portable cart
with lift handles that allows users to transport the device. The EQp works with coarse, fine, or nondestructive blast media.
It is designed for applications such as steel and concrete surface preparation; graffiti removal; paint and stain removal from
wood or brick; and iron fence and railing preparation. The equipment provides long blast times of 30 to 60 minutes
between refills, along with low water usage. The EQp provides blast pressures up to 150 psi (1 MPa).
Graco Inc., www.graco.com

Stronghold Coatings MM1018

Stronghold Coatings MM1018 is a polymeric metal material that provides 100% force
fit gap compensation for the repair of concrete and steel bridges, power plants and utility
construction projects, offshore drilling rigs, wind turbines, and other demanding, high-load,
critical environments. This high-performance repair product provides 100% volume
restoration inside gaps between bearing surfaces. It combines high compressive and shear
strength, excellent vibration damping, and long-term corrosion protection in extreme
service conditions (vibration and temperature extremes); and is resistant to weathering,
gasoline, oils, coolants, acids, and lye. It is easily applied on site, even at height, using
casting or injection.
Stronghold Coating Systems, www.strongholdone.com

GCP Clarena Brand for Aggregate Management

GCPs Clarena portfolio helps mitigate the negative effects of poor quality
aggregates on concrete performance. Clarena mid-range and high-range water-reducing
admixtures ensure better workability and finishability by creating a smooth flowing
concrete with improved placement properties. They can be used within a wide range of
concrete slumps.
GCP Applied Technologies, Inc., www.gcpat.com

www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 49

Products & Practice

Minnich Manufacturing 50 and 35 cc

Backpack Vibrators
Minnich Manufacturings new Minnich 50 cc backpack model and
the updated 35 cc unit are designed to maximize operator comfort,
mobility, and productivity during concrete consolidation. Features of
the lightweight units include: an adjustable harness that reduces strain
and fatigue; a throttle assembly with combined quick disconnect that
allows the core/casing to be quickly changed; a throttle assembly that is
part of the core casing, enabling operators to use both hands to lower
and lift the vibrator into and out of the concrete; and a throttle lock that
lets operators move their hands up and down the core/casing while
lifting and lowering. All core/casings and vibrator heads are
interchangeable among all Minnich electric- and gas-powered motors.
Minnich Manufacturing, www.minnich-mfg.com

Nilfisk Floor-to-Ceiling Silica Dust Control Solution

Nilfisks integrated silica dust control solution can help companies address controls and practices related to dust
containment systems, wet methods, and equipment with high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters. Nilfisks offering of
industrial cleaning equipment includes advance brand scrubbers, sweepers, and combination scrubber/sweepers that allow
for wet-method cleaning and that offer optional DustGuard or DustClear dust-control technologies. The companys
HEPA-filtered vacuums can be connected to power tools such as sanders and grinders to capture dust particles as small as
0.3 microns and help meet OSHA silica dust requirements.
Nilfisk, www.nilfisk.com

Westcoat MACoat
MACoat is a fiberlath reinforced deck system, engineered for use
on elevated concrete walking decks. This concrete dampproofing
system can be used for areas with heavy foot traffic, commercial decks,
and walkways. MACoat is breathable and allows vapor to pass.
Westcoat, www.westcoat.com

Gear Keeper TL1-5001 Standard Hard Hat Lanyard

Gear Keepers TL1-5001 Standard Hard Hat Lanyard has a 20 in. (508 mm) loop-
mounted retention strap employing a spring clip that is designed to attach to fall-protection
harness systems or clothing such as coveralls or a vest. The easy-to-attach lanyard is
weight-tested to safely retain commonly used industrial hard hats.
Hammerhead Industries, www.gearkeeper.com

50 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com

 Products & Practice

Web Notes

W. R. MEADOWS Product Submittal Builder

W. R. MEADOWS builder allows users to build their own submittals,
including data sheets and guide specifications. Multiple individual files
can be combined in a single PDF document file for easy transmittal to
clients as an e-mail attachment.
W. R. MEADOWS, www.wrmeadows.com

Book Notes

History of Tunneling in the United States

The Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Inc. (SME) announced the
availability of History of Tunneling in the United States. This publication examines
200 years of solving some of the nations most pressing and dangerous tunneling
problems. History of Tunneling in the United States is illustrated with historical
photographs and drawings. Contents include: A Timeline of Tunnel Milestones; The
Building of a Nation; Societal Benefits; Railroad Tunnels; Transit Tunnels; Highway
Tunnels; Water Tunnels; Innovations in Tunneling; and The Future of Tunneling.
SME Bookstore, www.smenet.org/store
Price: $259; 564 pp.; ISBN: 978-0-87335-430-1

Products&Service
Literature&Videos
Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute Updated Reinforcing Bar Supports Standard
The Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute (CRSI) has released an updated version of its standard, Supports for Reinforcement
Used in Concrete (ANSI/CRSI RB4.1 2016). The previous edition of this mandatory-language document is referenced in
ACI 301-16, Specifications for Structural Concrete. Performance requirements have been added to the new edition, with
reinforcement support evaluated based on meeting minimum requirements of load tests, impact tests, water absorption criteria,
and concrete consolidation tests.
CRSI, www.crsi.org

Study shows BIM Gaining Ground in Transportation Infrastructure

The use of building information modeling (BIM) is increasing in the horizontal construction market, according to a report
from Dodge Data & Analytics. The Business Value of BIM for Infrastructure 2017 SmartMarket Reportproduced in
partnership with Autodesk, and with support from Deloitteanalyzes how engineers, contractors, and owners are using BIM
for transportation infrastructure projects in France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Commitment to BIM
is greater among firms who use it, with 52% now reporting they deploy it on over half their projects, versus only 20% of them
implementing it at that high level just 2 years ago.
Dodge Data & Analytics, www.construction.com

www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 51

Product
Showcase
Grinding & Cutting Equipment
Bosch HMD200 Daredevil Hole Saw
The Bosch HMD200 Daredevil Hole Saw features
optimized premium carbide teeth, a 2-3/8 in. (60 mm) cup,
and an extra-large gullet design, allowing it to cut through
materials faster. The saw is designed to provide drilling
accuracy and easy plug removal. A multipurpose arbor
makes for fewer pilot bit changes and a quicker job because
it fits various brands and sizes of cups.
Robert Bosch Tool Corporation, www.boschtools.com
Makita XRJ05Z 18V LXT LithiumIon
Brushless Cordless Recipro Saw
Makitas XRJ05Z 18V LXT Lithium-Ion Brushless
Recipro Saw features an electronically controlled BL
Brushless motor that matches torque and RPM to the
application. Its powered by fast-charging 18V lithium-ion
batteries. The saws 1-1/4 in. (32 mm) stroke length
enhances cutting efficiency, and the refined crank
mechanism design minimizes blade deflection and reduces
vibration. The saw includes an LED light to illuminate the
line of cut, a retractable tool hook, and tool-less blade
installation and removal.
Makita, www.makitatools.com
52 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
RotoZip RotoSaw+
RotoZips Spiral+ tool, RotoSaw+, can be used as
a cutout tool, a cutoff grinder, a flush-cut saw, and a
hole saw. Its dust-management system hooks up to any
shop vacuum. The saws 6A motor powers through
dense, difficult materials, while its variable speed
enables users to quickly slow the tool down from 30,000
to 15,000 rpm. Its soft-grip housing and an upfront
on/off switch provide additional support while helping
reduce user fatigue. The saw can be paired with RotoZip
Connect attachments.
RotoZip, www.rotozip.com
Atlas Copco LH Handheld Hydraulic
Breakers
Atlas Copcos LH series of handheld hydraulic
breakers, the LH 220, LH 270, and the LH 390, are
ideal for breaking down tough materials that demand
a high power-to-weight ratio. The breakers small
bodies and lengths of about 30 in. (762 mm) allow
them to be easily maneuvered and transported in the
back of a vehicle. The LH series have oil flows
ranging from 5 to 8 gal./min (19 to 30 L/min) and
working pressures from 1523 to 1813 psi (11 to
13 MPa). Atlas Copco also offers LH breakers with
optional ergonomic vibration-reduction handles,
which reduce vibration intensity.
Atlas Copco, www.atlascopco.us
 Product Showcase

Blastrac BGS-250-115-V2 Surface Grinder

The Blastrac BGS-250-115-V2 surface grinder is designed for small and medium
sized jobs. The grinder uses 10 in. (254 mm) diamond disks. Its diamond wing adapter
plate allows the use of PCD and metal bond wings for light grind-and-seal to demanding
removal jobs. The polishing kit accepts a full range of polishing resins from 100 to
3000 grit, and the fine height adjustment feature accommodates various tooling
options. The BGS-250-V2s compact size and weight makes it easily maneuverable.
the motor functions on readily available 115V, 15A power. When used with the
BDC-1216 dust collector, the BGS-250-115-V2 provides a nearly dust-free operation.
Blastrac, www.blastrac.com

Husqvarna DC 200 Drum Cutter

Husqvarnas DC 200 drum cutter, an attachment for the DXR demolition robot
product line, is made for surface profiling rock or concrete, trenching, and
excavating frozen soil or soft rock. The 56 tungsten carbide-tipped picks on each
side of the machine rotate and chip away at the surface material to the desired
depth or to achieve complete removal. The DC 200 is suitable for use on
restricted jobsites and sensitive urban areas due to the low noise and low
vibration levels.
Husqvarna, www.husqvarnacp.com

Aqua Cutter 410V

Aquajet Systems AB Aqua Cutter 410V can be used
for a wide variety of concrete removal tasks. The 2756 lb
(1250 kg) Aqua Cutter 410V uses 15,000 to 40,000 psi
(103 to 276 MPa) water jets to remove concrete at rates
up to 9 ft3/h (0.25 m3/h). Users can adjust the robots
stroke to control the depth of cuts, and they can vary the
water pressure depending on whether they are removing
loose, deteriorated concrete from sound concrete below
or sound concrete to a predetermined depth. While
concrete is removed, reinforcing bars are descaled. Users
can control the 410V using a radio remote control that
communicates with the robots wheeled power control
module. The control module can be removed from the
tracked portion of the 410V, reducing the crawler size
by a third and creating a more compact robot that can be
driven into tight environments such as small tunnels and
flooded sewer pipes.
Aquajet Systems AB, www.aquajet.se

www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 53

Product Showcase

General Equipment Company

SG12/E Surface Grinder
Designed for smaller-scale surface preparation projects,
General Equipment Companys SG12/E single-head surface
grinder provides high-performance, durability, and ease-of-use.
Powered by an enclosed, fan-cooled 1.5-hp electric motor, the
SG12/E features a single rotating disc with a 12 in. (305 mm)
working width. With its top disc rotation speed of 250 rpm,
applications include grinding concrete surfaces; removing
mastics, adhesives, epoxies and urethanes; breaking up
deposits of grease and dirt; and polishing more delicate
terrazzo and marble floor surfaces. The SG12/E includes a
folding handle for easy transport. Additionally, the compact
frame design and wheel position allow for simple maneuvering
up and down stairwells.
General Equipment Company, www.generalequip.com

SKILSAW Southpaw Circular Saw

SKILSAWs 7-1/4 in. (184 mm) left blade Sidewinder
Circular Saw, Southpaw provides users with superior blade
and cut-line visibility to enhance accuracy. In addition, the
saws 56-degree precision beveling capacity allows for a
wider variety of cuts. Its all-magnesium construction reduces
weight, efficiently dissipates motor heat, and alleviates user
fatigue. The saws 15A Dual-Field motor stays cool to
extend tool life.
Skilsaw, www.skilsaw.com

TSA 230 STIHL Cutquik

The TSA 230 STIHL Cutquik provides
maneuverability and solid cutting performance
in a lightweight, compact package. With zero
exhaust emissions, the TSA 230 enables indoor
cutting in enclosed spaces and other jobsites.
Wet cutting is simplified with onboard water
connection and control. The cut-off machine is
fueled by a low-maintenance, brushless,
commercial-grade high torque electric motor. Its
low vibration, low noise, and light weight reduce
operator fatigue. The TSA 230 uses STIHLs
36V lithium-ion battery system.
STIHL, www.stihlusa.com

54 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com

Calls for
Papers
New Innovations in Chemical Admixtures
Meeting: Technical session on New Innovations in
Chemical Admixtures at The ACI Concrete Convention and
Exposition Spring 2018, March 25-29, 2018, in Salt Lake
City, UT; sponsored by ACI Committee 212, Chemical
Admixtures.
Solicited: Based on the success of the session held at
theACI Concrete Convention Spring 2017 in Detroit,
MI,ACICommittee 212 is inviting papers related to the
advancement of knowledge and use of chemical admixtures
for the improvement of use and economy and/or durability of
concrete. Papers will be chosen by an ACI Committee 212
task group prior to the ACI Concrete Convention Fall 2017
in Anaheim, CA.
Requirements: 1) presentation title; 2) author/speaker
name(s), title, organization, and contact information; and
3) an abstract of 300 words.
Deadlines: Abstracts are due by August 31, 2017; final
papers are due by December 15, 2017.
Send to: Kari L. Yuers, Kryton International Inc., e-mail:
kari@kryton.com.
Rating Methods for Defining Performance of
Existing Concrete Bridges
Meeting: Technical session on Rating Methods for
Defining Performance of Existing Concrete Bridges at The
ACI Concrete Convention and Exposition Spring 2018,
March 25-29, 2018, in Salt Lake City, UT; sponsored by
ACI Committee 342, Evaluation of Concrete Bridges and
Bridge Elements.
Solicited: This session will provide the bridge community
with an overview of the load rating process and appropriate
methods of analysis for defining concrete bridge performance
based on safety and serviceability limit states. Presentations
are invited on case studies of load rating concrete bridges with
various structural configurations such as typical prestressed
I-girders, reinforced and prestressed multi-cell box girder
bridges, segmental concrete bridges, bridges with large
horizontal curvatures and complex geometry (for example,
concrete arch and rigid frame bridges), and bridges with
insufficient plans or details. Presentations will also emphasize
Sign up for
Concrete
The smart way to stay on top
of concrete industry news.
sign up at: www.smartbrief.com/ACI
relevant refined analysis methods that extend beyond
traditional AASHTO rating methods such as finite element
modeling, grillage modeling, and diagnostic load testing.
Requirements: 1) presentation title; 2) author/speaker
name(s), title, organization, and contact information; and
3) an abstract of up to 250 words.
Deadline: Abstracts are due by September 1, 2017.
Send to: Khatereh Vaghefi, WSP USA, e-mail: khatereh.
vaghefi@wsp.com; and Nestor Rubiano, HNTB, e-mail:
nrubiano@hntb.com.
Seismic Analysis, Design, and Construction of
Concrete Buildings and Bridges
Meeting: Technical sessions on Seismic Analysis, Design,
and Construction of Concrete Buildings and Bridges at
TheACI Concrete Convention and Exposition Fall 2018,
October 14-18, 2018, in Las Vegas NV, sponsored by ACI
Committees 341, Earthquake-Resistant Concrete Bridges, and
345, Concrete Bridge Construction, Maintenance, and Repair.
Solicited: These sessions will emphasize recent advances
in the seismic analysis, design, and construction of concrete
buildings and bridges. Presentations will encompass a variety of
technical aspects such as the refined analysis and assessment
techniques of concrete members subjected to seismic loading,
damage detection and mitigation, vulnerability identification,
and strengthening of constructed structures. Both experimental
and analytical investigations are of interest. The sessions
willbring to light recent research findings and provide an
opportunity to discuss present challenges and technical
demands. Critical information will be provided to those who
will lead tomorrows structural design and construction,
including practicing engineers, government officials, and
academics. An ACI Special Publication will be published.
Requirements: 1) presentation title; 2) author/speaker
name(s), title, organization, and contact information; and
3) an abstract of up to 300 words.
Deadlines: Abstracts are due by January 31, 2018; final
papers are due by April 30, 2018.
Send to: Yail Jimmy Kim, University of Colorado Denver,
e-mail: jimmy.kim@ucdenver.edu; and Junwon Seo, South
Dakota State University, e-mail: junwon.seo@sdstate.edu.
Calls for Papers: Submission Guidelines
Calls for papers should be submitted no later than 3 months prior to the
deadline for abstracts. Please send meeting information, papers/presentations
being solicited, abstract requirements, and deadline, along with full contact
information to: Keith A. Tosolt, Managing Editor, Concrete International,
e-mail: keith.tosolt@concrete.org. Visit www.callforpapers.concrete.org for
more information.
www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 55
Chapter
Reports
Peru Chapter ACI Works to Reboot Spanish-
Language Webinars through ACI University
ACI recently launched a series of Spanish-language
webinars to better serve Latin American markets. The Peru
Chapter ACI collaborated with ACI on the first webinar of
the series. The topic was ACI 562-16, the Concrete Repair
Code. The live webinar took place April 11, 2017, and
reached viewers in many countries of Latin America.
The webinar was presented by Gustavo Tumialan, FACI,
Boston, MA, and moderated by Arturo Gaytan, Mexico City,
Mexico, with support from ACI staff in Farmington Hills, MI.
The recorded webinar is currently available for on-demand
download from the ACI University website.
Luis Flores and Luciano Lopez, officers of the Peru
Chapter ACI, collaborated with ACI staff on the content
andorganization of the webinar. The chapter coordinated the
preparation of local promotional material, which was posted
on the chapters social networks and distributed electronically
to ACI members and nonmembers in Peru. To encourage
registration, the chapter also acquired several registrations
from ACI, which were available for local purchase directly
from the chapter at a reduced cost. More than 100 people
registered for the webinar in Peru, including staff from
leading engineering and construction companies and
university faculty and students.
ACI Spanish-language webinar participants at Higashi Ingenieros,
Lima, Peru
LTU Student Chapter ACI Participates in
Regional Concrete Canoe Race
Lawrence Technological University (LTU), Southfield, MI,
hosted the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
North Central Student Conference, held April 2017. In the
concrete canoe race competition, LTU finished third overall
among nine schools. Around 300 students participated.
56 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
The canoe race was held at Pontiac Lake State Recreation
Area in White Lake Township, MI. Student teams were also
judged by engineering experts on canoe appearance, a design
paper, and an oral presentation. Presentation, design, and
racing points were combined to produce the overall winner.
LTUs canoe team finished fifth in the design paper, fourth
in oral presentation, and third in quality of the final product.
During racing, LTUs canoe finished third in the womens
sprint race, fourth in the mens sprint, second in the coed
sprint, fifth in the womens endurance race, and third in the
mens endurance race.
Michigan Technological University finished in first place
overall, with the University of Michigan second. Other teams
competing included Western Michigan University in fourth
place, Ohio Northern University in fifth, Michigan State
University in sixth, University of Toledo in seventh, Wayne
State University in eighth, and University of Detroit Mercy
whose canoe was unfortunately severely damaged in transit
tothe LTU campusin ninth.
The LTU Student Chapter ACI concrete canoe team
ACI Chapters Partner for Custom Seminar in
Costa Rica
On March 18, 2017, the Costa Rica Chapter ACI held an
ACI custom seminar on Troubleshooting Concrete Construc-
tion in San Jos, Costa Rica. It was the first time that the
chapter held an event focused on constructionmost of the
events in the past were focused on design. The seminar was
sponsored by SAHE Representaciones Internacionales SA,
EUCLID Group Centroamerica, SIKA, and SINOCEM.
Colegio de Ingenieros Civiles and El Instituto Costarricense
del Cemento y del Concreto assisted with the organization.
The local ACI student chapter also helped during the event.
About 60 people attended.

Troubleshooting Concrete Construction seminar hosted by Costa
Rica Chapter ACI
Frank Kozileski, FACI, presented the seminar and Gerardo
Garca provided the simultaneous translation. ACI 301S-10
was part of the seminar handout and ACI 318S-14 and
314S-16 were offered at seminar cost.
The Peru Chapter ACI is acknowledged for its key
collaboration in translating the presentation slides.
India Chapter ACI to Host Third R.N. Raikar
Memorial International Conference
The third edition of the acclaimed R.N. Raikar Conference
series will be held in Mumbai, India, on December 14-15,
2018. Conference Convenor S.K. Manjrekar has announced
the conference at various international platforms, most
recently at the Association of Civil Engineering Conference
At the Universidad Autnoma de Nuevo Len, S.K. Manjrekar (third
from left) announced the Third R.N. Raikar Conference and delivered
a lecture on sustainable concrete structures
Chapter Reports
inMerida, Mexico, and at Universidad Autnoma de Nuevo
Len in Monterrey, Mexico.
Manjrekar highlighted the international popularity of the
R.N. Raikar Conference series. The event is organized by the
India Chapter ACI and sponsored by ACI. The influential
careers and achievements of Ravindra Gettu and Venkatesh
Kodur will be celebrated during an international symposium
in their honor. Highlights will include participation of over
35countries; an audience of over 600 engineers, scientists,
professors, government officials, industry leaders, and
students; technical articles from more than 70 international
authors and matching Indian contributions; panel discussions;
and an exhibition.
Visit www.icaci.com for more information on the Third
R.N. Raikar Memorial International Conference.
Iraq Chapter ACI Elects New Officers and
Holds Construction Forum
The new President of the Iraq Chapter ACI for 2017 is
Omer Qarani, Salahaddin University Erbil, Erbil, Iraq. He
received his PhD in structural engineering from the University
of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq. Qaranis research interests
include shear in deep beams and corbels, high-strength
concrete, and prestressed concrete bridges. The new Chapter
Vice President is Tareq Al Attar, University of Technology. He
received his PhD in construction materials engineering from
the University of Technology. His research is focused on
high-performance concrete and concrete sustainability.
New members were elected to the Iraq Chapter ACI
Board of Directors for 2017-2020. Saheb A. Khidher is the
CEO of Al-Ahmed Laboratories. He received his PhD in
materials engineering from the University of Baghdad, Baghdad,
Iraq. He has over 30 years of experience working in concrete,
cement, admixtures, concrete mixture design, and assessing
buildings. Razaq Ferhadi is Chair of the Department of
Design at the American University of Kurdistan, Zakho,
Iraq. He received his PhD in civil engineering from George
Washington University, Washington, DC. Ferhadi has over
20years ofexperience in the design and analysis of concrete
and steel structures, industrial, and commercial buildings,
including over 6 years in power plants. Raid F. Al-Saidi is
part of the Civil Engineering Department at Al-Mustansiriyah
University, Baghdad, Iraq, where he received his PhD in
structural engineering. He has experience in the design of
concrete and steel structures.
As part of continuous efforts by the Iraqi Ministry of
Construction and Housing to foster dialogue within the region
on the topic of infrastructure development, the idea of setting
up an all-inclusive forum was born. The focus of the forum
was exploring and adapting new and better construction
www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 57
Chapter Reports

Qarani Al Attar Khidher

The Iraq Chapter ACI participated in a construction forum with the

Iraq Ministry of Construction and Housing

technology. The construction forum, which was held Ferhadi Al-Saidi

February 21-22, 2017, aimed to improve alignment and
selection among multilateral construction technologies to
facilitate the development of sustainable, accessible, and a
Last year, the Civil Engineering Department at the Univer-
sity of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq, celebrated Marim M. Abdul
better standard of construction for developing the Kurdistan Ameer and Zahraa F. Hassan, second-place winners of the
Region through enhanced technical support. student project competition. Their project was titled Effect
The forum was a joint project between Salahaddin Univer- of the Type and Dosage of High-Range Water-Reducing
sity Erbil and the Ministry of Construction and Housing of Admixture on the Concrete Compressive Strength Devel-
the Kurdistan Region Government (KRG). The Iraq Chapter opment, supervised by Aqeel H. Chkheiwer.
ACI participated in the forum with an opening plenary
followed by presentations in the form of public and private
panel discussions. Omer Qarani, Chapter President, and
members of Chapter Board of Directors Dillshad Kakasor
andDillshad Ameen participated in the forum. They gave
theattendees an idea about the role of Iraq Chapter ACI
inthe reconstruction of Iraq.
Other recent activities of the Iraq Chapter ACI included:
Iraq Chapter ACI and the University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq,
presented a seminar by Riadh Al Mahaidi on January 8,
2017, titled Advanced Hybrid Experimental/Numerical
Strategies Combined with Innovative Materials for Safer
Structures. The seminar can be viewed at www.youtube.
com/watch?v=c4IqzomUFuQ.
A workshop on Large Span Ultra-High-Performance
Reinforced Concrete Structures was organized by the
University of Babylon College of Engineering, Hillah,
Iraq, with the collaboration of the Iraq Chapter ACI.
Theworkshop was held March 15, 2017. The speakers
were Haitham H. Muteb, Ali Hassoon Nahhab, and Abass
Ismael, who discussed materials and construction methods,
structural and architectural considerations, and structural University of Basrah students received awards for their success in
analysis and design concepts. the student project competition

58 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com

Meetings
JULY
16-22 - 25th Annual International Conference on
Composites/Nano Engineering (ICCE-25), Rome, Italy
www.icce-nano.org
20-22 - 2017 Concrete Foundations Convention,
Nashville, TN
http://cfawalls.org/events/
20-23 - ASCC Concrete Executive Leadership Forum,
Bluffton, SC
www.ascconline.org
24-28 - 2017 PCA Education Foundation Professors
Workshop, Skokie, IL
www.cement.org/learn/education/professors-workshop
AUGUST
22-25 - ICPI 2017 Summer Meeting, Toronto, ON, Canada
www.icpi.org/2017summermeeting
SEPTEMBER
3-8 - 71st RILEM Week & ICACMS 2017, Chennai, India
www.rilem2017conference.org
6-7 - SDC Technology Forum 42, Reston, VA
www.concretesdc.org
THE CONCRETE CONVENTION AND
EXPOSITION: FUTURE DATES
2017 October 15-19, Disneyland Hotel,
Anaheim, CA
2018 March 25-29, Grand America & Little
America, Salt Lake City, UT
2018 October 14-18, Rio All-Suite Hotel &
Casino, Las Vegas, NV
2019 March 24-28, Quebec City Convention
Centre and Hilton Quebec
Quebec City, QC, Canada
For additional information, contact:
Event Services, ACI, 38800 Country Club Drive,
Farmington Hills, MI 48331
Telephone: +1.248.848.3795
www.concrete.org/events/conventions.aspx
12-14 - Second International RILEM/COST Conference
on Early Age Cracking and Serviceability in Cement-based
Materials and Structures (EAC02), Brussels, Belgium
www.eac2.be
13-15 - Fourth International Conference on Smart
Monitoring, Assessment and Rehabilitation of Civil
Structures (SMAR 2017), Zrich, Switzerland
www.smar2017.org
13-16 - Fibre Concrete 2017, Prague, Czech Republic
http://concrete.fsv.cvut.cz/fc2017/index.php
14-17 - ASCC Annual Conference, Phoenix, AZ
www.ascconline.org
18-20 - 4th International Conference on Strain-Hardening
Cement-Based Composites (SHCC 4), Dresden, Germany
www.rilem.org/gene/main.php?base=600040#next_971
19-23 - 39th IABSE Symposium, Vancouver, BC, Canada
www.iabse2017.org
27-29 - 3rd International Symposium on Connections
between Steel and Concrete (ConSC 2017), Stuttgart, Germany
www.consc2017.com
28-30 - 2017 TCA Convention, Miami, FL
www.tilt-up.org/convention
OCTOBER
2-4 - 10th ACI/RILEM International Conference on
Cementitious Materials and Alternative Binders for
Sustainable Concrete, Montreal, QC, Canada
www.rilem.org/gene/main.php?base=600040#next_1047
2-4 - 3rd International Symposium on Ultra-High
Performance Fibre-Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC 2017),
Montpellier, France
www.afgc.asso.fr/UHPFRC2017
ACI Industry Events Calendar:
For more information and a listing of additional upcoming events, visit
www.concrete.org/events/eventscalendar.aspx. To submit meeting
information, e-mail Lacey Stachel, Editorial Coordinator, Concrete
International, at lacey.stachel@concrete.org.
www.concreteinternational.com | Ci | JULY 2017 59
Sinopsis en espaol
Estrategias de franja de cierre
Brault, A.; Hoult, N.; Greenough, T.; Trudeau, I.;
Charnish, B., Concrete International, V. 39, no. 7, julio de
2017, pgs. 29-35
Las franjas de cierre son huecos temporales en losas de piso
de concreto reforzado. Se proporcionan para permitir que las
secciones en cada lado sufren la retraccin de fraguado
independientemente; Sin embargo, slo se dispone de una
orientacin limitada para su diseo. Este artculo resume los
enfoques de diseo actualmente disponibles, presenta un
estudio de caso de monitoreo de franjas de cierre y compara
los datos de campo obtenidos con las predicciones de los
enfoques de diseo disponibles.
Diseo de refuerzo para cabezal de pilotes
Granosik, T., Concrete International, V. 39, No. 7, julio de
2017, pgs. 37-39
Las fundaciones que soportan bastidores de tubo y estructuras
de prtico abierto utilizadas en la industria petroqumica a
menudo estn sujetas a fuerzas de elevacin. Se presentan
modelos simplificados de puntal-tensor para el diseo de
refuerzo para cabezal de pilotes sometidas a traccin axial o
momento de flexin. Los modelos incluyen las configuraciones
ms comunes de los cabezal de pilotes utilizadas actualmente,
cabezal de pilotes por dos y cuatro pilotes.
Online Bookstore
60 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
Premio al Proyecto del Ao de la Slag Cement Association
2016, Concrete International, V. 39, No. 7, julio de 2017,
pgs. 41-44
La Slag Cement Association (SCA) present el Proyecto de
Cemento de Escorias 2016 del Premio del Ao durante la
reunin del Comit ACI 233, Escoria de Tierra en Concreto,
en el ACI Concrete Convention and Exposition Spring 2017
en Detroit, MI. Ocho proyectos fueron reconocidos por su
excelencia y innovacin en concreto de cemento de escoria en
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Concrete Institute (PCI) representan la excelencia en el diseo
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ACI 330.2R-17: Guide for the Design and
Construction of Concrete Site Paving for
Industrial and Trucking Facilities
This guide provides information useful in the design and
construction of a successful site-paving project for heavy-duty
industrial and trucking facilities. This information assists
architects/engineers, contractors, and testing agencies with
designing, detailing, constructing, repairing, and inspecting
site paving.
ACI 544.2R-17: Report on the Measurement of
Fresh State Properties and Fiber Dispersion of
Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
This report outlines existing procedures for testing and
measuring fresh state performance and fiber dispersion in
fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC). As for the former, test methods
applicable to both ordinary vibrated FRC and fiber-reinforced
self-consolidating concrete (FR-SCC) are reviewed.
ACI UNIVERSITY ONLINE COURSES
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Learning objectives:
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construction in hot weather.
2. Identify examples to monitor weather conditions, manage
concrete temperature, and protect concrete surfaces in hot
weather.
3. Explain operations to minimize concrete surface drying,
plastic shrinkage cracking, and workability loss.
4. Summarize benefits of concrete mixture proportioning
including admixtures and fibers for hot weather concrete
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E E E
C AT P R O C AT P R O C AT P R O
FI FI FI
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TI

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C ER

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AM

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AM

Concrete Fundamentals Anchorage Design Repair Application

Procedures

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Concrete
Q&A
Subgrade Drag Equation
in ACI 360R
Q.
Equation (6.3) in ACI 360R-921 is not included in
the current version of this document (ACI 360R-102).
What was the reason for this change? Also, what
reinforcement percentage is needed to limit crack widths and
ensure aggregate interlock?
A.
The subgrade drag equation (Eq. (6.3) in
ACI 360R-92) was removed by ACI Committee 360,
Design of Slabs on Ground, before ACI 360R-063
was published. The reasons for this change included:
The equation does not properly model the stresses that
develop as the result of differential shrinkage between the
top and bottom of the slab that causes curling (warping).
For most situations, the curling stresses in a slab-on-ground
far exceed the uniform tensile stresses estimated using the
subgrade drag equation;
Because the equation fails to address curling, the equation
typically fails to result in an appropriate percentage of steel
for a given application. For example, when joint spacing
exceeds ACI 360R recommendations, numerous consultants
have found that the steel percentage determined using the
subgrade drag equation will allow crack widths that cause
concern for many slab owners; thus, the equation can give
a false sense of security and cause problematic slab designs.
A common slab-on-ground reinforcing rule is to use about
0.10% continuous reinforcement in normally jointed (the
same joint spacing as unreinforced slabs), 6 in. (152 mm)
thick and thinner slabs (slightly less reinforcement ratio
percentage for thicker slabs). This amount of steel provides
good load transfer at joints and cracks that may form. While
the 0.10% reinforcement is not enough to hold cracks tight
enough for many owners needs, it will prevent faulting and
Questions in this column were asked by users of ACI documents and have
been answered by ACI staff or by a member or members of ACI technical
committees. The answers do not represent the official position of an ACI
committee. Comments should be sent to rex.donahey@concrete.org.
64 JULY 2017 | Ci | www.concreteinternational.com
facilitate crack repairs if needed. This design is discussed in
Section 6.2 of ACI 360R-10 and is termed enhanced
aggregate interlock. To eliminate contraction joints, and if
tight cracks are acceptable to the owner, about 0.50 to 0.60%
continuous reinforcement should be used in the top part of a
slab-on-ground.
When our company designs slabs-on-ground with
deformed bar reinforcement, we either specify about 0.10%
reinforcement for normally jointed slabs or we specify 0.50 to
0.60% reinforcement for slabs without contraction joints. We
avoid specifying between 0.10 and 0.50% reinforcement
because that amount is too much for the joints to consistently
activate (cracks under the contraction joint) to accommodate
the shrinkage and curling movement. Cracks will still occur,
however, and that amount of reinforcement is not enough to
hold cracks sufficiently tight for many owners. In fact, we
have seen this problem so often that we wrote an engineering
bulletin4 addressing it. The bulletin also provides more
detailed information regarding why the subgrade drag
equation was removed from the ACI 360R recommendations
and other common problematic designs.
References
1. ACI Committee 360, Design of Slabs on Grade (ACI 360R-92)
(Reapproved 1997), American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI,
1992, 57 pp.
2. ACI Committee 360, Guide to Design of Slabs-on-Ground
(ACI 360R-10), American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2010,
72 pp.
3. ACI Committee 360, Design of Slabs-on-Ground (ACI 360R-06),
American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2006, 74 pp.
4. Walker, W.W., and Holland, J.A., Stay out of the Courthouse
Zone, Engineering Bulletin, Structural Services, Inc., 4 pp.,
http://www.ssiteam.com/publications.
Thanks to Jerry A. Holland and Wayne W. Walker, Structural Services, Inc.,
Atlanta, GA, for providing the answer.
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