NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, ROURKELA

HEAT TRANSFER AND REFRIGERATION LABORATORY: ME471

LAB REPORT
ON
VAPOUR ABSORPTION TEST RIG

GROUP-02
SUB GROUP-02
114ME0479: SAI KISHORE. P
114ME0480: MURALI KRISHNA VAKADA
114ME0481: ABHISHEK KUMAR
114ME0482: NVS ARUN KUMAR

PREPARED BY: 114ME0481: ABHISHEK KUMAR

SUBMISSION DATE: AUG 18, 2017

Subject Teacher: Dr. M.K. Moharana

CONTENT:
1. Aim of the experiment
2. Literature survey and theory
3. Schematic diagram of the experimental setup
4. Procedure
5. Observation
6. Calculation
7. Results and conclusion
8. Precautions.

INDIVIDUAL CONTRIBUTION:
Report:

1. 114ME0479-P.SAI KISHORE-Experimental Procedure, Observations

Tabulation and precautions. ( 30%)
Sign:

2. 114ME480 -MURALI KRISHNA V-All the detailed calculations of the

Theoretical COP and Conclusion. (33%)
Sign:

3. 114ME0481- ABHISHEK KUMAR - Aim of the Experiment, Introduction

and Theory. (37%)
Sign:
AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT:

To conduct performance test on vapour Absorption type refrigeration test and to

find out the co-efficient of performance.(NH3)

INRODUCTION:

The principle of Vapour Absorption Refrigeration was first discovered by

Michael Faraday in 1824 while performing a set of experiments to liquefy
certain gases. A vapour absorption refrigeration system is one of the oldest
methods of producing absorption effect. This system may be used in both the
domestic and large industrial refrigerant plants. The refrigerant commonly used
in a vapour absorption system, is ammonia (NH3).
In a vapour absorption system, an absorber replaces the compressor, this system
uses Heat energy instead of mechanical energy as in vapour compression system, in order
to change the condition of refrigerant required for the operation of the refrigeration cycle.

The process step or components of the vapour absorption refrigeration cycle

which is given in below.

(1) Absorption
(2) generator
(3) Receiver
(4) Condensation
(5) Expansion valve
(6) Evaporation

THEORY:

The simple vapour absorption system consists of an absorber, a pump, a

generator and a pressure-reducing valve to replace compressor of vapour
compression system. The other components of the system are condenser,
receiver, expansion valve and evaporator as in the vapour compression system.
In this system, the low-pressure ammonia vapour leaving the evaporator enters
the absorber where it is absorbed by the cold water in the absorber. The water
has the ability to absorb very large quantities of ammonia vapour and the
solution, thus formed, is known as aqua-ammonia. The absorption of ammonia
vapour in water lower the pressure in the absorber which in the turn draws more
ammonia vapour from the evaporator and thus raises the temperature of
solution. Some form of cooling arrangement is employed in the absorber to
remove the heat of solution evolved there. This is necessary in order to increase
the absorption capacity of water, because at higher temperature water absorbed
less ammonia Vapour. The liquid pump pumps the strong solution formed in the
absorber to the generator. The pump increases the pressure of the solution up to
10 bar.

The strong solution of the ammonia in the generator is heated by some external
source such as gas or steam. During the heating process, the ammonia vapour is
driven off the solution at high pressure leaving behind the hot weak ammonia
solution in the generator. This weak ammonia solution flows back to the
absorber at low pressure after passing through the pressure reducing valve. The
high-pressure ammonia vapour from the generator is condensed in the
condenser to a high pressure liquid ammonia. This liquid ammonia passed the
expansion valve through the receiver and then to the evaporator. This complete
the simple vapour absorption cycle.

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM OF EXPERIMENTAL SETUP:

 EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE:

1. Firstly switched on the main supply.

2. Then adjusted current and the supply voltage.
3. Noted down the initial temperature reading.
4. After then waited for 20 minutes until the steady state is reached.(i.e the
temperature reached until 5oc)
5. Recorded all the readings as per the observation table
6. Calculated the results as per the procedure mentioned at various points.

OBSERVATION READINGS:

T1- Generator Temperature = 127.2 = 400.2

T2- Temperature after Generator outlet = 126.1 = 399.1

T3- Temperature after condensation = 33.4 = 306.4

T4- Evaporator Inlet Temperature = 0.5 = 273.5

T5- Evaporator outlet Temperature = 24.5 = 297.5

T6- Temperature of Inlet to absorber vessel = 23.5 = 296.5

T7- Temperature of Outlet of Absorber = 28.0 = 301

T8- Ambient Temperature = 33.4 = 306.4

V = voltage = 245 volt

I =current = 0.285 amp

Volume =180ml =180cm3 =180*10-6 m3

CALCULATIONS:

Sample calculation:

F1 = 0.005 kg/sec

RE = cpT ; (T=Tin-Tfi)

m = p* Vol

= 1* 180* 10-6

= 0.00018 kg

RE = 0.00018*4.18*(24.1-0.5)

= 0.0177*1000 W

= 17.7 W

Q = VI

= 245*0.285

= 69.825 W

COPac= =17.7/69.825

=0.2534

COPCarnot =

297.5
=
306.4297.5

= 8.901

COPtheoretical =

297.5
= 0.2322
33.42

= 2.067

RESULTS TABLE:

1. COP actual COP Carnot COP theoretical

2. 0.2534 8.901 2.067

PERCAUTION:.

1. Keep all the Assembly Undisturbed.

2. Operate all Switches and controls gently.
3. Operate selector switch of temperature indicator slowly.

CONCLUSION:

The actual COP is less than the theoretical due to losses at different points
and errors made while measurement of temperatures.