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Community Diagnosis:Barangay 650 Zone 60

District V
May - June 2017

Patricia P. Salvador
Medical Intern
Community Medicine
May -June 2017

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Acknowledgement

This community study would have not been possible without the support and help of the following;

To the almighty father, for always providing and guiding in every step that we take

To the researchers family for the unending support

To the staff of Intramuros Health Center for the guidance and assistance to finish this community
diagnosis paper and for welcoming the researcher to their health center. To the Physicians-in-
charge, Dr. Marissa Caro for devoting her time in assistance and guidance for the completion of
this research. To the Barangay Health Workers, and officials for allowing us to conduct this
research and for giving their energy and time to accompany the researcher in collecting the data in
Barangay 650 Zone 60 District V.

To the families who participated, for participating whole hearthedly in answering the surveys
conducted during the research.

To Jose Reyes Memorial Medical Center Community Medicine staff and the Manila Medical
Training Office in providing this opportunity for interns to immerse in the community health
setting.

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Table of Contents
Title Page
Acknowledgement ...............................................................................................................................2
Introduction..........................................................................................................................................4

Rationale...............................................................................................................................................4

Statement of Objectives.......................................................................................................................5

Methodology and Tool Used ..............................................................................................................5

Limitation of the Study.......................................................................................................................6

I. Setting of the Community...............................................................................................................6

II. Population.......................................................................................................................................6

III. Economic Indices.........................................................................................................................6-8

IV. Socio-Cultural Indices................................................................................................................8-11

V. Environmental Indices...............................................................................................................11-12

VI. Health Indices...........................................................................................................................12-26

VII. Summary and Conclusions........................................................................................................27

VIII. Problems Identified .................................................................................................................28

IX. Suggestions...................................................................................................................................28
X. Action Plan....................................................................................................................................28

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INTRODUCTION

The post graduate interns of Jose R. Reyes Memorial Medical Center, responsibly conducted a
study in the different community areas of Metro Manila, the assigned post graduate intern of intramuros
health center chose Barangay 650, District V with the goal of motivating and seeking wide participation
for the improvement of the community through collection, collection, analysis and interpretation of data
which includes statistical data, identification of problems and priority setting by using a survey tool. The
tool requires biological, epidemiological, social, and health-related data from families in the community
to identify its problems and possible solutions.

It is an essential and effective method since no two populations are the same. They may differ
from one area to another or from one period to another. Evaluation and re-evaluation is needed to ensure
the welfare of the population. This poses a challenge for health care providers to make ends meet--
providing the giving the most ideal solution using limited resources available.

RATIONALE

The Philippines has a high mortality and poverty incidence. However some studies may attribute
the high mortality rate with poverty because of inability for health seeking behavior or the availabilty of
low cost medicines for different types of illness. Health education literature has long discussed the
importatance of community participation in health education programs and there is a growing emphasos
on enabling health education of the health practitioners to dacilirate successful community involvement.
In the working for the developing health education with Barangay 650 District V Manila, health providers
should be competent and have enough knowledge to implement the community diagnosis.

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STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES:

GENERAL OBJECTIVES:
This study aims to assess the health status of residents Barangay 650 District V from May to June 2017.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
1. To establish rapport with the community officials and members and uphold JRRMMCs
standard of a professional doctor for us to identify foreseeable health problems.
2. To familiarize ourselves with the community and observe first-hand what goes out and about
the confines of the baranggay to determine the existing and foreseeable crises of the district V.
3. To collect data regarding the communitys health status through interview with the key
informants of the baranggay and through a survey for the rest of the citizens in the area, then evaluate the
gathered data.
4. To broaden our knowledge and expose ourselves to community health whilst being able to help
the population in identifying and recognizing their problems as a community.

METHOLOGY AND TOOLS USED

During the interim of our two month duration assignment in different community areas in manila, interns
were provided a standard health diagnosis tool used to survey 25 families residing in the area they were
assigned to with the accompaniment of Barangay Health workers. For this paper, the data was gathered
from Barangay 650 District V from May to June 2017.

The methods of data collection are ocular survey and spot map. Another method used is a community
survey, with the use of the community survey tool, back-to-back survey form asking details such as family
members age, sex, educational attainment, occupation, income immunizations received, health care
facility approached for health concerns, religion, province of origin, length of residence. Home ownership,
type of housing, ventilation, water supply, excreta disposal, garbage disposal, food storage, infant feeding
and health information source.

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And lastly a risk factor assessement, where it focuses on the top leading causes of morbidity in the
baranggay. The top ten causes of morbidity was obtained from the health centers statistics, listed by the
Physician in charge. The list was from all the patients that were seen in the health center from May to June
this year, from that list only those cases from baranggay 650 were counted.

After data collection and analysis, a problem list was produced with one selected as the focus problem.
Solutions to address the focus problem were formulated taking into account resources available in the
community. Data presentation is presented in narrative form, and numerical datas are presented by using
tables, graphs and pie charts

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY


This study is limited to only 25 families with a total number of 825 individuals listed in Barangay 650
District V from May to June 2017. From the 25 families one informant provided the information needed
in the survey which was usually the mother of the house. The families surveyed may not be representative
of the whole barangay since these are 130 individuals from the total population of Brgy 650, Intramuros
which is 3, 521. There may also be a bias since the families surveyed are the ones known to the Barangay
Health worker thus they may misrepresent the number of residents availing the services of the health
center.

I. SETTING OF THE COMMUNITY


1. Description

Intramuros in Latin means within the walls and was the original citadel of Manila and was the
seat of government during the Spanish colonial occupation for over three hundred years. It is located
along the southern bank of the Pasig River and was built by the Spaniards in the 16th century and is
the oldest district of the city of Manila, the capital of the Philippines. It served as the political, cultural,
educational, religious and commercial center of Spains empire in the East.Its well known walls was
constructed in the late 16th century to protect the city from foreign invasions. During the second World
War, Intramuros became one of the last stand of the Japanese troops and was virtually levelled down.
By 1951, Intramuros was declared a historical monument and Fort Santiago a national shrine with
Republic Act 597 initiating restoration, reconstruction, and urban planning of Intramuros. This along

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with land reclamations during the early 20thcentury, obscured the walls from the bay to its present
location.

Intramuros spans a total area 0.67 km2 (0.26 sq mi) and is 3 m above sea level. It is bounded by
the Pasig River in the north, Padre Burgos St. in the south, Taft Ave. in the east and Roxas Blvd. in
the south.

2. Spot Map

II. POPULATION

According to the Manila Barangay Bureau (2012), Intramuros has a total population of 17, 607 with
distribution of 49% (8,627) males and 51% (8,979) females. There are approximately 2,175 families

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within the area. The number of school, dormitories and other offices leads to a viable market and an
increase in service providers such as pedicab drivers, vendors and other businesses concentrated along
Victoria, Cabildo, Magallanes, and Solana St and nearby areas.

According to the data provided by the Barangay Bureau there are a total of 654 households in
Intramuros, Manila. In terms of the total number of individuals, the Barangay Bureau in 2012 reported,
that there are a total of 12,214 individuals currently residing in Intramuros, Manila.
In the barangay of study, Barangay 650, there are 131 households with total population of 3, 521
households in Barangay 650 were included in this study.

2.1 Total Population: 3,520


2.2 Total Population of Families Surveyed: 130
2.3 Sex Ratio: 1.13
Total population of males surveyed: 69
Total population of female surveyed: 61

Analysis: In the sample population included in this study, here are more males than female in the
community, which is in accordance to the Philippines statistics and as with any given
population.

2.4 Age and Sex Distribution (table 1)


Table 1. Age and sex distribution of families surveyed in Barangay 650 Zone 60 District V.
May June 2017.

Male Female Total


Age f % f % %
<1 8 11.59 3 4.91 11 8.46
1-4 10 14.49 11 18.03 21 16.15
5-9 15 21.73 9 14.75 24 18.4
10-14 2 2.89 2 3.27 4 3.07
15-19 1 1.45 10 16.39 11 8.46

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20-24 5 7.25 9 14.75 14 10.7
25-29 11 15.94 10 16.39 21 16.15
30-34 8 11.59 3 4.91 11 8.46
35-39 2 2.89 4 6.55 6 4.6
40-44 2 2.89 1 1.6 3 2.3
45-49 0 0 2 3.2 2 1.5
50-54 1 1.44 1 1.6 2 1.5
55-59 1 1.44 1 1.6 2 15
>60 3 4.34 2 3.2 5 3.8
99.5~10
Total 69 100 61 100 130 0

<1
01-Apr
05-Sep
Oct-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
Male
30-34
Female
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
55-59
>60

20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20

Figure 1. Age and sex distribution of families surveyed in Barangay 650 Zone 60 District V. May-
June 2017

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2.5 Civil Status
Table 2. Percentage Distribution showing civil status of individuals 15 and above Barangay 650
Zone 60, District V May to June 2017.

Civil Status f %
Single 15 22.3
Married 15 22.3
Live in 36 53.73
Separated 0 0
Widow 1 1.49
Total 67 99.9100

Analysis: Almost half of the of the families surveyed ages 15 and above are living-in with their
current partners followed by single and married individuals. There are no separated individuals
probably due to moral code of ethics in the phillipines which illegalized annulment. However, if
we combine the individuals that have families, that is, married plus live in partners it would
comprise of 76.03%, which is more than half the population.

III. ECONOMIC INDICES:


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3.1 Dependency Ratio:
70 0.8571

Analysis: The dependency ratio shows the number of dependents age 0-14 and those above 65
years old versus the productive portion of a population. It indicates the pressure on the laboring
force of the population. Almost 46% of individuals among families surveyed are dependents,
99% of them are aged 0-14. This indicates a young population which may be attributed to an
increased rate of child bearing or early death of individuals in the population. The increase in the
young dependents may be an advantage and disadvantage. The advantage being, a greater
number of laborers in the future and the disadvantage being putting high pressure on the present
laboring portion of the population. It should fall under be noted that the current productive

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population counts individuals expected to have work based on age. In reality, numerous
individuals under the productive population are unemployed. This further increases the burden
of the individuals who are actually working.

3.2 Occupation
Table 3. Percentage Distribution showing Average Income of Earning Individuals Barangay 654
Zone 69 District V.
Income/month f %
<1000 0 0%
1000-2999 4
3000-4999 9 14%
5000-6999 10 18%
7000-8999 5 16%
9000-10999 7 12%
11000-12999 5 2%
13000-14999 1 2%
>15000 1 16%

Analysis: There are 42 individuals working among the 70 individuals in the productive portion
of the families surveyed, more than half. This means only 1/2 of the individuals among the
surveyed families have jobs and are not completely burdened with providing for their families.
Note that the income of individuals with jobs ranges from minimum wage 1,088 to over 15,000,
however only a few earn 11000-14999 and fortunately no one receives payment of less than a
1000 monthly due to minimum range set at 1088.

3.3 Table 4. Average Income Percentage Distribution Showing the types of Occupation of
Earning Individuals. Barangay 654 Zone 69 District V.

Occupation is an act of working and earning money to be used for living .This Data shows
the top 5 occupations of employed citizens in Brgy.650 Distric V Manila, this part of the

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community diagnosis is important to know how people in this community earn their living.

Occupation f %

Maintenance personnel
(Electrician, janitor, plumber, etc. ) 1 2.3
Street vendor 10 23.8
Sari sari store 4 9.5
DPWD 1 2.3
Delivery boy 1 2.3
Personal driver 1 2.3
Waiter/ Food Canteen 2 4.7
Security guard 5 11.9
Construction worker 1 2.3
Laundry women 2 4.7

House keeper 1 2.3


Porter 1 2.3
Call center agent 1 2.3

Driver (Pedicab) 6 14.2

Sales agent 3 7.14

Computer shop guard 2 4.7


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Total 42 %
NOTE: from 130 0individuals there are 70 individuals in the
productive population however only 42 are employed while
are 28 unemployed.

Analysis: Based on the data gathered out of 42 employed citizens in Brgy. 650 District V
Manila the top 5 occupations are: street vendors 10 or 23.8%, pedicab driver 6 oar 14.2%, Security
guard 5 or 11.9, Sari Sari store owner 4 or 9.5%, Sales agent 3 or 7.14%.

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Most of people in the community did not finish their studies .This is the reason why most
of the top occupations only requires low of educational attainment. Poor families that have
inadequate or limited access to resources may be unable to provide health care for themselves and
also health care for them while their working.

IV. SOCIO-CULTURAL INDICES:


4.1. Literacy Rate:
70 73 = 0.95%

Analysis: 95% of individuals 15 years old and above are able to read and write showing all
individuals have received some form of formal education. This shows how the population is
aware of the value of education and the number of individuals who did not received some form
of formal education only includes 5% of the total population

4.2. Educational Attainment

Educational Attainment refers to the highest level of education that a person attained. It can
be categorized as a College Graduate, High School Graduate, Elementary Graduate, and No
Formal Education.

Table 5. Percentage Districution Showing the Educational Attainment of Individuals


Surveyed. Barangay 650 District V, May-June 2017.

Educational
Attainment f %
No formal education 9 10.7
Elementary 20 23.8
Elementary Graduate 2 2.3
Highschool level 19 22.6
Highschool Graduate 23 27.3
College Level 6 7.14
College Graduate 5 5.9

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Total 84 99.9

Analysis: The data shows that 23 or 27.3% of the total population surveyed in Barangay 650
District V Manila has attained High School level while 20 or 23.8% has attained Elementary and
only 5 or 5.9% has attained College.

Most people surveyed has only attained High School level because majority of the family
surveyed prioritize food as their top one priority, followed by electric bills and water bills which
are immediate expenses of the family rather than school fees or education. In addition, most people
surveyed didnt pursue College level because of the in-availability of low cost Colleges around
Intramuros and this can also be related to the number of children they have, they sometimes
prioritize their younger children to study specifically those in the Elementary level because they
dont pay that much for their education than those who are old enough that can already work and
earn money for their living

Most of the people in Barangay 650 have low educational attainment. In this case most of the
people are not that knowledgeable about health matters which may lead them to become dependent
on what they already knew which is not within the standard of health. Inadequate knowledge about
health, wellness and disease prevention makes them ignorant on what is good and what is bad for
their health. Those that stop pursuing their studies and currently unemployed may practice
sedentary lifestyle and continue their vices which can cause them to have different complications
like Hypertension, Cancer and many more. These effects may lead to increase mortality and
morbidity rates.

4.3. Religion

Any institution of an individual to express ones belief in an the existence of a divine power.
A religion is the foundation of ones spiritual aspect which strengthen ones emotional and
physical health

Table 6. Percentage distribution showing the religion of families surveyed. Barangay 654 Zone
69 District V, March-April 2017.
Religion F %
Catholic 46 92

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INC 2 4
others
(Muslim) 2 4
total 50 100

Analysis: Based on the survey in Barangay 650 District V Manila with regards to the
religion of each individual, the Roman Catholic religion has the largest number, which counts 46
individuals with a percentage of 92%. This datum is followed by the religion Iglesia Ni Cristo with
a number of 2 individuals or 4% of the population. Same with the Muslims with a number of 2 or
4% of the population.

Since majority of the population is Catholic, majority of them practices the same beliefs
and traditions, and the way they engage in activities held in the community are almost the same
and connected to Catholic belief. The Catholic religion does not have many restrictions when it
comes to diet and cultures which makes them more prone to risks of having any kinds of diseases.
There are also health promotion programs that deal a lot with religion such as Family Planning
especially the artificial kind of family planning. Even if they want to perform tubal ligation, they
are not allowed to do so because it is against the religion. Also, abortion is prohibited in most of
the religion because it declines the favor of pro-life and decreases the number of possible believers
in all of the religions.

4.4 Place of Origin

This refers to the place where different families originated, where they have been from. It
could be in Luzon, Visayas or Mindanao. The data about the place of origin were collected from
during the community survey. This would be significant would be significant in determining the
values that affect the community people.

Table 7. Percentage Distribution Showing Place of Origin of Families Surveyed.


Barangay 650 District V, May- June 2017.

f %
Luzon 30 60

15
Visayas 14 28
Mindanao 6 12
Total 50 100

Analysis: The above information show that many people or families in our study population came
from Luzon. This is mainly due to the fact that Metro Manila, occupies a large part of Luzon. The
geographical boundaries separating Luzon from Visayas and Mindanao may be a contributing
factor why most people are from Luzon. The length of residency may also serve as a basis because
most of the people in the community are already living permanently. Their parents and relatives
may also reside in that particular area, thus making them heirs to the houses or lands they are
currently settling.

The values and beliefs of the community people affect their decisions toward the
prevention of disease and the promotion of health. Talking about the minority group or those 7
families who are coming from Mindanao, their practices are different from those who came from
Luzon. There is a wide gap exists between the people of Mindanao and Luzon especially the
Muslims and the non-Muslims perceptions and culture in the contemporary times. This may serve
as a barrier in communication and understanding among people especially in matters related to
health practices. They have a different code dealing in specific detail regarding health issues,
offenses, personal relations, conflicts and practices which indicate suggest the kind of culture
observed in their places.

4.5. Population Movement


a. Length of Stay in the area of Families surveyed.
Table 8. Percentage Distribution Showing length of residency of Families Surveyed.
Barangay 650 District V, May- June 2017.

Length of Residency f %
<6 months 2 4
6 months-1yr 2 4
1-5 yrs 5 10
6-10 yrs 19 38

16
>10 yrs 22 44
Total 50 100

Analysis: Most families have been living in the area since their birth and a few for 6-10 years.
They are used to the environment, neighborhood and practices in the area. However, it may also
indicate prolonged exposure to health hazards in the area.

4.6 Housing
a. Types of Houses
Table 9. Percentage Distribution Showing the types of Housing of Families Surveyed.
Barangay 650 District V, May-June 2017.

Type of Housing f %
Makeshift 0 0
Light 12 50
Strong 8 16
Mixed 5 40
Total 25 100

Analysis: Types of housing ranked from most to least are Light, Mixed then strong. None
of the families have makeshift houses since all families lived in the area 6 years and more. Houses
made from light materials are most numerous because they are the cheapest materials. Complete
concrete houses are the least since they are costly. Mixed houses combine strong and light
materials probably since the families slowly strengthen their houses when they have saved enough
money. However materials used in constructing a house affect the safety of each member of the
family. If the material is free from any disaster like flood and earthquake because the foundation
of their house is strong. Families who own a concrete houses are free from accidents caused by
strong winds and also fire, because it is made from cement. Therefore, the stronger the materials
used in building houses the safer the health of the family who resides. Moreover, it can also reduce
the accidents related to the children like for example hanging nails, if the house is made of woods.

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b. Ownership
Land Ownership is an object or right that can be owned. Ownership involves, first and
foremost, possession; in simple societies to possess something is to own it. Beyond possession,
ownership in modern societies implies the right to use, prevent others from using, and dispose of
property, and it implies the protection of such rights by the government.

Table 10. Percentage Distribution Showing the Housing Ownership of Families Surveyed.
Barangay 650 District V, May- June 2017.

Ownership f %
Owned 12 48
Rented 11 44
Rent fee 2 8
Others 0 0
Total 25 100

Analysis: Ranking house ownership, most are owned followed by rented then by Rent free. If
the house is owned by the family it reduces monthly fees for the families unlike in renting.
Ownership is possible since most have lived >6 years in the area (probably handed down to them
or enough time has elapsed for them to build a house even with light materials).

c. Ventilation

Everyone is affected by the quality of our air, whether indoors or outdoors. The Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention works to identify and measure exposure to hazards in air and
to prevent health effects related to those hazards. Every people should acquire proper ventilation
in their own houses.

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Table 11. Percentage Distribution Showing Ventilation of Houses of Families Surveyed.
Barangay 650 District V May-June 2017.

Ventilation f %
Adequate 18 72
Inadequate 7 28
Total 25 100

Analysis: Most of the families surveyed claimed they have adequate ventilation inside their
homes. However this may be subjective and unreliable. Fair to poor ventilation increases
likelihood of transmiting infection from one person to another in the household. Most of the
houses we actually went into were small, enough only for latag and a few chairs and is enclosed
with a small square window.

V. ENVIRONMENTAL INDICES
5.1 Water Supply
Table 12. Percentage Distribution Showing Water Supply of Families Surveyed. Barangay 650
Zone 60 District V May -June 2017.
Level f %
Point Source 4 0
Communal Faucet 16 0
System or Standpoint 0 0
Waterworks System 5 100
Total 25 100

Analysis: All families have running water which means water availability is not a problem unless
the provider has service disruption. Cleaning the house and bathing thus is expected to be done
by most if not all individuals of the families surveyed.

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5.2 Excreta Disposal
Table 13. Percentage Distribution showing Excreta Disposal of Families surveyed. Barangay 650
Zone 60 District V May - June 2017.

Excreta Disposal f %
Pit Latrine 2 8
Pour Flush Toilet 20 80
Flush Toilet 2 8
Balot System 1 4
Others 0 0
Total 25 100

Analysis: All the families surveyed have pour-flush toilets. This is the most convenient
method for the residents since it provides easy excreta disposal without the additional expense of
the pumps needed to automatically load the flush toilets. However this type method of excreta
disposal can easily access the spread of disease because toilets are normally the start of waterborne
diseases. It can lead to some disease such as gastrointestinal and urinary disease if the toilets are
not well maintained. Although it can be preventive if humans can dispose their waste properly.
Using water sealed latrine can prevent the spreading of disease in barangay if properly use.

5.3 Garbage Disposal


Table 14. Percentage Distribution showing Garbage Disposal of Families surveyed. Barangay
650 District VI May-June 2017.

Garbage Disposal f %
DPS(collected) 23 92
Open Dumping 2 8
Burning 0 0
Waste Segregation 0 0
Total 25 100

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Analysis: Most of the families garbage are left in a designated area and collected by the DPS
however 2 families do open dumping. This indicates a need to improve garbage disposal practices.
The designated area of garbage disposal is just across the residents houses the only thing
separating the houses from the collecting area is the width of the PNR tracks so the garbage is still
in close proximity to the residents. This is a health hazard since the carbon dioxide, methane, toxic
fumes coming from the garbage and rodents and other insects that attract the these wastes are
also in close proximity with the residents. It will affect the health of the residents. To add to this
the garbage collection is not daily but every 2-3 days so garbage may pile up.

VI. HEALTH INDICES


6.1. Food Storage

It is the means of holding and protecting commodities for later use. Storage facilities are tailored
to the needs of accessibility, security, and climate. It is a safe keeping of amount of goods and also
for protection against some food borne diseases.

Table 15. Percentage Distribution Showing Food Storage Practice of Families Surveyed.
Barangay 650. District V. May June 2017.
Food Storage f %
Refrigerated 5 20
Not Refrigerated 20 80
A. Covered 20
B. Exposed 0
Total 25 100

Analysis: Most of the families surveyed do not own refrigerators with only 5 of the 25 families
with refrigerators. Even though the 20 families without refrigerators claim that they cover their
food during storage, the food is still prone to easy spoilage and exposure to insects (cockroaches,
flies, etc.).

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6.2 Infant Feeding Practice
Table 16. Percentage Distribution showing infant feeding practice of families surveyed.
Barangay 650 Zone 60 District V May-June 2017.

Type of Infant Feeding f %


Breastfeeding 15 60
Bottlefeeding 7 28
A. Evaporated
B. Condensed
C. Powdered
Mixed 3 12
A . Evaporated
B. Condensed
C. Powedered
Total 25 100

Analysis: Most of the mothers from the surveyed families practice exclusive breastfeeding up
to 6 months, followed by bottle feeding then mixed. It could also be due to availability since
most mothers are housewives. It could also be due to health promotion, since most mothers do
have their pre-natal check-ups at the health center and the midwife, physicians and other health
officers emphasize health and other benefits of breastfeeding.

Breast milk is the best food for the baby from birth up to three years. There are a lot of
advantages to the baby in breast feeding. First, it meets all the food and fluid needs of the baby
from birth up to three years. It also protects the baby from diseases and malnutrition. Due to the
anti-infective properties of breastmilk, breastfed babies tend to have less incidence of or less
pronounced symptoms of ear infections, respiratory illness, allergies, diarrhea, and vomiting.

6.3 Immunization Status

Immunization is the process wherein a person is made immune or resistant to a disease. It


is administered through vaccination. The immunization schedule is used in order to provide

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maximal immunity to the seven EPI diseases before a childs first birthday. BCG is given at birth
or any time after birth, DPT 6 weeks, OPV 6 weeks, Hepatitis B 6 weeks, Measles 9 months. Fully
immunized category denotes that the vaccination status is only applicable for children at least 9
months old. It is Complete when the child has completed required vaccinations scheduled in the
EPI and Incomplete as the child has not yet received all required vaccinations as scheduled in the
EPI.

Table 17. Percentage Distribution showing immunization status of children < 1 among families
surveyed. Barangay 650 District V May-June 2017.

Antigen No. of Targeted Children Accomplished %


BCG 11 11 100
Penta HiB 1 11 11 100
Penta HiB 2 11 11 100
Penta HiB 3 11 11 100
OPV 1 11 11 100
OPV 2 11 11 100
OPV 3 11 11 100
AMV 0 0 0

Analysis: From the families surveyed a total of 11 infants received full immunizations from the
health center. AMV tallied zero because usually it is given when the child reaches one years old.

Overall, most of the infants and even the children in the barangay have complete immunization. It
is attributed to the health promotion of the health center. They really emphasize the importance of
the immunization of their babies. They also explain that once they started the EPI schedule they
should finish it all the way. Whenever they is their schedules BHWs go to the barangay to remind
the mothers. This led to 0 incidence of childhood infections which is targeted by the EPI.

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6.4 Health Seeking Behavior
Table 18. Percentage Distribution Showing Health Seeking Behavior of Families Surveyed.
Barangay 650 District VMay- June 2017.

Health f %
Facility
Hospital 0 0
Health Center 130 100
Private Clinic 0 0
Others 0 0
Total 138 100

Analysis: Almost all of the families approach the health center initially for their health concerns,
only few seek help from hospitals or private clinics. The individuals consulting at hospitals and
private clinics are the ones who were initially seen at the health center and subsequently referred
to specialists for their condition, all of them are elderly on maintenance. These adults though still
bring their children or grandchildren whom they bring to the health center since they know the
services offered by the heath center, such as pre-natal check-ups, VIAs, EPI, Family planning
(free contraception methods), free medications (although limited), BP monitoring, Anti rabies
vaccination, Tetanus Toxoid administration, free sputum examination (DSSM) and referral to
hospitals or specialists if needed. Most of the families surveyed approach to health center due to
free health service, medication and advice only those who can afford to go to hospitals and
private clinics go there but even they bring relatives to the health center seeing its services which
are cheap if not totally free.

6.5 Source of Health Information


Table 19. Percentage Distribution Showing the Source of Health Information of families
surveyed. Barangay 650 District V May June 2017.

Source f %
Health Center 25 100

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Media 25 100
Others (word of mouth ) 25 100

Analysis: All the families surveyed receive health information from all 3 modes from the health
center or people from the health center, from media (radio, tv, flyers, internet) and word of mouth
from neighbors or relatives. However media,especially the E-media (from the Internet) now
plays a major role in the health information dissemination in this times. Internet is very accessible
even to the urban poor, and sometimes seek medical advises from search engines like google.
We as health care provider must educate our patients, that not all information from the internet
can be as reliable as personally going to a physician for valid medical advise.

6.6 Top 10 Leading Causes of Morbidity at the Health Center during January to October 2016
Table 20. Ten Leading Causes of Morbidity in Barangay 650 District V May-June 2017

Diseases f %
1. Hypertension 22 31.8
2. Diabetes Mellitus 12 17.3
3. Conjunctivitis 10 14.4
4. Pneumonia 7 10.1
5. Urinary tract infection 7 10.1
6. Acute diarrhea 4 5.7
7. HCVD 4 5.7
8. Varicella 3 4.3
Total 69 100

Analysis: The list does not include acute upper respiratory infections/viral illness or
common cold/ acute tonsillopharyngitis and dog bites which is the reason of most consultations
during May-June 2017. A comparison cannot be drawn from the list since the available statistics
is only from October 2016 to March 2017. However, generally it could be agreed that the reason
for most consultations across seasons and 2 years are lifestyle diseases, hypertension and diabetes

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mellitus with conjunctivitis as the third most common. If common cold or viral illness is included
in the list it may probably place 3rd.

The higher incidence of lifestyle disease may reflect be due to occupation of the individuals, a lot
are street vendors, drivers, maintenance personnel which entail either exposure to heat, dust, high
stress which may increase blood pressure. Drivers are more prone to DM due to mostly sitting
down and decreased exercise. Though no data regarding smoking was collected these work
populations are notorious of smoking and may play a part in contributing to Hypertension and DM.
The low income for the families may also play a role in the incidence of such lifestyle diseases.
Healthy food choices ae pricier than unhealthy choices such as canned goods, instant noodles and
biscuits, these choices are cheap, easily cooked and needs no refrigeration convenient and
affordable for most families.

Infectious diseases fill the remaining conditions still attributable to poor hygiene, crowded homes,
and poor ventilation. Also, these infectious diseases dont have vaccines so they have overtaken
the common childhood diseases targeted by immunization.

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VII. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

The health status of Barangay 650 District V May-June 2017 is fair. Since many of them are considered
below average in the economic sense meaning the income per family does not meet the basic needs
threshold compliance. Population increase leading to increasing number of dependents and the high
unemployment rate contributes largely to the burden of the laboring portion of the population. Those
employed have blue collar jobs most are tour guides, drivers and maintenance personnel all of which have
incomes barely enough to sustain a family of 3-4, which is the average among the families surveyed.

The population is literate enough most reaching high school level of education however poverty prevents
most individuals from getting college level and getting higher income jobs that may boost family income.
Health programs have good success due to abundant health information, and good literacy.

Garbage disposal, ventilation, food storage practices and housing materials can all be improved for better
health and security of the population. These will decrease rates of disease contraction and vulnerability of
families to calamities. Poverty has been a problem handed down from one generation to another and is
shared by all populations.

VIII. PROBLEMS IDENTIFIED


The top 3 problems in the population are high population increase, high dependency ratio, inadequate
ventilation and proper waste disposal. However Family Planning should be focused on since this is one
of the roots of many of the problems.

IX. SUGGESTIONS
Looking at the problems identified, one may tend to say that Family planning is the number 1 priority in
addressing these problems, however if we look into the bigger picture, we can focus on the much timely
problem like the education/information dissemination of health related teachings, howeve importance and
benefits of family planning should be greatly emphasized as well. It should also answer the concerns of
the population. The services offered by the health center should also be presented. Our approach in these
problems should be holistic, should there be a need for a meeting with the barangay officials for help

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regarding the dissemination of proper imformation through different media then we should do so. We can
take one step at a time to come up with a bigger solution.

X. ACTION PLAN
TITLE : One step at a time, towards a bigger picture.
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: Encourage residents to family planning in the communities a way to
reduce poverty and ensure health and welfare of infants
Specific Strategies/ Time Locus of Resources Evaluation
Objectives Activities Frame Responsi
bility
Provide basic Lecture 30 Barangay Lecture Question and
understanding of series with minutes/lec 650 hall or open answer on the
family planning active ture series District V area for spot during
participation discussion lecture
of target Pamphlet
population
Present benefits of Lecture with 30 Barangay Lecture Active
family planning professional minutes/lec 650 hall or open participation
s ture District area for during lectures
V discussion
Pamphlet

Present Lectures, 30 Barangay Samples Number of


contraceptive offer private minutes/lec 650 and actual participants to
methods consultation ture District contracepti actually avail
especially those at health V ves for contraception
available in the center, demo and
health center inform of to give
(include pros and free away
cons, dos and contraceptiv
donts) es

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