M ODELLING OF AN I NVOLUTE S PUR G EAR VIA F INITE E LEMENT M ETHOD
{ I BRAHIM K HALIL H USSAINI (4241606} S WINBURNE U NIVERSITY OF T ECHNOLOGY S ARAWAK C AMPUS FACULTY OF
O BJECTIVES
Is there any significant difference in bending
when the pressure angle and module of an invo-
lute spur gear is varied and what is the optimum
pressure angle (e.g., 14.5, 20 and 25 degrees) and
module (e.g., 12.7, 17.5 and 21.9mm)
1. To model the effect of pressure angle on the
bending and contact stress of an involute
spur gear
2. To model the effect of module on the bend-
ing and contact stress of an involute spur
gear
M ATERIALS & M ETHODS
The following softwares were required to com-
plete the research:
ANSYS Workbench 16
SolidWorks 2016
The following equations were used for statistical
analysis:
Ft
s =
mbY
m = d/N
(i) the load is applied at the tip a single tooth,
(ii) the applied load is static and not dynamic,
(iii) compressive forces are negligible and that
only tangential forces are considered, (iv) shear
stresses are negligible, (v) the load applied is uni-
formly distributed across the gear tooth, (vi) fric-
tional forces are negligible and (vii) stress concen-
tration at the tooth fillet is neglected.
R EFERENCES
[1] Ashish Mogrekar Vivek Karaveer and T. Pre-
man Reynold Joseph. Modeling and finite element
analysis of spur gear. Intternational Journal of Cur-
rent Engineering and Technology, 3:2, 2013.
[2] Engineers Edge. Lewis factor equation for gear
tooth calculations, 2012.
E NGINEERING , C OMPUTING & S CIENCES
I NTRODUCTION R ESULTS 1
Gear teeth often fail due to fatigue and this is Figure 1: Plot of the bending stress variation for = 20
the general incident observed. Minimizing the and m = 12.7, 17.5 and 21.9mm.
root bending stress will result in enough life en-
hancement of the gear. This is research project is
of practical significance due to the reason stated For the first case, the pressure angle is held con-
above. In mechanical power transmission, gear- stant while the module is varied. As all the other
ing is one of the most gearing is one of the most factors are a constant value, the module is in-
essential parts; so is the case in industrial rotating versely proportional to the bending stress (s
1
machinery. Extra effort has been made to enhance m ). As the module m 0, the bending stress
the durability and strength by changing the vari- s . Likewise, as the module m , the
ous parameters i.e. module and pressure angle. bending stress s 0.
For the second case, the module is held constant
while the pressure angle is varied. As the pres-
sure angle 0, the Lewis form factor Y 0
R ESULTS 2 and the bending stress s . Similarly, As
the pressure angle , the Lewis form factor
m [mm] SW [%] ANSYS [%]
Y and the bending stress s 0.
12.7 1.68 0.71
17.5 22.73 1.08
21.9 31.71 2.03
Table 1: Summary of the experimental error distribu- Figure 2: Plot of the bending stress variation for m =
tions for = 20 and m = 12.7, 17.5 and 21.9 mm. 12.7mm = 14.5 , 20 and 25 .
[deg] SW [%] ANSYS [%]
C ONCLUSION
(1) 14.5 2.15 2.7
20 2.12 2.38
The numerical study of the effect of varying pres- impractical to use. Also module has an effect on
25 21.53 16.39
sure angles and modules is what this research the size of the gear. The smaller the module, the
(2) Table 2: Summary of the experimental error distribu- project is about. It can be derived from the study smaller the gear and vice versa. It can thus be in-
tion for m= 12.7mm and = 14.5 , 20 and 25 . that pressure angles and modules are significant ferred that gears with smaller modules will have a
to gear stresses. With increasing pressure angle, higher bending as compared to gears with larger
there should be a decrease in bending stresses but modules unless compensated by changing the ma-
the extent to which the pressure angle can be in- terial property.
creased is limited if not the gear would become
F UTURE R ESEARCH C ONTACT I NFORMATION
A gear surface will tend to wear given certain ing on pitting which is the wearing due to high Email 4241606@students.swinburne.edu.my
amount of time due to (i) Pitting, (ii) Scoring and contact stress between two surfaces. Hertzian or Phone +60149358485
(iii) Abrasion. In our case we will be only focus- contact stress can also be called pitting stress.