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Automatic Over Speed Detector

Introductionc

India is a country where the maximum number of deaths occurs due to road
accidents and most of these occur due to over speeding. Manifold attempts
have been made to produce reliable and efficient means of detecting over
speeding vehicles. The hand held over speeding detector is one such device.
The disadvantage of such a device was that it was cumbersome and required
expert hands for it's operation; also by the time a speed reading is obtained,
the vehicle would long have gone.c

Thus the necessities for a more reliable and easily operable device made us
think of doing the same as a project. The special features of this device are
that it can be operated from as far as 100m and thus the over speeding
vehicle can easily be identified.Also, distinct from the conventional speed
detector, this device operates not on the echo principle or the Doppler effect,
but on highly coherent laser beams. There is also the added advantage that
it can be setup on any road and is also easily transferable.c

Overview Of The Productc

The product is a sleek hand held device that can be operated by the traffic
official whenever he observes an over speeding vehicle, to obtain the correct
speed of the vehicle. It has a 2 digit 7-segment display, which can display
speeds up to 97km/h. It also has two switches, which are used for starting
the device and for enabling it only when required. The state of the device is
indicted by three status indicating LEDs which display the following
conditions: a green LED indicating power on, an orange LED indicating the
set or enabled condition, and a red LED indicating speeds in excess of 100
km/h. c
This sleek and handy version enables the traffic official to operate the device
without any problem and with utmost ease. Moreover, the product uses only
the most commonly available CMOS ics, which facilitate easy maintenance.
The circuit in itself is very simple and easy to implement so that
troubleshooting is made very simple. The other features of the device are
that it can be easily set upon any road and can be easily transferred. Also,
since this can operate on any source of light, it is easily implementable and
guarantees satisfactory performance. c

Principle Of Operationc

The operation of "Over speed Detector" depends on the simple one-

dimensional equation of motion, i.e. speed= distance /time. It consists
basically of a source - sensor couple and a hand held device. The source-
sensor couple is placed on the road at a distance of 1m from each
other.When the operator gets a visual indication that a vehicle is over
speeding, he can initiate the device from as far as 100m.When the vehicle
cuts the first laser beam, the sensor is set and the transition pulse is
transferred to the hand held device. c

The device now starts counting from a fixed clock. When the vehicle cuts the
second laser beam, the transition pulse is again transferred to the device,
which stops the counting. What we have now obtained is the time taken for
the vehicle to cover a distance of 1m. This count is then decoded to obtain
the speed-reading. Once the speed-reading is obtained, the official can
decided whether the vehicle is over speeding or not as per the rules and
regulations pertaining to different road conditions.c