FAQ

Which types of waste can Concord Blue utilize? Concord Blue uses regenerative feedstock (waste)
from the following industries to produce clean, renewable energy: Sewage sludge cake, urban and
forestry woody biomass, tires, household garbage/municipal solid waste (MSW), bio medical waste,
manure waste or agriculture waste. Because Concord Blue plants dont depend on a single feedstock
and its cost-efficient availability, a multitude of worldwide, location-specific potential exists.

What are the possible applications for syngas? A premium, high-quality product gas which is
rich in hydrogen and delivers high heating values, it has five main applications: As fuel gas in a
gas motor for high-efficiency electric power production; for hydrogen production; for ethanol
production; as a replacement or blender for natural gas; as a raw material for synthesis gases.

What is special about the Concord Blue process compared to other waste-to-energy
technologies? Concord Blue technology is far more efficient than any other waste-to-
energy technology. Decomposition of the feedstock (pyrolysis) and refinement of the gas
produced (reforming) takes place in separate locations, allowing for more precise control of CONCORD BLUE
the process steps and ultimately increasing the overall efficiency of the plant.
Concord Blue (India) Pvt. Ltd.,
What is the difference between Concord Blue and a biogas plant? In a biogas plant, 101, Dheeraj Arma,
biomass is eaten up by micro-organisms under exclusion of air. Gas is produced as a 1st Floor, Anant Kanekar Marg,
digestive or metabolic product, referred to as fermentation or anaerobic fermentation. Bandra (E), Mumbai 400051.
Biogas mainly consists of methane and carbon dioxide and is produced at temperatures infoin@concordblue.in
below 100C. The micro-organisms are not able to digest all the material so complete www.concordblueenergy.com
conversion of organic matter (mineralization) is not possible. Concord Blue plants,
however, operate at temperatures above
500C, fully mineralizing the feedstock. Concord Blue product gas contains a large
amount of hydrogen which usually does not exist in biogas.

What kind of solid waste is left over in the Concord Blue tower? is waste water
created? The solid waste remaining in the Concord Blue Tower is mainly the mineral
components of the utilized regenerative feedstock. This process does not produce
waste water and there is no specific pollution caused by a Concord Blue plant. Organic
pollutants are completely broken down in the Concord Blue Tower and even the
remaining solid waste (ash) can even be used profitably.
Waste and energy:
Two Pressing Problems
Are heavy metals or toxic gases produced in the Concord Blue tower? Heavy
metals are not produced in the process. The gases formed during pyrolysis (thermal Earths growing population continues to face two
decomposition) of organic wastes is further refined into high quality syngas at a problems of epic proportions: waste disposal and
temperature of 950 degree C in the reformer by addition of steam. Blue Gas contains energy demand.
mainly hydrogen and is a valuable product gas which above all, is used for hydrogen or
energy production. The carbon dioxide which is still part of the syngas is CO2-neutral. Although widespread recycling is on the rise, the
During plant growth it is taken from the atmosphere for growth purposes and integrated into majority of our waste continues to end up in landfills all
the plant material. Another minor component of the syngas is carbon monoxide as well as a
over the world. As landfill costs and greenhouse gas
small amount of residual methane. Carbon monoxide (CO) as a combustible gas is an energy
emissions multiply, we face a massive economic and
source and therefore an important component of the gas produced by the Concord Blue Tower.
environmental burden for generations to come.
Where are Concord Blue plants operating? Currently two small plants are operating in Japan.
Record population growth has also brought a higher
In Mumbai, India, a Heinz Jurgen (HJ1) beta test plant is operational and an 8MW plant will
demand for energy and has substantially diminished
commence operation in July 2009. Another beta test plant (HJ2) is scheduled to begin operating in
Nevada in June 2009. An additional beta test plant (HJ3) will being operating in Turkey during mid traditional energy resources. Around the globe, people
2009. A 30MW plant (two 15MW plants) will begin operating at the end of 2009 in Herten, Germany. are searching for a way to generate carbon-neutral,
renewable, sustainable energy sources to play an
How long does it take to build a Concord Blue tower? From signing the purchase order contract to integral role in the world energy mix.
operation commencement takes 6 to 18 months, depending on location, local conditions, plant
specifications, plant volume and input material. Never before has turning waste into usable, renewable
energy been a viable, long-term option until now.
 THE CONCORD BLUE SOLUTION HIGHLIGHTS
ABOUT CONCORD BLUE ENERGY What is the Concord Blue tower?
Clean Green Energy:
Concord Blue and its revolutionary carbon-neutral waste-to-energy technology Environmentally friendly,
A comprehensive waste-solution firm, Concord Blue Energy delivers environmentally friendly, economically viable, waste-to energy
turnkey waste-to-energy solutions. As the official manufacturer and contractor for the Concord Blue Tower, we hold provides solutions for two of the worlds foremost problems: managing waste
technology
the worldwide patent and sole license for the construction and operation of the carbon-neutral waste-to-energy disposal and creating sustainable energy.
technology. Multi-Feedstock Input
Multi-feedstock technology Concord Blue uses regenerative feedstock from Capability: Utilizes any mix of
As an all-inclusive waste-solution firm, Concord Blue evaluates each clients specific needs and unique the following industries to produce clean, renewable energy: Sewage sludge organic based material
circumstances to create a custom solution for their individual success. Concord Blue is dedicated to providing its cake, urban and forestry woody biomass, household garbage/municipal solid
waste (MSW), hospital waste, manure waste or agriculture industry waste. High Value Output Product:
clients the most efficient, sustainable and economically viable waste and sewage disposal solution for a wide Hydrogen-rich, high quality
range of energy production needs. Because it doesnt depend on a single feedstock and its cost-efficient syngas
availability, a multitude of worldwide, location-specific potential exists.
Very Low Production Cost:
Green, Efficient Operating Process: Reliable and consistent, ceramic beads Operating costs = $.04 per kW
act as a stable heat carrier, moving through the process with a constant initial
Highest Input to Output Ratio:
temperature. These heat carrier beads are especially relevant when dealing
1 ton input = 1 - 1.4 MWe net
with volatile input material such as sewage, ensuring the temperature meets output
heat requirements constantly through out the process. Additionally, no
pollutants, heavy metals or waste water is created with the Concord Blue Self Sustaining Plant: No
CONCORD BLUE TOWER HOW IT WORKS process. additional fuel source needed
to operate
The Concord Blue Tower uses regenerative High Value Output: The clean syngas product created in the Concord Blue
feedstock (waste) like sewage sludge cake, woody Doesnt Require Additives: No
Tower is especially rich in hydrogen, low in tar and practically nitrogen-free. It water, fuel source, chemicals
biomass, household garbage/municipal solid waste
has many different uses, especially for renewable power generation and or bacteria
(MSW), hospital waste, manure or agriculture waste
to produce clean, renewable CO2-neutral syngas. production of hydrogen. It can also be used in hybrid operation with solar
The conversion from waste to clean syngas energy in solar thermal power plants to ensure reliable, climate-friendly High Efficiency Rate: 99.8% of
(reforming) takes place in multiple, separate operation around the clock. Additionally, the process creates a high value input material can be recycled
process steps (staged reforming). economically
biochar and ash byproduct that can be utilized within the fertilizer and
construction industries. Low space requirements
1. Pyrolyser: Decomposition of regenerative
feedstock Environmentally friendly The Concord Blue Tower is amongst the most Allothermal Process: Internal
Initially, biomass is fed into the pyrolyser at recirculation of waste heat
temperatures of approximately 600C (1100F), environmentally friendly waste-to-energy systems available. It adheres to the
strictest norms of the EPA and the European standards on Air Pollutions and increases efficiency
leading to thermal decomposition of the
feedstock (pyrolysis). 80 percent of this even ensures that major organic pollutants like dioxins and furans are cracked No Size or Volume
feedstock is then converted into a gas; 20 and eliminated in the steam reforming stage. As the handling of the Product Restrictions: Modular system
percent remains as solid material, char, which is gas is completely separated from the atmosphere, only a negligible component for scalability
subsequently used to generate the process heat of CO (a major emission in other gasification plants) reach the atmosphere. In
required by the Concord Blue Tower. Staged Reforming: Pre Heater
addition to this, no heavy metals are produced; Negligible organic rejects are
Pyrolysis Reformer
2. Steam reformer: Refinement of the pyrolysis generated from the Blue Tower which then can be utilized profitably for the
gas to high value syngas. fertilizer and construction industries. High value syngas, rich in
Subsequently, at a temperature of approx. hydrogen content is generated
950C (1700F), the gas produced in the first owing to lack of dilution as the
step is cracked and refined into a clean, CO2- 600 system is devoid of any air
neutral product gas by adding steam
(reforming). The product gas is very high in 500 500
Our emissions meet all
hydrogen (approximately 50% hydrogen premiere standards in Air
content) and low in tar. It can be filtered and 400
EPA
Standard
Pollution Control such as the
used in gas motors for electricity generation or it EPA and all European norms
can be processed to pure hydrogen or ethanol. 300 European
Standards
High Value Byproducts: As an
3. Pre-heater: Provision of process heat 200 200
Filtered -
alternate to the Syngas, the
Heat required for thermal decomposition (step Concord Blue Concord Blue Tower is also
Emissions
1) and gas refinement (step 2) is provided by 100 100 0.08
0.02
capable of generating high
24 13 50 29 50 0 0.2
10
heated ceramic beads. These ceramic beads 5 10 31 4 0 0.03 0.05 value Biochar which has
0
move through the process steps from top to 0 48 0 7.08
4.2 0 0 0 0 extensive utilization in several

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step-by-step. The solid material, char, described
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above in step 1, is burned in order to heat up
the beads. The processes can run continuously.
In doing so, the Concord Blue Tower can
produce large amounts of the high value
product gas.
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The Concord Blue plant
Please Note: These Values are non binding sample values based on biomass input enables its clients to receive
material. Emission output is directly related to input material. With proper filtration, carbon credits for fossil fuel
which is part of every turn-key Concord Blue Tower, all EPA and European emission avoidance and carbon
values are achieved, even when input material is contaminated or hazardous waste. sequestration