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Safe Injections
How to improve injection safety
in your institution
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that at least 50 percent of the world's 12 billion
injections administered each year are unsafeposing serious health risks to recipients, health
workers and the public. Most injections are given for therapeutic purposes, rather than for
immunizations and many of these "curative" injections may be unnecessary, ineffective or
inappropriate (Simonsen, 1999). Reducing unnecessary injections is one way to dramatically
improve the safety of injections in your institution.
The following pages describe how to make your institution a "safe injection zone.
Why aren't health professionals aware of the risks of unsafe injection practices?
Most health professionals understand that re-using syringes and needles can
cause cross-infection and put patients at risk. However, they are not fully aware
that unsafe injections have become an enormous public health problem. In many
cases, health workers have not been trained to problem-solve when supplies are
low, how to properly sterilize injection equipment, how to prevent needle stick
injury, and how to safely dispose off injection equipment. More importantly, they
may not understand the extent of the risk, not only to the patients, but also to
themselves, to waste handlers and to the community when they come in contact
with used and contaminated injection equipment.
Reduce the number of injections given in the curative sector by at least half.
Next, you can aim to reduce the number of injections given in the curative sector of
your institution by at least one half.
Step 6: Treat both white translucent container and red container/bag in autoclave. The
autoclave shall comply with the standards stipulated in the Rules. Under
certain circumstances, if it is unable to impart autoclaving, boiling such waste
in water for at least 10 minutes/chemical treatment may be imparted. It shall
be ensured that these treatments ensure disinfection. However, such district
Hospital/CHC/PHC etc. shall ultimately make necessary arrangements to
impart autoclaving treatment on regular basis.
Step 7: Dispose the autoclaved waste as follows :
(i) Dispose the needles and broken vials in a pit/tank made as per the design
described in figure-1.
(ii) Send the syringes and unbroken vials for recycling or landfill.
Step 8: Wash properly both autoclaved containers for reuse (the material of the
containers shall be so selected that it withstands the pressure and temperature
during autoclaving).
Step 9: Make a proper record of generation, treatment and disposal of waste to enable
preparation of annual reports to be submitted to the "Prescribed Authority" by
31st January of every year.
For high water table regions where water table is less than 6 meters beneath bottom of
the pit, a tank with above mentioned arrangements shall be made above the ground.
An introduction to the safety box
All used injection equipment should be placed in a safety box or a puncture-proof
sharps container immediately after use. Safety boxes will be provided to hospitals and
health centers for the immunization programme. If a safety box is not available, a
health worker can use locally available materials to create a functional and safe sharps
container.
If: Then
HMD Syringes are 3-pc. syringes. A three piece syringe consist of three parts namely -
plunger, barrel & gasket, while a two piece syringe consists of only plunger and barrel
A part from plunger & barrel there is No Gasket is present and hence chances of
presence of Natural Rubber leakages increase since the singular line of
chemically inert Piston which has contact of plastic plunger with barrel is very
three lines of contact which minimize thin. Quality may be OK in functioning but
chances of leakage over complete 5 shelf life not assured due to shrinkage
year shelf life of the product. occurring on exposure to extreme
temperatures at the time of storage.
The siliconsized rubber piston allow While using 2-pc. syringe one can observe
smooth motion during injection and that the barrel tends to be pushed outward
aspiration, there is no scratching of by the hard plunger seal. The plastic
the plastic barrel by the rubber gasket. plunger scratches against the inside of the
barrel and this can cause very fine plastic
debris to move along with injection into the
body. This may cause harmful
How to use Kojak Selinge AD Syringes
Step 1: Step 2:
Open the pack and take out Remove the needle cap.
syringe. Don't push plunger
forward, as otherwise
Syringe will get locked.
Step 3: Step 4:
Insert the needle into the Push the plunger for
vial and withdraw desired dosage and expel
medicament. air bubble.
Step 5: Step 6:
Inject the medicament Destroy the needle with
a needle cutter.
Step 7: Step 8:
Plunger breaks on Dispose off the syringe
withdrawal in a 'sharps' container.
Questions and Answers about Auto Disable (AD) syringes
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Injection safety is a major public health issue
Rational use of injections is needed
Technology and methods to achieve safe injections are feasible, available and
affordable
Potential for disease transmission threatens the public trust in health services
Each of us need to become advocates for safe injection practices
On AD Syringes:
www.hmdhealthcare.com