SECTION 16.

4 DOUBLE INTEGRALS IN POLAR COORDINATES 1

|||| 16.4 Double Integrals in Polar Coordinates

A Click here for answers. S Click here for solutions.

19 |||| Evaluate the given integral by changing to polar 10 13 |||| Use a double integral to find the area of the region.
coordinates.
10. The region enclosed by the cardioid r  1  sin 
1. xxR x dA, where R is the disk with center the origin and
11. The region enclosed by the lemniscate r 2  4 cos 2
radius 5
12. The region inside the circle r  3 cos  and outside the
2. xxR y dA, where R is the region in the first quadrant bounded cardioid r  1  cos 
by the circle x 2  y 2  9 and the lines y  x and y  0
13. The smaller region bounded by the spiral r  1, the circles
3. xxR xy dA,where R is the region in the first quadrant that lies r  1 and r  3, and the polar axis
between the circles x 2  y 2  4 and x 2  y 2  25

4. xxR sx 2  y 2 dA, 14 17 |||| Use polar coordinates to find the volume of the given

where R  x, y 1  x 2  y 2  9, y  0 solid.

5. xxR sinx 2  y 2  dA, 14. Under the cone z  sx 2  y 2 and above the ring
where R is the annular region 1  x 2  y 2  16 4  x 2  y 2  25
15. Under the plane 6x  4y  z  12 and above the disk with
6. xxD 1sx 2  y 2 dA, where D is the region that lies inside the
boundary circle x 2  y 2  y
cardioid r  1  sin  and outside the circle r  1
16. Inside the sphere x 2  y 2  z 2  4a 2 and outside the cylinder
7. xxD sx 2  y 2 dA,where D is the region bounded by the x 2  y 2  2ax
cardioid r  1  cos 
17. A sphere of radius a
1
8. yy

dA, where D is the region in the first

D
1  x 2
 y 2 32
quadrant enclosed by the circle x 2  y 2  16 18. Evaluate the iterated integral
3 s9x 2 y
9. xxD x 2  y 2  dA,
where D is the region bounded by the yy arctan dy dx
0 0 x
spirals r   and r  2 for 0    2

by converting to polar coordinates.
2 SECTION 16.4 DOUBLE INTEGRALS IN POLAR COORDINATES

Answers

E Click here for exercises. S Click here for solutions.

1. 0 10. 3
2


2. 9 1 1 11. 4
2
12.
3. 609
8
13. 2
4. 26
3

14. 78
5. (cos 1 cos 16)
15. 5
2
6. 2  3+4 
3
5 16. 16a 9
7. 3

 17. 4 3
3
a
8.
2
1 1
17 2
18. 94
5
9. 24
 SECTION 16.4 DOUBLE INTEGRALS IN POLAR COORDINATES 3

Solutions

E Click here for exercises. A Click here for answers.

 2  2  2  1 r=2  2
1. The region R can be described in polar coordinates as 9. 0
r2 r dr d = 0 4
r4 r=
d = 14 0 154 d
R = {(r, ) | 0 2, 0 r 5}. Thus,  5 2  
  2  5 = 3
4
0 = 34 32 5 = 245
R
x dA = 0 0 (r cos ) r dr d

 
 
2 5 2 10. By symmetry,
= 0 cos d r dr
0  /2  1sin  /2  r=1 sin
 1 3 5 A = 2 /2 0 r dr d = /2 r2 r=0 d
= [sin ]2 r 0=0
0 3  /2  
= /2 1 2 sin + sin2 d
  /4  3  /2  
2. R
y dA = 0
(r sin ) r dr d
0
= /2 1 + 12 (1 cos 2) d

 
   /2  
/4 3 2
= 0 sin d 0
r dr = /2 32 12 cos 2 d


 since 2 sin is an odd function. But
2
1 (9) = 9 1 1
= 3
2 2
2
12 cos 2 is an even function, so
 /2  /2
  /2  5 A = 0 (3 cos 2) d = 3 12 sin 2 0 = 3
2
.
3. R
xy dA = 0
(r cos ) (r sin ) r dr d
2
 /2 5
= 0 sin cos d 2 r3 dr 11. By symmetry, the two loops of the lemniscate are equal in
 /2  1 4 5 area, so
= 12 sin2 0 4
r 2  /4  2cos 2  /4  r=2cos 2
1 54 24 609
A = 2 /4 0 r dr d = /4 r2 r=0 d
= 2
4
= 8  /4  /4
= /4 4 cos 2 d = 8 0 cos 2 d
    3
4. x2 + y 2 dA = 0 1 r2 r dr d
R
= 4 sin 2]/4
0 =4
 
 3 2   3  
= 0 d 1
r dr = []0 13 r3 1 = 271
3
= 26
3

12. 3 cos = 1 + cos implies cos = 12 , so =
3
. Then by
symmetry
 2  4     4  /3  3 cos  /3  1 2 3 cos
5. 0 1
r sin r2 dr d = 2 12 cos r2 1 A=2 0 r dr d = 2 0 r 1+cos d
1+cos 2
= (cos 1 cos 16)  /3  
= 0 9 cos2 1 2 cos cos2 d
 /3  1 
= 0 8 2 (1 + cos 2) 2 cos 1 d
6. The circle r = 1 intersects the cardioid r = 1 + sin when
1 = 1 + sin = 0 or = , so = [4 + 2 sin 2 2 sin ]/3
0 =

 1   1+sin 1
D
 dA = 0 1
r dr d
x2 + y 2 r 13.
 
= 0 [r]1+sin
1

d = 0 sin d
= [ cos ]0 = 2

 2  1+cos  2
7. 0 0
r2 dr d = 0 13 (1 + cos )3 d
 2  
= 13 0 cos3 + 3 cos2 + 3 cos + 1 d
1 5 C is the point r = 1, = 1 rad; the arrow indicates the
= 3
(0 + 3 + 0 + 2) = 3
direction of increasing . B is the point r = 3,
 = 13 rad. The region, as a type I polar region, is
1
8. dA {(r, ) | 1 r 3, 0 1/r}, so by Formula 3, we
D (1 + x2 + y 2 )3/2  3  1/r 3
 /2  4 have A = 1 0
r d dr = 1 1 dr = 2.
1
= r dr d
0 0 (1 + r2 )3/2  

 
    14. V = 4x2 +y2 25
x2 + y 2 dA
/2 4 2 3/2
= 0 d 0
r 1 + r dr  2  5 53 23
  = r2 dr d = 2
/2 1/2 4
 0 2 3
= []0 1 + r2 = 2 1 1
17 = 234
= 78
0 3
4 SECTION 16.4 DOUBLE INTEGRALS IN POLAR COORDINATES

15. the xy-plane. Hence

 
V = 323
a3 2 (xa)2 +y2 a2 4a2 x2 y 2 dA
 /2  2a cos
= 32
3
a3 2 /2 0 4a2 r2 r dr d
 /2   3/2 2a cos
= 32
3
a3 2 /2 13 4a2 r2 d
0
 /2   3/2
 = 32
3
a3 23 /2 8a3 1 1 cos2 d
V = x2 +(y 1
2 1 (12 6x 4y) dA
  
2)
4
/2
  sin   = 32
3
a3 16
3
a3 /2 1 | sin |3 d
= 0 0 12r 6r2 cos 4r2 sin dr d
  But
= 0 6 sin2 2 sin3 cos 43 sin4 d  /2  /2 0
  | sin |3 d = sin3 d + sin3 d
= 52 ( sin cos ) 12 sin4 + 13 sin2 cos 0 = 5
2
/2 0 /2
 /2  0
This can also be done without calculus: the volume of this = cos + 1
3
cos3 0
cos + 1
3
cos3 /2
  
cylinder is 14 12+8
2
= 5
2
. = 4
3

16. Thus
32 3
 
V = 3
a 163
a3 4
3
= 16 3
3
a + 64 3
9
a
 
= 16a3 3+4
9

 
17. V = 2 a2 x2 y 2 dA
x2 +y2 a2
 2  a
= 2 0 0 a2 r2 r dr d
  3/2 a
x2 + y 2 = 2ax implies (x a)2 + y 2 = a2 is the equation = 4
3
a2 r2 = 4
3
a3
0

of the cylinder. Thus the region in the xy-plane is the disk

 3  9x2
x2 + y 2 4a2 less the disk (x a)2 + y 2 a2 . In polar 18. 3 0
arctan (y/x) dy dx
3 3
coordinates x2 + y 2 = 2ax becomes r = 2a cos and the = 0 0 arctan (tan ) r dr d = 0 0 r dr d
 3 
desired volume is the volume of the sphere less the volume of = 0 12 r2 0 d = 94 2 0 = 94 2

the cylinder inside the sphere. Moreover, by symmetry the

volume of the cylinder inside the sphere is twice that above