DESIGN OF CIRCULAR WATER TANK (Domical top flat base)

Name of work:- pkn

1 Tank capacity 400000 ltr Depth of water 4.00 m
2
2 Live load 1400 N/mm wt of water 9800 N/m3
3 Free board 0.20 m 200 mm
4 Conrete M 20 unit weight 25000 N/m3
scbc 7 N/mm 2 m 13.3
5 Steel fy 415 Tensile stress 115 N/mm2
6 Nominal Cover 25 mm Effective Cover 35 mm
7 Reinforcement
Dome (main / distribution ) 8 mm F 160 mm c/c both way

Ring Beam Main 20 mm F 4 Nos.

two ldge srirrups 8 mm F 260 mm c/c

Vertivcal (Water side ) 12 mm F 120 mm c/c

Ring bars (both direction) 12 210 mm c/c

Distribution steel 8 mm F 190 mm c/c

Base slab (both direction) 20 mm F 110 mm c/c

Radial bars 30 mm F 130 mm c/c both way

8 mm f
160 mm c/c
300 2000
11600

290 20 mm f Ring 4 Nos

12 mm f Bars 240 mm c/c

4000
8 mm f 190 mm c/c

12 mm f Bars 120 mm c/c

30 mm f Bars 130 mm c/c

12 mm f 20 mm f Ring
190 mm c/c 110 mm c/c
2500 2500
440

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
 DESIGN OF CIRCULAR WATER TANK (Domical top flat base)

Tank capacity 400000 ltr Depth of water = 4.00 m

3
Live load 1400 N/mm2 wt of water = 9800 N/mm
Free board 0.20 m = 200 mm
3
Conrete M- 20 wt. of concrete = #### N/mm
scbc 7
2
N/mm m = 13.3
Steel fy 415 N/mm2 Tensile stess = 115 N/mm
2

Nominal cover 25 mm Effective cover = 35 mm

1 Design Constants:- For HYSD Bars Cocrete M = 20

sst = 115 N/mm
2 3
wt. of concrete = #### N/mm
scbc = 7 N/mm2 m = 13.3
m*c 13.3 x 7
k= = = 0.447
m*c+sst 13.3 x 7 + 115
j=1-k/3 = 1 - 0.447 / 3 = 0.851
R=1/2xc x j x k = 0.5 x 7 x 0.851 x 0.447 = 1.332

2 Dimention of tank:- Effective depth of tank = 4.00 - 0.20 = 3.80 m

x D2 400000 x 1000
If D is the inside diameter of tank, we have = x 3.80 =
4 1000 x 1000

400 x 4
\ from which D = 11.57 m say = 11.60 m
3.143 x 3.80
Provide a diameter of = 11.60 m

3 Design of roof dome:- Membrane analysis:

We shall design the top dome and ring beam on membrane analysis, analysis
considring these to be independednt of tankwall which is assumed to be freee at top, Let the rise of the
dome be = 2.00 m and its thickness = 100 mm R = 11.60 / 2 = 5.80 m
2 2 33.6 + 4
the radius r is given by = R = (2r - 2) 2 = 5.80 = (2r-2)2 = = 9.41 m
4
Self load of dome = 0.1 x 1 x 1 x #### = 2500 N/m2
Live load = 1400 N/m2
Total load = 3900 N/m2
5.8 7.41
sin f = = 0.616 and cos f = = 0.79 or f '= 38 degree
9.41 9.41
wr cos2 f + cos f -1 wr 1- cos f
Hoop stress = Maridian stress =
t 1+cos f t sin 2 f
Maximum hoop stress oqurs at f = 0
3900 x 9.41 1+1-1
and its magnitude = = 183495 N/m2 = 0.1835 N/mm2 Safe
0.1 1+1
Maximum meridian stress will be at F = f = 38 degree
3900 x 9.41 1- 0.787
and its magnitude = = 206002 N/m2 = 0.206 N/mm2 Safe
0.1 0.379
The stress are with in safe limit. However provide minimum reinforcement @ 0.3 % of area in each direction.
0.3
\ As = x 1000 x 100 = 300 mm2
100
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 8 x 8
using 8 mm bars A = = = 50 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of hoop Bars = 1000 x 50 / 300 = 167 say = 160 mm
Hence Provided 8 mm F bar, @ 160 mm c/c in both direction.

3 Design of ring beam :- The thickness of dome = 120 mm assumed

Meridional thrust per metre length of dome at its base.= 206002 x 1 x 0.12 = 24720 N/m
 Horizontal component T per metre length .= 24720 cos 38 = 24720 x 0.79 = 19466 N/m
11.60
\ hoop tension = 19466 x = 112903 steel required = 112903 / 115 = 982 mm2
2
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 20 x 20
using 20 mm bars A = = = 314 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
No.of hoop Bars = 982 / 314 = 4 No. say 4.0 No.
Hence Provided 4 No. 20 mm F Ring bar, for symetry.
Actual , Ast = 4 x 314 = 1256 mm2 Equivelent area of composite section of beam
of area of cross section A is =A+(m-1)Ash= A +( 13.3 - 1 )x 1256 = A+ 15449
112903
Allowing a stress of 1.2 N/mm2 in composite section we have = = 1.2
A + ####
From which A + 15449 = 112903 / 1.2 or A = 78637 mm2
Hence provide a Ring beam size 300 x 290 mm actual area = 87000 mm2
Provide 8 mm f strirrups @ 260 mm c/c to tie ring beam.
These ring are lapped with dome reinforcement as shown in fig.

4 Design of tank wall:-

Since dome roof has been design on membrane the analysis, the tank wall may be
assumed to be free on top. Let us the tank be ssumed to be restrained at bottom.
Let us design the wall on basis of capentors recomndations and coffiecents (Raynold hand book) given in table.
Let Thickness of Tank = 3H+5 = 3 x 4.00 + 5 = 17 cm 170 mm
H 4.00 H 4.00
= = 24 = = 0.30
dA 0.17 D 11.60
Hence from table , we get following values of coefiecentafter linear interpolation
F = 0.019 K1 = 0.43 K2 = 0.53
\ Max = FwH3 = 0.019 x 9800 x 4.00 3= 11917 N-m/m
1 x wHDK2 = 1.00 x 9800 x 4.00 x 11.60 x 0.53
TH = = 120501 N/m
2 2
L = K1 x H = 0.43 x 4.00 = 1.72 m above base
2 2
Area of ring = 120501 / 115 = 1048 mm or 524 mm both sode
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 12 x 12
using 12 mm bars A = = = 113 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of hoop Bars = 1000 x 113 / 524 = 216 say = 210 mm
Hence Provided 12 mm F bar, @ 210 mm c/c in both direction.
The spacing of ring may be increased towards the top and bottom from section of maximum hoop load.
1000 x 113
Actual , Ast = 2 x = 1077 mm2
210
120501
\ sct = 0.540 < 1.2 N/mm2
1000 x 210 +( 13.3 - 1 )x 1077 =
From B.M. point of view D =
Mf
1000 R
Using 12 mm f bars, clear cover
=
11917
1000
x
x
1000
1.33
=
25 mm, cover to the center of reinfrcement =
95 mm
31 mm
Total thickness = 95 + 31 = 126 mm say = 130 mm
however provide a minimum thickness equal to the greater of the follwing
(I) = 15 cm (II) = 17 cm (III) = 13 cm Hence provided = 17 cm
Avialable D = 170 - 31 = 139 mm
11917 x 1000
\ Actual Ast = = 876 mm2
115 x 0.85 x 139
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 113 / 876 = 129 say = 120 mm
Hence provided = 12 mm f vertical bars @ = 120 mm c/c at water side face
provide these bars upto 25% height from bottom and cutail half bars and continue the other half bars upto top.
0.30
Distribution reinforcement 0.3% of area = x 170 x 1000 = 510 mm2
100
Provide half the reinfocement near each face, Ast = 255 mm2 however , no additional reinforcement
will be provided at inner face ; the vertical steel for cantilever action will serve this purpose.
Hence proviud Asd = 255 mm2 in vertical direction in outer face.
The spacing of 8 mm f bars = 1000 x 50 / 255 = 190 mm c/c this will take care positive B.M.
5 Design of base slab:-
The bottom slab is designed as clamped at the edges.
Assumed thickness of base slab 4000 / 10 = 400 +2*cover or 400 + 50 = 450 mm
Weight of water per m2 of slab = 4.00 x 1 x 1 x 9800 = 39200 N
Self weight of slab = 0.45 x 1 x 1 x 25000 = 11250 N
Total weight = 50450 N
2
1
Circumferential moment: (MF)c = +1.pa = x 50450 x 5.80 2
= 106071 N-m
16 16
(MF)e = 0

Radial moment: (Mr)c = +1.pa2 = 106071 N-m

16
2
(Mr)e = -2.pa = -212142 N-m
16
1pa 1
Shear force = Fr = = x 50450 x 5.80 = 146305 N
2 2
The radial moment is Zero at radius given by
3 2
a 5.80
Mr = 0 = 1p(a - 3x r ) or = r = = = 3.35 m
16 3 1.732
(i.e. distance of point of contraflexures = 5.80 - 3.35 = 2.45 m form edge)

(Mr)cx1000 212142 x 1000
D= = = 399 mm
1000 x R 1000 x 1.33
using 30 mmf bars total thickness required= d + cover + f / 2
= 399 + 25 + 15 = 439 = say 440 mm
Available d = 440 - 25 - 15 = 400 mm
212142 x 1000
Ast for negative B.M. = = 5420 mm2
115 x 0.851 x 400
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 30 x 30
using 30 mm bars A = = = 707 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 707 / 5420 = 130 say = 130 mm
Hence Provided 30 mm F bar, @ 130 mm c/c from the edge to a distance of 2.50 m
at the water face of the slab. Provide two ring of above reinforcement to supports these.

check for shear :-

Fr = 146305 N
Fr 146305
\ tv = = = 0.37 N/mm2
b.d 1000 x 400
100 As 100 x 5420
= 1.23 %
b.d 1000 x 440 =
Hence for M 20 concrete and for 1.33% steel we get tc = 0.41 N/mm2
2
here tc > tv i.e. 0.41 > 0.37 N/mm Hence the slab is safe in shear
Positive B.M. using 20 mm f bars. availble d = 440 - 25 - 10 = 405 mm for one layer.
and for other layer = 405 - 20 = 385 mm
Reinfrcement for positive
106071 x 1000.00
Mr and MF is given by. Ast = = 2816 mm2
115 x 0.851 x 385
3.14xdia2 3.14 x 20 x 20
using 20 mm bars A = = = 314 mm2
4 x100 4 x 100
Spacing of Bars = 1000 x 314 / 2816 = 112 say = 110 mm
Hence Provided 20 mm F bar, @ 110 mm c/c in both direction .

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
 DESIGN OF CIRCULAR WATER TANK (Domical top flat base)

8 mm f
300 160 mm c/c
2000
11600

290 20 mm f Ring 4 Nos

12 mm f Bars 240 mm c/c

4000
8 mm f 190 mm c/c

12 mm f Bars 120 mm c/c

30 mm f Bars 130 mm c/c

12 mm f 20 mm f Ring
190 mm c/c 110 mm c/c
2500 2500
440

pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in

30 mm f Bars 130 mm c/c

20 mm f Ring 110 mm c/c both side

2.00
R= 5.80

F
f f

Fig 1
 VALUES OF DESIGN CONSTANTS
Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 Grade of concrete
Modular Ratio 18.67 13.33 10.98 9.33 8.11 7.18 tbd (N / mm2)
scbc N/mm2 5 7 8.5 10 11.5 13
m scbc 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33 93.33
(a) sst = kc 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
140 jc 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867 0.867
N/mm2 Rc 0.867 1.214 1.474 1.734 1.994 2.254
(Fe 250) Pc (%) 0.714 1 1.214 1.429 1.643 1.857
kc 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329 0.329
(b) sst = jc 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.89
190
Rc 0.732 1.025 1.244 1.464 1.684 1.903
N/mm2
Pc (%) 0.433 0.606 0.736 0.866 0.997 1.127
(c ) sst = kc 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289 0.289
230 jc 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904 0.904
N/mm2 Rc 0.653 0.914 1.11 1.306 1.502 1.698
(Fe 415) Pc (%) 0.314 0.44 0.534 0.628 0.722 0.816
(d) sst = kc 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253 0.253
275 jc 0.916 0.916 0.916 0.914 0.916 0.916
N/mm2 Rc 0.579 0.811 0.985 1.159 1.332 1.506
(Fe 500) Pc (%) 0.23 0.322 0.391 0.46 0.53 0.599

Permissible shear stress Table tv in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

100As Permissible shear stress in concrete tv N/mm2
bd M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40
< 0.15 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.2 0.2 0.2
0.25 0.22 0.22 0.23 0.23 0.23 0.23
0.50 0.29 0.30 0.31 0.31 0.31 0.32
0.75 0.34 0.35 0.36 0.37 0.37 0.38
1.00 0.37 0.39 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.42
1.25 0.40 0.42 0.44 0.45 0.45 0.46
1.50 0.42 0.45 0.46 0.48 0.49 0.49
1.75 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.50 0.52 0.52
2.00 0.44 0.49 0.51 0.53 0.54 0.55
2.25 0.44 0.51 0.53 0.55 0.56 0.57
2.50 0.44 0.51 0.55 0.57 0.58 0.60
2.75 0.44 0.51 0.56 0.58 0.60 0.62
3.00 and above 0.44 0.51 0.57 0.6 0.62 0.63

Maximum shear stress tc.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40

tc.max 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.5
 Shear stress tc Reiforcement % modification factore Table
100As 100As % fy 200 250 328
M-20 M-20
bd bd 0.0
0.14 0.17 0.17 0.14 0.05
0.15 0.18 0.18 0.15 0.10
0.16 0.18 0.19 0.18 0.15
0.17 0.18 0.2 0.21 0.20
0.18 0.19 0.21 0.24 0.25 2
0.19 0.19 0.22 0.27 0.30 1.85
0.2 0.19 0.23 0.3 0.35 1.75
0.21 0.2 0.24 0.32 0.4 1.65
0.22 0.2 0.25 0.35 0.5 2.0 1.5
0.23 0.2 0.26 0.38 0.6 1.75 1.4
0.24 0.21 0.27 0.41 0.7 1.90 1.65 1.35
0.25 0.21 0.28 0.44 0.8 1.80 1.55 1.30
0.26 0.21 0.29 0.47 0.9 1.70 1.5 1.25
0.27 0.22 0.30 0.5 1.0 1.60 1.45 1.2
0.28 0.22 0.31 0.55 1.1 1.55 1.4 1.16
0.29 0.22 0.32 0.6 1.2 1.50 1.35 1.13
0.3 0.23 0.33 0.65 1.3 1.50 1.3 1.1
0.31 0.23 0.34 0.7 1.4 1.45 1.3 1.1
0.32 0.24 0.35 0.75 1.5 1.40 1.25 1.07
0.33 0.24 0.36 0.82 1.6 1.35 1.2 1.05
0.34 0.24 0.37 0.88 1.7 1.35 1.2 1.03
0.35 0.25 0.38 0.94 1.8 1.30 1.18 1.01
0.36 0.25 0.39 1.00 1.9 1.30 1.16 1.0
0.37 0.25 0.4 1.08 2.0 1.25 1.14 0.99
0.38 0.26 0.41 1.16 2.1 1.25 1.13 0.97
0.39 0.26 0.42 1.25 2.2 1.20 1.12 0.96
0.4 0.26 0.43 1.33 2.3 1.18 1.1 0.95
0.41 0.27 0.44 1.41 2.4 1.17 1.1 0.94
0.42 0.27 0.45 1.50 2.5 1.16 1.08 0.93
0.43 0.27 0.46 1.63 2.6 1.15 1.06 0.92
0.44 0.28 0.46 1.64 2.7 1.14 1.05 0.92
0.45 0.28 0.47 1.75 2.8 1.13 1.04 0.91
0.46 0.28 0.48 1.88 2.9 1.12 1.03 0.91
0.47 0.29 0.49 2.00 3.0 1.11 1.02 0.90
0.48 0.29 0.50 2.13 3.1 1.11 1.01 0.87
0.49 0.29 0.51 2.25 3.2 1.11 1.00 0.86
0.5 0.30
0.51 0.30
0.52 0.30
0.53 0.30
0.54 0.30 Value of angle
0.55 0.31 Degree sin cos tan Degree
0.56 0.31 1 0.017 1.000 0.017 1
0.57 0.31 2 0.035 0.999 0.035 2
0.58 0.31 3 0.052 0.999 0.052 3
0.59 0.31 4 0.070 0.998 0.070 4
0.6 0.32 5 0.087 0.996 0.087 5
0.61 0.32 6 0.104 0.995 0.105 6
0.62 0.32 7 0.122 0.993 0.123 7
0.63 0.32 8 0.139 0.990 0.140 8
0.64 0.32 9 0.156 0.988 0.158 9
0.65 0.33 10 0.174 0.985 0.176 10
0.66 0.33 11 0.191 0.981 0.194 11
0.67 0.33 12 0.208 0.978 0.213 12
0.68 0.33 13 0.225 0.974 0.231 13
0.69 0.33 14 0.242 0.970 0.249 14
0.7 0.34 15 0.259 0.966 0.268 15
0.71 0.34 16 0.276 0.961 0.287 16
0.72 0.34 17 0.292 0.956 0.306 17
0.73 0.34 18 0.309 0.951 0.325 18
0.74 0.34 19 0.326 0.946 0.344 19
0.75 0.35 20 0.342 0.940 0.364 20
0.76 0.35 21 0.358 0.934 0.384 21
0.77 0.35 22 0.375 0.927 0.404 22
0.78 0.35 23 0.391 0.921 0.424 23
0.79 0.35 24 0.407 0.924 0.440 24
0.8 0.35 25 0.422 0.906 0.466 25
0.81 0.35 26 0.438 0.898 0.488 26
0.82 0.36 27 0.454 0.891 0.510 27
0.83 0.36 28 0.469 0.883 0.532 28
0.84 0.36 29 0.485 0.875 0.554 29
0.85 0.36 30 0.500 0.866 0.577 30
0.86 0.36 31 0.515 0.857 0.601 31
0.87 0.36 32 0.530 0.848 0.625 32
0.88 0.37 33 0.545 0.839 0.649 33
0.89 0.37 34 0.559 0.829 0.675 34
0.9 0.37 35 0.573 0.819 0.700 35
0.91 0.37 36 0.858 0.809 1.060 36
0.92 0.37 37 0.602 0.799 0.754 37
0.93 0.37 38 0.616 0.788 0.781 38
0.94 0.38 39 0.629 0.777 0.810 39
0.95 0.38 40 0.643 0.766 0.839 40
0.96 0.38 41 0.656 0.755 0.869 41
0.97 0.38 42 0.669 0.743 0.900 42
0.98 0.38 43 0.682 0.731 0.933 43
0.99 0.38 44 0.695 0.719 0.966 44
1.00 0.39 45 0.707 0.707 1.000 45
1.01 0.39 46 0.719 0.695 1.036 46
1.02 0.39 47 0.731 0.682 1.072 47
1.03 0.39 48 0.742 0.669 1.109 48
1.04 0.39 49 0.755 0.656 1.150 49
1.05 0.39 50 0.766 0.643 1.192 50
1.06 0.39 51 0.777 0.629 1.235 51
1.07 0.39 52 0.788 0.616 1.280 52
1.08 0.4 53 0.799 0.602 1.327 53
1.09 0.4 54 0.809 0.588 1.376 54
1.10 0.4 55 0.819 0.574 1.428 55
1.11 0.4 56 0.829 0.559 1.483 56
1.12 0.4 57 0.839 0.545 1.540 57
1.13 0.4 58 0.848 0.530 1.600 58
1.14 0.4 59 0.857 0.515 1.664 59
1.15 0.4 60 0.866 0.500 1.732 60
1.16 0.41 61 0.875 0.485 1.804 61
1.17 0.41 62 0.883 0.470 1.880 62
1.18 0.41 63 0.891 0.454 1.963 63
1.19 0.41 64 0.899 0.438 2.051 64
1.20 0.41 65 0.906 0.423 2.145 65
1.21 0.41 66 0.914 0.407 2.246 66
1.22 0.41 67 0.921 0.391 2.356 67
1.23 0.41 68 0.927 0.375 2.475 68
1.24 0.41 69 0.934 0.358 2.605 69
1.25 0.42 70 0.940 0.342 2.747 70
1.26 0.42 71 0.946 0.326 2.904 71
1.27 0.42 72 0.951 0.309 3.078 72
1.28 0.42 73 0.956 0.292 3.271 73
1.29 0.42 74 0.961 0.276 3.488 74
1.30 0.42 75 0.966 0.259 3.732 75
1.31 0.42 76 0.970 0.242 4.011 76
1.32 0.42 77 0.974 0.225 4.332 77
1.33 0.43 78 0.978 0.208 4.705 78
1.34 0.43 79 0.982 0.191 5.145 79
1.35 0.43 80 0.985 0.174 5.673 80
1.36 0.43 81 0.988 0.156 6.315 81
1.37 0.43 82 0.999 0.139 7.178 82
1.38 0.43 83 0.993 0.122 8.145 83
1.39 0.43 84 0.995 0.105 9.517 84
1.40 0.43 85 0.996 0.087 11.431 85
1.41 0.44 86 0.998 0.070 14.302 86
1.42 0.44 87 0.999 0.052 19.083 87
1.43 0.44 88 0.999 0.035 28.637 88
1.44 0.44 89 0.9998 0.017 57.295 89
1.45 0.44 90 1.000 0.000 1.000 90
1.46 0.44
1.47 0.44
1.48 0.44
1.49 0.44
Table Carpentors's coefficents for cylenlidrical tank
1.50 0.45
1.51 0.45 Factors F K1
1.52 0.45 H+dA 10 20 30 40 10
1.53 0.45 0.2 0.046 0.028 0.022 0.015 -
Value of H/D

1.54 0.45 0.3 0.032 0.019 0.014 0.01 0.55

1.55 0.45 0.4 0.024 0.014 0.01 0.007 0.5
1.56 0.45 0.5 0.02 0.02 0.009 0.006 0.45
1.57 0.45 1.0 0.012 0.006 0.005 0.003 0.37
1.58 0.45 2.0 0.006 0.003 0.002 0.002 0.3
1.59 0.45 4.0 0.004 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.27
1.60 0.45
1.61 0.45
1.62 0.45
1.63 0.46
1.64 0.46
1.65 0.46
1.66 0.46
1.67 0.46
1.68 0.46
1.69 0.46
1.70 0.46
1.71 0.46
1.72 0.46
1.73 0.46
1.74 0.46
1.75 0.47
1.76 0.47
1.77 0.47
1.78 0.47
1.79 0.47
1.80 0.47
1.81 0.47
1.82 0.47
1.83 0.47
1.84 0.47
1.85 0.47
1.86 0.47
1.87 0.47
1.88 0.48
1.89 0.48
1.90 0.48
1.91 0.48
1.92 0.48
1.93 0.48
1.94 0.48
1.95 0.48
1.96 0.48
1.97 0.48
1.98 0.48
1.99 0.48
2.00 0.49
2.01 0.49
2.02 0.49
2.03 0.49
2.04 0.49
2.05 0.49
2.06 0.49
2.07 0.49
2.08 0.49
2.09 0.49
2.10 0.49
2.11 0.49
2.12 0.49
2.13 0.50
2.14 0.50
2.15 0.50
2.16 0.50
2.17 0.50
2.18 0.50
2.19 0.50
2.20 0.50
2.21 0.50
2.22 0.50
2.23 0.50
2.24 0.50
2.25 0.51
2.26 0.51
2.27 0.51
2.28 0.51
2.29 0.51
2.30 0.51
2.31 0.51
2.32 0.51
2.33 0.51
2.34 0.51
2.35 0.51
2.36 0.51
2.37 0.51
2.38 0.51
2.39 0.51
2.40 0.51
2.41 0.51
2.42 0.51
2.43 0.51
2.44 0.51
2.45 0.51
2.46 0.51
2.47 0.51
2.48 0.51
2.49 0.51
2.50 0.51
2.51 0.51
2.52 0.51
2.53 0.51
2.54 0.51
2.55 0.51
2.56 0.51
2.57 0.51
2.58 0.51
2.59 0.51
2.60 0.51
2.61 0.51
2.62 0.51
2.63 0.51
2.64 0.51
2.65 0.51
2.66 0.51
2.67 0.51
2.68 0.51
2.69 0.51
2.70 0.51
2.71 0.51
2.72 0.51
2.73 0.51
2.74 0.51
2.75 0.51
2.76 0.51
2.77 0.51
2.78 0.51
2.79 0.51
2.80 0.51
2.81 0.51
2.82 0.51
2.83 0.51
2.84 0.51
2.85 0.51
2.86 0.51
2.87 0.51
2.88 0.51
2.89 0.51
2.90 0.51
2.91 0.51
2.92 0.51
2.93 0.51
2.94 0.51
2.95 0.51
2.96 0.51
2.97 0.51
2.98 0.51
2.99 0.51
3.00 0.51
3.01 0.51
3.02 0.51
3.03 0.51
3.04 0.51
3.05 0.51
3.06 0.51
3.07 0.51
3.08 0.51
3.09 0.51
3.10 0.51
3.11 0.51
3.12 0.51
3.13 0.51
3.14 0.51
3.15 0.51
 Permissible Bond stress Table tbd in concrete (IS : 456-2000)
Grade of concreteM-10 M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40 M-45
tbd (N / mm2) -- 0.6 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2 1.3

Development Length in tension

Grade of Plain M.S. Bars H.Y.S.D. Bars

concrete tbd (N / mm2) kd = Ld F tbd (N / mm2) kd = Ld F
M 15 0.6 58 0.96 60
M 20 0.8 44 1.28 45
M 25 0.9 39 1.44 40
M 30 1 35 1.6 36
M 35 1.1 32 1.76 33
M 40 1.2 29 1.92 30
M 45 1.3 27 2.08 28
M 50 1.4 25 2.24 26

Permissible stress in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Permission stress in compression (N/mm 2) Permissible stress in bond (Average) for
Grade of
Bending acbc Direct (acc) plain bars in tention (N/mm2)
concrete
(N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) Kg/m2 (N/mm2) in kg/m2
M 10 3.0 300 2.5 250 -- --
M 15 5.0 500 4.0 400 0.6 60
M 20 7.0 700 5.0 500 0.8 80
M 25 8.5 850 6.0 600 0.9 90
M 30 10.0 1000 8.0 800 1.0 100
M 35 11.5 1150 9.0 900 1.1 110
M 40 13.0 1300 10.0 1000 1.2 120
M 45 14.5 1450 11.0 1100 1.3 130
M 50 16.0 1600 12.0 1200 1.4 140

Maximum shear stress tc.max in concrete (IS : 456-2000)

Grade of concrete M-15 M-20 M-25 M-30 M-35 M-40

tc.max 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.5
n factore Table
415 500
2.00
1.80
1.65
1.90 1.50
1.80 1.40
1.70 1.35
1.60 1.30
1.50 1.20
1.40 1.16
1.30 1.08
1.20 1.00
1.15 0.95
1.05 0.90
1.02 0.86
1.20 0.84
0.98 0.82
0.96 0.81
0.94 0.80
0.92 0.79
0.91 0.78
0.90 0.77
0.89 0.76
0.86 0.75
0.86 0.74
0.85 0.73
0.84 0.72
0.83 0.72
0.83 0.72
0.82 0.71
0.82 0.71
0.81 0.71
0.81 0.70
0.81 0.70
0.81 0.69
0.81 0.69
0.81 0.68
0.81 0.68

sin Degree
0.017 1
0.035 2
0.052 3
0.070 4
0.087 5
0.104 6
0.122 7
0.139 8
0.156 9
0.174 10
0.191 11
0.208 12
0.225 13
0.242 14
0.259 15
0.276 16
0.292 17
0.309 18
0.326 19
0.342 20
0.358 21
0.375 22
0.391 23
0.407 24
0.422 25
0.438 26
0.454 27
0.469 28
0.485 29
0.500 30
0.515 31
0.530 32
0.545 33
0.559 34
0.573 35
0.588 36
0.602 37
0.616 38
0.629 39
0.643 40
0.656 41
0.669 42
0.682 43
0.695 44
0.707 45
0.719 46
0.731 47
0.742 48
0.755 49
0.766 50
0.777 51
0.788 52
0.799 53
0.809 54
0.819 55
0.829 56
0.839 57
0.848 58
 0.857 59
0.866 60
0.875 61
0.883 62
0.891 63
0.899 64
0.906 65
0.914 66
0.921 67
0.927 68
0.934 69
0.940 70
0.946 71
0.951 72
0.956 73
0.961 74
0.966 75
0.970 76
0.974 77
0.978 78
0.982 79
0.985 80
0.988 81
0.999 82
0.993 83
0.995 84
0.996 85
0.998 86
0.999 87
0.999 88
0.9998 89
1.000 90

oefficents for cylenlidrical tank (Reyolndhand book)

K1 K2
20 30 40 10 20 30 40
0.5 0.45 0.4 0.32 0.46 0.53 0.5
0.43 0.38 0.33 0.35 0.53 0.6 0.66
0.39 0.35 0.3 0.44 0.58 0.65 0.7
0.37 0.32 0.27 0.48 0.63 0.69 0.73
0.28 0.24 0.21 0.62 0.73 0.74 0.83
0.22 0.19 0.16 0.73 0.81 0.85 0.88
0.2 0.17 0.14 0.8 0.85 0.87 0.9
00)
M-50
1.4

fs = 120 =fy200
2.0
fs =145 =fy250
fs =190 =fy328
1.6
fs =240 =fy415
fs = 290 =fy500
1.2

0.8

0.4

0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2

Modification factore
Fig 7.1
Fs= steel stress of service load =0.58fy
for steeel
2
fy 500 = Fs 290 N/mm
2
fy 415 = Fs 240 N/mm
2
fy 328 = Fs 190 N/mm
2
fy 250 = Fs 145 N/mm
2
fy 207 = Fs 120 N/mm