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Anatolia
Babylon
chariots iron
Aryans
castes
untouchables or shudras
Brahmins
Magadha
The Verdas, which contains four collections of prayers, magical spells, and rituals, are sacred Indian literature
and a reliable source of information about Aryan life.
Mahabharata is an Indian epic that describes a struggle between two sets of cousins that took place as the
Aryans moved south.
goal is to reach every creature in
enlightenment by the world has a
following Eightfold soul, even animals
Pathleading to
nirvana
Any 3
each person has a soul
Brahman brings together all individual souls
souls are reincarnated
people eventually win escape from life on earth
karma affects the next life
Any 4
the soul would be reborn (reincarnation)
chain of new lives would continue until the soul
reached understanding
everything in life is suffering and sorrow
the cause of suffering is desire for worldly pleasure
the way to end suffering is to end desire
the Eightfold Path leads to nirvana
Followers of Jainism believe everything in the universe has a soul and should not be harmed. They practice tolerance
(accepting other people as they are) and nonviolence, and work in occupations in which they do not hurt other creatures.
traded far and wide
developed alphabet
traded wine, weapons,
metals, ivory, slaves
Abrahambecame father or first of ExodusHebrews leave Egypt led by Jews were forced into exile to Babylon
the Hebrewsmoved to the promised Moses lived as captivesknown as
land of Canaan 12 tribes slowly dissolved to 1--Judah Babylonian Captivity
Hebrews had covenant with God Hebrew religion called Judaism Persian king called Cyrus the
they promised to obey God; God Hebrews united into Israel under 3 Great freed 40,000 Jews when he
promised to protect the Hebrews strong kingsSaul, David, Solomon conquered the Babylonians.
After Solomon-Israel split
Moses led the Hebrews out of slavery and received the Ten
Commandments from God.
The area of Palestine called Canaan was home to the Hebrews, who practiced monotheism. They believed in one God, Yaweh,
who had made a covenant with Abraham to protect his descendents if they promised to obey Him.
-Confucius believed Daoismnature Shi Huangdi creates
education and civil follows a autocracydictatorship
service led to good universal force using ideas of Legalism.
government.
called Dao He starts an empire.
-Legalists stress harsh
government
He provided a model for ordered society and for
good government.
Legalism
C. Shi Huangdi, a Qin dynasty ruler, established an autocracy (dictatorship, tyranny) in which he used cruel
treatment and built the Great Wall to crush political opposition and build his empire.