FPSO Full Ship Analysis An Overview PDF

FPSO Full Ship Analysis
Integrated Strength and Hydrodynamic Analysis using Sesam
Fan (Joe) Zhang, Sesam BD Manager, DNV Software

October 15, 2012
Topics
Strength assessment of FPSOs and related software from DNV
Global modelling
Hydrodynamic analysis
Ultimate strength analysis
Submodelling
Fatigue analysis

October 15, 2012
Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved. 2
FPSO Package for design and analysis
Risk Analysis
Safeti
Hydrodynamics Topside
Seakeeping GeniE
Wave loads
HydroD
Main scantlings
Nauticus Hull
3D Hull modelling
GeniE
Fatigue
Turret Simplified, Spectral
Local analysis Nauticus Hull
GeniE Stofat
Risers
DeepC Mooring
Mimosa
Proven solutions in use by major

companies around the world
October 15, 2012
SESAM strength assessment analysis system and interfaces
Workflow manager
Modelling, structural Stability and Mooring and riser
analysis and code check wave load analysis analysis
GeniE HydroD DeepC
Model Model
Loads Results
Global analysis 1 Wave load 1 Stability 1 Analysis 1

Global analysis 2 Wave load 2 Stability 2 Analysis 2
Global analysis n Wave load n Stability n Analysis n
Local analysis

October 15, 2012
Sesam a fully integrated analysis system
1. Stability and wave load analysis 2. Pressure loads and accelerations
Wave
scatter diagram
Load transfer
Local FE analysis
5. Local stress and deflection

& fatigue
FE analysis
4. Global stress and deflection 3. Structural model loads

& fatigue screening (internal + external pressure)

October 15, 2012
Sesam Workflow Manager
Key features
- Model and file management
Benefits
- Automatic re-run of analysis hierarchy to re-produce
analysis after model updates
- Facilitate alternate engineers to re-run analysis
- Documentation/description of models and analysis
can be linked into the explorer
- Supports best engineering practice and workflow

October 15, 2012
GeniE
Key features
- Modeller for all hydrodynamic and structural applications
within the Sesam system
- User interface for FE analysis, post-processing and code
checks for both hull, topside and jacket
Benefits
- One common model for strength and hydrodynamics
- Efficient modelling and code checks within one user
environment
- Easy to implement updates and changes to geometry
and properties
- Different level of detailing of FE model derived from one
global model by adjusting mesh densities
- Mesh automatically adapts to changes in the model

October 15, 2012
HydroD
Key features
- Hydrostatics and stability calculations
- Linear and non linear hydrodynamics
Benefits
- Handling of multiple loading conditions and models through one user interface and
database
- Sharing models with structural analysis
- Direct transfer of static and dynamic loads to structural model

October 15, 2012
Analysis Overview
Task Purpose Input Output
Global modelling Make global model for Ship drawings Global FE model
hydrodynamic and Loading manual
strength analysis
Hydrodynamic Calculate loads for Global FE model Load files for
analysis fatigue and ultimate Wave data structural
strength analysis
ULS analysis Calculate hull girder Global FE model Ultimate strength
strength Snap shot load files results
from HydroD
Spectral fatigue Fatigue screening on Global FE model Calculated
analysis nominal stress Frequency domain fatigue lives
Local fatigue analysis load files from HydroD
Spectral ULS Calculate long term Global FE model Long term stress
analysis stress based on Frequency domain
spectral method load files from HydroD

October 15, 2012
Analysis Overview
strength analysis
strength analysis
from HydroD

October 15, 2012
Creating the Global Model
Model requirements Challenges
The global model is used to calculate Modelling of hull form

loads and strength and must represent
the actual properties of the ship Creating compartment and loads
For direct strength calculations Mass tuning

essential properties are
- Buoyancy and weight distribution
- Compartment loads
- Structural stiffness and strength

October 15, 2012
Global Modelling with GeniE

October 15, 2012
Benefits of GeniE for Global Modelling
One common model for hydrodynamic and
structural analysis
Geometry modelling
- Advanced surface modelling functions
- Re-use data from CAD
- Parametric modelling using JavaScript
- Use of units
Compartment and loads

- Compartments are created automatically
- GeniE calculates tank volumes and COG
- Loads are generated from compartment fillings
and automatically applied to tank boundaries
Mass tuning
- Scaling mass density to target mass

October 15, 2012
Analysis Overview
strength analysis
strength analysis
from HydroD

October 15, 2012
Hydrodynamic Analysis
Model requirements Challenges
Hull shape as real ship Obtain correct weight and mass

distribution
Correct draft and trim
Balance of loading conditions
Weight and buoyancy distribution
according to loading manual
Mass and buoyancy in balance

October 15, 2012
HydroD

October 15, 2012
Benefits of HydroD
One common program and model for
- Stability calculations
- Linear hydrodynamic analysis
- Non-linear hydrodynamic analysis
- With or without forward speed
Supports composite panel & Morrison models
Support both standalone and integrated analysis
- Models can made in HydoD or based on structural models
Loading conditions
- Multiple loading conditions by changing compartment
contents
Balancing the model
- Auto balance of loading conditions by draft and trim or
compartment fillings
Built in roll damping module
- Stochastic linearization
- Quadratic damping
Strong postprocessing and graphical results
presentation
Load transfer to FE analysis
- Snap shot or frequency domain
- With splash zone correction for fatigue

October 15, 2012
Analysis Overview
strength analysis
strength analysis
from HydroD

October 15, 2012
Ultimate Strength Analysis
Global structural analysis with load transfer
from hydrodynamic analysis
Snap shot load transfer of non linear loads
for selected design conditions
Yield and buckling check with PULS
Benefits of global analysis with direct load

transfer
- Eliminate effect of boundary conditions
- Loads applied as a simultaneous set of sea and
tank pressures according to the calculated
design wave No need for conservative and/or
uncertain assumptions
- Integrated buckling check

October 15, 2012
Design Wave Determination Example
1. Calculate long term response (100 years return period for FPSO)
100 years wave bending moment: 2.184E9 Nm
2. Find peak value, phase and corresponding peak period in transfer function
Peak value: 2.33E8 Nm
Phase angle: resp= 128 deg (relative to incoming wave)
Period: 12 s
3. The design wave is then

Amplitude 100 year response/peak value
2.184E9/2.33E8*2=18.75 m
Period 12 s
Phase: wave = 360 - resp = 360 128 = 232 deg.
Resulting values:
232 deg hogging
52 deg sagging
- Which is sagging and hogging must be evaluated separately

October 15, 2012
Verify the applied loads
Reaction forces Sestra.lis
- Reacting forces close to zero compared to the global excitation forces (<~1%)
- E.g. stillwater load case
Max Fz < mass*g/100

October 15, 2012
Verification of applied loads
Visual check using Xtract
- Pressure mapping - external and internal pressures
- Deflections
- Nominal stress level

October 15, 2012
Verification of applied loads
Global sectional loads Cutres
- Cutres calculates and integrates the force distribution of cross sections and is ideal to
evaluate the hull girder shear forces and bending moments
- Large deviations Improper load balance
- Small deviations will occur since HydroD only consider vertical loads (mass) from internal tank
pressures
- NB! Check position of neutral axis in HydroD sections and Cutres results
Vertical shear force distribution Vertical bending moment distribution
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Vertical bending moment

Vertical shear force
WASIM WASIM
CUTRES CUTRES
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Distance from AP Distance from AP

October 15, 2012
Cutres main features
Relevant for long and narrow structures that may be viewed as beams, e.g. ships
Two basic features:
- Presentation of stress resultant diagrams for user defined sections through the FE model
Integration of stress resultants over sections and presentation of force and moment
graphs along ship axis

October 15, 2012
Sections created in Cutres

October 15, 2012
Display section diagram

October 15, 2012
Still water bending moment

October 15, 2012
Vertical shear force and bending moment
Postresp: 2.33E8 * 9.375 = 2.18E9

Cutres: 2.207E9

October 15, 2012
Cross sections positions adjust

October 15, 2012
PULS Advanced Buckling & Panel Ultimate Limit State
PULS is a code for buckling

and ULS assessments
of stiffened and unstiffened
panels

October 15, 2012
Benefits of PULS
Py
Characteristics
- Higher accuracy than traditional rule formulations
and classic buckling theory
- Quick and easy-to-use design tool for calculation of
ULS capacity Px
- Valuable information about failure mode and

buckling pattern
- Effective to evaluate
Benefits 250
Abaqus
PULS
DNV Rules
- Design optimization with increased control of safety

200 GL Rules
margins 150
t 12 (MPa)
100
50
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
s 2 (MPa)

October 15, 2012
PULS - Element library
Un-stiffened plate element
Stiffened plate element (S3)
Corrugated plate element (K3)
Stiffened plate element (T1)

October 15, 2012
PULS Code Check in GeniE
Buckling capacity panels are
automatically generated from the plate
and beam concepts
Colour code presentation of Utilization
Factors (UF)
Support for multi-core parallel buckling
calculations
Numeric and colour code presentation
of result
Worst case - colour code presentation
of the maximum UF from all load cases
Buckling panels can be exported to
PULS Advanced Viewer and PULS
Excel for further postprocessing

October 15, 2012
Combination of still water and wave loads results
Design wave load transfer
from Wadam results in
separate result cases for
static and hydrodynamic
loads
- RC1 still water load
- RC2 wave loads
Create result combination in

GeniE
- Alternative: Combine results in
Prepost

October 15, 2012
Code check
Code check according to DNV-RP-C201 Pt 2 (PULS) by CSR Tank
Note: Default parameters are according to CSR Tank and must be modified
according to the RP

October 15, 2012
Modified CSR Tank PULS code check
FPSO ULS 3 hold or global model
- Design wave approach with direct load transfer from HydroD
or
Maximum hogging and Maximum sagging condition (according to DNV-RP-C102, App D).
- Check only longitudinal structure
- Method 1 (Ultimate Capacity), according to DNV-RP-C201 Pt 2 (PULS)
- Stiffened panel type
- Allowable usage factor = 0.8 (loadcase design condition must be harbour or seagoing)
- Meshing rules: Gross scantlings, (dont use co-centric stiffeners).

October 15, 2012
Code check result

October 15, 2012
Analysis Overview
strength analysis
strength analysis
from HydroD

October 15, 2012
Simplified vs. spectral fatigue
Simplified Spectral fatigue
Environment Long term rule Weibull distribution Actual wave scatter diagram and
energy spectrum
Wave loads
Rule formulations for accelerations, Direct calculated loads - 3D potential
pressure and moments on 10-4 theory
probability level
Stress calculations: Rule formulations for stresses. Load transfer to FE model. Complete
stress transfer function.
Rule correlations.
Hotspot stress models for SCF
Fatigue damage Based on expected largest stress Based on summation of part damage
calculation: among 10^4 cycles of a rule long term from each Rayleigh distributed sea
Weibull distribution state in scatter diagram.
October 15, 2012
Stochastic Fatigue Analysis
Wave Load Analysis
- Input: Global model, wave headings and frequencies
- Output: Load transfer functions (RAOs)
Direct Load
Transfer
Stress Response Analysis

- Input: FE models and load file from wave load analysis
- Output: FE results file with load cases describing complex
(real and imaginary) stress transfer functions (RAOs)
Fatigue Damage Calculation Stress Transfer Functions

S-N Fatigue
Curves
- Input: Stress transfer functions (FE results file), wave data
Wave scatter
- Output: Calculated fatigue life
diagram
Fatigue Life

October 15, 2012
Typical workflow
RAOs
External pressure
Hydrodynamic Hydrodynamic Rel. wave elevation
model analysis Accelerations
Full load / intermediate/ ballast
->800 complex lc
Global FE-model
RAOs
External pressure
Internal pressure
Load transfer Accelerations
Global + Adjusted pressure for
local FE- intermittent wetted areas
model
RAOs
Global structural Global stress/deflections
Global
stress/deflection
analysis Entire global model
Local model Global deflections as

Deflection transfer
boundary boundary conditions on
conditions to local model local model

October 15, 2012
Typical workflow
Stress distribution for

Local
each load case
stress/deflections Local structural
analysis RAOs
Local stress/deflections
Local stress transfer

functions
Notch stress
Geometric stress at
Input
Stress
hot spot (Hot spot stress) Hot spot location
Geometric stress
Principal hotspot Stress
Nominal stress stress extrapolation Result
Hot spot RAO
Principal hot spot stress
Input
Scatter diagram Wave scatter diagram
Wave spectrum
Fatigue SN-curve
calculations Stress RAO
=> Fatigue damage
SN data

October 15, 2012
Global Frequency Domain Analysis
Loads from HydroD
Static load case
- For verification of load balance and static
shear and bending compared to loading
manual
- Enables automatic calculation of mean
stress effect in fatigue calculartions
- Enables possibility for to calculate long
term extreme loads including static stress
Dynamic load cases

- Number of complex dynamic load cases =
number of wave headings x number of
wave periods (e.g. 12 x 25 = 300)

October 15, 2012
Pressure reduction zone
Postresp Long Term Prediction
CN 30.7
Zwl = *5.626E04/(1025*9.81)
= 4.196

October 15, 2012
Load Transfer to Global Model

October 15, 2012
Fatigue Calculation Program - Stofat
Performs stochastic (spectral) fatigue calculation
POSTPROCESSING
with loads from a hydrodynamic analysis using a
frequency domain approach
STRUCTURAL RESULTS INTERFACE FILE

Deterministic fatigue under development
RESULTS INTERFACE FILE

Stofat
Structures modelled by 3D shell and solid
Shell/plate
elements fatigue
Assess whether structure is likely to suffer failure

due to the action of repeated loading
Assessment made by SN-curve based fatigue
approach Stofat
database
Accumulates partial damages weighed over sea
states and wave directions

October 15, 2012
Global Screening Analysis
Fatigue calculations based on nominal
stress from global analysis and stress
concentration factors
Typical use
- Identify fatigue sensitive areas
- Determine critical stress concentration
factors for deck attachment and topside
supports
- Determine location of local models and fine
mesh areas
- Decide extent of reinforcements based on
SCF from local analysis

October 15, 2012
Fatigue Screening Analyses
Fatigue Damage in Lower Hopper Knuckles
- Global screening scaled by results from local analysis
Lower Hopper Knuckle
Screening Result
TBHD Pos.
Local Model Result
1.250
1.000
Fatigue Damage [-]

0.750
0.500
0.250
0.000
100425 120425 140425 160425 180425 200425 220425
Distance from AP [mm]

October 15, 2012
Det Norske Veritas AS. All rights reserved.
Global Screening

October 15, 2012
Local Fatigue Analysis
Local fine mesh model created
from global GeniE model by
changing the mesh density in
the location of the crack
Hot spot stress RAOs at the
location of the crack
established by spectral FE
calculation
Submodelling techniques is Local fine mesh model
used to transfer the results
from the global FE analysis to
the boarders of the local model
Fatigue damage/life calculated
using Stofat
Concept model with mesh densities
Calculated fatigue life

October 15, 2012
Submodelling

October 15, 2012
Fatigue Strengthening and Screening of Extent
Soft bracket added in the local model
of the stringer at crack location
Re-run sub-model analysis and
fatigue calculation to check effect of
strengthening proposal
Necessary extent of repair evaluated
by fatigue screening of global
Stress concentration factor used in Local model with new bracket Fatigue results
global screening calculated by the
ratio of long term stress from local
and global analysis
Results from fatigue screening of global model to evaluate extent of repair

October 15, 2012
Analysis Overview
strength analysis
strength analysis
from HydroD

October 15, 2012
Stochastic ULS Analysis
Challenge: Determine ULS design wave for areas subjected to a combination of different load
effects (e.g. turret area)
Typical way: Selection of one or several design waves Uncertainties
New solution with Stofat: Spectral stress analysis to determine long term stress distribution directly
Wave Load Analysis

- Input: Global model, wave headings and frequencies
- Output: Load transfer functions (RAOs)
Direct Load
Stress Response Analysis Transfer
- Input: FE models and load file from wave load analysis
- Output: FE results file with load cases describing complex (real and
imaginary) stress transfer functions (RAOs)
Stress Transfer Functions

Long Term ULS Load Calculation Wave scatter
- Input: Stress transfer functions (FE results file), wave data diagram
- Output: Calculated long term stress
Long term stress

October 15, 2012
Stofat Features and Benefits
Features
- Stochastic fatigue calculations based on wave
statistics
- Supports all common wave models
- Predefined and user defined S-N curves
- Option for implicit mean stress correction (by static
load case)
- Statistical stress response calculations
- Calculation of long term stress and extreme response
including static loads
Calculated fatigue damage by nominal stress
- Graphical presentation of fatigue results and long and user defined SCF for an LNG carrier
term stress directly on FE model
Benefits
- Unique functionality for spectral fatigue and
stochastic long term stress and extreme
response calculations
- Flexible support all your needs
- Transparent all calculation steps can be
documented
Calculated long term stress amplitude (left) and fatigue
damage (right) for the hopper knuckle in an oil tanker

October 15, 2012
Local fatigue check result

October 15, 2012
Benefits of Sesam for Advanced Analysis
Complete system Proven Solution
- Cover your needs for strength assessment of ship and offshore
structures
- 40 years of DNV experience and research put into software tools
Concept modelling
- Minimize modelling effort by re-use of models for various
analysis
- Same concept model can be used for global & local strength analysis,
stability, linear and non-linear hydrodynamic hydrodynamic analysis
Same system for offshore and maritime structures

- Minimizes the learning period and maximizes the utilisation of
your staff
Process, file and analysis management by Sesam Explorer

October 15, 2012
Safeguarding life, property
and the environment
www.dnv.com

October 15, 2012

FPSO Full Ship Analysis An Overview PDF

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FPSO Full Ship Analysis

Integrated Strength and Hydrodynamic Analysis using Sesam

Fan (Joe) Zhang, Sesam BD Manager, DNV Software