List of Common Sports related Injuries

Anatomic Mechanism of Injury Assessment Findings Sports Activity Acute Management

Area
Clavicle >Fall on shoulder or >Crepitus Football >Sling or shoulder
Fracture outstretched aram >Holds arms closely to Rugby immobilizer
>Direct blow to the the body Hockey >Ice
clavicle >Unable to raise affected Wrestling >NSAIDs
arm above head Gymnastics
>Can feel movement
both ends of clavicle

Dislocated >hyperextension >Pain Skiing >Closed reduction

Shoulder >external rotation >Lack of motion Rugby >Immobilizer
>abduction >May Feel empty Hockey >Pendulum
>blow to shoulder shoulder socket Wrestling exercises
>Fall on flexed and >Uneven Posture in
adducted arm comparison to other
>Direct Axial load to shoulder
humerus >affected arm appears
longer

Dislocated >Falling on a hand >Intense Pain Football Immobilization

Elbow with a flexed elbow >Edema Squash Ice
>Elbow >Limited motion Cycling ROM exercises
overextended >Deformity Wrestling
>Ecchymosis Gymnastics
skiing

Wrist >Falling on an >Pain Football >Ice

Sprain outstretched arm >Limited motion Rugby >Elevation
Or >edema Hockey >Immobilization
Fracture >ecchymosis Wrestlin >Gentle ROM for 4-6
>Tendernes over joint Gymnasticskiing weeks (for sprain
>Joint appears stable only)

Knee >Twisting injury that >Pain Football Ice

Sprain produces >Limited motion Rugby Elevation
incomplete tear of >edema Hockey Compression wrap
ligaments and >ecchymosis Wrestling Active ROM
capsule around the >Tendernes over joint Gymnasticskiing exercises
joint >Joint appears stable Isometric Exercises
May immobilize

Knee >Sudden forced >Pain Soccer Ice

Strain motion causing >Limited motion Swimming Elevation Rest
muscle to be >Pain aggravated by Skiing Gradual Return to
stretched beyond activity activities
 normal capacity

Meniscal >Sharp sudden pivot >Edema Hockey >Conservative:

tears of >Direct Blow to knee >Medial tear: Basketball RICE
knee >Forced internal -Pain occurs with Football -Exercising of
rotation hyperflexion, quadriceps and
>Wear from hyperextention and hamstrings
repetitive squatting turning in of knee flexed -resistive exercising
or climbing >Lateral tear: -NSAIDs
-pain occurs with -Physical Therapy
hyperflexion and Surgical:
hyperextension,and -Arthroscopy
internal rotation of foot
knee flexed
>Displaced fragment:
-Inability to extend knee;
-Positive McMurrays sign

Ankle >Inward turning on >Pain Contact Sports >Ice

Fracture sole of foot >Edema Tennis >Elevation
>Supination with >Deformity Basketball >Cast(4-6 weeks)
internal rotation >Inability to bear weight
>Pronation with
external rotation