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Figure 2.1 Typical On-Site Detention
Storages Figure 2.3 Typical Multi-Purpose
Surface Tank
Stormwater can be detained on flat roof
provided that adequate protection against Surface tanks are normally provided on
leakage is provided in the structural design of residential, commercial or industrial lots for
the building. This type of storage has limited rainwater harvesting system. These tanks
application in residential areas and is more collect rainwater from the rooftop of the
suited to commercial and industrial buildings building and store it for intended domestic
where flat roof are more common as shown use. Surface tanks may be integrated as on-
in Figure 2.2. site detention and rainwater harvesting as
illustrated in Figure 2.3.
Figure 2.2 Typical Rainwater Harvesting for Figure 2.4 Typical Below-Ground
Multi-Storey Building. Storage Tank
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A pipe package is a below-ground rainwater Quality Control Consideration
storage consisting of one or more parallel
rows of buried pipes connected by a The planning and design of rainwater
common inlet and outlet chamber (Figure harvesting system not only provide the water
2.5). The size of a pipe-package is determined for various intended uses but it can also
by the storage volume requirements and the provide the stormwater quality control aspect
physical availability of space on the site. The in urban stormwater management i.e. first
pipe package shall be installed using flush system, thus capable of providing a
minimum 900mm diameter pipe size to clean, safe and reliable water source.
facilitate inspection and maintenance. Pipes
should be laid at a minimum longitudinal First flush system remove and wash
grade of 2% to avoid standing pockets of accumulated contaminants such as bacteria,
water which can occur due to lack of molds, protozoa and heavy metals e.g. lead
precision during construction. and arsenic.