MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY

B.Sc. BOTANY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (DOULE CORE) PROGRAMME

Common Course for Botany and Biotechnology (Double Main)
Semester : I Common Course 1 Code :BO&BT1A01U

OPERATING SYSTEMS AND OFFICE AUTOMATION

Time 3 Hours Weightage 25
PART A
(Objective type weight 1 each)
Answer all questions
Multiple Choices
1. Which of the following is a secondary storage device?

(a) RAM chip (b) Floppy (c) Printer (d) ALU

2. Text data can input to a computer using

(a) Mouse (b) Light pen (c) Keyboard (d) Joystick

3. Which of the following is word processing software?

(a) Ms Word (b) Ms Excel (c) PowerPoint(d) C++

4. Identify which of the following is a network security.

(a) Super walls(b) HTML (c) MAN (d) Fire walls

State True or False

5. MS-DOS is a single user operating system.
6. Internet is a network of networks.
7. A record in a database table is also known as tuple.
8. Ms Excel is presentation software.
Match the following
9. UNIX (a) OMR
10. Super computer (b) VIRUS
11. Scanner device (c) EEPROM
12. Rain Drops (d) Weather forecasting
(e) Multi user operating system
Name the following
13. Computer destructive program.
14. Hard copy output device.
15. Both unique and not null constraints.
16. The network in between WAN and LAN.

PART B
(Short answer question weight 1 each)
Answer any FIVE of the following
17. What is registers in computer?
18. Define on line processing.
19. What is parallel processing
20. Differentiate RAM and ROM.
21. What are expansion slots?
22. What is WWW?
23. Define fire walls
24. What is word processing?
PART C
(Short essay/problem solving type weight 2 each)
Answer any FOUR of the following
25. List and explain any four input devices with their functions.
26. Define Operating System. Explain the functions of Operating system.
27. Define flowchart and their symbols. Draw a flowchart to read ten numbers (using single
variable) and find the highest and lowest number from the input.
28. List and explain the classification of computers.
29. What is computer Virus? Explain its symptoms and precautions.
30. Explain the applications of multimedia databases.

PART D
(Essay type weight 4 each)
Answer any TWO of the following

31. Draw a block diagram to represent the basic organization of a computer system and
explain each functional unit.
32. What is a computer network? With the help of diagrams list and explain different
topologies of networks.
33. What is spreadsheet application? Explain all wizards to create a chart in Ms Excel with
sample data.
 MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY
B.Sc. BOTANY & BIOTECHNOLOGY (DOUBLE CORE) PROGRAMME
Core Course for Biotechnology
Semester I BT Course 1 Code :BO&BT1BBT01U

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Time 3 hours (Weightage 25)

Part A (Answer all questions. 1weightage for a bunch of four)

1. When Hershey and Chase differentially tagged the DNA and proteins of bacteriophages
and allowed them to infect bacteria, what did the viruses transfer to the bacteria?
a) Radioactive phosphorus and sulfur
b) Radioactive sulfur
c) DNA
d) Both b and c are correct
2. If one strand of a DNA molecule has the base sequence ATTGCAT, its complementary
strand will be
a) ATGCAT
b) TAACGTA
c) GCCATGC
d) CGGTACG
3. DNA is made up of building blocks called
a) proteins
b) bases
c) nucleotides
d) deoxyribose
4. X- ray diffraction experiments conducted by led to the determination
of the structure of DNA.
a) Francis Crick
b) James Watson
c) Erwin Chargaff
d) Rosalind Franklin
5. Meselson and Stahl proved that
a) DNA is the genetic material
b) DNA is made from nucleotides
c) DNA replicates in a semiconservative manner
d) DNA is a double helix held together with base
6. DNA polymerase III can only add nucleotides to an existing chain, sois
required
a) a RNA primer
b) DNA polymerase I
c) Helicase
d) a DNA primer
7. Okazaki fragments are
a) synthesized in the 3 to 5 direction
b) found on lagging strand
c) found on leading strand
d) assembled as continuous replication
8. Each amino acid in a protein is specified by
a) several genes
b) a promoter
c) an mRNA molecule
d) a codon
9. The three nucleotide codon system can be arranged into combination
a) 16
b) 20
c) 64
d) 128
10. The TATA box in eukaryotes is a
a) core promoter
b) -35 sequence
c) -10 sequence
d) 5 cap
11. The site where RNA polymerase attaches to the DNA molecule to start the formation of
RNA is called a(n)
a) promoter
b) exon
c) intron
d) GC hairpin
12. When mRNA leaves the cells nucleous, it next becomes associated with
a) proteins
b) ribosome
c) tRNA
d) RNA polymerase
13. Prokaryotes and eukaryotes use several methods to regulate gene expression, but the
most
common method is
a) translational control
b) transcriptional control
c) post transcriptional control
d) control of m RNA passage from the nucleous
14. A(n) is a piece of DNA with a groups of genes that are transcribed
together as a unit
a) promoter
b) repressor
c) operator
d) operon
 15. The DNA sequence of a codon in a gene was changed from AAT to AAC. This type
mutation
is called
a) Point mutation
b) Insertion mutation
c) Inversion
d) Deletion
16. In Sanger-Coulson method the DNA to be sequenced is cloned into
a) pBR 322
b) pUC 8
c) M13 mp8/mp9
d) pBR 327

Part B (Answer any 5- weight 1 each)

17. What are the differences between DNA and RNA?

18. What is replisome?
19. What are the different modifications of the eukaryotic primary transcript?
20. What is central dogma of molecular genetics?
21. Functions of different RNA polymerases in eukaryotes?
22. What is promoter sequence?
23. Write short notes on Genetic code.
24. What are oncogenes

Part C (Answer any 4- weight 2 each)

25. A cell free extract is prepared from Type III S pneumococcal cells. What effect will
treatment of this extract with a) protease b) RNase c) DNase have on its subsequent
capacity to transform TypeII R cells to Type III S cells? Why?
26. Why was Griffiths work not evidence for not DNA as the genetic material, whereas the
experiment of Avery and coworkers provided direct proof that DNA carried the genetic
information?
27. Explain the mechanism of transcription termination in E.coli.
28. Draw the structure of tRNA
29. How does p53 gene protect against development of cancer?
30. Explain what a thymine dimer is? How it is formed? And how it is repaired?

Part D (Answer any 2- weight 4 each)

31. Distinguish conservative, semiconservative and dispersive modes of DNA replication.

32. Explain different types of DNA repair mechanisms.
33. Write an essay on PCR.
 MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY
B.Sc BOTANY & BIOTECHNOLOGY (DOUBLE CORE) PROGRAMME
Semester II BO Course 2 BO &BT2BBO 02U

BIOSTATISTICS
Time 3 hours Weightage 25

Part A (Answer all questions. 1Weightage for a bunch of four)

1. Statistics is concerned with

(a) Qualitative information (b) Quantitative information
(c) (a) or (b) (d) Both (a) and (b)
2. The data collected on the height of a group of students after recording their
heights with a measuring tape are
(a) Primary data (b) Secondary data
(c) Discrete data (d) Continuous data
3. Diagrammatic representation of data is done by
(a) Diagrams (b) Charts
(c) Pictures (d) All these
4. The most commonly used measure of central tendency is
(a) AM (b) Median (c) Mode (d) Both GM and HM
5. Pie chart represents the components of a factor by
(a) percentage (b)angles (c) sectors (d)circles
6. In case of an even number of observations which of the following is median?
(a) Any of the two middle-most value
(b) The simple average of these two middle values
(c) The weighted average of these two middle values
(d) Any of these
7. Dispersion measures
(a) The scatterness of a set of observations
(b) The concentration of a set of observations
(c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Neither (a) and (b)
8. Which measure of dispersion is based on the absolute deviations only?
(a) Standard deviation (b) Mean deviation
(b) Quartile deviation (d) Range
9. If all the observations are multiplied by 2, then
(a) New SD would be also multiplied by 2
(b) New SD would be half of the previous SD
(c) New SD would be increased by 2
(d) New SD would be decreased by 2
10.What are the limits of the correlation coefficient?
(a) No limit (b) 1 and 1
(c) 0 and 2, including the limits (d) 1 and 1, including the limits
11. The covariance between two variables is
(a) Strictly positive (b) Strictly negative
(c) Always 0 (d) Either positive or negative or zero
12. The probability of drawing a white ball from a bag containing 3 white and
8 ball is
(a) 3/5 (b) 3/11 (c) 8/11 (d) none
13. Correlation analysis deals with the of the relationship between two
variables.
14. The mean and variance of a poisson distribution are .
15. The ratio of the frequency of a class to the total frequency is called..
16. Whether a test is one sided or two sided depends on hypothesis.
Part B (Answer any 5- weight 1 each)
17. What are the different measures of central tendency?
18. Distinguish between census and sampling.
19. How will you differentiate a questionnaire and shedule.
20. What is the disadvantage of mean deviation?
21. Define Karl Pearson product moment correlation co-efficient?
22. What do you mean by kurtosis.
23. What is a scatter diagram?
24. Define2 distribution?
Part C (Answer any 4- weight 2 each)
25. Define Type I error?
26. Find S.D. of the following data
8 10 12 18 20 24 26 30
27. Calculate Spearmans rank correlation from the following data
X: 10 15 12 17 13 16 24 14 22
Y: 30 42 45 46 33 34 40 35 39
28. Define Skewness? What are its measures?
29. Define two uses of t-test?
30. What are the assumptions behind the Analysis of Variance?
Part D (Answer any 2- weight 4 each)

31. From the following data of heart ailment and hypertension. Examine whether
heart ailment is related to hypertension?

Heart ailment
Yes No
Yes 40 60
Hyper- 100
No 10 40
tension 50

32. An I.Q. test was administered to 5 persons before and after they were trained.
The results were as follows.
Candidate A B C D E
I.Q. before training 110 120 123 132 125
I.Q. after training 120 118 125 136 121

Test whether there is any change in I.Q. after the training programme?

33. The yield (in tonnes/ha) of three varieties of paddy selected from 5 random
samples each were given below.

Varieties V1 V2 V3
Sample No. Yield (Tonnes / ha)
1 4.3 4.1 3.1
2 4.5 3.9 3.2
3 4.6 3.8 2.9
4 5.8 3.3 3.5
5 5.9 3.4 3.6

Examine whether there is significant difference between the yields of varieties?

MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY

B.Sc. BOTANY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (DOULE CORE) PROGRAMME
Core Course for Biotechnology
Semester : II BT Course 2 Code :BO&BT2BBT02U
 BIOPHYSICS AND INSTRUMENTATION

Time 3 hours (Weightage 25)

Part A (Answer all questions. 1weightage for a bunch of four)

1. Colorimetry is based on.

2. The ratio of intensity of emergent light to that of incident light is.
3. Sphingolipids are derivatives of ..
4. .bond is the carbohydrate analogue of the peptide bond in proteins
True or False
5. According to Paulis exclusion principle, a maximum of only one electron per orbital is
allowed.
6. Transition elements are the ones with the stepwise filling of their d-orbitals
7. All biological membranes are protein-lipid complex
8. Raman effect is an absorption phenomenon
Name the following
9. The type of linkage in cellulose.
10.The magnitude of randomness or disorder in a system.
11. The measure of H+ ions in a system is called
12. Attenuation of fluorescence due to molecular collision is.
13. The ability of a system to distinguish two nearest components as separate entities
14. Atoms with same atomic number but different mass number are called
15. What is enthalpy.
16. What is an isotope.

Part B (Answer any 5- weight 1 each)

Write short notes on:
17. Electromagnetic spectrum
18. Half life
19. Gibbs free energy
20. Raman spectra
21. Redox potential
22. Action potential.
23 RIA.
24. Thermocouple.

Part C (Answer any 4- weight 2 each)

25. Write the principle of NMR spectroscopy
26. Explain AAS
27. Give an account of Fluid Mosaic Model.
28. Explain briefly the biological applications of the Chromatography.
29. Give a short account of the laws of thermodynamics
30. Distinguish between SEM and TEM.

Part D (Answer any 2- weight 4 each)

31. Give an account of the principle , construction , working and biological application of the UV
spectrophotometry
32. Principle, working and applications of electrophoretic techniques.
33. Write an essay on techniques used in radiation detection and measurements

MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY

B.Sc BOTANY & BIOTECHNOLOGY (DOUBLE CORE) PROGRAMME
Core Course of Biotechnology
Semester : II BT Course 3 Code :BO&BT2BBT03U
 RECOMBINANT DNA TECHNOLOGY
Time 3 hours Weightage 25

Part A (Answer all questions. 1Weightage for a bunch of four)

1. The tools used to cut genes in recombinant DNA technology are.
1. DNA ligases 3.reverse transcriptases
2. Helicases 4.restriction enzymes
2. Restriction enzymes that produce staggered cuts known as sticky ends are useful because:
1. blunt cuts are never desirable in DNA engineering
2. staggered cuts wont join with other DNA fragments regardless of how they were cut
3. DNA fragments cut with the same enzyme can anneal to each other
4. sticky ends allow fragment ends to reanneal, which is usually desirable
3. Which of the following vectors can carry the largest insert?
1. Plasmids 3. Phages
2. YACs and BACs 4. Cosmids
4 . seals a nick in a strand of DNA by creating a sugar phosphate bond
between the adjacent, disjointed nucleotides.
1. DNAse
2. DNA ligase
3. Restriction endonuclease
4. EcoRI
5. The process by which plasmid vectors are introduced into bacteria is called ..
1. bacterial induction
2. transformation
3. plasmolysis
4. conjugation
6. A piece of DNA is introduced into the ampicillin resistant gene of the plasmid, which
also has a tetracycline resistant gene. Bacteria transformed with this plasmid will be
....................................................
1. resistant to tetracycline only
 2. sensitive to both antibiotics
3. sensitive to tetracycline only
4. resistant to ampicillin only
7. Taq polymerase is a commonly used enzyme in PCR because this enzyme is ....
1. not prone to errors
2. thermolabile
3. thermostable
4. a faster polymerase

8. The three main steps in a PCR cycle are ..

1. denaturation, annealing, elongation
2. annealing, primer synthesis, recombination
3. polymerization, chain elongation, recombination
4. denaturation, recombination, primer synthesis
9. A primer is ..
1. a long DNA or RNA sequence that elongates the template
2. a regulator region a short distance from the 5' end of a gene
3. a short DNA or RNA molecule that acts as starting point for 3' chain growth
4. none of the above
10. A library representing the genes active in a specific cell type at a specific time (genes
being expressed) is called a:
1. chromosome-specific library
2. cDNA library
3. transposon library
4. genomic library
11. A method for analyzing long stretches of DNA, in which the end of a cloned segment
is used as a probe to identify other clones that overlap the first clone, is called:
1. library screening
2. Southern blotting
 3. chromosome walking
4. filter hybridization
12. cDNA can be synthesized from mRNA by using the following enzyme
1. Reverse transcriptase
2. Reverse transcriptase
3. S1 nuclease
4. DNA polymerase
13. A library that contains at least one copy of all the sequences represented in the
genome is:
1. expression libraries
2. genomic library
3. chromosome-specific library
4. cDNA library
14. In the Southern blot, the following component is labeled to make possible the
visualization of the DNA hybrids formed:
1. The hybridization bag
2. The probe (single stranded DNA)
3. The restriction enzymes
4. The gel used for DNA separation
15. You want to clone a fragment of DNA into a plasmid vector such as pBR322. The
plasmid is 4.36 kb long and has a single restriction site for the restriction enzyme
BamHI. If you digest pBR322 with BamHI, how many linear fragments will result?
1. Two
2. Three
3. One
4. Four

16. Dideoxy nucleoside triphosphate _____.

1. has an oxygen at the 3' carbon
 2. cannot bind to a growing DNA chain
3. has an oxygen at the 2' carbon
4. will terminate DNA synthesis when incorporated into a growing DNA strand
Part B (Answer any 5- weight 1 each)
Write short notes on:
16. Sticky ends
17. Linker
18. Type II restriction enzymes.
19. pUC 8.
20. Expression vector
21. Klenow fragment
22. In vitro mutagenesis
23. Nick translation
24. Homopolymer tailing
Part C (Answer any 4- weight 2 each)
26. What are the advantages of using a restriction enzyme with relatively few cutting
sites? When would you use such enzymes?
25. The human insulin gene contains a number of introns. In spite of the fact that
bacterial cells do not excise introns from mRNA, explain how a gene like this can be
cloned into a bacterial cell and produce insulin.
27. In a typical PCR reaction, what phenomena are occurring at temperature ranges:
(a) 90-95C, (b) 50-70C and (c) 70-75C?
28. If the sequence of base pairs along a DNA molecule occurs strictly at random, what is
the expected frequency of a specific restriction enzyme recognition sequence of the
length: (a) four bp (b) six bp
29. What is the relationship between the purine and pyrimidine bases in RNA?
30. An ampicillin-resistant, tetracycline-resistant plasmid, pBR322, is cleaved with PstI,
which cleaves within the ampicillin gene. The cut plasmid is ligated with PstI-
digested Drosophila DNA to prepare a genomic library, and the mixture is used to
 transform E. coli K12. (a) Which antibiotic should be added to the medium to select
cells that have incorporated a plasmid? (b) How can you explain the presence of
colonies that are resistant to both antibiotics?
31. Listed below are four different single strands of DNA. Which of these, in their double
stranded form, Would you expect to be cleaved by a restriction endonuclease?
a) ACTCCAGAATTCACTCCG
b) GCCTCATTCGAAGCCTGA
b) CTCGCCAATTGACTCGTC
c) ACTCCACTCCCGACTCCA
Part D (Answer any 2- weight 4 each)
32. What roles do restriction enzymes, vectors, and host cells play in recombinant DNA
studies?
33. Write an essay on different methods used for selection of recombinants.
34. Explain the method of isolation of plasmid DNA from E. coli

C.B.C.S.S. B.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION

III SEMESTER
B.Sc BOTANY-BIOTECHNOLOGY (DOUBLE MAIN)
CORE COURSE- BIOTECHNOLOGY
BO&BT 3B BT 05U- PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY
Time 3 Hrs Total Weight: 25

Part A
(Answer all questions: 1 weight for each bunch of four)
BUNCH-I
1. Increased genetic diversity following extended time in a tissue culture is a problem called

a) gene alteration

b) temporal modification

c) somaclonal variation

d) culture shock

2. A mass of dividing, undifferentiated cells in a tissue culture is called

a) a shield

b) a callus

c) an embryoid

d) an aggregate

3. Electroporation is a technique used with

a) calluses

b) pollen

c) protoplasts

d) cell suspensions

4. To produce plants that are homozygous for all traits, the best choice is

a) cell suspension culture

b) callus culture

c) anther / pollen culture

d) protoplast culture

BUNCH-II

5. Chloroplast DNA is
 a) separate from nuclear DNA

b) coded by the nucleus

c) paternally inherited

d) a subset of nuclear DNA

6. Cell suspension cultures require

a) organogenesis

b) differentiation

c) aggregation

d) disaggregation

7. If you want to use a plant tissue culture as a chemical factory for vitamins, choose

a) suspension cultures

b) callus cultures

c) organ cultures

d) protoplast cultures

8. The fastest way to a ripe tomato using tissue culture is by

a) anther / pollen culture

b) plant organ culture

c) protoplast culture

d) callus culture

BUNCH-III

9. Tools to detect polymorphism in plants are _______________ maps.

 a) RFLP and QTL

b) AFLP and PCR

c) RFLP and AFLP

d) AFLP and QTL

10. A plant useful in the study of plant genomes because of its small genome size is

a) Avena sativa

b) Petunia porodii

c) Arabidopsis thaliana

d) Pisum sativum

11. Most plant tissue cultures are initiated from

a) calluses

b) explants

c) plantlets

d) protoplasts

12. Pores in protoplasts may be opened to DNA by the application of

a) magnetism

b) enzymes

c) ultrasound

d) electricity

BUNCH-IV
13. Which of the following are mismatched?

a) cell suspension culture-somatic cell embryogenesis

b) protoplast isolation-hybrids

c) callus culture-differentiated tissues regenerate

d) all are correctly matched

14. Plant transformation is

a) when a plant grown in culture generates increased genetic variation

b) the incorporation of foreign DNA into the plant genome

c) when dedifferentiated callus cells develop into tissue that is different from the
original source tissue

d) none of the above

15. The genetic engineering of crop plants can make them healthier and more beneficial to
humans

a) True

b) False

16. Plant genomes are more complex than other eukaryotic cells at the DNA level but not
necessarily at the chromosome level.

a) True

b) False

(4 x 1 = 4)

Part B
 Answer any five - weight 1 each
Write short notes on:

17. Auxin
18. Agroinfection
19. IPR
20. Totipotency
21. WIPO

22. Cryopreservation

23. Embryo rescue

24. Organogenesis

(5 x 1 = 5)

Part C

(Answer any four- weight 2 each)

25. What is the Importance of meristem culture?

26. What is direct gene transfer?

27. What is Golden Rice? In what way it is different from the normal rice?

28. What are the advantages of getting a patent?

29. What are somalclonal variations? What is its significance in plant tissue culture?

30. What are the main areas of consideration for safety aspects in biotechnology? (4 x 2 = 8)

Part D

(Answer any two- weight 4 each)

31. What biotechnological strategies have helped us to obtain transgenic plants?

32. Write an essay on the composition and preparation of different culture medium for plant
tissue culture.
33. Write an essay on Agrobacterium mediated gene transfer. (2 x 4 = 8)
C.B.C.S.S. B.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION
Third Semester

B.Sc. Botany and Biotechnology (Double Main) Programme

CORE COURSE: Biotechnology

MICROBIOLOGY AND MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY BO&BT3BBT 04U
Time : Three Hours Total Weight :25
MODEL QUESTION PAPER

Part A
Answer all questions.Weight 1 each for a bunch of four.

BUNCH I
1.Ultraviolet radiation causes:
a) protein denaturation b) rupturing of cell membrane
c) dimerization of Thymine d) Frameshift mutation

2.In Fluorescent microscope, the source of light used is:

a) fluorescent light b) ultra- violet c) infra- red d) electron beam

3.Peptidoglycan is present in:

a) gram +ve bacteria b) gram ve bacteria c) virus d) fungi

4.Action of penicillin is by:

a) inhibiting transpeptidation enzymes
b) blocking folic acid synthesis.
c) Inhibiting RNA Polymerase.
d) None of these.

BUNCH II

5. Fimbrae is made of protein called:

a) pilin b) fimbrilin c) flagellin d) peptidoglycan

6. Microorganisms which grow at low temperature are called:

a) mesophils b) psychrophils c) thermophils d) none of the above.

7. Hot air oven is an example of :

a) Dry heat sterilization b) Moist heat sterilization
c) chemical serilization d) none of these

8. Mac Conkeys medium is an example of:

a) Differential medium b) indicator medium
 c) selective medium d) Enriched medium

BUNCH III

9. The first attempts of bacterial classification were made by :

a) Muller b) Louis Pasteur c) William Bateson d) Nageli

10. Robertsons cooked meat medium is for the growth of:

a) Aerobic organisms b) anaerobic organisms
c) Thermophiles d) Mesophiles

11. Active transport is the transport of solute molecules from a region of :

a) Higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.
b) Lower concentration to a region of higher concentration.
c) Lower concentration to a region of higher concentration with the help of
permease.
d) None of the above.

12. Sterilization by steam under pressure is carried out at temperature between:

a) 108 C and 147 C b) 160 C and 168 C
c) 98 C and 108 C d) 160 C and 190 C

BUNCH IV

13. Penicillin was discovered by:

a) Alexander Flemming b) Louis Pasteur c) Howard Florey d) Selman Waksman

14. Five Kingdom classification was proposed by:

a) R.H. Whittaker b) T.H. Morgan c) Jacques Monod d) Haeckel

15. Which of the radiation is ionisable?

a) infra red b) ultra- violet c) gamma d) visible

16. Bright Field Microscope produces:

a) A dark image against a bright background
b) Bright image in dark background
c) Both image and background are bright.
d) None of these.
(4 x 1 = 4)

Part B
Answer any five - Weight 1each
17. Prepare smears for electron microscopy
18. Write short notes on size, shape, and arrangement of cells in micro organisms.
19. What is virus?
20. What is glycocalyx?
21. Explain structure and function of flagella.
22. What is obligate parasite?
23. What is sphereoplast?
24. What is penicillin? (5X1=5)

Part C
Answer any four - Weight 2 each

25.Explain submerged fermentation and solid state fermentation.

26. Explain viral multiplication: lytic cycle and lysogenic cycle.
27. Briefly explain nutritional types of Bacteria.
28. Explain different types of staining techniques.
29. Explain TEM and SEM.
30. Explain economic importance of microbes.

(4X2=8)

Part D
Answer any two - weight 4each

31. Explain structure and types of bioreactors.

32. Explain control of microbial growth. Add a note on different methods of
sterilization.
33. Explain Genetic recombination of Bacteria: Transformation, Conjugation and
Transduction

(2X4=8)
 B.Sc. BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BOTANY (DOUBLE MAIN) PROGRAMME
SEMESTER IV COURSE 1
BO&BT4B BO 04U

PHYCOLOGY
(Model Question Paper)
Time : 3 hours Total Weight : 25
Part A
(Objective type Weight 1 each)

Answer all questions

1. Trichome characters are used for classification in

a. Cyanophyceae b. Chlorophyceae
c. Rhodophyceae d. Pheophyceae

2. Spermatangium are the male sex organ of

a. Rhodophyceae b. Chlorophyceae
c. Cyanophyceae d. Pheophyceae

3. Common photosynthetic pigments in all algae:

a. Chl a and b b. chl a and c
c. chl a and carotene d. chl b and carotene

4. Alternate name of Cyanophyceae

a. Myxophyceae b. Cyanobacteria
c. Blue Green algae d. All of the above

State true or false

5. Reserve food material in Chlorophyceae is starch

6. Life cycle in Polysiphonia is Haplodiplontic

7. Characteristic brown colour of Brown algae is due to Carotene

8. Vaucheria comes under Siphonales

Match the following

9. Agar is obtained from -------------------------- Chlorella

 10. Algae used in sewage treatment plant -------- Gracilaria

11. Algae present in red tide ----------------------- Nostoc

12. Algae commonly called as moon spit--------- Gonyaulax

Name the following

13. Kelps belong to the class

14. Algae fuel is also known as

15. Cap cells are found in:

16. Land plants are thought to be evolved from:

Part B
(Short answer questions weight 1 each)

Answer any five of the following.

17. Name the different asexual spores found in algae.

18. What are the usual criteria used for the classification of algae?
19. Explain briefly the reproductive cells in Volvox.
20. What are heterocysts?
21. What is eutrophication?
22. Give short note on Nanotechnology.
23. What are photobioreactors?
24. Differentiate between flotation and flocculation.

Part C
(Short essay/ Problem solving type weight 2 each)
Answer any four of the following

25. Give the composition of a defined algal culture medium.

26. Explain the different types of Alternation of Generations found in Algae.
27. Explain briefly the pigmentation found in algae.
28. Write the salient features of Oedogonium.
29. Describe the habit and morphology of Sargassum.
30. Write short note on the industrial significance of algae.

Part D
(Essay Type weight 4 each)
Answer any two of the following.
31. Give the classification of algae followed by F.E. Fritsch with their characters upto
Class.
32. Explain the post fertilization changes in Polysiphonia with suitable diagrams.
33. Explain the methods followed in isolation, culture and maintainence of algae.
C.B.C.S.S B. Sc Degree Examination, 2011
IV Semester B. Sc Botany and Biotechnology (Double main)
Core Course- Biotechnology
Animal Biotechnology and Nano-Biotechnology
Model Question Paper

Time: Three Hours. Total Weight: 25

Part A
Weight 1 each for a bunch of four questions
I. Answer the following in one or a few words (weight 1 each)
1. How many pentagons and hexagons are there in a bucky ball?
2. Define the term MEMS
3. Give the approximate dimension (diameter) or a typical human cell.
4. What is the ploidy of a spermatozoon?

II. True or false?

5. An ovum is haploid.
6. Cell mediated immune response involves antibodies employed by B cells.
7. Phyllosilicates is a natural nanomaterial.
8. ELISA can be used to detect food allergens.

III Name the following:-

9. The class of lymphocytes that produce antibodies.
10. A signal generated by a cell that acts back on the same cell.
11. The method of preparation of nanoparticles by formation of a colloidal suspension and
gelation.
12. Give the name of a medium commonly used in animal cell culture.

IV Answer the following in one or two sentences.

13. What is plasma acring in nanotechnology?
14. What is the typical grain size of a nanomaterial?
15. What is hybridoma technology?
16. What is IVF and ICSI in reproductive technology?
(1x4=4)
Part B
V. Write short notes on any five of the following (weight 1 each)

17. Gene knockout

18. Gene augmentation therapy
19. Nano-fluidics
20. Embryo splitting
21. Stem cells
22. Recombinant vaccines
23. Nano-tubes
24. Extracellular signal transduction by G-proteins and cAMP.
(5x1)
Part C
VI. Answer any four of the following (weight 2 each)

16. How do you evaluate the embryo quality and sex?

17. Difference between SEM and TEM?
18. What are the methods employed in gene transfer. Give an account of the common vectors
used.
19. Give the difference between a radioimmuno-assay and an enzyme immunoassay. Explain
using one example for each.
20. Give an account of aerosols, their properties and uses.
21. Explain hybridoma technology and monoclonal antibody production.
23. Give an example of gene regulation by signal transduction. Explain.
(4x2)
Part D
VII. Answer any two of the following (weight 4 each)
24. What are the characteristics of nanomaterials? Explain how nanomaterials are prepared.
25. What benefits do you find in animal or human cloning? Would you clone an animal or a
human being? Explain why?
26. If you are given an opportunity to create a transgenic sheep. What are the important
requirements? What are the steps involved? How would you create the transgenic animal?
(2x4)
 C.B.C.S.S. B.Sc. DEGREE EXAMINATION
IV SEMESTER
B.Sc BOTANY-BIOTECHNOLOGY (DOUBLE MAIN)
CORE COURSE- BIOTECHNOLOGY
BO&BT 4BBT 07U- BIOINFORMATICS

Time 3 Hrs Total Weight: 25

Part A
(Answer all questions: 1 weight for each bunch of four)

BUNCH-I

1. A graphical method for comparing two sequences.

a) Dendogram
b) Cladogram
c) Dot matrix
d) GUI
2. A non-redundant protein sequence database
a) SWISS-PROT
b) PIR
c) NCBI
d) GenBank
3. Gene regulation is mediated by a class of proteins termed
a) Chromatin
b) Transcription factors
c) DNA
d) RNA
4. What is PROSITE?
a) A database of protein motifs.
b) A search tool.
c) A database of protein structure.
d) A database of interacting proteins.

BUNCH-II

5. An algorithm used to perform local alignment

a) Needleman Wunsch algorithm
b) Smithwatermann algorithm
c) Dot matrix
d) PHYLIP
6. A data retrieval tool
a) Locus link
 b) EBI
c) EMBL
d) Blast

7. What is difference between RefSeq and GenBank

a) RefSeq includes publicly available DNA sequences.
b) Ref Seq derived from GenBank.
c) GenBank sequences derived from RefSeq.
8. A molecular visualization tool.
a) PDB
b) PIR
c) RASMOL
d) PRINTS

BUNCH-III

9. A document delivery system allowing retrieval and display of text based files.
a) GOPHER
b) GRAIL
c) FTP
d) PERL
10. In which format sequences submitted in Blast server
a) FASTA
b) ASN.1
c) MmCIF
d) PDB file format
11. Polypeptide chains of amino acid fold in to two or more compact globular clusters
Called
a) Loops
b) Motifs
c) Domains
d) Ribbons
12. Tool used to perform multiple sequence alignment
a) BLAST
b) FATA
c) Clustal W
d) PROSITE

BUNCH-IV

13. Two-dimensional gels are used to

a) Separate DNA fragments

b) Separate RNA fragments

c) Separate different proteins

 d) Separate DNA from RNA

14. Labeling a stretch of DNA according to its function is called

a) Annotation

b) Screening

c) Promoting

d) Recombinant DNA technology

15. The new area of science that seeks to catalog and analyze every protein in the human

body in order to help understand the human genome is called ..

a) Bioinformatics

b) Proteomics

c) Molecular genetics

d) Genomics

16. The most effective way to analyze variation at the whole genome level is to use

a) Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)

b) Structural DNA

c) Segmental duplication

d) Number of transposons. (4 x 1 = 4)

Part B

Answer any five - weight 1 each

Write short notes on:
17. Name two protein sequence databases.
18. Difference between global alignment and local alignment?
19. What is meant by annotation?
20. Define Unigene?
21. Define ENTREZ?
22. Difference between transcriptomics and proteomics?
23. What is motif?
24. Define Cladogram? (5 x 1 = 5)

Part C

(Answer any four- weight 2 each)

25. What is meant by Gap penalty?

26. What is Genome?
27. Explain Dot Matrix?
28. Write any two applications of Bioinformatics?
29. Explain 2D-PAGE?
30. What is meant by accession number? (4 x 2 = 8)

Part D

(Answer any two- weight 4 each)

31. Define sequence alignment? Give a note on pairwise alignment? Explain database
similarity searching tools? What does meant by scoring matrix?
32. Explain evolutionary relationship of organisms using phylogenetic analysis? What is
PHYLIP?
33. Give an account of various classification of Biological databases?
(2 x 4 = 8)
 MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY
B.Sc. BOTANY & BIOTECHNOLOGY (DOUBLE CORE) PROGRAMME
Core Course for Biotechnology
Semester V BT Course 8 Code :BO&BT5BBT08U

CELL BIOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION

Time 3 hours (Weightage 25)

Part A (Answer all questions. 1weightage for a bunch of four)

1. Ribosomes are present in ---------------------

a) Prokaryotic cells
b) Eukaryotic cells
c) Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
d) Animal cells
34. Cell organel associated with oxidative phosphorylation
a) Chloroplast
b) Mitochondrion
c) Peroxisome
d) Golgi bodies
35. The infoldings of inner mitochondrial membrane are meant for----
a) Imparting selective permeability
b) Increasing the surface area
c) Accommodating Krebs cycle enzymes
d) All of the above
36. --------- is a chemical mutagen
a) Ethidium bromide
b) Phenyl Mercuric Acetate
c) 2,4,D
d) Ethylene
37. A point mutation in which a purine is replaced by another purine is called-----
a) Transition
b) Transversion
c) Frame Shift
d) Translocation
38. Transposons are discovered by------------
a) F. Griffith
b) Watson & Crick
c) Barbara MacClintok
d) F. Meicher
39. Cell theory was proposed by-----------------------
 a) Louis Pasture
b) Sheldon and Schwann
c) Robert Hook
d) Leuwenhoek
40. In a cell cycle DNA replication occurs at ---------------------phase
a) S
b) G1
c) G2
d) G0
41. Copies of a chromosome held together at the centromere are called--------------
a) Homologous chromosomes
b) Sister chromatids
c) Non-sister Chromatids
d) Homologous chromatids
42. After fertilization the integument of the ovule become---------------------
a) Seed coat
b) Fruit wall
c) Endosperm
d) Perisperm
43. The most commonly used plant model for genetic studies is----------
a) Tomato
b) Wheat
c) Arabidopsis
d) Tobacco
44. Theory of mutation was proposed by
a) Darwin
b) Miller
c) De Vries
d) Weismann
45. Satellite DNA refers to-----------------------
a) Organelle DNA
b) Coding DNA
c) Repetitive DNA
d) Folded DNA
46. Change in the number of chromosome sets in a cell is -----------
a) Euploidy
b) Anuploidy
c) Duplication
d) Transversion

47. A species has 2n = 16 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will be there per cell in a
monosomic of the species?
a) 15
b) 17
 c) 14
d) 18
48. Change in allelic frequency due to sampling error is called ----------
a) Gene erosion
b) Genetic drift
c) Speciation
d) Isolation

Part B (Answer any 5- weight 1 each)

49. Mention any one function of Golgi bodies

50. State cell thoery
51. Define an operon
52. What are transposons?
53. Name a nematode commonly used in developmental biology studies
54. What is a mutagen?
55. What is blastula stage?
56. What is meant by progressive evolution?

Part C (Answer any 4- weight 2 each)

57. What are the major functions of cytoskeleton?

58. With the help of a diagram explain the structure of a salivary gland chromosome
59. Differentiate between inversion and translocation
60. What are stem cells?
61. State the salient features of Oparin-Haldane theory
62. What are cytoplasmic determinants?

Part D (Answer any 2- weight 4 each)

63. Explain a typical cell cycle. Add a note on the major events at each phase of the cycle
64. Explain the structure and function of the cytoskeliton
65. Write a short essay on different types of mutagens