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Abstract: This article briefly describes the practice in IR-4 analytical laboratories in compliance with EPA Good
Laboratory Practice standards. This includes testing facility, protocol and SOP, method development, method
validation, sample analysis, storage stability study, linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection and limit of
quantitation, and archives. [The Journal of American Science 2005;1(2):93-94].
Key Words: Good Laboratory Practice; GLP, IR-4; analytical laboratory; EPA, FDA, OECD; regulatory;
registration; linearity; accuracy; precision; LOD, LOQ, SOP; protocol
http://www.americanscience.org 93 editor@americanscience.org
The Journal of American Science, 1(2), 2005, Jiang, Good Laboratory Practice in Analytical Laboratory
reference standards with solvents. Other chemicals meet evaluate the method performance of the analysis that
requirements for testing purposes [4]. Records of was conducted in the study [6,8].
preparation of working standard solutions, expiration LOD and LOQ Limit of detection (LOD) and limit
dates and storage conditions are kept. of quantitation (LOQ) are important parameters that
Method development: Often the testing facility define the limitations of an analytical method and can
does not develop a method for the analytical work since also be calculated using statistical methods [6,8].
a method is always specified in the protocol and may be
available. This method may be modified according to 3. Conclusion
the testing facility conditions. Study Director approves A laboratory that has implemented a quality system
modifications to the method. has definite advantages when performing testing in
Method validation (MV): MV is required even if compliance with Good Laboratory Practice.
valid methods are used for compliance with analytical
work. Fortified samples were prepared by spiking Correspondence to:
untreated control samples with known amounts of Wayne Jiang
chemicals [4-6]. After going through the sample National Food Safety & Toxicology Center
Michigan State University
preparation process, fortified samples are analyzed.
East Lansing, MI 48824-1302
Recovery rates are calculated using amount obtained Telephone: 517-432-3100; Fax: 517-432-2098
being divided by spiked amount. Typically, the E-mail: jiangw@cvm.msu.edu
acceptable range of recovery is between 70% and 120%.
Sample analysis: Sample analysis is performed References
using the above method that has been validated. [1] Purchase IFH Fraud, errors and gamesmanship in experimental
Typically, an untreated control sample, two treated field toxicology. Toxicology 2004;1-2:1-20.
trial samples, and a fortified sample (QA sample) are [2] Engelhard T, Feller E, Nizri Z A comparison of the
analyzed. Any residue found in the untreated control complimentary and different issues in ISO/IEC 17025 and
samples indicates sample contamination or improper OECD GLP. Accreditation & QA 2003;8:208-12.
testing method. As IR-4 lab practice, residue levels in [3] Immel BK. 25 Years of Good Laboratory Practice, Biopharm
the untreated control samples should be less than LLMV International. Duluth: 2005;18:58-9.
(lowest level of method validation). QA samples are [4] Lauwaars M, Anklam E Method validation and reference
prepared by spiking untreated control samples with materials, Accreditation QA 9 2004;4-5:253-8.
known amounts of the pesticide. This amount of spiking [5] Huang SB, Stanton JS, Lin Y, et al. Analytical method for the
is set to be close to the amount that is expected to be in determination of atrazine and its dealkylated chlorotriazine
the treated trial samples. Recovery of QA spikes metabolites in water using SPE sample preparation and
indicates quality of the testing method under the GC-MSD analysis. J Ag Food Chem 2003;51:7252-8.
experimental conditions. Typically, the acceptable range [6] Jiang W, Kon, RT, Othoudt R, Leavitt RA, Geissel LD, Kumar
of recovery is between 70% and 120%. S, Gomaa E Method development and validation of bifenthrin
Storage stability study (SS): GLP projects are residues in fresh and dry cilantro foliages and cilantro seeds
sometimes long-term research projects. It is known that using GC-ECD. Bull Environ Contamin Tox 2004;73:9-14.
some pesticides decompose during a certain period of [7] King RC, Miller-Stein C, Magiera DJ, et al., Description and
time. Therefore, SS study is to ensure stability of the validation of a staggered parallel high performance liquid
pesticides during the storage period. SS samples are chromatography system for good laboratory practice level
prepared according to the protocol and lab SOPs. SS quantitative analysis by liquid chromatography/tandem mass
samples are stored under the same conditions as treated spectrometry. Rapid Comm Mass Spec 2002;16 (1):43-52.
trial samples. Analyses of SS samples are in the same [8] Corley J Best practices in establishing detection and
manner as analyses of the treated samples. quantification limits for pesticide residues in foods, Handbook
Linearity, accuracy and precision: The linear of Residue Analytical Methods for Agrochemicals. Wiley and
calibration for analyses is often used [5,7]. The Sons, New York NY 2002; chapter 1.
Linearity, accuracy and precision may be used to
http://www.americanscience.org 94 editor@americanscience.org