1

(Harold D. Skipper, Jr.)

(Georgia State University)

1.1

1.2

2

1 6














1-1

1-1

1.3

CNN



IBM

75%
8 0

Black and Skipper 1 9 9 4International Insurance Society V a l u e

Statementnd
1 3

1 - 2

1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996*

1-2 GDP1984100

*1995-1996
International Monetary Fund

1 0







80%













B a n c a s s u r a n c e



4

Exclusive Agent B r o k e r Independent Agent

Direct Respond

1.4

1.4.1

1.4.2

1.
Risk










Pure Risk
Speculative Risk
1 5

2. Risk Management

1)
2)
3)
2 5

1.4.3

(Multinational
Enterprise, MNE) M u l t i n a t i o n a l
CorporationMNCTransnational CorporationTNC

1 9 9 5 38 000 250 000
90% /5

1.4.4

2


1 9 9 2 A N D R E W

(Social Insurance) / (Private Insurance)
(Life Insurance) (Non-life Insurance)( )
(Commercial Lines Insurance) (Personal Lines Insurance)
(Direct Insurance)(Reinsurance)

1. /
2

2.
1 - 1

1-1

(Property Insurance)/ (Casualty Insurance)

(General Insurance)

1)
2)
3)
19

1)
2)
3)
4)


1 7

3.

13

1 3 ,

1011

4.


2 3
( R e i n s u r a n c e ) ( R e i n s u r e r )



(Retrocede)

1.4.5

1 3
2 0 0 12

1-2


194562619451024

51 1995 185
8

1 9 9 520 5 0
70000 16


14 000
5

(
)
15 5
1 0
9
5 4

1 5




U Ns Current Uncertainties Contrast With Eorly Optimism,
The Globe and Mail, June 27, 1995, P.A12

1) (European Union, EU) (European Community, EC)

1 5 1 3

1-1
1-1

(European Free Trade
Association, EFTA) (European Economic Area, EEA)
1 9 6 0
1995 7


2) (North American Free Trade Agreement, NAFTA)

1 9 9 7
1 9

3) (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, OECD)
2 9
1 3




(Centrally Planned Economies)
1 - 2


1-2

1 - 33 / 4

1-3
Gross Domestic Product G r o s s
National Product

(Group of Seven -G 7 )
1 0 ( G r o u p
10

of Te n-G 1 0 )
1-4 1/2

1-4

Purchasing Power Parity, PPP

market exchange rate

4) (Association of Southeast Asian Nations, ASEAN)10

(Four Ti g e r s ) Four Dragons
2 0 9 0
1 9 9 5 1997
5) (Southern Cone Common Market)1991
MERCOSUR Mercado Comun del Cono Sur


M E R C O S U R

6) Andean Group
5
(Caribbean
Community and Common Market, CARICOM)

1 - 3 G D P

1-3 (), 1995

International Monetary Fund

1 11

1.5

4

(Gross Direct Premiums
Written)1995 21 000 6 5

1-41995 29.7
2 9 . 1 2 7 . 4

*
1985~1995

1-4 1985~1995

*1 9 9 3

Swiss Reinsurance Co.1997

1-5a
3 9 . 7 3 1 . 8 1 4

1 - 5 b 4 1 . 3
24.23 21.4
1995 94.5
81.71-6
Insurance Density



(Insurance Penetration)
G D P G N P


12

a)

1985~1995

Swiss Reinsurance Co.(1997)

b)

19851995

1-5 19851995
* 1 9 9 3

Swiss Reinsurance Co.1997

1-6 1995

Swiss Reinsurance Co.1997

1-3199578 5 088
4 507 2 372 2 283
1 838 1 497

1 13

1-3 1995

3 2 372.2 1 366.6 1 005. 6
17 1 255.3 703.2 552.1

35 146.5 60.6 85.9
36 141.5 106 35.5
41 101.5 76 25.5
42 97.4 67.3 30.1
44 90.1 74.6 15.5
48 64.0 60.1 3.9
49 61.6 60.1 1.5
52 51.7 41.9 9.9
54 39.1 25.9 13.2
60 25.8 22.0 3.8
63 21.1 19.2 1.9
64 20.5 16.1 4.4
65 18.2 15.4 2.8
67 15.6 12.7 2.9

2 4 507.2 1 613.2 2 894.0
4 2 283.2 1 068.9 1 214.3
5 2 268.4 833.9 1434.5
6 1 899.2 1 136.1 763.1
7 1 809.2 479.2 1 330.0
8 1 761.1 1 221.8 539.3
9 1 740.4 853.3 887.1
10 1 694.2 615.5 1 078.7
11 1 595.3 1 019.9 575.4
12 1 557.2 867.4 689.8
14 1 341.2 585.1 756.1
16 1 304.5 695.8 608.7
18 1 237.7 607.1 630.6
23 805.5 776.9 28.6
24 688.1 405.7 282.4
26 674.4 425.0 249.4
27 529.7 300.2 229.5
30 436.3 371.7 64.6
34 180.1 92.1 88.0
37 123.0 89.5 33.5
39 111.7 105.4 6.3
43 92.3 64.7 27.6
14

()

45 71.2 65.8 5.4
47 65.6 50.2 15.4
50 59.7 39.9 19.8
56 32.5 18.3 14.2
57 31.9 21.2 10.7
75 6.3 5.6 0.7
78 3.2 2.4 0.8

1 5 088.3 1 012.5 4 075.8
15 1 337.6 295.5 1 042.1
20 1 190.8 364.7 826.1
22 813.8 318.3 495.5
25 678.5 219.2 459.3
21 904.4 493.1 411.3
29 436.5 215.3 221.2
31 220.1 192.1 28.0
32 181.2 91.9 89.3
33 180.5 152.0 28.5
38 122.9 75.2 47.7
40 111.2 97.3 13.9
46 67.6 35.4 32.2
51 55.3 45.7 9.6
53 39.8 38.3 1.5
61 22.3 19.4 2.9
62 21.9 17.6 4.3
66 16.4 9.3 7.1
72 7.5 7.0 0.5
74 6.4 1.9 4.5
76 6.1 4.2 1.9
77 3.7 2.1 1.6

28 502.5 100.6 401.9
55 34.7 32.3 2.4
58 30.3 16.5 13.8
59 29.3 23.0 6.3
68 11.0 8.5 2.5
69 9.8 7.9 1.9
70 9.7 9.3 0.4
71 8.2 6.6 1.6
73 7.1 6.6 0.5

13 1 504.9 690.6 814.3
19 1 217.5 730.8 486.7

Swiss Reinsurance Company1997

1 15

1 - 4 7 8 1 5 . 5
1 3 . 3 1 2 . 8 8

1-4 1995

7 8.60 4.95 3.65
13 6.57 3.68 2.89

34 3.50 2.62 0.88
37 3.06 1.27 1.79
42 2.31 2.17 0.14
43 2.29 1.85 0.44
47 2.04 1.69 0.35
51 1.78 1.73 0.05
53 1.74 1.20 0.54
55 1.72 1.29 0.43
54 1.73 1.48 0.25
61 1.48 0.98 0.50
63 1.35 1.23 0.12
65 1.24 0.97 0.27
67 1.12 0.91 0.21
72 0.73 0.62 0.11

4 10.45 3.74 6.71
5 10.33 3.75 6.58
6 8.93 4.18 4.75
8 8.55 3.14 5.41
10 7.76 3.39 4.37
11 7.40 1.96 5.44
14 6.42 3.84 2.58
17 5.49 3.51 1.98
18 5.25 2.57 2.68
19 5.04 2.86 2.18
21 4.91 2.62 2.29
22 4.82 2.84 1.98
23 4.77 2.34 2.43
24 4.65 3.96 0.69
25 4.65 2.59 2.06
26 4.51 3.13 1.38
30 3.83 2.41 1.42
32 3.72 3.44 0.28
36 3.09 2.98 0.11
38 2.97 2.80 0.17
39 2.69 1.96 0.73
45 2.15 1.51 0.64
16

()

46 2.06 1.37 0.69
48 2.02 1.54 0.48
50 1.95 1.30 0.65
58 1.65 0.84 0.81
64 1.34 0.75 0.59
77 0.45 0.34 0.11
78 0.40 0.36 0.04

2 13.16 2.91 10.25
3 12.78 2.54 10.24
15 5.78 3.15 2.63
16 5.53 1.79 3.74
28 4.28 2.17 2.11
29 4.25 1.30 2.95
31 3.78 1.86 1.92
33 3.51 1.37 2.14
40 2.43 1.27 1.16
44 2.24 1.89 0.35
49 2.01 0.60 1.41
52 1.78 1.43 0.35
57 1.69 1.47 0.22
60 1.52 0.86 0.66
62 1.40 0.86 0.54
66 1.17 0.80 0.37
68 0.99 0.82 0.17
69 0.84 0.73 0.11
70 0.81 0.46 0.35
73 0.72 0.63 0.09
75 0.57 0.55 0.02
76 0.48 0.45 0.03

1 15.47 3.10 12.37
20 4.94 4.60 0.34
27 4.29 2.33 1.96
35 3.33 2.68 0.65
41 2.36 1.85 0.51
56 1.71 1.59 0.12
59 1.54 1.19 0.35
,
71 0.80 0.64 0.16
74 0.67 0.64 0.03

9 7.82 3.59 4.23
12 7.21 4.33 2.88

Swiss Reinsurance Company1997

1 17

57.7
80

1.6