Vous êtes sur la page 1sur 2

Class 1: Global Manager (setting the frame)

First observe, then adjust your behavior.

What is the difference between emic and etic approaches?

Evaluate a country based on the history/art, because that is part of the culture

There is a difference between making an observation and making a judgment (individual


assignments is about observations)

How do you learn the culture of a group?


- Participating
- Observing

The culture you bring with you, influences your attitude

For a global manager it is important:


- Who am I?
- How do I approach work?
- How do I live?
assess your own values (your attitude towards work)

ethnography (cultural description)

data collection:
- Participative observations
- Interviews

Analyze:
- Search for patterns and themes
- Testing emergent interpretations (if you see something, check it with the members of
the group)

Expressions
Meaning is always depending on the on context in which artefacts are found
Contextualization means to study the symbols in the context in which they occur to
understand the culture from within ( so only in that one particular context, because it
can mean something different in another context)
Thick description (Geertz)

Emic approach: view of cultural insiders


- Aims for cultural nuances and compelxities and an understanding of intra-cultural
variations
- Can discover new concepts and developments
- Use of ethnographic immersion and detailed observations
-
- Stories!

Etic approach: vieuw of cultural outsiders:


-
- Surveys & models!

Limitations:
- Are you a researcher or really part of the group?
- Western view always

Choose your approach:


1. Positivistic/ objectivist view (what university uses) : a theory as given
e.g. Hofstede. However, he started from an emic point of view.
2. Social constructivist view: from a thick description, you can come up with new ideas
3. Inter-subjectvist view (too difficult)

Social constructionistic approach:


Focus on the actors interpretations or constructions of cultures
Looking for the meaning of cultural phenomena rather than possible relationships
among constituents
Attempt to understand culture holistically and from the perspective of the
participants, rather than through objective analysis by surveys and questionnaires
Views culture as a mental construction, which implies exporative

However, this approach is not mutual exclusive from positivistic view:


- Social constructivist approach: thick description of culture
- Positivist approach: precision and intelligible measures can lead to the clarification of
abstract

Researcher bias:
- Attribution biases
- Expectations of what is normal or to be expected
- Preferences for topics and phenomena
- Preferences for specific groups as samples/ interviewees
- Ways of conducting research (research traditions)

Dutch culture:
- Dutch humour in stand-up comedian shows
-

Vous aimerez peut-être aussi