3-day Course on

OVERVIEW OF POWER SYSTEM

PROTECTION
24 26 September 2012
Venue:
Wisma IEM Registered with HRDF
Jalan Selangor Prolus A. Registration
46000 Petaling Jaya, no. 3755
Selangor Darul Ehsan

Organised by:
IEM Training Centre Sdn. Bhd.

BEM Approved CPD Hours = 18. Ref no. IEM11/PP/026/C

INTRODUCTION

This course attempts to answer the many questions in an electrical engineers mind by describing the various
concepts of power system protection. The scope includes typical protection schemes for various transmission,
distribution and generation systems.

TARGET AUDIENCE

This course is intended for young electrical engineers responsible for medium and high voltage transmission,
distribution, industrial and commercial power systems. Participants are expected to have a basic knowledge of
power system practices.

OBJECTIVES

Learn about the various concepts of protection

Understand the applications for both time-delayed overcurrent-earth fault and high-speed differential relays
Learn about the application of discrimination to overcurrent-earth fault relays
Appreciate the different types of instrument transformers and their ratings
Appreciate the reason for different types of protections for various electrical equipment
Learn about primary, secondary and stability tests during commissioning

COURSE CONTENTS

1. An Introduction To Protection
Purpose, principles, requirements and components of protection systems. Unit and non-unit protections; main and
backup protections. What relays must do and must not do.

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2. The Most Basic Form Of Protection
Differences between overload and overcurrent. Overcurrent-earth relay (OCEF) protection schemes residual
connection, neutral CT and ZCT. Typical relays and their settings. Differences between OCEF for 3-wire and 4-wire
systems. Types of IDMT characteristics. Basis for grading. Examples of grading.

3. Concept of Differential Protection

Principle of differential protection. Percentage bias and high impedance schemes. Examples of relay settings.
Applications for transformers, feeders and busbar protection.

4. Making Sure Only The Right Relay Operates

Principle and forms of discrimination. Use of HV instantaneous OC relay for transformers. Worked example of over-
current discrimination.

5. What Happens After A Relay Operates

Analysis of various cases of right and wrong relay operations

6. Introduction to Thee-phase Fault Calculations

Using per unit system for fault computations. Estimating fault levels. Effects of fault levels.

7. Why Are There Different Types Of System Earthing

Need for earthing. Types solid and resistor earthing. Neutral earthing transformer.

8. Current & Voltage Transformers

Principle of operation. Metering and protection CTs and VTs. Connections.

9. Looking At Transformer Protection

OCEF and fuse protection. Effect of switching magnetising inrush current. Biased differential relay need for
second harmonic bias. Restricted earth fault relay. Standby earth fault protection. Buchholz, oil/winding temperature
and pressure relief relays.

10. How To Protect Feeders

Overcurrent and pilot wire protection. Use of summation transformers and effect on relay sensitivity. Effect of pilot
wire faults. Pilot wire supervision.

11. The Need for Motor Protection

Motor control and protection. Thermal overload relay - need for cold and hot characteristics. Short-circuit and
unbalance protection. Co-ordination between overload and short-circuit protections.

12. The Protection of Generators

Differences between synchronous and induction generators. Earthing of generators. Problem of fault current
decrement in generators. Use of voltage dependent overcurrent protection. Need for negative phase sequence and
field failure protection. Synchronising of generators.

13. Transmission Protection Practices

Current differential, distance, directional earth fault and busbar protections. Auto-reclose of transmission lines.

14. Testing To Make Sure That Every Thing Will Work

Need for testing. Primary and secondary injection tests. Stability tests. Functional and tripping tests.

CV OF COURSE FACILITATOR

LEE Chong Kiow is currently the director of VI Power, a Malaysian company which specialises in providing
technical training of electrical applications and performing system studies. He was previously the Engineering
Manager of a company which manufactures indoor medium- and low-voltage switchgear. Prior to that, he spent
more than 15 years working as a protection engineer in the former National Electricity Board and another five years
in a large consultancy practice. He is also a Suruhanjaya Tenaga competent/ service engineer up to 275kV.

Over the last 14 years, he has trained more than 4,000 participants from the electricity and gas utilities,
petrochemical and other industries and multi-national companies throughout Malaysia and in Singapore, Brunei and
several other countries throughout Asia on Power System Protection, Applications, Operation & Maintenance of
Electrical Equipment, Commissioning of Power Transformers, Protection & Starting of Induction Motors, Medium &
Low Voltage Switchgear, Electrical Safety and Electrical System Studies .

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***IMPORTANT NOTICE***

All registration fees must be FULLY paid before commencement of the course. IEM
Training Centre Sdn. Bhd. reserves the right to refuse entry for participant(s) who have
not paid their registration fees to attend the course. THIS REQUIREMENT WILL BE
STRICTLY ENFORCED. IEM Training Centre Sdn. Bhd. reserves the right to postpone,
reschedule, allocate or cancel the course.

Registration fees Venue

Wisma IEM
IEM member - RM 1,000.00 Jalan Selangor
Non-member - RM 1,200.00 46000 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan

OVERVIEW OF POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION

24 26 September 2012

IEM Training Centre Sdn. Bhd.

No. 33-1A (1st Floor), Jalan 52/18
P.O. Box 224 (Jalan Sultan P.O.), 46720 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan
Tel no. 03-79586851 Fax no. 03-79582851 Email: choy.iemtc@gmail.com

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