Averys

Drug Treatment
4 T H EDITION

Edited by i

Trevor M. Speight
Senior Editor
Adis International Limited
Auckland
and
A- "Xi--^'\
'. V'-"? Nicholas H.G. Holford
'l,.; ,', r,'/.Vj* Associate Professor
*'^LJh.'&>' Department of Pharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology
University of Auckland School of Medicine
Auckland

A guide to the properties, choice,

therapeutic use and economic value of
drugs in disease management

INTERNATIONAL

Adis International
Auckland Chester Frankfurt Hong Kong Madrid Milan Osaka Paris Philadelphia Sydney
Contents

Preface to Fourth Edition Hi

Preface to First Edition iv
Contributors ' . vi

Section I: Clinical Pharmacology

Chapter 1 .1
Fundamentals of Clinical Pharmacology '
F. Sjoqvist, O. Borgd, M.-L. Dahl and M.L'E. Orme
Chapter 2 . . . . . . , . . .....' 75
;. . Maternal and Fetal Clinical Pharmacology
J.G.W. Theis and G. Koren .
Chapter 3 : 127
Paediatric Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
P.D. Walson .
Chapter 4 . . ,. . . 173:
Geriatric Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
B.J. Cusack, C.P. Nielson and R.E. Vestal
Chapters . . . .-. 225
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: The Strategy of Target Concentration '
Intervention
N.H. G. Holford and S. Ten
Chapter 6 .261
Pharmacological Basis of Adverse Drug Reactions
I.R. Edwards
Chapter 7 ".'..> 301
Clinically Important Drug Interactions
D.I. Quinn and R.O. Day
Chapter 8 339
Drug Overdosage and Poisoning
J.A. Vale and A. Proudfoot
Chapter 9 371
Principles and Practice of .Pharmacoepidemiology
T.R. Einarson, U. Bergman and B.-E. Wiholm
Chapter 10 393
Pharmacoeconomics and Drug Prescribing
P.G. Davey, M. Malek, T. Dodd and T. MacDonald
Chapter 11 423
Drug Development and Approval Processes
B. Spilker

Section II: Therapeutics

Chapter 12 451
Drugs in Anaesthetic Practice and Analgesia
W. McCaughey and R.K. Mirakhur
Chapter 13 . . . : 515
Drug Use in the Critically 111
N.L. Benowitz, P. Pentel and J. Leatherman '
xi Contents

Chapter 14 '. . . . _'. . . . . . . . . . ,551

Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases
R.T. Jackson, N.W. Todd and J.S. Turner Jr
Chapter 15 .:.....:. . -. .581
Ocular Diseases - .. ' .i.V. ' ... --
R.S. AbelJr and A.D. Abel ' ' '
Chapter 16 : . . . . . . . . .". . ". '. \ . . . . . . . . 607
Diseases of the Oral Mucosa
D.J. Zegarelli
Chapter 17 631
Skin Diseases
S. Weltfriend and H.I. Maibach
Chapter 18 683
Obstetric and Gynaecological Disorders
M.H. Hall and 7. Webster
Chapter 19 : . . 725
Endocrine Diseases
ID. Caterson, S.C. Boy ages, B. Brooks, F. Capstick, R. Donnelly, J. Feely, D.J.
Handelsman, M. Lewitt, X. Qu, K.S. Steinbeck, S. Swaraj, J.R. Turtle and D.K. Yue
Chapter 20 ; 809
Cardiovascular Disorders
7.7. McNeil and H. Krum
Chapter 21 '. .- .' 897
Hypertensive Disease
A.A.J. O'Brien and C.J. Bulpitt-
Chapter 22 . 933
Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Diseases
D.W. Piper, D.J. de Carle, N.J. Talley, N.D. Gallagher, J.S. Wilson, L.W. Powell,
D. Crawford, PR. Gibson, T.C. Sorrell, J.E. Kellow m&R.K. Roberts
Chapter 23 1023
Respiratory Diseases
J.G. Douglas, J.S. Legge, J.A.R. Friend and J.C. Petrie
Chapter 24 1067
Renal Diseases
J.A.J.H. Critchley, T.Y.K. Chan and A.D. Cumming
Chapter 25 1113
Rheumatic Disorders
P.M. Brooks
Chapter 26 1163
Haematological Disorders .
M. Verstraete, R. Verhaeghe, K. Peerlinck and M.A. Boogaerts
Chapter 27 1253
Malignant Diseases
KM. Muggia and D.D. Von Hoff
Chapter 28 1295
Immune System Disorders
C. C. McCombs and R.D. deShazo
Chapter 29 1347
Neurological Diseases
M.J. Eadie
 Contents Xll

Chapter 30 1395
Psychiatric Disorders
M. Lader

Chapter 31 , . . . r .: . : : ; ; ; . 1455
Infectious Diseases (Bacterial and Fungal): Principles and Practice of. -
Antimicrobial Therapy
R.N. Jones, M.A. Pfaller and M.G. Cormican

Chapter 32 .1515
Viral Diseases
B.G. Gazzard

Chapter 33 1545
Sexually Transmissible Diseases
W.R. Bowie ,

Chapter 34 1583
Diseases of a Tropical Environment
K. Krishnaswamy

Section III: Appendices . . . . . . .

AppendixA 1629
Pharmacokinetic Drug Data
W. Taeschner a n d S. Vozeh

Appendix B 1665
G u i d e to Clinically M o r e I m p o r t a n t D r u g Interactions -.-.,_
D.I. Quinn and R.O. Day , ' . . '

Appendix C 1701
Guide to Safety of Drugs in Breast Feeding
E.J. Begg, H.C. Atkinson and B.A. Darlow

Appendix D 1725
Guide to Drug Dosage in Renal Failure
W.M. Bennett . . .

Appendix E . . . 1757
Nomogram Method of Dose Estimation in Renal Failure
L. Dettli

Appendix F _ '. 1761

Guide to Drug Dosage in Hepatic Disease
M.F.Hebert

Appendix G : ,1793
Clearance and Volume Method of Dose Prediction
N.H.G. Holford ' ' ' ' .'.','

Subject Index 1799