Simplifying Algebraic Fractions

To simplify an algebraic fraction, always factorise first.

DONOT cross out terms if they are not products of both the
numerator and denominator.
Examples
4 x 28 y
1.
4

x 2 x 12
2.
x 2 x 20

x2 1
3.
x 1

Operations with Algebraic Fractions

Operations with algebraic fractions are the same as with
numerical fractions.

Add or subtract must have a common denominator.

Multiply the numerators and the denominators.
Divide reciprocate the second fraction and multiply.

Example
x 2x
1.
4 3

3x y 2 x y
2.
2 10
 1 1
3.
y 1 y

x 2 4 x x 2 6 x 16
4.
x2 x 16
2

1 1
5. 2
x 3x 28 x 10 x 21
2