Scholar Academic Ideology:

Questions Answers (Phrases or Quotes) Reference

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(Page No.)
Aims:What is the Induction of the child into an academic discipline 17
purpose of education? Initiate and acculturate children into a discipline. 18
To perpetuate society by acculturating children into 35
our societys cultural traditions and way of life.
To become good citizens 13

Student: What is the As a creature of intellect, as a mind empty capable 41 42

nature of student? of being filled , as neophytes in the disciplines of
knowledge
An immature member of an academic discipline, as 42
sponges capable of absorbing the ideas and ways of
thinking

Learning: What is the As a receiver of the disciplines knowledge 43

role of the learner Students engaged in the same type of activity as the 44
scholar doing research.
Actively engaged in observation, constructing 16
hypotheses and discussing what they observed.
Put themselves in the roles of people they studied
and ask questions.

Teaching: What is the Accultrate students into a discipline and transmit the 45 - 46
role of the teacher? discipline to the students. Help students acquire
organized knowledge , intellectual skills and a
greater depth of understanding of the knowledge
Mini-scholars interpreting and presenting a 47
discipline to students

Knowledge: What is Claim by one of the academic disciplines as 39

knowledge? belonging to its domain .
Carrying substansive and methodological aspects of 40
a discipline. Instructive or didactic. A representation
of reality.
Knowledge that can be externalized, objectified and 41
impersonalized within objective reality is of worth.

Evaluation: What does Objective. High stakes testing for grading, using the 47
evaluation look like? results to compare schools and school districts.
Measure studentsability to re-present to members of 48
the discipline. To certify.Ranking of evaluees
through norm referenced test,
Formative evaluation focuses on overall effect of 49
learning experience and provides feedback.

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Social Efficiency Ideology
Questions Answers Reference
(Page No)
Aims: What is the To efficiently and scientifically carry out a task for 176
purpose of education? a client (often society)
To fulfil the needs of a client, to teach growing 77
individuals.. to perform efficiently those
activities which constitute the latest and highest
level of civilization.

Student: What is the As entities , can develop into adults and can serve 84-85
nature of student? their society. As a worker. The work is a
development of potential abilities into actual
abilities (educational products). Work to transform
themselves into suitable educational products.

Learning: What is the Changes in the observable behaviour of learners, of 80

role of the learner? training learners to perform specific activities.
Practice the behaviour , learning by doing 82
To efficient, a learned behaviour must become so 82-83
ingrained ,learner responds automatically and in a
predetermined manner to the presence of specific
stimuli

Teaching: What is the A manager , prepare the environment in which 85

role of the teacher? students learn, supervise student work
Motivating, guiding and assessing students 86
Fit the student to the curriculum and fit the
curriculum to the student. Instruments who fulfil
client needs

Knowledge: What is the A capability for action identifiable as successful 77

role of knowledge? performance of a class of tasks. A skill to do.
Ability to act in the appropriate manner 78
Ability to fullfill needs in the objective world. 79
The most useful knowledge is the ability to perform 89
skills.

Evaluation: What does Comparing a curriculum , student, or teacher to a 88

evaluation look like? predetermined standard, criterion-referenced test.
Result pass or fail not ranking form. Summative
curriculum evaluation to evaluate curriculum
achieve a standard set for it. Formative curriculum
evaluation for decision the curriculum is
acceptable or more refinement is needed

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Learner Centered Ideology
Questions Answers Referenc
e
Page No
Aims: What is the Stimulate and nurture growth in students, teachers 116
purpose of education? and others. Helping students create meaning for
themselves.
Students and teachers engage in educational
environments, understanding their personal
involvement.

Student: What is the Unique being. Student contain their own 103
nature of student? capabilities for growth. Must actualize their own
capabilities and basically good in nature.
Freedom to determine their own direction for 104
growth, their own education and their own lives
Foster individual differences among children.

Learning: What is the Direct interaction with materials and ones social 107
role of the learner? and physical environment. Active agents of their
own learning. Active exploration of and response to
their environment.

Teaching: What is the Careful observation of students and diagnose of 109- 110
role of the teacher? their individual needs and interests.
Directly respond to childrens needs, desires, and 123
messages and adapt their responses to childrens
differing styles and abilities
Diagnostician, provider of an instructional
environment and facilitator of growth

Knowledge: What is the Form of personal meaning ( idiosyncratic). Created 124-123

role of knowledge? in cognitive structure through process of
accommodation and assimilation.
A function of a synthesis of each individuals
experience with the world

Evaluation: What does Constantly assess learners growth and interest by 127
evaluation look like? observing, recording, and documenting the
learners progress (descriptive data)
For benefit of students and for the purpose of
facilitating their growth, development, and
learning.

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Social Reconstruction Ideology
Questions Answers Reference
Page No
Aims: What is the Eliminate undesirable aspects of their culture 176
purpose of education? and substitute social practice and value that are
more desirable so that its members attain maximum 157
satisfaction of their material, social, cultural and
spiritual needs.

Student: What is the As products of society, as social actors, and as 157

nature of student? potential contributing members of society who can
aid in its reconstruction.
As meaning makers, construct meaning by actively 158-159
interpreting the world to themselves. Can act to
support appropriate visions of a future good society

Learning: What is the Actively assimilating and accommodating 160

role of the learner? experiences in such a way that make sense to the
learner.
Learn in the context in which it occurs and in the 161
context of total patterns of events

Teaching: What is the Stimulate students to construct a method of 163

role of the teacher? perceiving and interpreting social events, act to
eliminate social problems and formulate a vision of
better society i.e reconstruct society.
As colleague or companion. Find out what students 166-167
know, draw it out of them, help them reflect,
analyse and reconstruct their meanings in a value-
laden context.

Knowledge: What is the Supports educators analysis of the past, and current 168-169
role of knowledge? society and vision of the future good society.
Contributes to the attainment of a future good
society .
Embedded in curriculum aligning childrens 170
knowledge and ways of knowing with those of
developers and of activating children to reconstruct
society

Evaluation: What does Subjective evaluation.Involves taking account of 172-173

evaluation look like? the social environment.
Student evaluation: involves taking account of the
students performance and the students ability to
perform. Teachers help student gain insight, aiding
students in reconstructing themselves so that they
can in turn aid in the reconstruction of society

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Conducted in their everyday life outside school.