tips

Types of Essays
What types of essays are on the test? Well, I'm glad you asked.

Welcome to another issue of Michigan TIPS. The only e-zine on the NET that gives you
practical advice and useful exercises for success on your Michigan exams.

As stated in my book, "Writing Proficiently," you will have to choose one of two topics in
the written section of your exam.

You'll have 30 minutes to complete the task which doesn't leave a lot of time for
planning or trying to figure out what type of essay you need to write.

Thankfully, there are only 3 essay types to choose from.

Opinion

Problem Solving

Balanced = For and Against

Some students have problems recognizing which type of essay is needed to properly
answer the task, or rubric. It shouldn't be that difficult for you when you take the
following into consideration and use it to your advantage.

BTW, this Michigan TIPS is a direct result of a question sent into me from one of my
students in Canada. If you have questions you can post them to me in the 'contact me'
form in my site.

First off, what are the key words in the rubric to let you know what type of essay is
needed?

With the following rubric as an example, what type of essay would you write?

Every year consumers are injured using products (food, cosmetics, appliances) that
seem to be safe but arent. Who should be responsible for making sure that products are
safe to use: the consumer, the producer, the government or someone else? Discuss
providing support of your points of view.

If you chose 'OPINION' you chose correctly. Notice in the rubric the use of the words
"who should be responsible?" This is asking for you to state your opinion. Moreover, the
rubric tells you to discuss providing support for your "points of view."

Now, what type of essay should you write given the following rubric?

Your grandmother left you in her will 4 things to choose from: an old family photograph
in a beautiful frame b. something written by her (a diary or a book) c. material goods
like a car or jeweler d. money. Explain why you would choose one of the four.

Many people would conclude that this is an opinion essay. Yes, your opinion will be
expressed but this is also a problem solving essay in that you have to present all of the

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items and the reasons you eliminated three of them and chose the fourth. This essay
would also include elements of the balanced essay because you would need to sight both
positive and negative aspects of the items you didn't choose.

Finally, the following rubric may confuse students but needn't.

Changes in the political organization of various courtiers in Eastern Europe have had an
impact on surrounding countries. Discuss how these changes have affected your country
or local community. Limit your discussion a single economic, political or social issue?

The clue words are 'discuss' and 'limit your discussion.' This is asking for a balanced
approach by providing both the positive side of the impact (FOR) and the negative side
of the impact. (AGAINST)

Modal Verbs
Contents
[hide]
1 Single words
2 Multiple words
o 2.1 Two words
o 2.2 Three words
3 Archaic or infrequently used
4 Not fully grammaticalised
5 Preposition-like modifiers of quantified noun phrases
6 Postpositions

7 References

Single words
aboard
about
above
across
after
against
along
alongside
amid
amidst
among
amongst
around
as
aside
astride
at
athwart
atop

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 barring
before
behind
below
beneath
beside
besides
between
beyond
but
by
circa
concerning
despite
down
during
except
excluding
failing
following
for
from
given
in
including
inside
into
like
mid (from "amid". Usually used poetically.)
minus
near
next
notwithstanding (also used post positionally)
of
off
on
onto
opposite
out
outside
over
pace
past
per
plus
qua
regarding
round
save
since
than

through

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 throughout
till
times
to
toward
towards
under
underneath
unlike
until
up
upon
versus
via
with
within
without
worth

Multiple words
Two words
according to
ahead of
as of
as per
as regards
aside from
because of
close to
due to
except for
far from
in to (contracted as into)
inside of (note that inside out is an adverb, not a preposition)
instead of
near to
next to
on to (contracted as onto)
out from
out of
outside of
owing to
prior to
pursuant to
regardless of
subsequent to
thanks to
that of

Three words
as far as

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 as well as
by means of
in accordance with
in addition to
in case of
in front of
in lieu of
in place of
in point of
in spite of
on account of
on behalf of
on top of
with regard to
with respect to

Archaic or infrequently used

anent
anti (loan word)
behither
betwixt
cum (loan word)
ere
fornenst[1]
fornent[1]
outwith
pro (loan word)
qua (loan word)
re (loan word)
sans (loan word)
unto (largely supplanted by to; used in some formal, religious, or archaic contexts)
vis--vis (loan word)

Not fully grammaticalised

concerning
considering
regarding
worth

Preposition-like modifiers of quantified noun phrases

apart from
but
except
plus
save

Postpositions
ago as in "five years ago", sometimes (wrongly) considered an adverb rather than a
postposition
apart as in "this apart", also used prepositionally ("apart from this")

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 aside as in "such examples aside", also used prepositionally ("aside from such
examples")
away as in "five light years away", sometimes (wrongly) considered an adverb or an
adjective rather than a postposition
hence as in "five years hence", sometimes considered an adverb rather than a
postposition
notwithstanding also used prepositionally
on as in "five years on", also used prepositionally
through as in "the whole night through", also used prepositionally
withal archaic as a postposition meaning with

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_prepositions

Main Points To Remember

A. Modals come first in a verb group.

B. All modals (except ought) are followed by the base form of the verb.
C. Ought is followed by a to infinitive.
D. Modals have only one form - they don't change from first, to second, to third person
like other verbs.

A. Modals are always the first word in a verb group.

I should go visit them.

I think it will be rather boring.
Things could have been so different.

B. All modals except for ought are followed by the base form of a verb.

I should go visit them.

I think it will rain tomorrow.
Things could have been better.
Someone may have seen them.
They might be home tomorrow.
They may be late.
They should have known.
He can come by anytime.

C. Ought is always followed by a to-infinitive.

She ought to go out with Tom.

Sam ought to have taken his medicine.
You ought to be doing this, not me.

D. There is no s form for the third person singular of the present tense modal verbs.
Also, there is no -ing or -ed forms.

She can't help him now.

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I'm sure he can do it tomorrow.
She ought to have called him yesterday.

** Important Notes **

Modals usually do NOT indicate the time something happens. Shall and will, however,
can often indicate a future event or situation.

I shall do whatever you suggest.

He will not be back for a few days.

Could is used as the past form of can to express ability.

When I was young, I could run really fast.

Would is used as the past form of will to express the future.

She remembered that she would be seeing him the next day.

Sometimes (especially when spoken) shall and will are shortened to 'll and would to
'd and then added to a pronoun.

Ill see you on Monday.

I thought shed agree to go out with me.

English Phrasal Verbs

http://www.advanced-english-grammar.com/phrasal-verbs.html

Phrasal Verb BACK

The phrasal verb back is listed below along with an exercise for you to check your understanding.
I recommend looking over the list then doing the exercise that follows.

BACK AWAY = move in backward direction; retreat

They backed away from the boy weilding a knife not wanting to get stabbed.

BACK DOWN = stop defending yourself or your opinion

Christina never backs down. She loves to argue and usually wins.

BACK INTO = enter a parking space or hit something in reverse gear

He backed in the firehydrant because he couldn't see it in the rear view mirror.

BACK OFF = retreat; make space

You better back off a little if you want me to start serving this crowd again.

BACK OUT = A. go in reverse direction B. to not keep a promise or to not show up

A. She backed out of the garage carefully to avoid scratching the paint.
B. The band backed out of the concert but we got a refund for the tickets.

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BACK UP = A. support B. copy C. move backwards, reverse

A. Good thing John was there to back up your storey.

B. Back up your files onto a CD so you don't lose them.
C. Could you back up a little so I can see the screen, please?

Phrasal Verb BE
The phrasal verb be is probably the most popular phrasal verb in the English language. There are
about 40 combinations all together (give or take a few) and definitions can and do change even
with the same preposition.

For example, you can 'be with' someone in a variety of ways. To be with someone can mean to be
involved romantically. It can also mean to be physically present with someone but not involved
romantically and it also means to help, or serve, someone like a shop assistant would do, etc.

The above illustrates some of the difficulties phrasal verbs can cause learners of the English
language.

This page is here to help you study the definitions and then learn to use them in sentences of your
own. After all, phrasal verbs are an important part of the English language and especially the
phrasal verb be.

After the list there is an exercise where you can check your understanding.

BE AFTER = try to find or get

What are you after in that closet? There's nothing in there.

BE ALONG = arrive

They said they'd be along after supper sometime.

BE AWAY = be somewhere else, on holiday, etc.

The Johnson's were away all last week to Mexico.

BE CUT OUT FOR = suitable, qualified and possessing right qualities

He's just not cut out for boxing. He's slow and he really can't take a punch.

BE DOWN = A. depressed B. reduced price

After their teams loss, many of the players were really down.
My wife got these becuase they were down 50 percent.

BE DOWN WITH = ill, sick

I was down with a cold last week and couldn't finish the report.

BE FED UP = sick of, or upset about, sth

I am fed up with having to work Saturday mornings.

BE IN = A. at home or work B. Submitted

I was in the office yesterday until 9:30 pm.

The teacher reminded us that the book reports needed to be in by Friday.

BE IN ON = involved, participate

Steve was in on the joke even though he thought it was cruel.

BE NOT ON = unacceptable behavior or quality

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Making fun of the homeless is not on to say the least.

BE OFF = A. spoiled food B. leave or depart

That lamb was off so I threw it out.

They were off right after breakfast, they didn't want to be late for school.

BE ON = A. functioning, working B. Take place C. Take medication or drugs

A. "The computer is on already. Don't touch that button."

B. It is on the Friday after Christmas
C. "Are you on any medication?" the doctor asked the patient.

BE ON ABOUT = say without others really listening

"What was she on about?" "I don't know I couldn't really hear her."

Phrasal Verbs with BE

I already stated, phrasal verbs with be are some of the most popular phrasal verbs in the English
language.

If you want to learn phrasal verbs with be then this page can help you. Look through the list below
and then do the exercise that follows. Be sure to check your score to see how well you know these
phrasal verbs with be.

After the list there is an exercise where you can check your understanding.

BE ON ABOUT = say without others really listening

"What was she on about?" "I don't know I couldn't really hear her."

BE ONTO = aware of someone's true intentions

"Let's move on. I think she's onto us. We'll never get her to sign the deed."

BE OUT = absent from home or work

"Hello, is John in?" "No, I'm sorry, he is out right now." "WOuld you like to leave a message?"

BE OUT OF = have none left

I can make you a coffee but, unfortunately, I am out of sugar.

BE OUT TO/FOR = attempt to get / try

Where I come from, girls are told that guys are out for only one thing.

BE SNOWED IN = isolated; unable to move because of snow

In Michigan, you can sometimes be snowed in for days on end.

BE SNOWED UNDER = large amount of work (usually unexpected)

We are really snowed under at work right now with this end of year audit.

BE TAKEN ABACK = shocked or surprised

When I visited Mexico I was really taken aback by the poverty.

BE TAKEN WITH = like, intrigued by

Many people are taken with the idea of obening a web business.

BE UP = A. awake, not sleeping B. increased or risen C. expiration

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A. He was up at the crack of dawn to go trout fishing
B. The price of bread is up again this week.
C. The warranty on the computer is up. If it breaks now we'll have to pay for it.

BE UP TO = Doing sth wrong, misbehaving

What are those children up to now?

BE WITH SME = to help them

"Hold on, and I'll be with you in a minute," said the sales clerk.

Phrasal Verb BREAK

The phrasal verb break is like all the other English phrasal verbs. Take a verb, add a preposition
and... BANG! Instant new verb which changes with every preposition.

You know the deal by now. Study the list and do the exercise that follows. Then check your
answers below.

BREAK AWAY = A. leave others behind B. leave State or organization

A. Lance Armstrong broke away from the other riders to win his 8th tour De France.
B. The break away Republic of Osetia is causing problems for their neighbors again.

BREAK DOWN = A. end negotiations B. begin to cry C. stop working D. have physiological
problems

A. The mid-east peace talks broke down after only two days.
B. She broke down when he left her.
C. The truck broke down in the desert.
D. She had a break down after her husband died in a terrorist attack.

BREAK IN = A. wear or use sth new B. interrupt C. enter unlawfully

A. I need to break in these new shoes... they're killing my feet.

B. While discussing the subject, John broke in with his take on the situation.
C. There was a break in down the street last night be sure to lock up.

BREAK IN ON = interrupt

John broke in on our private conversation... how rude!

BREAK INTO = enter unlawfully

A burglar broke into our house and took all of my mom's jewels.

BREAK OFF = A. end relationship B. stop speaking about sth

A. Are you still with Jill? No, we broke it off in May.

B. He broke off in mid sentence and then started speaking about sth else.

BREAK OUT = A. happen suddenly, violently B. get a rash C. use for celebrating

A. Violent protests broke out in Athens after the shooting of a student.

B. She broke out in red blotchy spots before the big exam.
C. Break out the champagne! I'm getting married!

BREAK OUT OF = escape

The violent patient broke out of the prison ward of the psychiatric hospital.

BREAK THROUGH = advance in science, medicine social issues etc.

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Jackie Robinson broke through the color barrier in professional baseball.

BREAK UP = A. break into pieces B. stop a fight C. end a relationship

A. I broke up the puzzle into a thousand pieces.

B. As a teacher, I've had to break up a fight or two.
C. They broke up after being together for 3 years.

Phrasal Verb BRING

The phrasal verb bring is one of the more popular English phrasal verbs.

BRING ABOUT = cause, make happen

Moving to Greece brought about great changes in my life.

BRING ALONG = A. to carry sme/sth to a certain place B. help sme/sth improve

A. He brought along his oldest son to the football match.

B. They're bringing along mid fielder slowly so he doesn't suffer injury.

BRING AROUND = change someone's opinion, convince someone of your way of thinking

She wants to stay but we'll bring her around to our point of view.

BRING AWAY = learn or gain through experience

I brought away a lot from my physiology courses at university.

BRING BACK = cause to remember

His visit to the dentist brought back painful memories.

BRING DOWN = A. cause government to fall B. reduce price

A. The economic crisis brought down the weak government.

B. They brought down prices after the holiday but it didn't increase sales.

BRING FORTH = A. cause to happen B. produce

A. The European Union brought forth many changes to member states political life.
B. The magician brought forth a rabbit form his hat.

BRING FORWARD = cause to happen earlier than planned

They brought the meeting forward one week because of a conflict in schedules.

BRING OFF = succeed at sth, especially sth difficult

You passed the calculus exam! I can't believe you brought that off.

BRING ON = cause something to happen

The fall of the Berlin wall brought on great changes for Eastern Europe.

BRING OUT = A. highlight, emphasize, or stress B. publish

A. That hat you're wearing brings out the color of your eyes.
B. He brought out a new book entitled; "political opponents of the last decade."

BRING OVER = bring to someone's house, physically carry.

Sarah brought over this bottle of wine and we are enjoying it together.

BRING TO = A. revive consciousness B. inform someone about something

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A. We used smelling salts to bring her to after she fainted.
B. We brought it to the principal's attention that corporal punishment was no longer used.

BRING UP = A. mention B. raise a child

A. I didn't want to bring up the fact that she was handicapped.

B. I was raised in Michigan but live in Greece.

Phrasal Verb CALL

The phrasal verb call is made and used like the other English phrasal verbs.

Study the list below and then do the exercise that follows. Then, check your answers for the
phrasal verb call.

CALL AFTER = be named after someone

He was called Joe after his uncle who had died in the war.

CALL AROUND = Visit

I'll call around in the afternoon if that's ok?

CALL BACK = Return a phonecall

You better call back John, he's called twice already.

CALL FOR = A. demand B. phone call C. require D. pick sme from a certain place

A. There's not much call for refridgerators in the Arctic Circle.

B. Did you call for an appointment?
C. This good news calls for a celebration!
D. He called for her at home but she wasn't there last night.

CALL FORTH = make something happen

The tsunami in Indonesia called forth a great deal of humanitarian aid from around the world.

CALL IN = A. get someone to come and do sth B. short visit

A. We had to call in a plumber because our drain was clogged.

B. The Smith's called in last night and we had a pleasant visit.

CALL OFF = cancel

The reunion was called off because not enough people could attend.

CALL ON = A. visit B. ask a student a question in class

A. We called on the Jones family last SUnday afternoon.

B. The teacher called on Scott who knew the answer, fortunately.

CALL ROUND = visit

I'll call round in the evening if that's ok?

CALL UP = A. summon for military service B. telephone

A. He was called up to active duty when the war broke out.

B. WHy don't you call up a friend and see if they want to go to town with us?

Phrasal Verb CHECK

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The phrasal verb check has many uses. Use this page to test and increase your knowledge of
these phrasal verbs.

Study the list and do the exercise that follows. Then check your answers below.

CHECK BACK = return to determine if everything is OK

We will check back tomorrow to make sure you are ok.

CHECK BY = go somewhere to see if everything is OK

We need to check by the lawyers office to make sure the papers are ready.

CHECK FOR = try to find

They checked for AIDS and other diseases before they let him into the country.

CHECK IN = enter a hotel

They need to check in before six on Friday.

CHECK INTO = A. enter a hospital B. investigate

A. They checked into the hospital yesterday for today's surgery.

B. We are checking into allegations of fraud aid the police.

CHECK OFF = put a tick next to an item on a list

I had to check off each item as it was delivered to make sure we got it all.

CHECK ON = make sure something is OK

Jill checked on the cake to make sure it wasn't burnt.

CHECK OUT = A. investigate, look at B. leave a hospital or hotel, etc.

A. He checked out the new waitress as she brought us our coffees.

B. We checked out of the hotel before noon as it was policy.

CHECK OVER = closely examine

He checked over the contract to make sure there were no loopholes.

CHECK UP ON = investigate someone or something

My parents were always checking up on me.

CHECK THROUGH = send luggage to a final destination

Your luggage is checked through to Athens.

CHECK WITH = ask for confirmation

He needs to check with his wife to make sure they don't have other plans.

Phrasal Verb COME

Here are more phrasal verb come exercises. Below you'll find definitions and then an exercise to
see how well you know the phrasal verb come.

COME ACROSS AS = make an impression

During the course of their conversation, he came across as an honest person.

COME APART = become unglued, break.

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The toy came apart in my hands when I picked it up.

COME AT = attack with intent to hit or stab

"He came at me with a knife, your Honor." "I had to shoot him."

COME DOWN WITH = become ill, catch a cold.

He came down with the flu last week.

COME FORWARD = volunteer.

The sergeant asked for volunteers but no soldiers came forward.

COME IN FOR = be criticized.

The film will come in for a lot of negative comments because of it's subject matter.

COME OFF = succeed

John's party really came off the other night. It was a big hit.

COME ON = begin to happen.

The old man said he could feel winter coming on in his bones.

COME OUT IN = have a rash.

Whenever I eat shell fish I come out in red blotches.

COME UP WITH = innovate.

Have you come up with any new lessons for this semester?

Phrasal Verbs with COME

COME ABOUT = happen.

How did her accident come about?

COME ACROSS = find, meet unexpectedly.

When did you come across this old photo?

COME ALONG = make progress.

How is dinner coming along? Is it ready yet?

COME BY = acquire, obtain.

How did you come by that autographed poster?

COME DOWN = become less costly, price reduction.

The price of that villa has come down from a million euros to 920,000 euros.

COME INTO = inherit.

He came into a small fortune when his grandmother died.

COME OUT = A. bloom, B. published, in circulation.

A. I love it when the orange blossoms come out.

B. When does TIME magazine come out this month?

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COME ROUND = A. Visit. B. Change mind or opinion about sth. C. Regain consciousness.

A. Why not come round and see me sometime next week?

B. My mother was opposed to my moving so far away but she came round in the end.
C. The woman who fainted came round after we splashed a little water on her face.

COME UP TO = Way of expressing height.

She is very short for her age. She only comes up to my chest.

COME UP AGAINST = have a problem.

How someone acts when they come up against a problem says a lot about their character.

Phrasal Verb CUT

The phrasal verb cut has many uses. Study the list and do the exercise that follows below. Then
check your answers.

CUT ACROSS = A. go through rather than around B. Affect different groups or classes

A. Let's cut across the school yard, it'll be faster.

B. This new law will cut across all social clases from the highest to the lowest.

CUT BACK = A. reduce B (on) reduce expenses

A. Tom was told to he was smoking too much and he needed to cut back.
B. We had to cut back on cleaning supplies as the economy worsened.

CUT DOWN = A. (on) consume less B. shoot (as in war) C. lower from a high position D. to fell a
tree

A. We have to cut back on sugar if we want it to last the week.

B. The brigade was cut down as they charged the machine gun stongehold.
c. He was cut down to size after he lost his job at the factory.
D. They cut down the tree and brought it to their home to be decorated for Christmas.

CUT IN = A. begin working B. go recklessly in front of another vehicle C. interrupt D. include

someone on a money making deal

A. The radio cut in just as the where announcing the end of the war.
B. The green Ford cut in front of us as if he owned the road.
C. I was speaking with Jill when John cut in.
D. We had to cut him in on the deal, otherwise he would have made trouble.

CUT IT OUT = stop your current behavior

Tommy's little sister yeld at him to 'cut it out,' or she would tell his mother.

CUT OFF = A. isolate; make inaccessible B. disconnect (telephone or other communication device)

A. The severe winter storm meant that they were cut off from the city.
B. While I was talking to mother over Christmas we were cut off and i couldn't reach her again.

CUT OUT = A. exclude from a deal B. cut paper or picture from book or magazine C. when an
engine stops working

A. He was cut out of the deal and swore he'd take revenge.
B. Her bedroom wall was covered in cut outs of her favorite pop star.
C. When the engine cut out he new the plane was going to crash.

CUT OUT ON = leave stranded

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while we were all at the mall George cut out on us and we had to take the bus home.

CUT UP = A. make small pieces B. make jokes, laugh

A. John was too small to cut up the steak himself so his mother helped him.
B. John cut up his classmates with the stories he told.

Phrasal Verbs With Down

http://www.advanced-english-grammar.com/phrasal-verbs-with-down.html

Phrasal Verb FALL

The phrasal verb fall is listed below. Study the list and do the exercise that follows. Then check
your answers below.

Use the other pages of this site to improve your advanced English grammar.

FALL ABOUT = much laughter as in a group

The audience fell about laughing as the comedian did his rutine.

FALL APART = A. suffer severe emotional distress B. stop working properly or going in a positive
direction

A. She fell apart after her husband left her and had to see a doctor.
B. The band fell apart after playing the first few gigs of their tour.

FALL BACK = retreat

The army fell back to its own lines after the attack.

FALL BACK ON = rely on for help in an emergency

In case the power goes out the hospital has a generator to fall back on.

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FALL BEHIND = to not meet obligations on time

The factory fell behind on orders because of the Christmas holidays.

FALL DOWN = fall to the ground or floor

The child fell down as he was trying to hit the piniatta.

FALL FOR = A. fall in love, be infatuated B. believe a lie or be deceived

A. He has really fallen for this new girl, hasn't he?

B. The naive freshman fell for the joke about free beer at the corner store.

FALL IN = collapse

The bridge fell in as the car was going over it.

FALL IN WITH = agree to a suggestion

I fell in with the plan to overthrow the government.

FALL INTO = start doing something unplanned or unrehearsed

He fell into the group without really being asked.

FALL OFF = become fewer in number or less in amount, decrease

Sales have really fallen off since the holiday season.

FALL OUT = A. argue or quarrel with someone B. Lose hair

A. She fell out withg her parents and now they don't speak to each other.
B. Since reaching 40 years of age, my hair has really started to fall out.

FALL OVER = fall to the ground or floor

The lamp fell over as the children were playing in the room.

FALL THROUGH = not happen as planned, be unsuccessful

Our plans fell through at the last minute and we ended up spending our vacation at home.

FALL UNDER = to have jurisdiction

Kindnapping falls under the jurisdiction of the FBI.

Phrasal Verb GET

The phrasal verb get is one of the more popular phrasal verbs in the English language. There are a
number of combinations and there can be more than one definition and usage per preposition --
making the phrasal verb get not only popular, but also a little difficult.

What follows below is a about half of the uses that I know of. There is another page on this site
containing the other half. I recommend reading through the list and then doing the exercise that
follows. You can check your answers to see how well you know the phrasal verb get.

GET ABOUT = go from place to place

How did you get about before you bought your car?

GET ACROSS = communicate clearly, precisely

I tried, but I couldnt get across how important the test was to their future.

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GET AHEAD = make progress at work, get promoted

Most people believe they can get ahead through hard work.

GET ALONG = A. become quite old B. relate to sme C. manage by oneself, unassisted

A. John is 90, he is really getting along.

B. John and Jill have been together 6 years, they get along quite well.
C. The teacher checked to see how the children were getting along on their project.

GET AROUND = A. evade, circumvent B. go from place to place C. made known, circulated

A. Some children try to get around school rules and smoke at school.
B. Ive been getting around by bicycle since my scooter was stolen.
C. Word got around the factory that the strike started on Monday at noon.

GET AT = A. access or reach B. suggest or hint

A. I'm not tall enough to get at the things on the top shelf.
B. What are you getting at? Say it plainly.

GET AWAY = A. escape B. (with) Not be punished for something.

A. The tourist couldn't get away from the attacker.

B. He wont get away with taking money from the company.

GET BACK = return

What time did you get back last night?

Phrasal Verbs with GET

Phrasal verbs with get are some of the most popular phrasal verbs in the English language. We
use them all the time. Below is the second part of the list available from this site.

Read through the list below and then do the exercise that follows checking your answers to see
how well you know phrasal verbs with get. By clicking on the preceding link you'll go to the other
page of get phrasals available from this site.

GET BY = A. succeed with little effort B. survive or manage C. proceed unnoticed D. pass

A. As a teacher, I dislike students who just get by.

B. It's hard to get by on just a few Euros per week.
c. Many illegal drugs get by the customs inspectors.
D. Step aside so I can get by please.

GET DOWN = A. (to) begin & give full attention B. depress, discourage C. put into writing

A. Enough chit chat let's get down to business.

B. Rainy days and Mondays get me down.
C. The court reporter got down everything that was said.

GET IN = arrive

When did you get in last night?

GET OFF = A. dismount B. receive a lesser punishment in court C. extreme pleasure

A. John got off the horse from the wrong side.

B. John got off with only two years in prison for armed robbery.
C. Some people get off eating chocolate.

GET OUT = A. leave B. remove C (of) avoid

A. Get out of the car.

18
B. Get out the olive oil for the salad.
C. She tried to get out of cleaning her room by doing the dishes.

GET OVER = A. recover B. (on) cheat

A. It took me a week to get over the flu.

B. Some store keepers try to get over on you when making change.

GET THROUGH = finish completely

The book was so boring I couldn't get through it.

GET TO = A. annoy B. arrive at

A. That car alarm is really getting to me. I wish sme would turn it off.
B. I couldn't wait to get to the Greek islands.

GET TOGETHER = meet

Let's get together on Thursday.

GET UP = rise from bed or sitting position

What time do you get up in the morning?

Phrasal Verb GO
The phrasal verb go -- like all the phrasal verbs -- is made from the verb and prepositions or
adverbs that accompany it.

The following includes a short list plus a fun exercise that follows to check your knowledge of this
particular item. Enjoy!

GO AT SME / STH: Argue. Work hard or diligently for sth.

Our neighbors are going at it again. I can hear them yelling at each other.

GO AFTER: Attempt to win or search for

The up and coming team has gone after the championship.

GO BY: Pass a place.

I go by his house every morning on the way to school.

GO IN FOR: A. Pursue a hobby. B. Enter a competition.

A. John has gone in for football in a big way.

B. Jane has gone in for the beauty contest.

GO OFF: A. When food becomes bad or dangerous to eat. B. Explode.

A. This meat has gone off. Throw it out.

B. The bomb went off in the underground.

GO ON: A. Continue. B. Happen C. Become lit automatically

A. "Please, go on," said the phsychologist to the patient.

B. What went on at the party last night? Why did the police come?
C. Clap your hands and the lights go on automatically.

GO ROUND: Enough for all in a group.

I hope there is enough potatoes to go round.

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GO THROUGH WITH: Finish

She wanted to try sushi, but in the end she couldn't go through with it.

GO WITH: A. Accompany. B. Match or suit

A. I will go with you to the cinema tonight.

B. Do you think this green shirt goes well with these pink shoes?

Phrasal Verbs with GO

Using the phrasal verbs with go properly will go a long way towards developing you English
language proficiency. Like all other phrasal verbs in English, go phrasal verbs can be both
transitive and intransitive.

Below you'll find definitions of the phrasal verbs with go plus an exercise that follows. Look over
the list and then do the exercise to see how well you know these phrasal verbs.

GO AWAY = leave

I made the neighbor kids go away by yelling at them.

GO AROUND = avoid contact, circumvent

We can't go in the back door we got to go around to the front.

GO BACK = return

When are you going back to school?

GO BACK ON = not keep a promise or ones word

It's hard doing business with them. They always go back on their promises.

GO DOWN = decrease or reduce

The cost of gasoline is going down.

GO FOR = A. try to achieve B. enjoy having, crave (idiomatically: hit the spot)

A. She is going for the gold medal at the national championships.

B. It's so hot out. I could really go for an ice cold glass of lemonade.

GO IN FOR = take part in; participate

Are you going in for football this year after school?

GO INTO = discuss in detail or at length

She didn't go into the reasons for the move.

GO OFF = A. explode B. begin, start (with alarms or signals) C. become angry quickly D. stop (of
a machine)

A. The bomb could go off at any moment.

B. The air raid signal went off and scared everyone in the room.
C. He went off in a flash when he heard the news. I've never seen him so upset.
D. The generator went off and we can't get it started again.

GO ON = A. continue B. happen

A. Do go on! I could listen to you sing all day.

B. What's been going on here this morning? This place looks like a pig pen.

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GO ON WITH = continue as planned

I think we should go on with the lesson after break.

GO OUT = A. fire stops burning B. social activities; a date

A. The fire went out because we ran out of fuel for it.
B. They love to go out on weekends to the movies.

GO OVER = A. review B. succeed; be received well

A. Do you usually go over the tests in class?

B. The comedian's joke didn't go over well with that crowd last night.

GO THROUGH = A. examine, study carefully B. endure; experience difficulties

A. I need to have my lawyer go through this contract before I sign it.

B. I would never want to go through what she has.

GO THROUGH WITH = proceed despite difficulties

I have decided to go through with the move to Berlin.

GO WITH = A. match or suit B. accompany someone C. have as boyfriend or girlfriend

A. That blouse doesn't go with that skirt.

B. I am going with Jill to school.
C. Sarah is going with John. They make a cute couple.

GO WITHOUT = abstain from; not use or need

A camel can go without water for many, many days.

Phrasal Verb HANG

The phrasal verb hang has many uses. Study the list below and then do the exercise that follows.
Check your answers from the form below the exercise.

HANG ABOUT = loiter

I hate going to that store. There are always teens hanging about outside the entrance.

HANG AROUND = stay in one place or area

The lions will hang around this area as long as there is food.

HANG BACK = remain; not move forward

In every group of tourists there are always a few who hang back.

HANG IN THERE = not to give up; persevere

Hang in there! Tomorrow things will be better. You'll see.

HANG ON = A. wait B. hold tightly

A. Will you please hang on? What seems to be the rush?

B. Hang on! I'll get a rope to pull you up.

HANG ONTO = keep, preserve

Do you want to hang onto these baby pictures of yours?

HANG OUT = spend time together socially

21
Let's hang out this weekend if you're not doing anything.

HANG TOGETHER = stay unified and undivided

Benjamin Franklin said; "We must all hang together, gentlemen... else, we shall most assuredly
hang separately."

HANG UP = A. end a phone call B. put something (clothing, picture etc.) on a hanger or peg

A. I'll call you later. My mother told me I've got to hang up the phone now.
B. You need to hang up your shirts now that the ironing is done.

HANG UP ON = end a phone call (rudely)

I can't believe it. They just hung up on me!

HANG WITH = spend time with

Where were you? I was just hanging with some friends at the Mall.

Phrasal Verb HAVE

The phrasal verb have is listed below with some definitions and examples. Look over the list and
then do the exercise that follows checking your answer below.

HAVE AGAINST = dislike; hold a grudge for a specific reason

What do you have against left handed people?

HAVE AROUND = entertain people at home

Mom, is it ok if I have around a few friends after school?

HAVE DOWN AS = have particular view of someone or something

She's a Democrat? Really? I had her down as a Republican.

HAVE IN = A. have a supply of something B. entertain people at home

A. Do you have in stock the new supply of plywood?

B. We had in the Russell's last night for dinner.

HAVE IT IN FOR = dislike; have or hold a grudge against someone

Why do you have it in for them? what did they do to you?

HAVE IT OUT WITH = discuss or argue something in an attempt to improve a situation

Last night I had it out with my neighbor for playing his music so loud.

HAVE OFF = time off work

I usually have off Mondays and Sundays.

HAVE ON = A. wear B. electronic device switched on C. tease, deceive

A. What did she have on last night?

B. You need to have it on if you want it to work.
C. Don't believe her. She's just having you on.

HAVE OVER = receive a guest at home

You're not allowed to have over friends until you clean up your room.

HAVE ROUND = entertain at home

22
Let's have round the in laws this weekend, shall we?

HAVE UP ON CHARGES = accuse someone of breaking a law

The judge had the youth up on charges for fire bombing the police station.

Phrasal Verb HOLD

The phrasal verb hold, like all English phrasal verbs, has a variety of forms and definitions.

Study the list below and do the exercise that follows. Then check your answers for the phrasal
verb hold.

HOLD AGAINST = have a grudge; show little respect

Why on earth do you hold it against her? Forget about it.

HOLD BACK = A. not show emotion B. prevent from progressing or moving forward C. not
disclose or make public

A. He tried to hold back his tears while watching the sad movie but couldn't.
B. Some school children are held back a grade in elementary school.
C. The politician held back the inromation about his drunk driving arrest when he was younger.

HOLD BACK FROM = not allowed to do something

John was held back from going to the movies by his mother.

HOLD DOWN = A. keep or have a job B. prevent from moving by restraint c. retain in your
stomach

A. It's hard to hold down a job in uncertain economic times

B. Jill was held down by her big brother John.
C. I couldn't hold down my lunch when we went sailing in the evening.

HOLD FORTH = state your opinions about something

John is holding forth about communism again. What a bore!

HOLD OFF = A. delay B. bad weather NOT appearing C. prevent someone from attacking or
beating you

A. We had to hold off buying a new car this year as John lost his job.
B. The snow held off long enough for us to get all of the wood ready for the winter.
C. The police held off the vio;lant crowd with tear gas.

HOLD ON = A. wait B. grip tightly

A. Hold on a minute, I'll be right there.

B. Get a good hold on the handle before you give it a pull.

HOLD ONTO = A. keep longer than necessary B. hold tightly; grip

A. My father-in-law likes to hold onto old newspapers for some odd reason.
B. Hold onto the rope and it'll pull you up the hill.

HOLD OUT = A. resist B. extend in front of you

A. The union strikers held out until they go what they wanted.
B. At school we had to hold out our hands so they could inspect our fingernails.

HOLD OUT FOR = wait for something better

Why aren't you eating dessert? I'm holding out for the chocalate mousse.

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HOLD OUT ON = not disclose; not pay

Don't hold out on me now. Tel me where you were last night.

HOLD OVER = A. delay B. go longer than planned

A. The surprise was held over until the next day at school.
B. The play got held over for the third straight week.

HOLD TOGETHER = not break up or come apart

The book was held together with duct tape down the binding.

HOLD UP = A. delay especially when travelling B. Robbery (a bank hold up, etc.)

A. We were held up in the city center by a huge traffic jam.

B. The store was held up by two men wearing masks.

HOLD WITH = A. agree or accept

She doesn't hold with people living together before they are married.

Phrasal verb KEEP

The phrasal verb keep is listed below along with an exercise for you to check your understanding.
I recommend looking over the list then doing the exercise to check your knowledge.

KEEP AROUND = continue to possess or keep near you

I have know idea why they keep around this piece of junk. They'll never use it.

KEEP AT = continue with something (usually difficult)

Jill kept at the puzzle until she put all the pieces together.

KEEP AWAY = prevent from gaining access; not allow near

The warehouse has a guard dog to keep away would be thieves.

KEEP BACK = maintain a safe distance

The police kept back the crowd by blocking off the street.

KEEP DOWN = A. not vomit B. repress or muffle

A. Did she keep down the soup? No, she hasn't kept anything down for two days.
B. Keep down the noise, will you? I'm trying to sleep.

KEEP FROM = refrain from doing

I couldn't keep myself from eating the last piece of cake.

KEEP IN = not allow out

She kept him in because he had a high temperature.

KEEP OFF = A. not walk on something B. not talk about something

A. There was a sign posted at the courthouse that read; keep off the grass!
B. The reporter kept off any the topic of the recent scandal with the politician.

KEEP ON = continue

Let's keep on hiking... it's such a beautiful day.

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KEEP OUT = not allow someone to enter

We were kept out of the club because we were too young.

KEEP TO = remain steady or faithful to something

Let's keep to the plan. I don't want to make any changes now.

KEEP UP = A. prevent from going to bed B. maintain a continuous action or state

A. John kept up Jill last night talking about the current crisis.
B. "Keep up the good work," John's teacher said to him as he handed back his essay.

KEEP UP WITH = A. move at same rate or pace B. stay informed, current, up to date

A. The pack kept up with the leader as they rounded the final bend of the race.
B. I keep up with things back home by reading the news on the internet.

Phrasal verb LIVE

Below, the phrasal verb live is listed with definitions and examples. I recommend looking over the
list then doing the exercise to check your knowledge with the exercise that follows.

LIVE BY = follow a particular belief or religeous system

Few people actually live by their convictions.

LIVE DOWN = forget; stop being reminded about an embarrassing situation

He'll never live down the fact that he didn't know how to spell the word 'potato.'

LIVE FOR = something extremely important to you

John lives for surfing. He goes nearly everyday.

LIVE IN = live in the place you work

My sister -in-law has a live in maid.

LIVE IT UP = have a good time; celebrate

Some people really like to live it up on the weekends.

LIVE OFF = A. survive or exist on something B. use savings

A. I could live off these things they are so good!

B. After paying for his operation he had little money to live off.

LIVE ON = A. money used for basic needs B. not forgotten

A. You lost all the money? What are we going to live on this month?
B. Though he's no longer with us, his memory will live on with all of us.

LIVE OUT = A. fulfill a desire or fantasy B. stay somehwere until you are dead

A. I was able to live out my dream of visiting to New Zealand.

B. The racehorse lived out his final days eating green grass and running free in the hills.

LIVE THROUGH = experience; survive hard times

My father-in-law lived through the German occupation during WWII.

LIVE TOGETHER = stay in same place without marrying

25
They lived together for two years before they got married.

LIVE UP TO = meet expectations

Most children can't live up to their parents expectations.

LIVE WITH = A. made to accept something unpleasant

He had to live with the fact that the accident he caused killed three people.

Phrasal Verb LOOK

The phrasal verb look does, indeed, take on many forms. You'll find most, if not all, listed below.

Study the list and do the exercise that follows. Then check your answers below. Afterwards, go to
another page of phrasal verbs and work your way through the exercises that are available on this
site.

LOOK AFTER = take care of someone or something

When my brother is out of town, I look after the cats.

LOOK BACK (ON) = remember, usually with nostalgia

When I look back on my time at university, it puts a smile on my face.

LOOK DOWN ON = see something or someone as inferior

Many Americans used to look down on Japanese made cars. They don't now.

LOOK FOR = search for, seek

I think I lost my car keys. Will you help me look for them?

LOOK FORWARD TO = anticipate with pleasure

I am looking forward to visiting the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam.

LOOK INTO = A. investigate B. see in a mirror

A. The group is looking into vacationing together.

B. What do you see when you look into the mirror?

LOOK ON = observe, be a spectator

Five people just looked on as the robbers got away with the money.

LOOK OUT = pay attention - be careful - there is danger!

Look out! There's a bus coming.

LOOK OVER = examine, review

My lawyer told me to look over the contract before I signed it.

LOOK TO = to hold as leader or director; someone with better or more knowledge

Many students look to their professors for academic advice.

LOOK UP = A. find in a dictionary B. find and visit someone

A. You must look up new vocabulary words in your dictionary.

B. You should look me up if you are ever in Greece,

LOOK UP TO = respect, admire someone

26
He looks up to his mother's business partner.

Phrasal verb MAKE

The phrasal verb make may be few in number but it is important in usage as it is one of the more
popular English phrasal verbs.

The list below will give you most of the defnitions plus there is an exercise that follows. Look over
the list and do the exrcise to test your knowledge of the phrasal verb make.

MAKE FOR = head in a specific direction

Scott made for the refrigerator as soon as he walked through the door.

MAKE OUT = A. decipher B. succeed C. progress D. kiss passionately

A. I can't make out that sign. What does it say?

B. He made out pretty well after switching jobs.
C. How is your Dad making out with his new wife?
D. Jeff and Pam were making out in the movie theater again.

MAKE OUT WITH = kiss and grope with passion

Did you ever make out with Mari?

MAKE OVER = do again

Mother made me make over my bed because I hadn't changed the sheets.

MAKE UP = A. cosmetics (put on) B. complete something missed C. invent D. reconcile

A. It took the clown 10 minutes to make up his face.

B. I can make up the exam I missed yesterday tomorrow.
C. He always makes up stories. Don't believe him.
D. You should make up with Alekos. You guys have been friends for a long time.

MAKE UP FOR = compensate

How do you make up for being late to your own wedding?

Phrasal Verb OFF

Learning phrasal verb off (i.e., the preposition) is different from learning phrasal verbs
from the verbs (like go or come).

We can use both go off and come off as well as get off, take off, stay off, etc., etc. You
can think of these verbs with off as the opposite of phrasals with on.

Typically, verbs with 'off' are the opposite of 'on' as in place. The plane took off means
that it is no longer on the earth but in the sky.

They can also refer to time. For instance, when you are at work you are on the clock,
and when you finish work, you are off the clock.

Below are some phrasal verbs with off plus their definitions and some sample uses.
Study the list and do the exercise below, then check your answers to see how you did.

BE OFF = A. go somewhere B. stop work

A. I'm off to the movies with Jed.

27
B. I'm off work in a couple of hours

CLEAR OFF = A. vacate or leave B. clean or remove

A. They cleared off before the SWAT team arrived.

B. Mari was told to clear off the table by her mother.

DROP OFF = A. Fall asleep B. Leave someone somewhere after a ride.

A. I dropped off for a few mninutes while watching the movie last night.
B. Tine was dropped off at the library by her mother.

FIGHT OFF = defend or repulse

The army successfully fought off the enemy attack.

FRIGHTEN OFF = to cause an animal to leave by frightening it.

Steve frightened off the fox from the hen house.

GO OFF = A. explode B. become spoiled or rotten

A. The bomb went off precisely at 8:00 a.m..

B. "The milk in the fridge has gone off, can you please get some more?"

RUSH OFF = leave in a hurry

She rushed off to work without saying goodbye.

SCARE SME OFF = to cause a person to leave by frightening them.

He tried to scare off the other children by acting tough.

SET OFF = A. trigger accidentally. B. begin a journey.

A. The burglar was caught by setting off the silent alarm.

B. They set off in the morning to climb the mountain peak.

TAKE OFF = A. depart or be absent from work B. launch (with planes, rockets etc.) C.
remove clothing

A. I won't be at work on Thursday, I'm taking the day off.

B. Watching the space shuttle take off was exciting.
C. "Take your coat off and stay a while," she said.

Phrasal Verb ON
Phrasal verb on (i.e., learning the phrasal verb from the preposition) is more difficult than learning
the phrasal verb from the verb. At least, that's what all of my sudents say.

If the above is true, (and I intend to believe that it is) then why would I include phrasal verbs
grouped together by their prepositions as opposed to their verbs? Good question, right?

Well, as stated on the previous page, sometimes it helps to learn the phrasal verb in relation to
the preposition.

Why?

The preposition often indicates what the meaning of the phrasal verb is. It does this by indicating
whether the new, multi-word verb has a meaning of place, location, time, position, distance etc.

28
Some phrasal verbs with on are listed below... plus there is an exercise to do after you look over
the list

CALL ON = A. visit B. choose student in class

A. Mom said we was going to call on grandmother today after work.

B. Some students hate to be called on in class.

CARRY ON = continue, not stop

We carried on talking until the early hours of the morning.

CATCH ON = A. become popular B. understand

A. Blue jeans have caught on worldwide.

B. My friends spoke in Greek so I wouldn't catch on to what they were saying.

CHEER ON = shout encouragement, support

The team was cheered on to victory by their loyal fans.

COUNT ON = rely, depend

My parents counted on me to look after my little sister when they weren't around.

DRAG ON = continue unnecessarily for a long time; become boring

The meeting dragged on and, consequently, I missed my train.

GET ON = enter a vehicle

She was pushed While getting on the bus.

GO ON = A. continue B. change or move from subject to another

A. Please, go on, she said as I told her about what happened

B. After some grammar exercises we went on to vocabulary practice.

HAVE ON = Wear

"She looked great last night." "Really, what did she have on?"

HOLD ON = A. wait B. grasp firmly

A. "Hold on a minute, I'm almost ready."

B. The woman held on to her handbag as if someone might steal it.

Phrasal Verbs with ON

Welcome to phrasal verbs with on... the second page. One more page of definitions and an
exercise to test your knowledge of phrasal verbs with on.

LIVE ON = A. money or food for survival. B. staple

A. "You spent your whole paycheck?... What are we going to line on?"
B. Some fisherman basically live on their catch.

LOOK ON = observe, watch

The children played in the yard as the mother looked on from the house.

MOVE ON = change positions, disperse

The police told the crowd gathered at the accident to move on.

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PICK ON = A. bully B. choose

A. The older boys always picked on the younger boys at school.

B. Mr. Hand picked on Jeff Spicoli to answer the question.

PUT ON = dress, wear

"Put on your coat because it's cold outside," said Scott.

SEND ON = forward a letter or email, etc.

I hate emails that say we have to send them on to others or else...

SET ON = order to attack

He threatened to set his dogs on me if I didn't leave.

STAY ON = not leave at the expected time

He could have left at 5:00 but he stayed on until 6:00.

SWITCH ON = start electrical equipment

I was told to switch on the TV so my dad could watch the baseball game.

TOUCH ON = mention briefly

The professor touched on the subject in class but said nothing in depth.

TRY ON = wear clothing to see if it fits

"Here, try these blue jeans on," said mother.

Phrasal verb PASS

The phrasal verb pass is listed below along with an exercise for you to check your understanding. I
recommend looking over the list then doing the exercise.

Check your answers below.

PASS AROUND = give to everyone present

He passed around a questionnaire and asked us to fill it in.

PASS AS = believed to be something

Can this pass as an original Monet?

PASS AWAY = die; expire

She passed away too soon. I wish she were still here. I really miss her.

PASS BY = A. miss an opportunity B. visit briefly C. go past without stopping

A. Don't let this opportunity pass you by!

B. Let's pass by the bakery on the way home.
C. We passed by the sweet shop even though it smelled so good.

PASS FOR = fake accepted as an original

Will this pass for a Gucci bag?

PASS OFF AS = accepted as an original

30
He tried to pass it off as an original but I could tell it was fake.

PASS ON = A. die B. give a message to someone C. decline an opportunity or invitation

A. My grandfather passed on when he was 94 years old.

B. Will you pass on that the meeting is canceled for tomorrow?
C. I'm afraid I'll have to pass on your invitation.

PASS OUT = A. faint, lose consciousness B. distribute

A. He passed out from the heat as he wasn't used to 45 degree temperatures. B. The teacher
passed out the tests and then told us to begin.

PASS OVER= not receive a promotion

He was passed over in favor of a younger man.

PASS THROUGH = visit a place briefly or not stop at all

I'll pass through Ohio on my way to Kentucky.

PASS TO = give ownership or responsibility to someone else

This ranch will pass to his son when he's gone.

PASS UP= decline an opportunity or chance

I'm sorry but I'm going to have to pass up your invitation.

Phrasal verb PLAY

The phrasal verb play can be found below along with an exercise for you to check your
understanding. I recommend looking over the list then doing the exercise to check your
knowledge.

PLAY ALONG = pretend that something is funny or serious to keep happy or fool someone; joke

John played along with Jill when she said the exam was moved forward one day. Their friends got
a little upset until they discovered that John and Jill were joking.

PLAY AROUND = being or acting silly

The children were playing around until one of them got hurt accidentally.

PLAY AT = pretend to be something or someone

John just played at painting, he never really got serious about it.

PLAY BACK = listen (or watch) something recorded

Play back the segment we recorded yesterday.

PLAY DOWN = try to make something seem less important or unimportant

He played down the fact that he had lost all his money in the stock market.

PLAY OFF = A. a game to decide the winner of a tie B. make people compete against each other
for your benefit

A. The play off game between the bitter rivals was sold out.
B. Successful politicians make their rivals play off each other.

PLAY ON = A. continue playing B. exploit someone's weakness C. pun

31
A. They played on after it got dark even though they couldn't see the ball.
B. The factory owner played on his employee's fear of losing their jobs.
C. No, it's just a play on words. It doesn't really mean that.

PLAY OUT = A. see through till the end B. end

A. He was determined to play it out until the end, no matter the cost.
B. Things didn't play out the way he planned so he went home.

PLAY UP = A. behave badly B. exaggerate C. (to) flattery

A. The children are playing up again!

B. He played up the mistake to make it seem worse than what it was.
C. She played up to her boss to get a raise.

PLAY UPON = exploit a weakness

The enemy played upon our lack of heavy weapons to defeat us.

PLAY WITH = A. fiddle with something in your hands B. not eat a meal C. tease

A. In Greece, many men play with a 'Koboloi' all day long.

B. She just played with her meal again. She didn't eat much at all.
C. John was just playing with Jill, he didn't mean to cause any harm.

Phrasal verb PULL

The phrasal verb pull is listed below along with an exercise for you to check your understanding. I
recommend looking over the list then doing the exercise to check your knowledge.

PULL AHEAD = overtake, move into the lead or in front

The racer pulled ahead in the last lap even though he was behind most of the race.

PULL APART = A. stop from fighting B. weaken an argument or theory

A. The teacher pulled the fighting students apart in the classroom.

B. The 'flat earth theory' can be easily pulled apart by any scientist.

PULL AWAY = A. gain in distance B. vehicle leaving from a place

A. The race leader pulled away from the others and won the race handily.
B. the truck pulled away form the loading dock after unloading.

PULL BACK = A. score a goal or point when behind B. retreat to previous position C. decide not
to do something previously planned.

A. The teamed pulled back to even after two quick goals.

B. The soldiers pulled back after the initial attack.
C. They pulled back form the investment saying ti was ultimately too risky.

PULL DOWN = A. demolish B. depress someone C. earn (colloquial)

A. They pulled down the old sports stadium to build a new one.
B. John was really pulled down by his recent divorce.
C. How much do you pull down a month, he asked?

PULL FOR = support; especially teams

Who are you pulling for in the cup finals?

PULL IN = A. train or bus arrival at a station B. attract a crowd C. earn

A. The train pulled in right on time.

B. The comedy act really pulled in the crowds, didn't they?

32
C. I pulled in more this year than last year. How about you?

PULL OFF = A. manage to do B. remove

A. The Yankees pulled off a great upset in the finals.

B. Pull off the price stickers from the bottom of the toys before you wrap them.

PULL ON = A. put on clothes; dress B. pull something sticking out

A. He pulled on his boots and went to work.

B. When he pulled on the loose thread his whole shirt sleeve came off.

PULL OUT = A. bus or train leaving station B. move into traffic C. withdraw

A. When the boat pulled out to sea, he realized he would never return.
B. The car pulled out into the fast lane and nearly got hit.
C. The contestant pulled out of the competition due to injury.

PULL OVER = stop a vehicle by the side of the road

We pulled over to check our tires as something was making a funny sound on the car.

PULL THROUGH = recover from and illness

We didn't know if he was going to pull through but in the end he did.

PULL TOGETHER = work or compete as a team

Let's pull together and get this job done.

PULL UP = draw up and stop a car

The car pulled up to the curb and stopped in front of the door.

PULL YOURSELF TOGETHER = gain control of your emotions

Sometimes circumstances make it hard to pull yourself together but you must.

Phrasal verb PUT

The phrasal verb put, like other English phrasal verbs, has a plethora of forms and definitions.
Find some of them listed below along with an exercise to check your understanding. Look over the
list then do the exercise that follows to check your understanding.

PUT ACROSS = communicate and idea or message

The professor put across his ideas concerning race relations with clarity and brevity

PUT AWAY = A. return something to correct place B. put someone in prison; incarcerate

A. Will you put away the dishes if I wash them?

B. He was put away for manslaughter for fifteen years.

PUT BACK = postpone something for a later time

The class was put back a week because the professor was ill.

PUT BY = save

He put by twenty Euros a week for his vacation.

PUT DOWN = to kill an animal usually because it's old or ill.

When I was a teen we had to put down our dog. I was a traumatic experience.

33
PUT DOWN FOR = make commitment to pay (usually charities, etc)

How much can I put you down for this year, asked the charity organizer?

PUT DOWN TO = use or give as an explanation

What do you put his stubbornness down to? Well, he is getting kind of old.

PUT IN = install

I had a new stereo put in my car. Now it really thumps!

PUT IN FOR = make a (formal) request

I put in for vacation at work from the 15th of August until the end.

PUT OFF = A. postpone B. no longer like something or somebody

A. I put off seeing the eye doctor until it was almost too late.
B. I was put off fish because the last time I had some it was spoiled.

PUT ON = A. gain weight B. deceive C. wear

A. I put on weight over the holidays and I think it's time to take it off.
B. Her career stories were just a put on. In fact, she's broke and lives with her mother.
C. I put on my old jeans to go for a coffee with my friends.

PUT OUT = A. broadcast; send a signal B. trouble or disturb someone C. extinguish (cigarette,
fire etc.)

A. The station put out such a strong signal that it was difficult to receive anything else.
B. Our friends stayed in a hotel because they said they didn't want to put us out.
C. He put out his cigar in the arm of the my wooden chair which really upset me.

PUT THROUGH = connect (have contact) someone by phone

The secretary said she would put me through to my attorney as soon as he got off the other line.

PUT TOWARDS = give or make a financial contribution

The special offer at the church was put towards the new building fund.

PUT UP = A. give hospitality to someone overnight B. increase prices, taxes etc.

A. He asked if we could put him up for a few days and I said it would be alright.
B. They put up the price of gasoline again. Will it ever come down?

PUT UP WITH = tolerate

I will not put up with any more disturbances while I try to work. Do you hear me?

Phrasal Verb RUN

Below the phrasal verb run is shown in its many forms. There is an exercise below to help you see
how well you understand this particular phrasal verb.

RUN ACROSS = find or meet unexpectedly

I ran across some old photos while I was cleaning my house.

RUN AFTER = chase

Mother was running after her three children all day.

RUN AGAINST = compete in an election

34
OBAMA ran against McCAIN in the 2008 U.S. elections and, unfortunately, won.

RUN ALONG = go away or leave

"Run along and play outside," said mother, as she had housework to do.

RUN AWAY = leave home permanently

The child ran away because her parents beat her.

RUN AWAY FROM = avoid responsibility

The young father ran away from his responsibility and didn't support his family.

RUN DOWN = A. find, discover B. criticise C. hit with a car D. become very tired, loose power

A. Have you run down those names on the voter list?

B. I know a guy who runs everyone down.
C. My cat was run down yesterday.
D. My wife was really run down after the holidays.

RUN FOR = campaign for government office

I was thinking about running for mayor.

RUN IN = arrested, questioned by police

My neighbor was run in for shoplifting last week.

RUN INTO = meet unexpectedly

I ran into my English teacher at the movies last night. She's so nice!

RUN OFF = A. make leave B. reproduce C. leave quickly D. waste water

A. The new government is trying to run the drug traffickers off.

B. Would you mind running off 10 copies of this document for me?
C. Why did you run off after the party?
D. You shouldn't swim where the sewage runs off into the ocean.

RUN OUT OF = not have any more

When mother ran out of milk, she would send me to the store.

RUN OUT ON = leave stranded

She ran out on him leaving him to pay the rent and all the bills.

RUN OVER = practice,

Let's run through our lines for the school play.

RUN THROUGH = rehearse, review

He ran over his notes before the big meeting.

RUN UP = A. increase, spend B. (against) encounter unexpected problems

A. He ran up a huge phone bill when he went to the army.

B. He ran up against some unexpected problems in his business.

RUN TO = go to sme for help

He ran to his uncle for financial help during the crisis.

RUN WITH = keep company, hang out with

35
He runs with a rough crowd, no wonder he ened up in jail.

Phrasal Verb STAND

The phrasal verb stand is used in a number of ways. Below is a list of the most usual defintions
plus an exercise to help your understanding.

Study the list below and do the exercise that follows. Then check your answers for the phrasal
verb stand.

STAND ABOUT = stand doing nothing with no purpose especially at work

Don't just stand about with your hands in your pockets... give me a hand!

STAND ASIDE = A. move to one side to let someone / thing pass B. stop doing a job and let
someone younger take over

A. Please stand aside, we're coming through.

B. It's time he stood aside and let his son run the business.

STAND AROUND = stand doing nothing; loiter

There were some young kids standing around outside the convenience store.

STAND BACK = A. move a short distance away B. think about a situation as if it doesn't involve
you

A. We had to stand back a little from the fire as it was getting too hot.
B. Stand back a second and think about what you're doing. Do you really want to do this?

STAND BY = A. wait B. not participate or get involved in a situation

A. I want you to stand by and answer the phone if mom or dad call.
B. He just stood by and did nothing! Can you believe it?

STAND FOR = A. represent B. tolerate

A. FBI stands for "Federal Bureau of Investigation."

B. Mother doesn't stand for anyone telling her lies.

STAND IN= replacement

He stood in for his brother in the wedding rehearsal.

STAND OUT = be noticeable

He's so tall. He really stands out in a crowd.

STAND UP = not arrive to an appointment or date

Before I was married I never stood up any girls. I always thought that was rude.

STAND UP FOR = defend

Some individuals find it hard to stand up for what they believe in.

STAND UP TO = defend oneself against someone larger or stronger

I think you should stand up to your older brother and tell him to stop pushing you around.

Phrasal Verb TAKE

The phrasal verb take, like get, is one of the more popular English phrasal verbs. Look over the
list below and then do the exercise that follows.

36
Check your answers when you are through to see how well you know the phrasal verb take.

TAKE AFTER = resemble a parent - similar to

Most people say I take after my father. I look a lot like him.

TAKE AROUND = introduce, show

Let me take you around to those you don't know.

TAKE AWAY = A. remove B. leave (mentally, in your mind)

A. Mother took the toys away from the children for misbehaving.
B. The smell of coconut oil took me away to a tropical island.

TAKE BACK = A. retract sth said B. return sth to a store, exchange

A. The politician tried to take back what he said to the press.

B. The gift I received didn't fit, so I took it back and exchanged it for sth else.

TAKE DOWN = A. write what is spoken, keep notes B. remove

A. The secretary took down the minutes of the meeting

B. The building owners had to take down the wifi tower on top of their building.

TAKE FOR = consider, view

Don't take him for an idiot... he's actually quite smart.

TAKE IN = A. learn B. deceive C. make smaller D. watch

A. Many students have difficulties taking in all these phrasal verbs.

B. She was taken in by the smooth talking salesman.
C. The tailor took in my jacket after I lost weight.
D. Let's take in a movie sometime.

TAKE OFF = A. launch plane or rocket B. remove C. leave work for some time D. leave

A. The rocket took off with a loud blast and cloud of smoke.
B. "Take off your shoes, I just vacuumed," said mother.
C. I took a few days off of work last week as I was a bit sick.
D. We took off after the last bell rang.

TAKE ON = accept responsibilities

She has taken on more than she can handle I'm afraid.

TAKE OVER = take control of

Mike took over the family business when his father retired.

TAKE OUT = A. date, court B. kill C. remove

A. I am taking Jill out to a movie tonight.

B. The mob ordered a hit on three fingers Tony. They are going to take him out.
C. He had to take out the garbage after dinner.

TAKE TO = A. like B. adjust naturally

A. She has really taken to John since she's been here visiting.
B. The baby ducks took to the water like, well, ducks to water.

TAKE UP = A. begin a hobby B. discuss at later time C. shorten a garment D. occupy space

A. "Who took up archery? I see the bow and arrows over there."
B. This should be taken up at the next meeting.

37
C. "She's nuts! She wants her mini skirt taken up."
D. "He takes up too much space. Do we have to share a room?"

Phrasal verb TURN

The phrasal verb turn is listed below along with an exercise for you to check your understanding. I
recommend looking over the list then doing the exercise.

Also, if you need additional material, you can search at the bottom of this page.

TURN AWAY = refuse service or entrance

They turned us away at the restaurant because we didn't have on shoes.

TURN AROUND = change (reverse) direction

The plane turned around and went back the airport because of mechanical problems.

TURN DOWN = A. refuse an offer or application B. reduce volume

A. He turned down the dessert as he had already eaten too much.

B. Turn down the TV. I'm trying to talk on the phone.

TURN IN = A. submit B. go to bed

A. You need to turn in your homework everyday.

B. Did you see the news last night? No, I turned in early.

TURN INTO = change from one form to another, transform

She kissed the frog, and it turned into a handsome prince.

TURN OFF = A. deliberately stop working (a stove, TV, etc.) B. something non pleasing or off
putting sexually

A. Don't forget to turn off the TV before you go to school.

B. Her bad breath was a real turn off so I said good night.

TURN ON = A. expected attack B. start to use TV, radio, car, etc. C. cause sexual excitement

A. The pit bull suddenly turned on the small child.

B. Turn on the TV. It's time for the news.
C. Back rubs can be a real turn on.

TURN OUT = A. produce B. switch off a light C. attend as audience D. end up being (finally
discovering)

A. The workers can turn out 200 cars a day.

B. Turn out the light when you are through.
C. Over 1,000,000 people turned out for the inauguration.
D. My neighbor turned out to be a Nazi war criminal.

TURN OVER = give to authorities or rightful owners

They turned over the concert tickets to the kids who had lost them.

TURN UP = A. increase volume or capacity of a device B. find unexpectedly

A. Turn up the radio. I really like this new song.

B. My wallet turned up outside the nightclub but it was empty.

Phrasal Verbs with UP

38
Conditionals
Type 1 refers to present or future time [possible situations]

If + simple present + will / can / may / might + infinitive

If he wants to go to Michigan, Ill let him.

If she is quiet, shell hear the answer.
If they can afford it, theyll go on vacation to England.
If he has any time, he can stop at the store.

Type 2 refers to past or future time [unlikely situations, unreal or imaginary]

If + simple past + would / could / might + infinitive

If he wanted to go to Michigan, Id let him.

If she were quiet, shed hear the answer.
If they could afford it, theyd go on vacation to England.
If he had any time, he could stop at the store.

Type 3 refers to past time [actions that didnt happen or, if they did, the outcome
would be different tan it is now]

If + past perfect + would / could / might + have + past participle

If he had wanted to go to Michigan, Id have let him.

If she had been quiet, shed have heard the answer.
If they had been able to afford it, theyd have gone on vacation to England.
If he had had any time, he could have stopped at the store.

Mixed Conditionals - Various tense combinations are possible depending on the

context, or logic, of the condition.

39
 <>

style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-ansi-language: EN-US">If you

had seen it happen, youd know why Im concerned.

[You didnt see it happen, so you cant know why Im concerned]

If you are such a risk taker, why didnt you bet on the outcome?
[A real risk taker would have bet on the outcome]

If the plane landed on time, shell be long gone by now.

[Depending on the time the plane was to land in relation to now]

If + should [implies probability - though not very great]

If he should ask, tell him Ill be back shortly. (If he happens to ask)

Inverted Conditionals = check under the Michigan TIPS entitled inversion for a
more detailed look at the following

The words should, had and were can be placed before the subject, with the word if
omitted.

If he should ask, tell him Ill be back in a few minutes.

Should he ask, tell him Ill be back in a few minutes.

If I were in your position, I would quit.

Were I in your position, I would quit.

If I had seen Francis, I would have invited him as well.

Had I seen Francis, I would have invited him as well.

BUT for: [meaning without]

If it wasnt for = without

If it hadnt been for = without

But for her, I would have given up long ago.

But for your help, I wouldnt have been able to finish the project.

If + will / would expresses willingness, refusal, insistence,

desire, request, annoyance, etc.

If you will / would wait a moment, the manager will be with you shortly.
If you will keep on making noise, I will send you out of the room.
If she would see it my way, we could get through the problem easily.

We can express doubt or uncertainty with: I dont know / I doubt / I wonder / Im

not sure if / whether.

I doubt if he will agree to such terms in the contract.

I dont know if she will accept your invitation to the party.

If + would [for reported speech]

He asked me if / whether I would tell anyone else.

If + would like [if + want / wish]

40
 If you would like to receive our newsletter, fill out this application.

***Dont use future tenses after the following words or phrases:

Unless, provided/providing, even if, suppose/supposing, on condition that, so /

as long as, in case

I will let you go to the game provided you come home early.
Unless he changes his mind, Ill lose my job. [NOT: Unless he will change]
I can lend you my phone on condition you dont lose it.
You can get a cat as / so long as you look after it yourself.
I will never forget my baptism as long as I live. [NOT: as long as I will live.]
Take your sweater in case it gets cold later.
Even if he leaves now, hell miss his train. [NOT: Even if he will leave]

**NOTE: UNLESS

Unless can be used to mean - if not:

Ill tell your mother unless you behave [NOT: unless you dont behave.]

Unless can be used to mean - except. if, we can sometimes use a negative
structure after it.

Hell stay unless you dont want him to. [This is rare but tested item]

In case is followed by a present or past tense, or by should [might]

Take a compass in case you get lost. [NOT: in case you will get lost.]

OR

He took a compass in case he got lost.

He took a compass in case he should get lost

Too, Very, Enough...

The following can present tricky situations on your examination so I decided to give you
a quick review of the following words.

=====

Very, Too, Enough, Each, Both, Else, Other, All, Whole

=====

VERY

She is very short. = true statement

She is too short to play basketball. = negative meaning

NOT very short to

41
She is tall enough to play basketball. = positive meaning

NOT enough tall to

TOO MUCH + NOUN

There was too much sugar in the tea.

MUCH TOO + ADJECTIVE

The tea was much too sweet to drink.

NOT was too much sweet

** VERY MUCH -- is normally used after the object

I like Picassos paintings very much.

NOT I like very much Picassos paintings.

EACH & BOTH

Each takes a singular verb if it is followed directly by a noun.

Each book has been sold over the internet.

Each takes a singular or plural verb if followed by of + pronoun / noun.

Each of them is / are to take the test.

Both needs a plural verb.

Both athletes were competing for the gold medal.

Both of the athletes were in competition for the gold medal.

ALL & WHOLE

All + Noun

All students must sign in.

All (of) + the, this, that, these, those, my, your, etc.

He wasted all (of) his time playing video games.

All of + you, it, us, them:

All of you need to leave this area immediately.

Whole the, a, this, my, etc. + whole + noun

The + whole of the + noun

42
The whole meal was a disaster. (= every part of the meal)

The whole of the class. OR: The whole class.

**NOTE: He complained the whole time.

OR: He complained all the time.

ELSE & OTHER

Someone, anyone, no one, everyone, etc. + else

They must be someone elses.

NOT: someones else.

Who, what, where, how + else

They must be at home. Where else could they be?

Every other day (= every second day)

I go the health club every other day.

The other day (= a few days ago or before)

I saw him the other day going into the mall parking lot.

None other than (= no one else but) shows surprise

My new neighbor turned out to be none other than a friend from grade school!

** NOTE - Another + expressions of distance, money or time

If you want breakfast included, itll cost you another $10 per night.

In another year, well have paid off our car loan.

==================================================

Nouns and Plurals

Their furniture is very stylish. [Also singular: advice, baggage, machinery, jewellery]
[NOT: their furnitures are] Only three pieces of furniture were damaged in the fire.

43
The love of money is the root of all evil.
[NOT: Money are]
Have the police solved the murder yet?
[NOT: Has the police]
The information you gave me was much appreciated.
[NOT: The informations were]
Your hair looks really nice today.
[NOT: Your hairs look]
Its often been said that no news is good news.
[NOT: No news are]
Fish is good food.
[NOT: Fish are or fishes are]
Where are my jeans/slacks/pants?
[NOT: Where is my jeans/slacks/pants?]
That is a nice pair of jeans youre wearing.
[ALSO: shorts, swimming trunks, tights, trousers]
*[CAREFUL: Those are nice shorts]
Crossroads is an old song by Robert Johnson.
[NOT: Crossroads are]
*[CAREFUL: The crossroads are on the outskirts of town.]

*Tricky words and combinations.

Why were you delayed at customs ?

Damages were paid to the victims family.
Where are the goods I ordered?
The outskirts of town can be dangerous at times.
Spirits (alcoholic beverages) are taxed more than tobacco is.
These are very comfortable surroundings .
These premises are protected by a large guard dog.
Sometimes my earnings dont seem to cover my expenses.

UNCOUNTABLE: [anarchy, behavior, chaos, damage, evidence, excitement, fun, help,

knowledge, luck, equipment, permission, propaganda, progress, seaside, shopping,
traffic, weather]

I need some assistance.

[NOT: an assistance]
Its hard to find work these days.
[NOT: a work]

Words that look plural but take singular verbs:

Some people think physics is difficult. [gymnastics, billiards, mathematics, etc.]

[NOT: physics are]

COLLECTIVE NOUNS: [audience, class, crew, crowd, enemy, family, government,

public, team, jury, committee, etc.]

The audience is quite large for a Monday evening.

[NOT: The audience are]
My brother-in-law is a teacher.
My brothers-in-law are both short.
*My brother-in-laws job is very rewarding.
A passer-by was injured in the accident.
Several passers-by witnessed the assault.
Four hundred people attended the seminar.
[NOT: Four hundreds]
[CAREFUL: Hundreds of fans welcomed the team at the airport.

44
 The Unreal Past
The unreal past is simply a past tense being used to refer to a present or future time. If
youre scratching your head saying, huh,? dont worry, as the following is designed to
make it all quite clear.

Those items you need to pay special attention to are the following:

Wishes
As if
If only
Would rather
Had better
Set phrases Its high/about time
Suppose/supposing

Below are short descriptions with examples. Pay attention to the examples as they
should help clarify any difficulties in this often tested item.

The Unreal Past

The past tense form of the verb referring to the present / future time.

I wish we had more time. (but we dont)

He talks to me as if he was / were the king. (but he isnt)
If only I could drive. (but I cant)
Id rather you drove not me.
If I found it, I would keep it. [2nd type conditional]
Its high / about time he got a job. [NOT: he gets ]

** NOTE: Its time for us to go. -- OR -- Its time we went. [NOT: Its time we go.]

Its a great idea, but suppose / supposing your father refused / were to refuse?

When the past perfect is used then the time referred to is in the past and not the
present or future.

I wish we had taken your advice. (but we didnt)

She looked as if / as though she hadnt combed her hair in days.
If only you had accepted the offer. (but you didnt)
Id rather you had called me sooner. (but you didnt)
If I had known that, Id have contacted him. [3rd conditionals]
Suppose they had actually won, what would have happened? (they didnt win)

** NOTE: Wishes with same or different subjects

I wish I lived downtown. (but I dont live)

I wish I was going on vacation. (but Im not going)

I wish + a different subject + would is used to show a desire for a future change or a
request showing dissatisfaction.

I wish it would stop snowing.

I wish you would be more polite.

45
Would rather / Would sooner

Present / future time

Id rather eat now. [same subject, present infinitive]

Id rather not eat now

ALSO: Id rather go to college than get a job.

Id rather we ate now. [different subjects, simple past]

Id rather we didnt eat now.

Past time

Id rather have stayed yesterday. [same subject, perfect infinitive]

Id rather not have stayed yesterday.

Id rather she had left yesterday. [different subjects, past perfect]

Id rather she hadnt left yesterday.

Had better

Present / future time

Youd better apologize to her. [NOT: to apologize]

Wed better not say anything to Dad.

Past time

It would have been better if we hadnt said anything to Dad.

** NOTE: The phrases would rather and had better can be

followed by progressive infinitives.

Id rather be sailing today.

Hed better not be playing when we get there!

Wish, Hope

I wish + someone + noun

I hope + subject + verb

I wish you well / happy holidays.

I hope you enjoy your vacation.

**NOTE: Exceptions

I wish to see the manager. (want)

I hope to see you soon. (would like, expect, desire)

English Language Inversion

46
When the following words or phrases are used at the beginning of the sentence, the rest
of it has an interrogative structure.

1 never, rarely, seldom

Never had we seen such an event!

2 hardly when, scarcely when, no sooner than

No sooner had I sat down than the bell rang.

3 only by, only in this way, not only but also, only then

Only then did I realize who I was talking to.

4 not (even) once, not often

Not once did you call for help.

5 on no account, in no way, under no circumstances, by no means, at no time

Under no circumstances should this door be left unlocked.

6 little, nowhere, in vain Little did he know what he was about to encounter.

7 so + adj / adv that; such (a) + adj + noun that

So filthy were his clothes that we all gagged from the smell.

Such an awful time we had that we left after only thirty minutes.

NOTE only after, only when, only if, not until / till, have the inversion in the main
clause:

Only when I called to cancel did I learn that the meting had been changed.

Not until you finish your homework can you go out to play.

Inverted Conditionals

If I were you, I would catch the next train out.

Inverted as...

Were I you, I would catch the next train out.

If I had known that, I wouldnt have bothered to come.

Inverted as...

Had I known that, I wouldnt have bothered to come.

If he should call, ask him to leave a message.

Inverted as...

47
Should he call, ask him to leave a message.

======================================

listening
http://www.parapal-online.co.uk/listening.html

http://www.cdm.com/knowledge_center/expert_interviews/

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http://www.huggieshappybaby.com/info/interview/index.aspx?
d=1&_nc=633076202337044666&_nockcheck=
true&_nc=633076406773079572&_nockcheck=true

www.dailyesl.com
www.ezslang.com
www.trainyouraccent.com
www.tips4students.com

MELICET & MELAB

Short Questions and Statements

You'll hear: Would you have gone to university if you were given the chance?

You'll read:

A) No, I didn't go.

B) Yes, had I given.

C) Yes, given the chance. *

Emphasis Questions

You'll hear:

Now look, John, I told you to rewrite the FIRST two sentences.

You'll read:

The speaker would continue...

A) not just copy them

B) not the first two lines

C) not the last two *

Lecture Questions

You'll hear:

48
Stagnation is a term we often hear from economists. Prices and the cost of living rise if
the supply of money is increased accordingly. When there is no increase in the supply of
money forces that cause prices to typically rise are absent - thus leading to a situation
where prices remain steady or even fall slightly. Similar factors can be at work when
concerning the grades being distributed at some schools. Just as an increase in the
supply of money devalues money, so the handing out of many high grades, or marks,
makes each high grade less valuable. Where it used to be difficult to get As in the past
has now actually become easy. As a result, an A is actually worth less than it was some
years ago. . . .

(You'll see a chart on the answer sheet)

You'll hear:

What is the problem presented at the beginning of the lecture?

You'll read:

A) Grades are getting lower.

B) Grades are too high. *

C) Engineering students grades are low.

ECPE, MTELP, MELICET

Conversation Questions

Man: Why is it so cold in hear?

Woman: Because the heater is broken

Man: Well, why don't you light a fire?

Woman: I guess it didn't occur to me.

A) She forgot to start a fire

B) She left a windo open

C) She didn't think of starting a fire *

Inference Questions

ECPE & MELAB

You'll hear:

Have you finished that homework for English class?

You'll read:

A) Mary told me not to do it

B) Just about *

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C) When did you want it?

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There is another section in The ECPE called 'the expert speaks' where you listen to
someone speak for about 3-5 minutes on a subject and are asked questions after.

Proper note taking becomes important in that particular section of the test.

Something to be discussed in a future Michigan TIPS.

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