Fire & safety in Hospital Building

This sub-division shall include any building or a group of buildings under single
management, which is used for housing persons suffering from physical limitations
because of health or age, for example, hospitals, infirmaries, sanatoria and nursing
homes.

Source : NBC 2005 PG- 96, 97

 NOTE:-
1 Occupant load in dormitory portions of homes for the
aged, orphanages, insane asylums, etc, where sleeping
accommodation is provided, shall be calculated at not
less than 7.5 m2 gross floor area/person.

Source NBC:2005 PG- 170

NOTE:

2 Required to be installed in basement if area of basement exceeds 200 m2.

4 Additional value given in parenthesis shall be added if basement area exceeds 200 m2.

19 One electric and one diesel pump of capacity 1 620 l/min and one electric pump of capacity 180 l/min

Source NBC:2005 PG- 180, 181

Other Requirements for Hospital Buildings
6.3.3 Exit Facilities
In addition to the provisions of 4, the following
requirements shall be complied with.
6.3.3.1 In buildings or sections occupied by bedridden
patients where the floor area is over 280 m 2,
facilities shall be provided to move patients in hospital
beds to the other side of a smoke barrier from any part
of such building or section not directly served by
approved horizontal exits or exits from the first floor
(floor 2) of a building to the outside.

6.3.3.2 Not less than two exits of one or more of the

following types shall be provided for every floor,
including basement, of every building or section:
a) Doors leading directly outside the building;
b) Stairways;
c) Ramps;
d) Horizontal exits; and
e) Fire tower.
6.3.3.3 All required exits that serve as egress from
hospital or infirmary sections shall be not less than
2 m in clear width including patient bedroom doors to
permit transportation of patients on beds, litters, or
mattresses. The minimum width of corridors serving
patients bedrooms in buildings shall be 2 400 mm. For
detailed information on recommendations for buildings
and facilities for the physically handicapped, reference
may be made to good practice [4(27)].
6.3.3.4 Elevators constitute a desirable supplementary
facility, but are not counted as required exits. Patient
lifts shall also be provided with enough room for
transporting a stretcher trolley.
6.3.3.5 Any area exceeding 500 m2 shall be divided
into compartments by fire resistant walls.
6.3.3.6 Doors in fire resistant walls shall be so installed
that these may normally be kept in open position, but
will close automatically. Corridor door openings in
smoke barriers shall be not less than 2 000 mm in width.
Provision shall also be made for double swing single/
double leaf type door.
6.3.3.7 Exits and other features for penal and mental
institutions, and custodial institutions shall be the same
as specified for hospitals, in so far as applicable.
Reliable means shall be provided to permit the prompt
release of inmates from any locked section in case of
fire or other emergency.
6.3.3.8 Wherever any inmates are confined in any locked
rooms or spaces, adequate guards or other personnel shall
be continuously on duty or immediately available to
provide for release of inmates or for such other action as
may be indicated in case of fire or other emergency.
6.3.3.9 No building constructed in whole or in part of
combustible materials shall be used to confine inmates
in cells or sleeping quarters, unless automatic sprinkler
protection is provided.
6.3.3.10 All buildings or sections of buildings in penal
and mental institutions used for manufacturing, storage
or office purposes shall have exits in accordance with
the provisions of the Code for those occupancies.

6.3.5 Exceptions and Deviations

It is recognized that in institutions or part of buildings
housing various types of psychiatric patients, or used
as penal and mental institutions, it is necessary to
maintain locked doors and barred windows; and to such
extent the necessary provision in other sections of the
Code requiring the keeping of exits unlocked may be
waived. It is also recognized that certain type of
psychiatric patients are not capable of seeking safety
without adequate guidance. In buildings where this
situation prevails, reliable means for the rapid release
of occupants shall be provided, such as remote control
of locks, or by keying all locks to keys commonly used
by attendants.
Source NBC 2005; PG - 195