BTS SIO 1

Recap Introduction To Computer Sciences

1 BTS SIO 1

Definition of terms:

A computer is an electronic machine, operating under the control of instructions stored

in its own memory, which can accept data, manipulate the data according to specified
rules, produce results, and store the results for future use. Computers process data to
create information.

Data is a collection of raw unprocessed facts, figures, and symbols.

Information is data that is organized, meaningful, and useful. To process data into
information, a computer uses hardware and software.

Hardware is the electric, electronic, and mechanical equipment that makes up a

computer.

Software is the series of instructions that tells the hardware how to perform tasks.

Personal computers (PCs) and their

environment:

A computer is composed of a CPU and

peripheral devices

All devices are connected to the CPU.

A device is a computing component which

allows the user to exchange with the CPU.

There are 3 types of devices:

Input devices which send information to

the CPU

Output devices which receive information

from the CPU

Input and output devices which receive

and send information to the CPU
BTS SIO 1

Data Storage

In a computer, data storage is the place where data is held in an

electromagnetic or optical form for access by a computer processor.

Storage is frequently used to describe the devices and data connected to the
computer through input/output (I/O) operations; that is, hard disk and tape
systems and other forms of storage that don't include computer memory and
other in-computer storage.

Programs:

Also known as an app, application, software application or software program.

It is the most common software on the computer that performs a special

function or task.

For example, Microsoft Word is a word processor program that allows users to
create and write documents and the browser you are using to view a webpage is a
program. Without programmes, a computer would still work with the operating
system, but you would not be able to do anything.

Apps vs. programs

When Apple introduced the iPhone they popularized the term 'App,' but an app
(application) and program are really the same thing. Today, most people think of
an 'app' as an application on an Apple computer or a program on
a smartphone or tablet and a program as something that runs on a computer.

With all the different ways companies and people use these terms it is best to
think of an application, app, and program as the same things.

Operating system:

An operating system or OS is a software program that enables the computer

hardware to communicate and operate with the computer software. Without a
computer operating system, a computer and software programs would be useless.

Computing vs Information Technology

BTS SIO 1

Computing is the process of using computer technology to complete a task.

Computing may involve computer hardware and/or software, but must involve
some form of a computer system.

I.T is the Set of tools, processes, and methodologies (such as

coding/programming, data communications, data conversion, storage, systems
analysis and design, systems control) and associated equipment employed to
collect, process, and present information.

Grammar in Use

Computing may involve computer hardware and/or software, but must involve
some form of a computer system.