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EXERCISE 1:PRONOUNS
EXERCISE 16 : SOME/ANY
EXERCISE 49 : COMPARATIVE/SUPERLATIVE
EXERCISE 51 : COMPARATIVE/SUPERLATIVE
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EXERCISE1 : PRONOUNS
Complete the following sentences with the necessary "Subject Pronouns" or "Object
Pronouns".
Subject Pronouns Object Pronouns
I Me
You You
He Him
She Her
It It
We Us
They Them
Example: Mary doesn't love me, but.............................. love her very much.
Mary doesn't love me, but I love her very much.
She is not in love with ............................... but I am in love with....
She is not in love with me, but I am in love with her.
1. Mary has got a lot of books............................... is
putting .............................. on the shelves.
2. The thief is trying to run away and the policeman is running
after ................................
3. There is a girl sitting on the chair, and the nurse is looking
after ................................
4. The boy is standing near the board and is writing the sentences
on ................................
5. The children are eating apples............................... are
eating .............................. in the garden.
6. The girl is in the ambulance and the doctor is taking.............................. to
(the) hospital.
7. Jack is sitting in front of Helen. He is not sitting
behind ................................
8. There are a lot of dogs in the garden, and my daughter is playing
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with ................................
9. The woman is taking the boy home............................... is
carrying .............................. in her arms.
10. There are a lot of snakes on the farm, but I am not afraid
of................................
11. The girl has a car but she cannot drive ............... because .............
doesn't have a driving licence.
12. She says that she is afraid of............................... because I have
piercing looks.
13. She thinks that.............................. am not interested in Turkish
music.
14. I am sitting next to Caroline........... are close friends and everybody
is jealous of...............
15. The woman is very poor; therefore,.............................. is begging for
money in the streets.
16. The birds are in the tree................ are singing happily and we are
listening to ........................
17. She doesn't want to go out with..............................; she thinks that I
am not handsome.
18. If you see Melissa, tell.............................. that..............................
love ................................
19. The girl is in bed. .............................. is sleeping like an angel.
20. My twin-brother looks like .......................... but I don't
love .............................. very much.
21. Helena hates ............................. but I love .............................. very
much.
22. The bus is at the bus-stop and the women are getting
on ........................ with their children.
EXERCISE 2:POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES/PRONOUNS
Complete the following sentences with the Possessive Adjective or Possessive
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Pronoun
Possessive Adjectives Possessive Pronouns
My mine
Your yours
His his
Her hers
Its ..
Our ours
Their theirs
Example: This is my friend, Maria. ....................husband is a teacher, (she)
This is my friend, Maria. Her husband is a teacher.
1. ......................... neighbour's house is bigger than. ................... (we)
2. Those are not............................. children. ...... .... ... are in the cinema
now. (we)
3. .............................. teacher always confuses your name
with ............................... (I)
4. My book is more interesting than...... ..................... I think, (you)
5. Rose wears ear-rings, but........................ ear-rings are more expensive than
hers. (I)
6. The dog is eating a bone. .... .......... . teeth are very sharp. (it)
7. This pencil isn't............................; it is mine. (you)
8. I don't think that is ... .......... ....; .... ............. suitcase is green, (she)
9. The boys are riding on ........... .... ... bicycles in the street, (they)
10. We are listening to our teacher, not................................ (you)
11. Please pass these books to your friends. They are.......... ...... ..
(they)
12. I always buy .............................. sister a box of chocolate at this
supermarket. (I)
13. .. ...... .........umbrella is not black. It is blue. (I)
14. The man is going to the cinema wit. wife, (he)
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15. These are Mr. and Mrs. Brown. That is ............................ house,
(they)
16. There are some books on the desk, but they are not..........................
(we)
17. Is your brother a businessman? ............................ is a medical
doctor. (I)
18. There is a car in front of the building. Is it ..... ..... ....? (you)
19. Look at that dog over there! .... ..... ..... eyes are blue, (it)
20. Zeynep's bag is very heavy, but............................ is very light. (I)
21. Our house is near the school, but ..... ..... ..... house is not. (they)
22. He is my room-mate. ......... ....... name is Peter, (he)
23. My father is more successful than ......... ..... .... father, (she)
24. Don't bother to bring a camera; you can use .... ..... .... . (I)
EXERCISE 3 :POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES/PRONOUNS
Complete the following sentences with a "Subject Pronoun", "Object Pronoun" or
"Possessive Adjective".
Subject Pronouns Object Pronouns Possessive
Adjectives
1. I me my
2. you you your
3. he him his
4. she her her
5. it it its
6. we us our
7. you you your
8. they them their
Example: I love Julia, but................... doesn't love me. (she / her)
I love Julia, but she doesn't love me.
1. ................name is Anna Vissi, and..............come from Greece.
2. Everybody loves.................. (I / me / my)
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3. My name is Anna Vissi, and I come from Greece. Everybody loves me.
4. My sister is a medical doctor and ............ works in Germany, but I don't
know .............. phone number.(she/her)
5. Can you help ................... with ................... homework? (I / me / my)
6. Mary writes to.................... but they don't write to her very often, (they
/them / their)
7. ..................always spend ................... holidays in Spain with ...................
friends, (we / us / our)
8. Melissa doesn't tell................... the truth, and ................... am very sorry for
it. (I / me / my)
9. The teacher always asks ................... very difficult questions
whenever ................... have an English exam. (they / them / their)
10. ................... is my girlfriend.................... name is Silvia, but...................
cannot speak Turkish very well, (she / her)
11. The boys are riding ................... bicycles in the street, and ................... are
very cheerful but I cannot see ...................faces very well, (they / them / their)
12. Helen is going to school with................... boyfriend today....................
school is a long way from here, (she / her)
13. The teacher is looking at.................... but................... are not listening to
her, because ................... friend is telling................... a funny story, (we / us / our)
14. ................... are taking................... children to the zoo in the afternoon,
aren't...................?
(they / them / their)
15. ................... is very beautiful. I think I am in love
with....................but................... father doesn't let me go out with....................
(she/her)
16. I always help Melissa, but she never helps ................... with ...................
homework. She thinks that................... am very lazy. (I / me / my)
17. I have got two children, and I love ................... very much, but...................
don't love me so much.
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a. (they / them / their)
18. I don't like ................... because ................... is very selfish, but I
like ................... sister, (she / her)
a) I you he she it we
they
b) me you him her it us
them
c) my your his her its our
their
d) mine yours his hers . ours
theirs
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16. Mary and Jane's weddings are today :
17. Mary says that she is Peter's cousin :
18. Peter and Mary's children are very smart :
19. Pasteur and Fleming's discoveries are very important:
20. My friend's dog is very clever :
21. Your mother's hands are very large :
22. Angela's sister is out of her mind :
23. Julia's father is very old :
24. The girls' skirts are very short :
25. The students' teacher is very happy :
26. We don't obey the captain's orders :
27. The man's loyally to her is adorable :
28. What do you think of Oya's latest novel? :
29. We are talking about her husband's death :
30. I got well again under the doctor's treatment :
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A: What language do you speak? B: I speak French.
A: What nationality are you? B: I am French.
Example: I come from France, so I am French and I speak French.
1. Sylvia comes from England, so she
_________________________________
2. Martha Andrado comes from Spain, so
she_________________________________
3. We come from Mexico, so we_________________________________.
4. My parents come from Denmark, so
they_________________________________
5. The belly dancer comes from Egypt, so
she_________________________________
6. Those women come from Saudi Arabia, so
they_________________________________
7. Jennifer comes from Ireland, so
she_________________________________
8. Those doctors come from Sweden, so
they_________________________________
9. The woman comes from Georgia, so
she_________________________________
10. The tourists at this hotel come from China, so they
_________________________________
11. My father comes from Norway, so he
_________________________________
12. Those pilots come from Japan, so
they_________________________________
13. The students in our school come from Canada, so
they_________________________________
14. Natalie comes from the Russian Federation, so
she_________________________________
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15. We come from Germany, so we_________________________________
16. Those students come from Armenia, so they
_________________________________
17. That pretty woman comes from Iran, so
she_________________________________
18. My brother-in-law comes from Syria, so
he_________________________________
19. Eileen's brothers come from Italy, so they
_________________________________
20. My teacher comes from Finland, so
she_________________________________
21. These nurses come from the U.S.A., so they
_________________________________
22. Carlos comes from Brazil, so he _________________________________
23. My cousins come from Turkey, so
they_________________________________
24. The woman in red comes from Libya, so
she_________________________________
25. Carmen comes from Greece, so she
_________________________________
26. Your brothers come from Portugal, so
they_________________________________
27. Our teachers come from Scotland, so
they_________________________________
28. That lady in the corner comes from Belgium, so she
_________________________________
29. That doctor comes from Poland, so he
_________________________________
30. My uncle comes from Jordan, so
he_________________________________
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EXERCISE 12: PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
Change the following sentences into "Plural" making all the necessary changes.
Example: She is a lovely woman. They are lovely women.
1.It is an ancient city :
2.This man is very famous :
3.I am not a poet :
4.There is a fly on the floor :
5.Is he a teacher? :
6.That is her book :
7.His hand is clean :
8.The fireman is on the roof :
9.The glass is full of water :
10. The sheep is eating the grass :
11. The mouse is in the house :
12. The leaf is falling down :
13. He is a very clever child :
14. Are you a policeman? :
15. He is not a rich man :
16. The brush is on the chair :
17. The wife of this man is a thief :
18. The deer is running very fast :
19. The baby is very beautiful :
20. This box of chocolate is very big :
21. The fool of this man is very large :
22. Look at that church over there! :
23. The aircraft is bombing the city :
24. The life of this poet is miserable :
25. The knife on the table is sharp :
26. Put the book on the shelf :
27. The ox is grazing in the field :
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28. Put the dish into the oven :
29. She is preparing the quiz :
30. Where is the loaf of bread? :
31. This piece of chalk is green :
32. She is a beautiful lady :
33. The bus is waiting at the bus-stop :
EXERCISE 13 : PLURAL FORMS OF NOUNS
Complete the following sentences with the "Plural Forms of Nouns" from the list below.
BRANCH HALF KNIFE BOX BACTERIUM GOOSE LOAF
CRITERION BRUSH LEAF SHELF COUNTRY DRESS CITY
CHILD
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ADDRESS FOOT FAMILY PIECE DICTIONARY SPY
TOOTH BUS
AX FACTORY STORY BABY DAISY MOUSE
SECRETARY
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2.( .). He/she fits and mends water, gas and sewage pipes.
3.( .). He/she designs, makes or works with machinery.
4.( .). He/she draws and paints pictures.
5.( .). He/she helps doctors and looks after sick or injured people in
hospital.
6.( .). He/she performs medical operations in hospitals,
7.( .). She helps women to give birth to children.
8.( .). He/she sells fish in a shop.
9.( .). He/she writes books, articles or plays.
10.( .). He/she makes decisions in a court of law on legal matters.
pharmacist hairdresser baby sitter astronaut doctor
butcher barber dentist judge architect
1. (.) . He/she treats sick or injured people.
2. (.) . He/she takes care of children while their parents are away.
3. (.) . He/she cuts women's hair and puts it into a style.
4. (.) . He/she prepares and sells medicines.
5. (.) . He cuts men's hair.
6. (.) . He/she makes the plans of buildings.
7. (.) . He/she travels in spacecraft in space,
8. (.) . He/she decides which person is the best in a competition.
9. (.) . He/she treats people's teeth.
10.( .) . He/she sells meal in a shop.
teacher lawyer referee locksmith psychiatrist
waiter baker coroner veterinarian psychologist
1. (.) . He/she treats menial illnesses.
2. (.) . He makes or repairs locks.
3. (.) . He/she gives people legal advice and represents them in court.
4. (.) - He/she studies human mind and explains human behaviour.
5. (.) . He/she bakes and sells bread, cakes, etc.
6. (.) . He serves food and drink to people in a restaurant.
7. (.) . He/she teaches, usually as a job at a school.
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8. (.) - He/she supervises a sports match and makes decisions.
9. (.) . He/she inquiries into the causes of accidental or sudden deaths.
10. (.) . He/she is responsible for the medical treatment of animals.
EXERCISE 15 : QUESTION WORDS
Complete the following sentences with the "QUESTION WORDS" on the list below.
WHO WHICH WHY WHOM WHOSE
HOW WHAT WHEN WHERE
1. A:........................................... often do you go to the cinema?
B: I go to the cinema twice a week.
2. A:........................................... is your father from?
B: My father is from Cyprus.
3. A:........................................... is the weather like today?
B: It is very sunny today.
4. A: ..does David talk to on the phone for half an hour
every day?
B: He talks to Helen on the phone for half an hour every day.
5. A:........................................... does your son wait for in front of the house
every morning?
B: My son waits for his girlfriend in front of the house every morning.
6. A:........................................... is your father?
B: He is very well, thank you.
7. A:........................................... looks after patients in hospitals?
B: Nurses look after patients in hospitals.
8. A: .......................................... long does your sister watch TV a day?
B: She watches TV for three hours a day.
9. A: .......................................... many cigarettes does your father smoke a
day?
B: He smokes ten cigarettes a day.
10. A:........................................... old is your wife?
B: She is almost sixty years old.
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11. A:........................................... are you married to?
B: I am married to Jennifer Topes.
12. A: To ........................................... is your daughter engaged?
B: She is engaged to Tom Jones.
13. A:........................................... do you like doing in the morning?
B: I like watering the flowers in the morning.
14. A: At........................................... time do your parents have breakfast in the
morning?
B: They have breakfast at seven oclock in the morning.
15. A:........................................... much money do you spend on your holidays?
B: I spend a lot of money on my holidays.
16. A:........................................... are you? /........................................... do you
do?
B: I am a medical doctor.
17. A:....................................... many tomatoes do you need for the pizza?
B: I need five tomatoes for the pizza,
18. A: ...........................................are you waiting for?
B: I am waiting for the bus.
19. A: With ...........................................does Silvia go to the cinema every
week?
B: She goes to the cinema with her boyfriend every week,
20. A: ...........................................lives in a big house outside Paris?
B: My parents live in a big house outside Paris.
21. A: ................................. bicycle do you always ride on?
B: I always ride on my friend's bicycle.
22. A:. ........................................... mosque does your father go to on Fridays?
B: My father goes to the Blue Mosque on Fridays.
23. A:...........................................long does it take to go there by bus?
B: it takes five hours to go there by bus.
24. A:........................................... colour do you prefer, red or blue?
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B: I prefer blue.
25. A: ...........................................far is the hospital from here?
B: The hospital is five kilometres from here.
26. A: .............................................. colour are your eyes?
B: My eyes are green.
27. A: ........................................... time is it now?
B: It is (a) quarter to six now.
28. A: ...................................................... does your father get up?
B: My father gets up when the sun rises.
29. A: ....................................... kind of people live here?
B: Very honest people live here.
30. A:........................................ kind of films do you like watching on TV?
B: I like watching horror films on TV
31. A................................................ fast does a cheetah run?
B: A cheetah runs very fast
32. A: To ......................................... do you apply for more information?
B: I apply to Mr Harris on for more information.
33. A...........................................children are they?
B: They are Mr Brown's children.
34. A: .................................................... language does your father speak?
B: My father speaks Japanese.
EXERCISE 16 : SOME/ANY
Answer the following questions using "SOME" or "ANY".
Example: Are there any children in the garden?
a.Yes, there are some children in the garden.
b.No, there are not any children in the garden.
1. Is there any sugar in the tea?
Yes, ....................................................................................
No,.............................................................................
2. Are there any boys in the library?
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Yes, .......................................................................................
No,..........................................................................
3. Are there any waiters in the cafeteria?
Yes,.............................................................................
No...............................................................................
4. Have you got any time to play tennis with me?
Yes.........................................................................................
No...............................................................................
5. Are there any candles on the cake?
Yes.........................................................................................
No.............................................................................
6. Is there any flour in the cupboard?
Yes, .......................................................................................
No.....................................................................................
7. Have you got any English books at home?
Yes, .....................................................................................
No...................................................................................
8. Do you speak any foreign languages?
Yes.........................................................................................
No................................................................................
9. Do you have any children?
Yes, ......................................................................................
No...................................................................................
1. Does your friend have any money to take a trip?
Yes.........................................................................................
No.........................................................................................
1. a
xvi. b
xvii. c
2. a
xviii. b
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xix. c
3. a
xx. b
xxi. c
4. a
xxii. b
xxiii. c
5. a
xxiv. b
xxv. c
6. a
xxvi. b
xxvii. c
7. a
xxviii. b
xxix. c
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EXERCISE 42: COMPARATIVE FORMS OF ADJECTIVES
Rewrite the following sentences using the Comparative forms of "Much" or "Little"
without changing the meaning of the sentence.
MUCH MORE THE MOST LITTLE LESS THE
LEAST
Example : My book is more interesting than yours. Your book is less interesting than
mine.
1. Martha was more polite than Sharon (was).
2. Her chair is less comfortable than mine.
3. My father is more successful than yours.
4. My dog is less playful than hers.
5. I am more forgetful than Julia (is).
6. That snake is less dangerous than this snake.
7. Our teacher is more cheerful than theirs.
8. Travelling by air is more exciting than travelling by sea.
9. Margaret is less obedient than her sister.
10. Your classroom is noisier than ours.
11. A thunderstorm is less terrible than a hurricane.
12. Fishing is more relaxing than tennis.
13. A cold is less serious than flu.
14. Pamela is more helpful than Melissa (is).
15. Fiona is less enthusiastic than Stella (is)
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EXERCISE 43 : DIFFERENT COMPARATIVE /SUPERLATIVE FORMS
Complete the following sentences with the Comparative and Superlative forms of the
"Adjectives" and "Adverbs" in brackets.
Example : a. Tom Cruise is handsomer than Mel Gibson. (handsome)
Tom Cruise is more handsome than Mel Gibson.
b. Kevin Costner is the handsomest of all the actors I know.
Kevin Costner is the most handsome of all the actors I know.
a. Julia is ................................................................. ... most people think,
(clever)
Julia is ................................ ..... ........ most people think.
b. Jennifer is ............................................................................ girl in London.
Jennifer is .............................................................................. girl in London.
a. This hotel is ... ......... ... ... .... .... .... ........ ... the hotel you are staying at.
(noisy)
This hotel is ............................................................. the hotel you are staying at.
b. This street is .......................................................................... street in Istanbul.
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This street is ......................... ......... ..... ......... street in Istanbul.
a. Zeynep is ............................ ....... .. .... ..... Melissa. ( friendly)
Zeynep is .. .... ... ... ............... .......... ..... ..Melissa.
b. Isabella is ..... .......... .... .... .. ...... .... ........ girl on our team.
Isabella is ................................................................................ girl on our team.
a. Rose has got a .... .... ......... ... ..... smile ....... ..... .... ...... .....Helen (has),
(pleasant)
Rose has got a ............................................... smile ..............................................
Rose (has).
b. Helen has got.... ....... .. .... .... ..... .... .... ... .smile in the world.
Helen has got.... .. .............................................. smile in the world.
a. This law is ....................................................................... the one we are discussing
about, (common)
This law is .................................. .............................. ... the one we are discussing
about.
b. I think,... ..... .............. .... ... .... .... ..... ..surname in Turkey is "entrk".
I think,.............. ....................................................... surname in Turkey is "
entrk ".
a. My nephew is.. ............. ... .................................... my niece, (polite)
My nephew is ............................................................ ... .. my niece.
b. Maria is .................................... .... .... .... ... . woman in the group.
Maria is ........................... .. .. .... ....... . woman in the group.
a. This path has a .... ......... .... ..... .... .slope........................................... that one.
(gentle)
This path has a .. ..................................... slope ........................... .... that one.
b. He was .............................................................................. man I have ever met.
He was ........ .... ..... ... ... ... .... .. .... ... man I have ever met
1. Paul has a lot of (many) children. Jack has a lot of (many) children, too.
2. The box is very heavy. The bag is very heavy, too.
3. Maria is very fat. Angela is very fat, too.
4. The red flower is very beautiful. The blue flower is very beautiful, too.
5. Mary is very careful. Sandra is very careful, too.
6. The Statue of Liberty is very famous. The Tower of London is very
famous, too
7. Leyla is very young. Zeynep is very young, too.
8. Lolita is very poor. Rosemary is very poor, too.
9. This problem is very difficult. That problem is very difficult, too.
10. Horror films are very thrilling. Science fiction films are very thrilling, too.
11. My father is very cheerful. My mother is very cheerful, too.
12. My brother is very rich. Your brother is very rich, too.
13. Matilda is very friendly. Rebecca is very friendly, too.
14. I have a lot of (many) books. Peter has a lot of (many) books, too.
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15. Hilda has a lot of (much) money. Sharon has a lot of (much) money, too.
16. My sister is talented for music. My brother is talented for music, too.
1. Melissa speaks Polish very fluently. Susan speaks Polish very fluently, too.
2. Tom works very hard. Diana works very hard, too.
3. My father plays the piano very badly. My mother plays the piano very
badly, too.
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4. Paul began playing the piano very late. Peter began playing the piano very
late, too.
5. Martha started very early. Claudia started very early, too.
6. Peter writes very slowly. Tom writes very slowly, too.
7. Marry danced very gracefully. Belly danced very gracefully, too.
8. Tina runs very fast. Hilary runs very fast, too.
9. I play the piano very beautifully. Sally plays the piano very beautifully, too,
10. Lara speaks Russian very perfectly. Olga speaks Russian very
perfectly.
11. Betty smokes a lot (much). Carol smokes a lot (much), too.
12. The President spoke very carelessly. The Premier spoke very
carelessly, too.
13. My sister drives very carefully. My brother drives very carefully,
too.
14. Tom escaped from prison mysteriously. Roger escaped from prison
mysteriously, too.
15. The man expressed his opinion clearly. The girl expressed her
opinion clearly, too.
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EXERCISE 47: COMPARISONS OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
Combine the following pairs of sentences using the "Structure" below.
NOT AS/NOT SO + ADJECTIVE + AS
NOT AS/NOT SO + ADVERB + AS
Example: The red book is thick. The green book is very thick. (ADJECTIVE)
The red book is not as thick as the green one. The red book is not so thick
as the green one.
Mary sings beautifully. Helen sings very beautifully. (ADVERB)
Mary does not sing as beautifully as Helen (does). Mary does not sing so beautifully as
Helen (does).
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EXERCISE 48 :THE SAME + NOUN + AS
Combine the following pairs of sentences using structures below and the "Nouns" in
brackets.
THE SAME + NOUN + AS
Example: My book is red. His book is red. (colour)
My book is the same colour as his book.
His book is the same colour as mine (my book).
1. The red dress costs fifty dollars. The blue coat costs fifty dollars, (price)
2. Jane is six years old. Marjorie is six years old. (age)
3. My father plays the violin. My brother plays the violin, (musical
instrument)
4. James has scarlet fever. Monica has scarlet fever, (disease)
5. Maria is studying Arabic. Julia is studying Arabic, (language)
6. Iran has a warm climate. Egypt has a warm climate, (kind of climate)
7. My mother was wearing a skirt. My sister was wearing a skirt, (kind of
clothing)
8. I am fond of antiques. My mother is fond of antiques, (kind of furniture)
9. I arrived home at ten oclock. Rose arrived home at ten oclock, (time)
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10. Maggie likes spaghetti. Martha likes spaghetti, (kind of food)
11. Rose had twenty dollars. Lisa had twenty dollars, (amount of money)
12. Helen has five children. Angela has five children, (number of children)
13. I am six feet tall. My sister is six feet tall, (height)
14. Songl lives in Paris. Sebnem lives in Paris, (city)
15. The hotel is two miles from here. The train station is Two miles from here,
(distance)
EXERCISE 49 : COMPARATIVE/SUPERLATIVE
Complete the following sentences with "IN", "THAN", "OF", "THE", "THE SAME" or
"AS ... AS".
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1. If it becomes winner, you want to work less.
2. If the wage increases bigger, the rate of inflation is / will be higher.
3. If he had more free time, he felt more relaxed.
4. If she felt tired, she ran more slowly.
5. If he was more worried, he smoked more cigarettes.
6. If he smoked more cigarettes, he ate less.
7. If Rosemary gets richer, she becomes more selfish,
8. If I know more, I become more aware of my ignorance
9. If I work harder, I succeed / will succeed better.
10. If you climb higher, you can see more.
11. If he gets older, he becomes / will become more bad tempered,
12. If you read more carefully, you understand / will understand better.
13. If you work harder, the exam will be easier,
14. If I practise playing the piano more, I become / will become more
frustrated.
15. If your children grow older, they become / will become more tolerant.
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EXERCISE 51 COMPARATIVE/SUPERLATIVE
Answer the following questions.
A: What is the most expensive city in the world to live in?
B: .............................................................
A: What city in Turkey has the most crime?
B: .............................................................
A: Who is the tallest person in your family?
B: .............................................................
A: Which is more expensive, a Mercedes or a Rolls Royce?
B: .............................................................
A: Have you got more money or less money than your father has?
B: ............................................................
A: Which is longer, the Mississippi or the Amazon?
B: ............................................................
A: Is your mother as tall as your father (is)?
B
A: What is the name of the highest mountain in the world?
B: ............................................................................................
A: Which is more intelligent, a horse or a monkey?
B: ................................................................
A: What is the shortest month of the year?
B: .........................................................
A: What is the most popular sport in your country?
B: .............................................................
A: Do you always spend more money than your father?
B: .........................................................
A: What is the most boring film you have ever seen?
B: ............................................................
A: Is your hair as long as it used to be?
89
B: ............................................................
A: Which is more comfortable, a train or a plane?
B: .................................................................................................
A: Can you run as fast as your friend?
B: .............................................................
A: Who is the most famous person you have ever met?
B: .............................................................
EXERCISE 52: COMPARATIVE/SUPERLATIVE
Answer the following questions.
A: Who is the funniest comedian in Turkey?
B: .........................,.................................................................................................................
...
A: Who is the best football player in Turkey?
B: ............................................................................................................................. .....
A: Who is the richest person in Turkey?
B: ...................................................................................................... ........................ .... ......
...
A: Can you speak English as fluently as your teacher?
B: ...................................... ....................................................................................................
.....
A: Who is the most cheerful person in your family?
B: ............................................................................................... ...........................................
..
A: Which is the largest continent in the world?
B: ..........................................................................................................................................
A: What is the coldest month of the year?
B: ...........................................................................................................................................
.
A: Is France more powerful than the United States of America?
B: ...................................... ....................................................................................................
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.....
A: Is an elephant taller or shorter than a donkey?
B: ...................................... ....................................................................................................
.....
A: Is the weather today better or worse than it was yesterday?
B: ...........................................................................................................................................
.
A: Who is younger, your mother or your father?
B: ............................................................................................... ......... .............................. ..
..
A: Which is more expensive, Istanbul or Tokyo?
A: Is mathematics more difficult or less difficult than chemistry?
B: ...........................................................................................................................................
..
A: Forty years ago, was life easier or more difficult than it is today?
B: ................................................................................................................................
A: What is the most difficult language in the world?
B: ........ ....................................................................... .... . ........................................ ..........
..
A: Is a monkey more intelligent or less intelligent than a donkey?
B:
A: Can you speak French as fluently as a Frenchman?
B: ...............................................................................................................................
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b. No, .............................................................................................
5. Have your parents got two dogs?
a. Yes, .................................................................................................
b. No, ................................................................................................
6. Has Maria got a beautiful garden?
a. Yes, ..............................................................................................
b. No, ...............................................................................................
7. Have you got three children?
a. Yes, .............................................................................................
b. No, ..............................................................................................
8. Has your sister got a bad cold?
a. Yes, .............................................................................................
b. No, ..............................................................................................
9. Has Istanbul got many historical places?
a. Yes, .............................................................................................................
b. No, .............................................................................................................
10. Have you got much money in your pocket?
a. Yes, ...................................................................................................
b. No, ..................................................................................................
EXERCISE 56 :THE PRESENT SIMPLE
Complete the questions using 'The Auxiliary Verbs" on the list below and the correct
forms of the "Main Verbs" in the answers.
DO / DOES
Example: A: What time do the Browns have breakfast?
B: They have breakfast at seven oclock.
1. A: Whenthe childrentennis?
B: The children play tennis in the afternoon.
2. A: Howthe studentsthe
problems?
B: The students solve the problems easily.
95
3. A: What timeyour sisterto bed?
B: My sister goes to bed at eleven oclock.
4. A: How much
moneyyour father?
B: My father earns a lot of money.
5. A: Whoyour fatherto the cinema every
week?
B: My father takes me to the cinema every week.
6. A: Whatyouwith?
B: I write with a pen,
7. A: Whereyour son?
B: My son works in a hospital in Istanbul.
8. A: Whoyour sister?
B: I think she loves Kevin Costner.
9. A: How longit you to go To school by
bus?
B: It takes me twenty minutes to go to school by bus.
10. A: How longyour fatherin the
waiting room?
B: My father waits in the waiting room until the train comes.
11. A: With whomBettyin London?
B: Betty lives with her parents in London.
12. A: Who/whomthe teachera piece of
advice?
B: The teacher gives the students a piece of advice.
13. A: How much timethe doctorsto
play tennis?
B: The doctors have a lot of time to play tennis.
14. A: How oftenyour brotherto the
theatre?
96
B: My brother goes to the theatre twice a month.
15. A: How many hoursyour sister
English every day?
B: My sister studies English for two hours every day.
EXERCISE 57 : THE PRESENT SIMPLE
Substitute "HE" or "SHE" for the subject in each of the following sentences
Example : The children study their lessons every day.
He studies his lessons every day. She studies her lessons every
day.
1.I teach Japanese to my parents on Sunday mornings.
She ....................................................................................
2. We have German lessons in the morning.
He .....................................................................................
3. The workmen rush at the children.
She ....................................................................................
4. We do our homework at home.
He .....................................................................................
5. They cry for their beloved country
She ....................................................................................
6. They fly to London every Saturday
He .....................................................................................
7. I do not have any money in my pocket.
She ....................................................................................
8. You go to the cinema by yourself.
He .....................................................................................
9. They try to do their homework in the morning.
She ....................................................................................
10. We watch television every night.
He ....................................................................................
11. Those people box excellently.
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She ...................................................................................
12. The workers hurry to the factory early in the morning.
He ....................................................................................
13. The children don't go to the cinema on Sundays.
She ...................................................................................
14. My friends have a picnic on the island every week.
He ....................................................................................
15. We don't take Julia to the cinema every week.
She ...................................................................................
16. The teachers relax and forget about their problems at school.
He .........................................................................
EXERCISE 58 :THE PRESENT SIMPLE
Give "Negative" answers to the questions and then "Positive" answers, using the words in
brackets.
Example A: Is your sister married to Abbas? (Binali)
B: No, She is not married to Abbas. She is married to Binali.
A: Does your father work in London? (Paris)
No,
A: Do you speak German? (Spanish)
No,
A: Does your sister live with Orhan? (Mslim)
No,
A: Is your sister's name Margaret? (Julia)
No,
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A: Are you from Istanbul? (Mersin)
No,
A: Does this book cost 25 dollars? (50 dollars)
No,
A: Do you like playing the piano? (the guitar)
No,
A: Does she always talk about slavery? (freedom)
No,
A: Is your lather a teacher? ( a medical doctor)
No,
A: Do you often go to Darende on business? (Grn)
No,
A: Do you want to sell your house? (my car)
No,
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A: Do your children like classical music? (pop music)
No,
A: Is your father at home? (at work)
No,
A: Does your father speak English well? (badly)
No,
A: Do you drink coffee at the parties? (juice)
No,
A: Is your brother engaged to Canan? (Jale)
No,
EXERCISE 59 : THE PRESENT SIMPLE (SIMPLE SENTENCE)
Answer the following questions in the "Affirmative" and "Negative".
Example: Do you speak Russian very well?
a. Yes, I speak Russian very well.
b. No, I do not speak Russian very well.
1. Do you always spend your summer holidays in Antalya?
a. Yes,...............................................................
b. No,.................................................................
2. Do you know how to make coffee?
a. Yes, ...............................................................
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b. No,.................................................................
3. Does money always bring happiness?
a. Yes, ...............................................................
b. No,.................................................................
4. Does your father usually watch television at night?
a. Yes, ...............................................................
b. No,.................................................................
5. Do your friends have a picnic on the island every Sunday?
a. Yes, ...............................................................
b. No,.................................................................
6. 6. Does your English teacher always speak English in class?
a. Yes, ...............................................................
b. No,.................................................................
7. Do you cheat in the examination once in a while?
a. Yes, ...............................................................
b. No,.................................................................
8. Do you usually help your mother in the kitchen?
c. Yes, ...............................................................
d. No,.................................................................
9. Does the train always arrive at the station on time?
a. Yes, ...............................................................
b. No,.................................................................
10.Does your older brother generally take you to the theatre on Saturdays?
a. Yes, ...............................................................
b. No,.................................................................
111
EXERCISE 64 : THE PRESENT SIMPLE (COMPLEX SENTENCE)
Answer the following questions in the "Affirmative" and "Negative".
Example: Do you get dressed as soon as you get up?
c. Yes, I get dressed as soon as I get up.
d. No, I do not get dressed as soon as I get up.
1. Do you get up when the sun rises?
a. Yes
.
b. No
.
2. Do you turn the lights on when it gets dark?
a. Yes
.
b. No
.
3. Does your mother buy a lot of chocolates if/when she has a lot of money?
a. Yes
.
112
b. No
.
4. Does your mother eat breakfast as soon as she gets up?
a. Yes
.
b. No
.
5. Do you understand the teacher when he speaks English quickly?
a. Yes
.
b. No
.
6. Does your mother sing while she does the housework?
a. Yes
.
b. No
.
7. Does your father drive fast when he is in a hurry?
a. Yes
.
b. No
.
8. Does your sister watch horror films on television before she goes to bed?
a. Yes
.
b. No
.
9. Do you sleep until the alarm clock rings?
a. Yes
.
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b. No
.
10. Does your mother go on a diet when she gets fat?
a. Yes
.
b. No
.
11. Do people in Turkey pay attention to the traffic signs while they drive?
a. Yes
.
b. No
.
12. Do you always get seasick if/when you travel by ship?
a. Yes,..................................................................................................................
............................
b. No,...................................................................................................................
............................
13. Do your parents go swimming if/when the weather is sunny?
a. Yes, .................................................................................................................
..............................
b. No, ..................................................................................................................
.............................
14. Do people in your country take off their shoes before they enter their
houses?
a. Yes, .................................................................................................................
..............................
b. No, ..................................................................................................................
.............................
15. Do you always eat something after you get home from school?
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a. Yes, .................................................................................................................
..............................
b. No, ..................................................................................................................
.............................
16. Does your father always drink wine if/when he is not happy?
a. Yes, .................................................................................................................
..............................
b. No, ..................................................................................................................
.............................
17. Do you always book a table before you go to a restaurant?
a. Yes, .................................................................................................................
..............................
b. No, ..................................................................................................................
.............................
18. Does your mother get out of the room as soon as you start playing the
piano?
a. Yes, .................................................................................................................
..............................
b. No, ..................................................................................................................
.............................
19. Do your friends usually wash their hands before they have their meals?
a. Yes, .................................................................................................................
..............................
b. No, ..................................................................................................................
.............................
20. Do your children play outside until they get tired?
a. Yes, .................................................................................................................
..............................
b. No, ..................................................................................................................
.............................
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21. Does your sister get up when the sun rises in the morning?
a. Yes, .................................................................................................................
..............................
b. No, ..................................................................................................................
.............................
22. Do your friends always complain to the teacher when you make a noise?
a. Yes, .................................................................................................................
..............................
b. No, ..................................................................................................................
.............................
EXERCISE 65: THE PRESENT SIMPLE (COMPLEX SENTENCE)
Answer the following sentences using the prompts on the list below.
* take a cold shower * buy a lot of clothes * stand up * go to bed
* get dark * turn the lights on * go for a walk * go to (the)
hospital
* have a shower * drink a lot of wine * go to the cinema * go to the
dentist
* put on a lot of weight * go on a diet * play the piano * help the
poor
1. Jane (not, understand) the reading passage. She (read) it twice, (until)
9. They (spend) their time visiting the historical places. They (be) in France,
(while)
10. She (take) a shower. She (play) tennis in the morning, (as soon as)
12. My father (shout at) me. I (come) home after midnight, (whenever)
14. Pamela (not, sleep) well. She (have) some problems, (when)
119
15. There (be) no danger in using this machine. You (stick) to the safety
121
2. Where do you live?
11. What sort of books does your father read on his holidays?
15. How many times do you brush your teeth every day?
122
EXERCISE 70: THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS (ASKING FOR
INFORMATION)
Write questions for the bold typed words in the following sentences.
Example: A: Who is looking at the beautiful girl?
B: David is looking at the beautiful girl.
A:
.
B: The children are watching a horror film on TV at the moment.
A:
.
B: We are visiting our English teacher at the hospital.
A:
.
B: Selda is singing a Turkish song with her students now.
A:
.
B: My father is coming to Istanbul in the afternoon.
A:
.
B: Eileen's daughter is taking an English exam tomorrow morning
.A:
.
B: We are waiting for the bus at the bus-stop at the moment.
A:
.
B: My father is watching Rita Hayward's film on TV now.
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A:
.
B: You are carrying two suitcases at present.
A:
.
B: Mandy is ironing the shirts at the moment.
A:
.
B: My mother is making a cake in the kitchen now.
A:
.
B: My aunt is knitting a pullover for Matilda
.A:
.
B: The soldiers are hiding in the forest
A:
.
B: The children are singing our national anthem beautifully
.A:
.
B: The girl is crying because her friends are making fun of he
rA:
B: The tourist is speaking French with my father.
A:
.:
B: The boys are cleaning my father's car at the moment.
EXERCISE 72 : THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Put the "Verbs" in brackets into "The Present Simple or Continuous Tenses".
Example: My sister (go) ................................................. to the cinema every week.
My sister goes to the cinema every week.
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Be quiet! The baby (sleep).................................................in its cradle now.
Be quiet! The baby is sleeping in its cradle now.
1. Abbas (usually, study) ............................................................ in the library
on Saturdays.
2. At present we (sit) ............................................................ at the table and
doing our homework.
3. He (always, sing).........................................while he
(have)...............................................a bath.
4. Children (live) ..........................with their parents until they
(get)...............................married.
5. The children (have) ............................................................ a good time with
their friends now.
6. Dogs (bark).................................... when they
(get) ............................................ hungry.
7. Look! It (rain).............................again. It (always, rain) ......................when
you clean your car.
8. I (think) .......................................... she
(be)..................................................very happy.
9. He (usually, smoke).............................a pipe, but he
(smoke) .................................a cigar now.
10. He (usually, get) ...................up at seven, but this morning he
(get) .................up at eight oclock.
11. Listen! Somebody (sing) ............................................................ a
beautiful Spanish song.
12. Listen! I (think)................................. someone
(knock) ................................... at the door.
13. Table tennis (become) ............................................................ more
and more popular these days.
14. I (get)..............uncontrollable urges for junk food when I
(watch) ...............the television at home.
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15. My watch (generally, keep) ..............perfect time, but these days it
(not, work)................properly.
16. I (imagine) .......................... that the teacher
(speak)........................................... Italian very well.
17. For the time being we (stay) ............................................................
at this hotel by the sea.
18. Please go away! I (try) ............................................................ to lull
the baby to sleep.
19. My brother (not, have) ............................................................ a cold
shower every morning.
20. What kind of music (you love)..........................................................I
wonder?
21. (You/know) ..................................who
(come)............................................ to the party tonight?
22. My mother (always / take) ................................................. the dog
for a walk after breakfast.
23. (Your mother / think) ....................... that smoking hubble-bubble
(be)....................... dangerous?
24. We (have) ............................................................ a lot of friends in
Istanbul.
25. I (think) .................................... that this book
(be) .......................................... very interesting.
26. My sister (make) ............................................................ a dress for
herself these days.
27. My sister (usually, play)................................the piano until my
father (get) .........................angry.
28. My father (work) .................. in the garden while we
(lay) ...................................... the table.
29. The referee (want) ............................... the match because it
(rain) .............................. now.
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30. Your friendship (mean) ................................................ a great deal to
me.
EXERCISE 73: THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Complete the following sentences with the correct forms of the "Verbs" in brackets. Use
"The Present Simple" or "The Present Continuous".
Example : Linda ... ................. the woman standing over there, (know)
Linda knows the woman standing over there.
1. I ................... .. problems with ray mobile-phone these days, (have)
2. Your pizza... .. ................. very delicious, (taste)
3. I.. ...... ... ......... the soup to see if it has enough sail in it. (taste)
4. Mandy ............ .. .. .... that Russian is very difficult, (think)
5. My friend . .. ............. .... about what I said, (think)
6. He ...... ................... his father more and more as the years go by,
(resemble)
7. She ..................... ... to be very busy at the moment, (appear)
8. The famous actor ... .............. ......... at the Ritz next week, (appear)
9. This coffee.. .. ................ ... bitter, (taste)
10. Day by day I . .. .... .. .. .. a lot of my French, (forget)
11. I don't hear anything, f think you .. .................. things,
(imagine)
12. Jennifer ...................... ... a book in her hand now . (have)
13. My father ..... ..... .... .... .. a cold shower at the moment, (have)
14. The hook .... ... .................. around five dollars, (cost)
15. It ..... .................... like Japanese music, (sound)
16. I............................. the roses to see if they... .. .... ....... nice,
(smell/smell)
17. She ................. .... ... that the operation will be successful,
(believe)
18. Susan .... .. ................. the baby tonight while we are out. (mind)
19. I am tired of working in an office. I .... .... ......... ..... of changing
127
my job. (think)
20. This car ................ ... ..... .. my uncle, (belong to)
21. My brother.. .... ..................... a lot of Carol these days, (see)
22. This book . .. .................. all the information you need, (contain)
23. I............ ... ....... my lawyer tomorrow, (see)
24. He is very clever, but he........... ... ..... experience, (lack)
25. The grocer .. ........................ the apples on the scales at the
moment, (weigh)
26. I. ..... .................. Helene very much, (love)
27. The bridge .. .... .... .............. ten meters from one side to the
other, (measure)
28. Today, my father ............................... the President of Turkey, (be)
29. That dress looks lovely; red really ... ...................... you. (suit)
30. The meal .... .................... wonderful tropical fruit, (consist of)
11. Did your parents always fly with Turkish Airlines to Paris?
A) ____________________________________________________________
B) ____________________________________________________________
12. Did your sister always speak English in the class?
A) ____________________________________________________________
B) ____________________________________________________________
13. Did your friends make many grammatical mistakes in the class yesterday?
A) ____________________________________________________________
B) ____________________________________________________________
14. Did you eat an apple before breakfast this morning?
A) ____________________________________________________________
B) ____________________________________________________________
15. Did your sister wear her new dress to the party last week?
A) ____________________________________________________________
B) ____________________________________________________________
16. Did your children do their homework in the evening?
A) ____________________________________________________________
B) ____________________________________________________________
17. Did your teacher write a letter to your father?
A) ____________________________________________________________
B) ____________________________________________________________
132
18. Did the students get up late this morning?
A) ____________________________________________________________
B) ____________________________________________________________
19. Did the Turkish workers build this bridge many years ago?
A) ____________________________________________________________
B) ____________________________________________________________
20. Did your father teach French to you?
A) ____________________________________________________________
B) ____________________________________________________________
21. Did the woman tell you the truth about the bank robbery?
A) ____________________________________________________________
B) ____________________________________________________________
22. Did the children sing Kalian songs at the party last night?
A) ____________________________________________________________
B) ____________________________________________________________
EXERCISE 77 : THE PAST SIMPLE (ASKING FOR INFORMATION)
Write questions for the bold typed words in the following sentences.
Example: Where did you go last night?
I went to the circus last night.
1.A:
B: Susan bought four books when she was in Paris.
2. A: _______________________________________________
B: Melissa studied English last weekend because she had an exam.
3. A: _______________________________________________
B: My father spent all his money on books.
4. A: _______________________________________________
B: The students stayed at the hotel for three weeks.
5. A: _______________________________________________
B: The guests left the party after midnight.
6. A: _______________________________________________
133
B: The nurse gave Nora some medicine three hours ago.
7. A: _______________________________________________
B: I needed a passport-size photograph for my diploma.
8. A: _______________________________________________
B: They built a swimming pool in the back garden.
9. A: _______________________________________________
B: The sun rose at seven oclock this morning.
10. A: _______________________________________________
B: A terrible earthquake happened in Duzce on the twelfth of November in 1999.
11. A: _______________________________________________
B: Hakan Skr played for Galatasaray for a long time.
12. A: _______________________________________________
B: My hair needed washing every two days.
13. A: _______________________________________________
B: Whitney Houston sang all the songs beautifully at the concert.
14. A: _______________________________________________
B: The author of the book spoke very carefully at the meeting.
15. A: _______________________________________________
B: My dog bit the girl in the garden two hours ago.
16. A: _______________________________________________
B: My mother was an English teacher many years ago.
EXERCISE 78 :THE PAST SIMPLE (ASKING FOR INFORMATION)
Write questions for the bold typed words in the following sentences.
Example A: How many times did the postman ring the bell?
B: The postman rang the bell twice.
A:
B: My father always wore smart clothes to parties.
A:
140
EXERCICES 82:THE PAST SIMPLE
Put the following sentences into "The Past Simple" making all the necessary
changes.
Example: My father always starts working before the sun rises.
My father always started working before the sun rose.
1. I always say my grace before I start eating my meals.
5. They don't watch the television when they have a lot of work to do.
11. They tell me that they don't know the answer to the question.
141
16. It doesn't matter how much money she spends on her hooks.
17. She speaks so quietly that I can't hear what she says.
6. It is high time for the authorities to put an end to this injustice in the
country.
10. It is high time for the Parliament to pass the long expected law
142
against terrorism.
11. It is about time for your sister to change her behaviour considerably.
12. It is high time for the people to take drastic measures against forest
fires in Turkey.
13. It is high time for the author to write a new novel on this subject.
17. It is about time for the Prime Minister to bring inflation under
control.
143
I would
rather........................................................................................................ .... ..... ... .... ...
. ...
2. I would prefer Kate not to wear blue jeans all the time.
I would
rather..... .... ..... ......................................................................................................
3. I would prefer Frank not to buy so many presents.
I would rather ..............................................................................................................
4. I would prefer Mge to stop spending so much money on clothes.
I would
rather................................................................................................................................
........
5. I would prefer you not to call me sugar.
I would
rather..... ........ ........... ............ ..................................................................................
6. I would prefer Claudia to do her homework regularly.
I would rather ....................................................................... ... ... ..... .... ... .... ... ....
...
7. I would prefer Jane to come here tomorrow.
I would
rather.................................................................................................................. .............
.. .. .
8. I would prefer Matilda to meet me at the hotel.
I would
rather..................... ... ... ... ..... ...... ...... .....................................................................
...........
9. I would prefer you not to wear that dress to the party.
I would rather ........................................................... ..... ... ... ...... ... ... .... ... ....
10. I would prefer our English teacher not to work on Sundays.
I would
144
rather ........................................................... ........... .... ... .......... ....... ......................
. ...
11. I would prefer Rose not to criticize her friends so often.
I would rather .....................................................................................................
..... ..
12. I would prefer Wendy not to drive so fast through the streets of the city.
I would
rather .............................................................................................................................
........
13. I would prefer Paul not to tell her the truth.
I would
rather .................................................................................................................... .. .....
.....
14. I would prefer Julia not to speak to her father like that.
I would
rather .............................................................. ...............................................................
.......
15. I would prefer my neighbour not to play the piano early in the morning.
I would
rather .............................................. .................................................................... .....
..
EXERCISE 85 THE PAST SIMPLE (USED TO)
Answer the following questions in the "Affirmative" and "Negative"
USED TO + INFINITIVE WITHOUT "TO"
Example: Did you use to bite your nails when you were young?
Yes, I used to bite my nails when I was young.
No, I didn't use to bite my nails when I was young.
Did your son use to suck his thumb when he was three years old?
.................................................................................
.................................................................................
145
Did you use to be very naughty when you were a little child?
...................................................................................
.................................................................................
Did your sister use to cry a lot when she was a baby?
.......................................................................................
.................................................................................
Did you use to be shy when you were at school?
..................................................................................
.................................................................................
Did you use to collect stamps when you were in Paris?
...................................................................................
...................................................................................
Did your father use to wear very expensive clothes before he got married?
.................................................................................
...................................................................................
Did there use to be so many students in the class last year?
.................................................................................
...........................................................................
Did you use to go to the cinema with your parents before you left
home? .................................................................................
.................................................................................
Did your mother use to be a teacher before you were born?
.................................................................................
.................................................................................
Did your mother use to be very fat when she was young?
.................................................................................
.................................................................................
EXERCISE 86 : THE PAST SIMPLE (ANSWERING QUESTIONS)
Answer the following questions on your own.
1. How old were you when you started school?
146
2. How long ago did you see the President of Turkey?
10. How much money did you spend when you were on holiday?
11. How many people spent the night in the tents last night?
14. What sort of film did your parents watch on TV last night?
15. Who came to Istanbul when the Marmara earthquake took place?
16. What time did your parents have breakfast this morning?
147
EXERCISE 87 : THE PAST CONTINUOUS (COMPLEX SENTENCE)
Answer the following questions in the "Affirmative" and "Negative".
Example: Were you listening to the radio when I came in?
a. Yes, I was listening to the radio when you came in.
b. I was not listening to the radio when you came in.
1. Were you helping your mother in the kitchen when the lights went out?
a. Yes,.......................................................................................................
....................
b. No,........................................................................................................
....................
2. Was the man standing by the side of the road when the accident happened?
a. Yes,.......................................................................................................
....................
b. No,........................................................................................................
....................
3. Were the men talking about the accident when you got there?
a. Yes,.......................................................................................................
....................
b. No,........................................................................................................
....................
4. Was your brother studying politics when he was in Paris?
a. Yes,.......................................................................................................
....................
b. No,........................................................................................................
....................
5. Was your girlfriend behaving very strangely when she was at the party last
night?
148
a. Yes,.......................................................................................................
....................
b. No,........................................................................................................
....................
6. Were many people living in luxury when there was an economic crisis in
Turkey?
a. Yes,.......................................................................................................
....................
b. No,........................................................................................................
....................
7. Were the police looking for the escaped prisoner when you were there?
a. Yes,.......................................................................................................
....................
b. No,........................................................................................................
....................
8. Were your friends always criticizing you when you were talking about
foreign policy?
a. Yes,.......................................................................................................
....................
b. No,........................................................................................................
....................
9. Was your sister doing the dishes when you woke up this morning?
a. Yes,.......................................................................................................
....................
b. No,........................................................................................................
....................
10. Was your brother playing the piano while you were dancing with
your girlfriend?
a. Yes,.......................................................................................................
....................
149
b. No,........................................................................................................
....................
169
a................................................... ............. ... .... ..... .. ......... .- ..
b..................................................... ... .... .... .... .... .... ...........
2. Has your father always been on friendly terms with his boss?
a..... ....... .... ..... ................................................................................ ... ... ..... .... ....... .
b....................................................... .. ..........................................
3. Have your parents been to Paris before?
a............................................. .... .......... ................................................. ...........
b... ....... ..................................................... ... .... ........................................... ...........
4. Has the weather been rainy since last week?
a.............................. .......... ......................................... .... ... ..... .................................... ..
.. ....
b..................................................... ... ........................................... ... ..... ..... ......................
...... ..
5. Have your friends been at school since morning?
a......................... .............. ....................................... .... .... ..... ............................. .... ....
....
b... ................................................... ...................................................... ..... ......
6. Have you been married to Lara since you left school?
a.............................. ............................................................. .... .... .....................................
..... .... ...
b....................... ........................................................... ........ ..... ........................................
.. ....
7. Have your teachers always been nice to the students?
a..... ....... ..... ................................................ .... ............................................ .... .... ....
b. ............................. .... ..... .... ......... .............................. ... ..... .... ...
8. Has there been a postal strike since last week?
a.............................................. ......... ........................................................ ...
b............................................... ... ...................................................... ... ............... ... ......
9. Has your father been in love with your mother since they saw each other?
a................................................. ....... ......... ..................................... .... ......
170
b.................. ........................................................ ... .... .... ...................................... ....
....
10. Have you been interested in doing bungee jumping ever since you came here?
a..... ...................................... ................................................................ .... ..... .....................
.
b. .... ...... .... ........................................... ..... ... ....................................... .. .... ..... .
....
181
came here.
14. Eileen is the most beautiful girl I have. ................................. seen.
15. We have known each other ....................... ..... ..a long time.
16. She has been interested in classical music .................................. 1975.
17. I saw your sister last May, but I haven't seen her.....................................
18. I have................................. read your composition. How much time did you
spend writing it?
19. I have ................................... flown a helicopter ................ ...............
20. The news about the inflation in Turkey has been bad... ..............................
21. He went to Paris ten years ago, and he has lived there...................................
22. He has ...................... wanted to go to Paris, but he has .............................
had the chance.
23. I have known Silvia ................................... years.
24. He was ill before Christmas, but he has been well................. .................
25. I have...................................... fallen in love .......................... .... .
26. This flat has been empty ................. ..... .... two years ...............................
27. Haven't you eaten your lunch....................................?
28. Have you ...................................... been to Japan?
29. I have ...... ........................ heard anything like this............ .................... in
my life.
30. I thought she was famous, but none of my friends
have.................................... heard of her.
31. Have you seen any good films .................................?
32. I have been to London four times .......... .....................
EXERCISE 109 : THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Put the verbs in brackets into either "The Past Simple", "The Present Perfect Simple" or
"The Present Perfect Continuous".
Example : I (live) .... .... .............................. in Istanbul since I (be)
born.
I have lived in Istanbul since I was born.
182
I have been living in Istanbul since I was born.
1. She (write) ......................... .. letters since she (get up) .......................... .. this
morning.
2. The teacher (correct) ...............e papers for hours and he (not /
finish) ........................correcting them yet.
3. The girls (dance) ...................................... ... since it (get) ........ .. .... ......................
dark.
4. Gloria Stefan (stay) ............................. . at this hotel since Tuesday
5. (you, drink) ............. .. .............. wine since you (arrive) .. ....... ..... .....................
here?
6. What (your father, do) ...................................... since he
(desert) .. .... ... .................... his family?
7. (your sister, work)... ..... .... for this company ever since she
(leave) ................................ ..... school?
8. My brother (write) ...................................... three letters since he
(get) .............................. ..... .dressed.
9. The weather (be) .................. ..... . ............... terrible since our holiday
(begin) . ............................. ..... ....
10.My father (have) ...................:................ a lot of money since he
(join) .............. .... ... .......... this club.
11. She (Look for)........ ......... her lost child for two hours and she (not,
find) ................................. him yet.
12.I (not, have) ............................. a letter from Janet since she
(leave) . ....................... Istanbul for London.
13.My sister (collect) ... .................. stamps ever since she
(become) . . ..... ..... ...................... a doctor.
14.I (always, want) ....... .... ... .................... to go to Turkey ever since I
(get) ............................ ..... .married.
15.He (smoke) ............................. .... five cigarettes since he
(have) . ... .. ...... ................. breakfast.
183
16.I (study) ....... .... .... .................... German for three years and I cannot speak it
yet.
17.We (stand) ................ ...... on the platform since lunch time and the train (not,
arrive)....................... .yet.
18.I (know) ..... .............................. him for a long time; in fact he is my oldest friend.
19.We (drive) .......................... for two hours and (not, pass) . ........... .............. .... a
single petrol station yet.
20.My father (smoke) ... ................................... ever since he
(be) . .... .... ..................... ten.
21.The book (lie) .......................... ............ on the table for weeks.
22.We (be) ............................ married for ten years since we
(come) .. ..... ......................... to Istanbul.
23.I (love)............. you ever since I (become) ...... ..... ..... . .............. a teacher at this
school.
24.Helen (lie) .................................... .... on the beach since the sun
(rise) ..... ...................................
25.The room smells of garlic; your father (eat) ......................... ...... ...... garlic again.
26.He (get) ..................... complaints from the neighbours ever since he
(buy) ........................ his new hi-fi.
27.I (try) ............................................ to reach you since I (arrive
in) ............ ......................... Istanbul.
28.My sister (apply) .. ... ....................... for several jobs recently.
29.The little child (sneeze) .... ..................... ..... a lot lately.
30.He (leave) .............................. the city ten years ago, and he (live) ...................on
the island ever since.
EXERCISE 110 : THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Combine or rewrite the sentences in "The Present Perfect Continuous" stating how long
something has been going on. Use "SINCE" or "FOR" in your sentences.
Example: It started to rain three hours ago. It is still raining.
It has been raining for three hours.
184
The wind started to blow when we got up. It is still blowing.
The wind has been blowing since we got up.
1. Carol started working in the bank in February. She is still working there.
3. Roger began to look for a job five months ago. He is still looking for it.
4. The students started dancing half an hour ago. They are still dancing.
5. Wendy started to write the letters when the sun rose. She is still writing
them.
thinking of it.
of it.
10. She began to drink wine five hours ago. She is still drinking wine.
11. I began to decorate this room three days ago. I am still decorating it.
12. Zeynep started to play tennis at ten oclock. She is still playing tennis.
13. My sister started to live in this house a long time ago. She is still living in
it.
185
14. He was trying to solve that problem half an hour ago. He is still trying to
solve it.
15. Helen sat in front of the television two hours ago. She is still sitting in front
of it.
186
7. A: How long has your friend been taking private lessons? (for)
B: .....................................................................................................................
8. A: How long has your friend been taking private lessons? (since)
B: .....................................................................................................................
9. A: How long has your brother been wearing long trousers? (for)
B: .....................................................................................................................
10. A: How long has your brother been wearing long trousers? (since)
B: .....................................................................................................................
11. A: How long has the cat been sitting in front of the television set? (for)
B: .....................................................................................................................
12. A: How long has the cat been sitting in front of the television set? (since)
B: .....................................................................................................................
13. A: How long have you been waiting for the bus? (for)
B: .....................................................................................................................
14. A: How long have you been waiting for the bus? (since)
B: .....................................................................................................................
188
2. My car (not, start)..................... this morning because I (leave)............................the
lights on.
3. If he (work)..................................steadily he would have passed the exam.
4. After the detectives (check).................. the windows for fingerprints, they
(search)................... the house.
5. He (not, realize) ...................... his mistake until after he
(post)................................................. the letter.
6. The captain of the ship (he) ...............among the sailors who (abandon) .............the
ship just before it (go)............to the bottom of the sea.
7. I (take) ............................................ the decision after I
(speak) ................................................ to John.
8. They (he) ..... on the road for a mere five minutes when they
(have) ..................... ...a puncture.
9. The car (scarcely, stop) .................. when a policeman
(appear) .............................................
10.He (give)..... ..............me a painting which his grandfather
(leave)... ...............................him.
11. After the accident it was quite some time before they
(know).... ...........................................what (happen)
12.After Jack and Mary (go out)................................................ with each other for six
years, they (break up)
13.When she heard she (accept) .............. by Oxford University, she
(jump) ...............up and down with joy.
14.He (work)............. as a mechanic for four years before they (let) .............him drive
one of the racing cars.
15.He (say)....................................... that he (not, see) ............................................. his
mother for years.
16.After he (eat) ................ so much at Christmas dinner, he (suffer)................ from
indigestion.
17.It was the first time that I (ever, see) ................................................... such a big
189
man.
18.I would rather you (not, speak)..................................................... so rudely to your
teacher last night.
19.They (still, be)...................friends even though they
(be) ................. ......................... apart for ten years.
20.David (eat) .......................Japanese food before, so he
(know)........................................ what to order.
21.As the taxi was moving off, I (realize)................... that I
(forget) .............................. to take my wallet.
22.He (no sooner, turn)................... the corner of the street than he
(attack) ................by a gang of ruffians.
23.Peter (be).... .......................................... the handsomest man she (ever,
see)............................................
24.Before we (get) ............................... our cat, we (never, have)......... ...................... a
pet in our family.
25.I (hope)........... ........................ to talk to him but he
(be)............................................... too busy to listen.
26.The film (not, yet, finish).... . .... .. ........... when we (leave).... ...... ....
the cinema last night.
27.Before he (decide). ..... .... to start his own business, he (learn).. .. ... . all the
details about the job.
28.I wish I (learn)......... .... ........ .... ..... Arabic when I (be) ... .. ... .. ... . in
Libya.
29.It (be) .. .... ... ... .. .... .. ten oclock, but the children (not, get up) .... .. .. ...
..... .... yet.
30.By the time Peter (arrive) ...................................... at the hotel, his wife (already,
die)..... .... .... .....
31.If I know................................. that you (be)..... ... .............. tired, I wouldn't
have given you that task.
32.As soon as I (get)...... ........................ home, I saw that someone (break
190
into).... ......... ...... my flat.
33.By the time I (get)..................................................... home, they
(eat) ..... ... .. ... .. . all the cake.
34.The man (already, tell)...... ....... .... .... ..... the truth before the police
(arrive). .... ........... .. ...
35.If you (not, warn) .... ... .. .... ...... .... me, I would have fallen into the water.
36.He said that he (be).......................... excited because he (never,
travel) .................... on/in a train before.
37.When he went into the kitchen, he (discover).............. that the cat (drink)
............all the milk in the plate.
38.When I (arrive) . ... home, Linda (not, be)........ there. She (go).............to the park
to take some fresh air.
39.She (just, complete) ................... .her project when her friend (call).. . .. ... to
invite her to the theatre.
40.Rosemary (be) ...........late for school yesterday. This (be)unusual, because
she (never, be) .......... late before.
41.When I looked at the map, I (discover) ................ to my horror that I (take) ........
wrong road.
42.The police (catch).. ................ ........ the fugitive before he (drive) ... ... ....... ...
... very far.
43.After he (work) ....... ........ in the hospital for three years he
(decide) ..................... to give up the job.
44.My daughter (learn) ............. .... ... Spanish before she (go) ..............................
to Spain.
45.When my father (leave)................................ Belgium, he (work)... ............. there
for twenty years.
46.She wishes she (study) ..................... this subject when she (be) ..... .... .. ... in
London ten years ago.
47.I (wait) ......... .... .. .... ........ at the bus-stop until the bus
(arrive). ............................ ...........
191
EXERCISE 114 : THE PAST PERFECT SIMPLE
Complete the following sentences in "The Past Perfect Simple", using "The Correct
Forms of the Verbs" on the list below.
WASH, WRITE, TELL, PAY, DRINK, FORGET, SPEND, WORK, EAT,
WATER
1. As soon as I................................ the bill, I left the restaurant.
2. When I.................................. the beer, I threw the empty bottle away.
3. I got wet because I................................to take my umbrella with me.
4. I couldn't afford to buy a new shirt because I........ .............. all my money
5. After I......................... .... a letter to Peter, I put it into an envelope and
posted it.
192
6. The gardener told us to keep off the grass because he........................ .....it.
7. He bought his villa after he ................ ... .. for ten years in England.
8. When I went home, my parents .................................. their dinner.
9. She went to sleep after her father............ ...... her the story.
10. He. .... .... ............. his hands before he had lunch.
SEE, TAKE, PASS, HAVE, PREPARE, FLY, ARREST, PUT OUT,
FEED, RECOVER
1. When I told the doctor that I .................. earache for nearly a month, he
gave me a prescription,
2. 2. After she ................................. her driving test, she bought a car.
3. John said that he..................... ..... .. that film before.
4. We .................................... to Athens before we took the terry boat to Izmir.
5. I .......... just.................. from the chicken pox when I caught measles last
month.
6. We discovered that we .................................. the wrong road at the
beginning of the trip.
7. She wondered if the police ............. ..... .......... the thief before dawn broke.
8. Linda .................................. the meal before she left the house.
9. When the fire engines arrived, the children ...... ... already ................... the
fire.
10. After she ........................... ... the animals, she went for a walk in the
woods.
LOSE, WANT, GATHER, COMMIT, BREAK INTO, DIE, START,
EXAMINE, BE, SET
1. Most of the tables were occupied and the guests ........... already... .... .
eating their meals.
2. I.................................... to take a good holiday this year but I wasn't able to
get away
3. He expected people to be sympathetic because his
mother......................................
193
4. He............................... a newspaper reporter before he became a
businessman.
5. The anthropologist left the village when he ... ... .... ......... enough data.
6. When we got back, we discovered that someone ................................... our
house.
7. After the doctor.................................... my leg, he told me that it was
broken.
8. When I questioned the boy he said he didn't know where
he ...................................... his cap.
9. The sun .................................... in the west before we reached our
destination.
10. The prisoner confessed that he ..... ..... ...... .. the crime.
EXERCISE 115 : THE PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Put the verbs in brackets into either "The Past Simple1' or "The Past Perfect Continuous".
Example: I (wait for) ...... ... ..... the bus for two hours when I (see).......... Jane.
I had been waiting for she bus for two hours when I saw Jane.
1. All day I (feel) ............... nervous but the feeling (vanish). .. .... as soon as
I (see) .............. her.
2. I (be)....................... ..... ... very tired because I (play).................. ... ....
tennis all afternoon.
3. She (think of) ............. .studying marine biology but she (finally, decide)
..on chemistry
4. When I (start)...................... working for this company, I (work)............as
an architect for six years in London.
5. She (bite).. .......... her nails for years, but last month she (make up)........her
mind not to bile her nails any more.
6. I (realize) ............. that I (overwork).......... for a long time, so I
(decide).......... to take a couple of days' holiday
7. When I (get) ........ there, they (already, lest)......... the new nuclear
submarine since eight oclock.
194
8. Rose (feel)................................ ... miserable because it
(rain) . ...................... all weekend.
9. After he (practise) ...................... for an hour, James (start).................... to
play the tune perfectly.
10. By the time I (get) ................................. home, they
(dance).................... for two hours.
11. My feet (hurt)...... .. ....................... badly because I
(walk) ...... .... .... ............ for two hours.
12. The orchestra (play)..... ... .................... for five hours when the
dance (end) - ........................ ...
13. . She (wear) ....................... that old hat for a long time when she
(find)............... a job in London.
14. When I (last, see). ................... him, he was living in London. He
(tell).....me that he (think of)....emigrating to Australia.
15. When I (enter)....the room I could smell cigarette
smoke. Obviously, somebody (smoke)... in there for hours.
16. He realized that they (cheat) ..............him since he (start) .................
.... to do business with them.
17. When I (reach)..................... the classroom the exam (go
on).................... for almost half an hour.
18. The girl with whom I (play) ....................with suddenly
(burst).........................into tears.
19. The kettle (boil)................ for a quarter of an hour when we (sit
down)....................... at the table.
20. After they (travel)......................for about two hours on the open sea,
they (meet)................a big steamer coming from England.
195
EXERCISE 116 : THE FUTURE PERFECT SIMPLE
Put the verbs in brackets into either "The Present Simple" or "The Future Perfect
Simple.
Example: I (type) ...............................all the letters by the time I (leave) the office.
I will have typed all the letters by the time I leave the office.
1. Don't worry. I (repair)..................... the car by the time your father (get back).. ....
... ........ .... ...
2. The rain (stop) .................. ..... before we (reach).................................... home.
3. Within five years, I (hope)..........I (get)......................... a big promotion at work.
4. If you (not, hurry up) ................. the bus (go)... .... . before we (get
to)................ ...... the bus-stop.
5. The film (already, start) ....................................... by the time we
(get) ..................................... there.
6. I (run out of) .................................................. money by the end of the month.
7. In six months' time, the election (certainly, hold)........................... We may have a
new government.
8. It (be)........................ ....... five oclock; they
(arrive)............................................................ home by now.
9. By the end of the month I (finish)... ..... .................. my job if everything
(go)............. ..... all right.
10.. Miranda speaks English very well. She (take).... ..... ..... ..... .... .... ..... private
lessons.
11. It is already midnight. The children (go) ............................................................ to
bed by now.
12.Next year, I (be) ..... ... .................... ........ married to Patricia for twenty years.
13..They (complete) ...................... the building by the time we
(receive).............................financial aid from the government.
14.We (play).......................tennis for four hours if we (not, stop) ......before
196
it(get)............................ dark.
15.We (have)......... .................................. dinner by the time the programme
(begin) ......................... .... ...
16.The train (arrive).............and all the passengers (leave) ................the station if we
(not, hurry) .................
17.I (learn).................................................. English within two years, I think.
18.. Monica (forget)........................................ you before she
(reach)................................... her destination.
19.They (return) ................................................... by the time Angela (get) .... .... ......
.... .. ........... home.
20.The ship (leave).... .... ..... ..... ... the harbour within fifteen minutes.
21.The dance (start)................................ by the time we (arrive) ........................ there.
22.I will be able to buy your car next June. I am afraid I can't wait that long. By then
I (sell)............ the car to someone else.
215
EXERCISE 128 : CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (TYPES 1/2/3)
Complete the following conditional sentences on your own. (TYPES 1/2/3)
1. If I were in your
place,...........................................................................................................
2. You will not learn English
unless ...........................................................................................................
3. She will not feel better
if...........................................................................................................
4. If I had learned
Arabic...........................................................................................................
5. Would you see a doctor
if ...........................................................................................................?
6. You will have a good time
if...........................................................................................................
7. If I were as tall as you
are ...........................................................................................................
8. Would you have forgiven me
if...........................................................................................................
9. If he had been
rich, ...............................................................................................................
10.He wouldn't have solved the problem
if ..................................................................................................
11. If they were in a
hurry, ...........................................................................................................
12.Rose would have been angry
if...........................................................................................................
13.If Natalie comes to the
party,...........................................................................................................
216
14.Unless he earns a lot of
money,.........................................................................................................
15.If I have enough
money...........................................................................................................
16.She would make a cake for the children
if.................................................................................................
17.If it had not rained
yesterday, ...........................................................................................................
18.What would you have done
if...........................................................................................................?
19.19.I will get my money back
if ...........................................................................................................
20.I would be very grateful to you
if..............................................................................................
21.If I had worn your
raincoat...........................................................................................................
22.If Eileen were not so
busy, ...........................................................................................................
23.I would call the police
if ...........................................................................................................
24.If I had taken your
advice, ...........................................................................................................
25.If I had known that you were
ill...........................................................................................................
26.Would you play bridge with me
if.......................................................................................................
27.If your father shaves more
often, ...........................................................................................................
28.Our cities would look beautiful
if...........................................................................................................
217
29.If you had gone on a
diet, ...........................................................................................................
30.You would enjoy life more
if...........................................................................................................
31.If you touch that
dog, ...........................................................................................................
32.What will you do
if .....................................................................................................................?
33.I would definitely accept that job
if .................................................................................................
34.I would apply for that job in Paris
if.................................................................................................
EXERCISE 129 : CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (IN CASE)
Combine the following pairs of sentences using "IN CASE" to express a "precaution".
Example: I will give Jane my address. Perhaps she will write to me.
I will give Jane my address in case she writes to me.
I gave Jane my address. Perhaps she would write to me.
I gave Jane my address in case she wrote to me.
1. I will give you a key Perhaps you will come home early
2. I will not go out this evening. My girlfriend will probably phone me.
3. You had better hurry. It is probable that you will miss the train.
4. I will make the man lie down. Maybe he will faint and fall.
5. You should lake a map with you. Perhaps you will get lost in lire city.
7. You have to leave for work early. Perhaps you will get stuck in a traffic jam.
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8. I will take a sweater with me. Perhaps the weather will get cold.
9. I will play the record softly. Perhaps our neighbour will complain.
10.I want to leave now. Perhaps the bus will come early
11. I will send these photographs to you. Perhaps you will be interested.
12.I will take a gun with me. Perhaps the bandits will attack me.
13.You had better chain up the dog. Most probably it will bite.
14.You had better take an umbrella. It is probable that you will get wet.
15.I bought the car at once. Perhaps the owner would change his mind.
16.We will walk home. We are likely to miss the last bus.
HAVE
1. ................................ breakfast at the moment.
2. My father ............................. .... .. a cold shower every morning.
3. We ....... .... ..................... dinner when the phone rang.
4. I ...... ..... .... .... .... a bath when I finish doing my homework.
5. She ................................................. a car when she was in London
6. We ...... .................................... a good time at the party last night.
7. The students .............................................. a good time when I saw them at the
party.
8. My father ... ... ... ... .... ... this car since he became a teacher.
9. I wish I................................................. three children now.
10.It is time we ................................................. lunch now.
11. I ..... .... .... .. ..... .. my car repaired tomorrow.
12.We ....................................... a picnic if the weather is fine tomorrow.
13.I ......................................... a lot of headaches lately.
14.We .......................................... a lot of snow last year.
15.We ........................................ a chat when the teacher entered the classroom.
16.I....................... .. ..... ... Chemistry if I go to London.
17.When I heard the news, I gave up ................... .... ... .. for my exams.
18.Do you want......... ... ........... ... French before going to France?
19.I will play the piano while you ........... the accounts,
20.I love .... ........................................ in the morning, not in the evening.
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21.After ..... .......................... . the works of Shakespeare, I started writing poems.
22.Stop ................. .. .. .. . the face of the man in the picture. Do something else.
23.I................................................ German for three years, but I cannot speak it yet.
24.If she.. ..... .... .......................Japanese alone, I am sure that she cannot make any
progress.
25.If you want to be a medical doctor, you must..............................................
medicine.
26.Maria ................................................. a cup of lea before she started playing the
piano.
27.If you want ................................................ a good time, you must come to our
party.
28.We ................ .. ... ... . dinner as soon as my father comes home.
29.It is a tradition........... .. .... .. Turkey for Thanksgiving Day dinner in the United
States.
30.When I told the doctor that I . ........ . .......... earache for nearly a month, he
gave me a prescription.
STUDY
1. I................................................. for my exam at the moment.
2. Susan .......... ... ....................... English for two hours every day.
3. My father............. ......... .... .... French for two months last year.
4. My friend .............................................. this subject very carefully when the
Second World War started.
5. We................................................. Russian since we came to Istanbul.
6. The scientist................................................. the drinking habits of animals when he
goes to Africa.
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7. Shall we .... .................................... in the living room tonight?
8. .... ...... you ever...... ... .. the surface of the moon?
9. History and Economics .. .... .... .. ... ... by the students at this school.
10.The report you gave me . .. .. .. .. .. by the doctors tomorrow.
11. Let's ..... .. ... ... ....... the life of Atatrk.
12.Would you go to London if you .. . .... ... ... . .... under Etude Menuhin?
13.If I were you I. .... .. ................. the map of Turkey before going there.
14.My parents didn't let me .. .... . ...... .. ... in my bedroom.
15.If they allow us . .... ... .................. in the living room. We will have a wonderful
time.
16.I .. ............. ..... Chemistry if I go to London.
17.When I heard the news, I gave up .. .... ..... ............ for my exams.
18.Do you want .. .... ......... ..... French before going to France?
19.If will play the piano while you ............... .. .... .. the accounts.
20.I love ............. ..... .... ... in the morning, not in the evening.
21.Alter. ... ... .. .. .... the works of Shakespeare, I started writing poems.
22.Stop . .............. . ... .. the face of the man in the picture. Do something else.
23.If. ..... .. .. .. .. .. German for three years, but I cannot speak it yet.
24.If she ... ... .................... Japanese alone, I am sure she can't make any progress.
25.If you want to be a medical doctor, you must .. ... .. .... ..... medicine.
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EXERCISE 132: GENERAL EXERCISES (ON TENSES)
Complete the following sentences with the correct forms of the "verbs" in brackets.
Example: I (make)........... .......... a lot of friends since I come........to Istanbul
I have made a lot of friends since I came to Istanbul.
1. Why (you/look) ................................................. at me like that? Have I said
something wrong?
2. The River Amazon (flow) ............................................. into the Pacific Ocean.
3. Look! Somebody (climb) .. ..... .... ... ..... ...up that tree over there.
4. I will have eaten my dinner by the time they (come) .. .. ... ... .. ..here.
5. The teacher (be) ........................................... at the meeting two days ago.
6. I (phone)... .... ... ...... ... .. you as soon as I arrive in London.
7. We (just / sit)..... .... ... .... .... .... down to dinner when a fire (breakout)............ ...
.... ... ..last night.
8. The exam (already / begin).......................... when they
(discover)................................. that one the exam papers (be). ... . missing.
9. Mr. Brown (usually/go)................. to the theatre on Fridays. He (do).............that
more than twenty years.
10.(you/meet) .......... ........ your English teacher? Yes, I have. I
(meet) ................................. her yesterday.
11. (you/have)............................................... a good time at the party last night?
12.My feet hurt badly because I (walk) ........... .... .... ..... for an hour and a half.
13.My father (conduct) ............................................ an orchestra since 1997.
14.I wish I (be) ...... .. .. .. .. there to help when your mother
(be)................... .... ..... .. so ill last night.
15.It is time you (go) ............................................ if you want to catch that train.
16.They (not / write) .... .... .... ... .... .. to us since they
(go) .......................... ...... .... . to Madrid.
17.Tom feels tired now. He (practise) ... .... .... ................. his new guitar all day
long.
18.He (teach) .............. hundreds of students, but he (never/meet)................... such a
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hopeless class like this.
19.Mrs. Smith (often / drink) ..... .. .......... tea, but today she
(drink) .... ... ... .... ... ....coffee.
20.The house (be)..................... very quiet when I got home. Everybody
(go)..................................... to bed.
21.He (sleep) .... .................................. for ten hours. It is time he (wake up)
now,
22.When we reached the bus-stop, we (see) .... ........ that the bus (already /
go) ................ ......... ..
23.I (make) ............................................... cakes. That's why my hands are all covered
with flour.
24.What would you do if you (have).. ........................................... a million pounds?
25.By the end of the month we (work) .... .... ... .... ....... on this book for ten
months.
26.The telephone (ring) .................................... .. for five minutes. Why don't you
answer it?
27.They were all exhausted because they (work) . ... ..... .... ..... ... hard since
morning.
28.She (hardly / enter) ......................................... the classroom when the exam
started.
29.They (not / leave) ................ .... ... .... . the office until I had completed my
report.
30.What a pity that! I don't know her telephone number. I wish I
(know) ................................. her number.
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EXERCISE 144 : THE PASSIVE (ALL TENSES)
Put the following sentences into the "Passive Voice".
THE PRESENT SIMPLE:
i. Active : a. the mechanic checks the brakes every month.
ii. Passive: b. the brakes are checked by the mechanic ever month.
1. a. The police protect the city day and night.
b________________________________________________________
2. a. My sister irons my shirts and trousers every week.
b________________________________________________________
3. a. The Prime Minister visits this hospital every year.
b________________________________________________________
4. a. Turkish people elect the Members of Parliament every five years.
b________________________________________________________
5. a. My mother usually picks up mushrooms in the early morning.
b________________________________________________________
6. a. Bank robbers generally wear slocking masks.
b________________________________________________________
7. a. The Prime Minister sets up the government in Turkey according to the present laws.
b________________________________________________________
8. a. My company sends me to London every month.
b________________________________________________________
9. a. The doctor examines the patients early in the morning.
b________________________________________________________
10. a. They obtain different products from crude oil.
b________________________________________________________
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THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS
Active : a. the police car is following the criminals.
Passive: b. the criminals are being followed by the police car.
1.a. The British Council is considering Helena for the job.
b________________________________________________________
2.a. The police are watching the terrorists very closely.
b________________________________________________________
3. a. The police are holding the thief for further questioning.
b________________________________________________________
4. a. The doctor is examining her in front of the other students.
b________________________________________________________
5. a. The students are singing our national anthem at the moment.
b________________________________________________________
6. a. The lawyers are discussing this case for the first time.
b________________________________________________________
7. a. The director is interviewing all the applicants for the post.
b________________________________________________________
8. a. The man is driving the car very carelessly
b________________________________________________________
9. a. They are installing a new air conditioner in our office today.
b________________________________________________________
10. a. The manager is always criticizing my friends.
b________________________________________________________
THE PAST SIMPLE:
Active : a. the teacher explained the subject very well yesterday.
Passive: b. the subject was explained very well by the teacher yesterday.
1. a. The traffic police fined my father for driving dangerously the other day
b________________________________________________________
2. a. The force of the explosion shattered all the windows last night.
b________________________________________________________
3. a. The doctor gave the wrong prescription the other day.
b________________________________________________________
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4. a. The nurse sterilized the instruments before the operation.
b________________________________________________________
5. a. They confiscated Peter's passport a couple of weeks ago.
b________________________________________________________
6. a. Mustafa Kemal Atatrk founded the Turkish Republic on 23rd, April, 1923.
b________________________________________________________
7. a. The man reported the theft to the police immediately.
b. ________________________________________________________
8. a. The Russian spies stole the plans of the atomic bomb.
b. ________________________________________________________
9. a. The students answered all the questions in the exam.
b. ________________________________________________________
10. a. The lawyer defended the accused very well.
b. ________________________________________________________
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THE FUTURE SIMPLE
Active : a. The Prime Minister will sign the peace treaty next week.
Passive: b. the peace treaty will be signed by the Prime Minister next
week.
1.a. The committee will announce the names of the Nobel Prize winners.
b________________________________________________________
2. a. They will complete the new bridge before the end of this year.
b. ________________________________________________________
3. a. We will never forget the Beatles.
b. ________________________________________________________
4. a. The boy will throw the stone at the poor dog.
b. ________________________________________________________
5. a. The principal will send the parcel to my father tomorrow.
b. ________________________________________________________
6. a. A famous surgeon will perform the operation tomorrow morning.
b. ________________________________________________________
7. a. The President of Turkey will make an important speech about the impostors tonight.
b. ________________________________________________________
8. a. The soldiers will defend the castle bravely
b. ________________________________________________________
9. a. The people who are the ardent supporters of Fenerbahce will celebrate the victory.
b. ________________________________________________________
10. a. The military doctor will examine all the wounded soldiers in the afternoon.
b. ________________________________________________________
BE GOING TO
Active : a. the enemy submarine is going to sink the German destroyer.
Passive : b. The German destroyer is going to be sunk by the enemy
submarine.
1.a. They are going to take me to hospital if I don't get over my shock.
b________________________________________________________
2. a. The woman is going to clean all the carpets in the house.
b. ________________________________________________________
3. a. The teacher is going to send her into the garden.
b. ________________________________________________________
4- a. The students are going to perform the play in June.
b. ________________________________________________________
5. a. My father is going to sell our old car next month.
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b. ________________________________________________________
6. a. People are going to use a lot of solar energy in the near future.
b. ________________________________________________________
7. a. My daughter is going to memorize a lot of dialogues,
b. ________________________________________________________
8. a. The teacher is going to correct all the mistakes in my composition.
b. ________________________________________________________
9. a. My mother is going to keep this medicine out of the reach of children.
b. ________________________________________________________
10. a. The candidates are going to answer all the questions in two hours.
b. ________________________________________________________
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1.a. My mother had brought up Diana after the death of her mother.
b________________________________________________________
2. a. People had parked their cars before the police came.
b ________________________________________________________
3. a. The police had issued a description of the wanted man before the arrest.
b. ________________________________________________________
4. a. The earthquake had shaken the hotel violently when we heard the news.
b. ________________________________________________________
5. a. The students had broken the window of the room before the exam started.
b. ________________________________________________________
6. a. Doctors had reported a case of small pox when the Premier made a speech.
b. ________________________________________________________
7. a. The robbers had already robbed the bank when dawn broke.
b. ________________________________________________________
8. a. The blackmailer had threatened the woman before she informed the police
b. ________________________________________________________
9. a. They had vaccinated us before we left Paris for London.
b. ________________________________________________________
10. a. They had used the room for the clandestine meetings.
b. ________________________________________________________
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10. a. The mechanic will have repaired your car by the time we have dinner.
b. ________________________________________________________
255
The peace treaty is signed by the Prime Minister.
I am tortured by your difficult questions.
My mother is taken to the cinema by my brother.
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B: ________________________________________________________
A: Who sang 'Heartbreak Hotel'? (Elvis Presley)
B:________________________________________________________
A: Who discovered America? (Christopher Columbus)
B: ________________________________________________________
A: Who painted the Mona Lisa? (Leonardo Da Vinci)
B: ________________________________________________________
A: Who built the Selimiye Mosque? (Mimar Sinan)
B: ________________________________________________________
A: Who invented the telephone? (Alexander Bell)
B: ________________________________________________________
A: Who discovered Penicillin? (Dr. Alexander Fleming)
B: ________________________________________________________
A: What overturned the little boat? (A huge wave)
B: ________________________________________________________
A: Who showed the new An. Gallery to the tourists? (Our Tourist Guide)
B: ________________________________________________________
A: Who sent the first man into space? (The Russians)
B: ________________________________________________________
A: Who cleaned the board in your classroom? (The English teacher)
B: ________________________________________________________
A: Who makes the best tea in the world? (The English)
B: ________________________________________________________
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EXERCISE 149 THE PASSIVE (UNIMPORTANT SUBJECT)
Put the following sentences into the "Passive Voice" without using the "Agent".
Example: Active : Someone has left this book on the floor.
Passive : This book has been left on the floor.
1. People play football in most countries of the world.
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15.They have put off their wedding for six months.
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The picture of the blue whale...........................................................
9. Carol tells the students the answer to the question.
The students.....................................................................................
The answer to the question..................................................................
10. The farmer had offered Julia a glass of milk.
Julia................................................................................................
A glass of milk ..............................................................................
11. My father read the girls the life of Atatrk.
The girls... ..... ................................ ... ....................................... ....
The life of Atatrk.............................................................................
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EXERCISE 152 THE PASSIVE (MIXED TENSES)
Complete the sentences with the correct Passive forms of the "verbs" in brackets.
Example: Slavery ...................... in England in the 19th century, (abolish)
Slavery was abolished in England in the 19th century.
1. My father .................................... .... ........ a gold watch when he retired, (give)
2. A fire broke out in the building; luckily everybody. .............................. .. ... .
(evacuate)
3. You ........................... .... ... ........... out by the teacher if you go on talking like
that, (send)
4. The house ................................................... by Rose by the time we got there,
(already, clean)
5. The woman who lived next door.................... .................................. last week,
(arrest)
6. The villa ........................................................ by public auction in two weeks' time,
(sell)
7. My car ....... .. .................................. by the mechanic at the moment, (repair)
8. I wish I......................................................... how to use a computer when I was at
school, (teach)
9. The building .......................................... ten minutes before the explosion took
place, (evacuate)
10.As they........................................ by the tragedy, they didn't know what to say.
(shock)
11. The singer ..................................... ............ some flowers after the concert the other
day. (send)
12.His house burned down and according to the inspector the fire ......................by
lightning, (cause)
13.Last week I.. .... .. ................................ a job at a local bank but I didn't accept it.
(offer)
14.In my country, prices ... ....................................... by the government, (control)
15.When you arrive at the airport, you ............................... ................... by a friend of
264
mine, (meet)
16.Sun tan cream can prevent your skin from.......by the harmful effects of the sun's
rays.(damage)
17.I don't mind............................. but I do when such dreadful insults are used,
(insult)
18.When Mount Vesuvius in Italy blew up, the people and animals in the town of
Pompeii.. under a thick layer of ash. (bury)
19.I am not sure if Smith .. ............................ to be a trusty witness by the court
tomorrow, (consider)
20.John ........... ... ................................ to Buddhism by a Chinese priest last week,
(convert)
21.I put all my money in a bank because I was afraid of .....................................,... ...
(burgle)
22.The old man was not satisfied with what the
students .............................. .... ........... (teach)
23.The first conference on waste disposal.......... .. .............................. in Istanbul
today, (hold)
24.He was very happy because he .................................. .................. a better job in
London, (offer)
25.Champagne............................. first.............................. in the seventeenth century.
(make)
26.The search was abandoned when night came even though the child of the
woman ...............(not, find)
27.She was the first woman who ......................... ...... .................. to Parliament,
(elect)
28.By the time Einstein was thirty years old, his most important
theories.................................... (publish)
29.His trousers were too long and had to ................................ ............... (shorten)
30.Honest politicians cannot ...... ... ..................................... easily nowadays, (find)
31.I want this door ..... . .... .. ........... at night. (lock)
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32.It cannot..... .. ........ ... . ...... that smoking is dangerous to health, (deny)
33.We strongly believe that our rights ..... ...... .......... .. by law. (protect)
34.Look at those dirty walls! They must ......... ... ........... .. ... as soon as possible,
(paint)
35.The government .... ..... . ... .. .......... .... by a vote of no confidence yesterday,
(bring down)
36.The President wants this law ................. ... ......... by the Parliament,
(reconsider)
37.He hired a car while his own car .. ......... ..... . ..........by the mechanic,
(repair)
38.I want to watch her while she ..... ........ ... ....... .... .. . by the surgeon, (operate
on)
39.Before the sun rose, breakfast... ... ......... .... .... ..... by my mother, (prepare)
40.His car got lost last week, and it..... ... ................... .. ......yet. (not, find)
41.If I ......... ............. .. ........... I will go to the wedding party (invite)
42.The garden ... ........ .. ....... .. .. three times this week, (water)
43.A lot of wells ................. ... ............... by the time we come back to Turkey,
(open)
44.When I arrived at the scene of the accident, the road ...... ... .. ............. .. for
traffic, (already, open)
45.There is no room in the garden for a swimming pool. . ............... ................
(build)
46.I was there while his injury ...... ..... ......... ..... .........by a nurse, (bandage)
47.If you obeyed the traffic rules, you .. ............ ... ........... ..... . (not, fine)
48.I wish my car .......... ............. .. ............ last year, (not, sell)
49.The wounded man said that he didn't see by whom he . ................... .. ........ . .
(shoot)
50.We all stood up while our national anthem ....... .... ............ .... ........ (sing)
51.The Japanese discovered that many of their warships ................... by the United
States submarines, (sink)
266
52.The man has died today because he ...... .... ........... ... ........... by a snake
yesterday, (bite)
53.The door .......... .... ............... .. ..... blue now. (paint)
54.Everything must... .. .................... ............... according to the present laws, (do)
55.Insane people ............ ... ................... . in special hospitals, (treat)
56.Radiation ....... .... ............... .............. to treat cancer nowadays, (widely, use)
57.Jim went home as soon as the work ..... ............ .... ........ .... by the workers,
(finish)
58.The damage to the eyes had been recorded by the specialist technicians by the
time the test ............................ (complete)
59.An important speech ............... .... .......,. .. by The Premier tomorrow,
(deliver)
60.Life ................... ............... ... to have begun first in the seas, (say)
61.The bad news .................................... throughout the building by loudspeaker
when we got there, (relay)
62.The lady ............................. ......... her handbag while she was walking in the
street, (rob of)
63.It ............... ................................. that Rome is a marvellous city, (say)
64.That old school building ... ................ .... .............. by the end of this month,
(demolish)
65.All the escaped prisoners ............ ... ............ .... .. . by the police before it gets
dark, (catch)
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3. a. If the German team is beaten, the Turkish footballers will be rewarded.
B----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
C----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
4. a. Where will you work if you are appointed manager?
B----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
C----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
5. a. If you do not study hard, you will be punished by your teacher.
B----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
C----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
6. a. If it does not rain, a lot of crops will be lost.
B----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
C----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
7. a. I will be frightened by the horror film if you do not stay at home.
B----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
C----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
8. a. If the soldiers are examined by the doctor, they will be sent to the front.
B----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
C----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
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9. a. If the children are taken to the zoo, they will enjoy themselves.
B----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
C----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
10. a. If you do not lock the car, it will be stolen by the car thieves.
B----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
C----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------
4. My mother may look after your baby if you give her some money
6. All the guests must vacate their rooms by twelve oclock tomorrow.
9. The referee has to cancel the match because of the bad weather.
10. The police had to stop our car because we were going too fast.
273
11. The teacher used to explain the lesson every morning.
12. They had to exhibit the new machine at the Agricultural Fair.
13. The students may discuss these subjects at the meeting tomorrow.
16. You ought to take the money to the police station at once.
4. The police might have arrested the man if we had not told him the truth.
6. The girl could have sold all the flowers if it had not rained so heavily.
8. The referee ought to have warned the player for his bad conduct.
9. They might have beaten the Romans if they had invented the plane.
10. The workers could have finished the work if they had not played
backgammon.
11. The students might have answered all the questions if they had been
careful.
12. The doctor can't have written this prescription because he was not in
Turkey.
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EXERCISE 157 : HE PASSIVE GERUND
Put the verbs in brackets into the "Passive Gerund" forms using the following structure.
TO TREAT : ACTIVE PRESENT INFINITIVE
TO BE TREATED : PASSIVE PRESENT INFINITIVE
BEING TREATED : PASSIVE GERUND
Example: I dont like ........ .. .. ... ... .... ......... like a child, (treat)
I don't like being treated like a child.
1. I don't like my son .. .. .. ............... .. like a child, (treat)
2. I dont like, my son being treated like a child.
3. I don't like animals ................... ....... ... ..... .... in captivity, (keep)
4. I cant stand .......................... .. ... .. ....by a girl, (beat)
5. I saw the convict... ... ........ ... .. ............ by the police, (take away)
6. My father doesn't like.. ... .. ... .... ..... ............ waiting, (keep)
7. My children enjoy ... .. ................................... ..by their teachers, (praise)
8. I don't remember .. ................................. ... to the wedding party, (invite)
9. Hilda dislikes ...... ..... ... ......... .. .... .by her students while she is teaching,
(interrupt)
10.My brother hates ... ................................. .. fun of by his friends, (make)
11. Instead of .......................................... .. to prison, the shoplifter was set free,
(send)
12.I can't endure ...... .... ... .. ... ..... ... .. by the smugglers, (swindle)
13.Melissa loves....... .... .. .... .. .... ......... by her boyfriends, (take out)
14.I object to the car ... .. .. .... .................. ... on the pavement. (leave)
15.I saw many houses .................................... ... . in our area when I was there.
(build)
16.When I saw the horse ... ... ..................................... cruelly, I felt angry, (beat)
17.I was disappointed in...................................... like a child, (treat)
18.I was angry at....... .... .. .. ... ... ............ by the children when I was on holiday
(disturb)
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19.The man is conscious of .................................. .. by the police day and night,
(watch)
20.These books should be thrown away after ... .... ........... ................... .(read)
21.The other day Rose narrowly escaped................................................ (run over)
22.She misses.... .. ......................... ... .... by her friends in the evenings, (visit)
23.I was frightened of.. .. .. .... ....................... alone in the house at nights, (leave)
24.I avoided.... ... ......... ......................... by the traffic police yesterday, (fine)
25.If you kill a human being, you cannot escape........... .... ..... ............. (punish)
26.Are you afraid of ........................ ... .... ..... ... ? (hurt)
27.My friend resents ................... ... ............ taking the money from the safe, (accuse
of)
28.The eggs should be boiled or fried before ...... .... ... ......................... (eat)
29.I saw the man. ... .. ........................... .. by the police, (arrest)
EXERCISE 158 THE PASSIVE (PASSIVE PRESENT INFINITIVE)
Put the verbs in brackets into the "Passive Present Infinitive".
TO KISS : ACTIVE PRESENT INFINITIVE
TO BE KISSED : PASSIVE PRESENT INFINITIV
Example : I want. ... ..... .... ...................... my mother every morning, (kiss)
I want to kiss my mother every morning.
I want....... .. ... ................... by my mother every morning, (kiss)
I want to be kissed by my mother every morning.
A: What does the old woman wish?
B: The old woman wishes .... ..................................... in this cemetery. (bury)
A: What does the patient want?
B: The patient wants .... .... .............................. by this doctor, (examine)
A: What is the matter?
B: There are several letters ............................................. by Friday, (answer)
A: What do you want?
B: I want.................................. .... early tomorrow morning, (wake up)
A: What does that woman want?
B: That woman wants ............................... .... ... by everybody. (love)
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A: What is your father hoping?
B: My father is hoping ............... .... .... ............ a member of this party, (elect)
A: What is she expecting?
B: She is expecting.... ........................................ for what she has done, (reward)
A: What are you so worried about?
B: The roof of my house needs . .......................................... immediately, (repair)
A: What will happen tomorrow?
B: The hospital is going.... .... .................................. by the Prime Minister tomorrow
(visit)
A: Why is your son so nervous?
B: He is waiting .............. .... .... ... ....... the interview. (call for)
A: Are you busy today?
B: Yes, there is a lot of work......... ...... ......................... today, (do)
A: Why are you so sad?
B: I am very sad; I don't want........................................ as an invalid any longer, (treat)
A: What do you think about these customs and laws?
B: We want these laws ......... ... .................... as soon as possible . (abolish)
A: When shall I send this application form to the office?
B: The application form has ................................ ...... .. to the office by Friday, (send)
6. The teacher wants the students to write the sentences on the board.
10.I don't want the students to sing our national anthem at the end of the
performance.
11. Alice doesn't want the policeman to take her son to the police station.
13.Sharon ordered the boys not to throw pieces of paper onto the floor.
14.The President wants the Members of Parliament to discuss this issue once again.
15.My father wants the mechanic to repair his car as soon as possible.
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EXERCISE 161 : THE PASSIVE (MIXED TYPES)
Put the following sentences into the "Passive Voice".
Example: Active : Mary looked after the baby yesterday.
Passive : The baby was looked after by Mary yesterday.
1. We keep the glasses in this cupboard.
6. We had to put off our visit to the palace because of the weather.
7. People rumour that your son had fallen in love with Calculi.
8. The teacher could finish the book if she had more time.
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13.He confessed stealing the jewels from the safe.
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a.............................................................. .............................. ............................
b. ....................................................................................................................
7. They say that Rose knows some very influential people in Turkey.
a................. ...........................................................................................................
b................................................ ................................. ................................
8. They believe that the Queen is one of the richest people in the world.
a....................................................................... .................................
b.........................................................................................................................
9. Most people claim that Istanbul is the most beautiful city in the world.
a.............. ............................................. ..... ..................
b.............................................................................. .............................. .....................
10. People think that the weather is predicted by watching animals.
a............... ................................. ............................... .............................. ..........................
b. ...................... .... ................................................................... ...................................
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1.They say that the Princes is staying incognito at the Hilton hotel.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2. People consider that crime rate is increasing in Turkey because of unemployment.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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3. People rumour that the escaped prisoner is hiding in the jungle.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4. They report that the space craft is approaching Saturn.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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5. They believe that the universe is expanding all the time.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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6. People think that the terrorists are living in the mountains.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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7. They say that researchers are developing better methods.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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8. People rumour that the ship is carrying gold bars to Libya.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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9. People believe that this woman is working as a spy against Turkey.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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10. They firmly believe that Turkish people are following the footsteps of Atatrk.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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EXERCISE 165: THE PASSIVE (COMPLEX SENTENCES)
Put the following "complex sentences" into the "Passive Voice" using a "Perfect
Infinitive" as in the examples below.
Active : They think that Olga acted foolishly at the party last night.
Passive : a. It is thought that Olga acted foolishly at the party last night.
b. Olga is thought to have acted foolishly at the party last night.
Active : They said that the man had killed the poet in self-defence.
Passive : a. It was said that the man had killed the poet in self-defence.
b. The man was said to have killed the poet in self-defence.
1.They thought that Laura had lived in Norway.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2. They believe that the ship sank a long time ago.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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3. People say that our postman has won a lot of money in gambling.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4. They fear that many lives have been lost in the train crash.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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5. They believed that Marjorie was innocent.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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6. They believed that The President of the United States had been assassinated.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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7. The police said that the American spy checked in at a luxury hotel in Ankara.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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8. They told me that Diana had left the town.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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9. People thought that a strange animal lived in this cave.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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10. Many people think that the Viking sailed to Canada.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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11. The radio reported that the strike was a success.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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12. They found that the riot had been started by the anarchists.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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13. They think that the man has been killed in an air crash.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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16.People believe that the brave girl led the French army to free the city of Orleans.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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17.They reported that demonstrators were taken away by the police.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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18.They say that the poor man was evicted from his flat for not paying the rent.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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19.They believe that the President has visited all the countries in the world.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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20.They claim that the political meetings have been broken up by the police.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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EXERCISE 166: THE PASSIVE (COMPLEX SENTENCES)
Put the following "complex sentences" into the "Passive Voice" using a 'Perfect Infinitive
Continuous" as in the examples below.
Active : They say that Lisa was living in Paris.
Passive : a. It is said that Lisa was living in Paris.
b. Lisa is said (o have been living in Paris.
Active : They say that Lisa has been living in Paris.
Passive : a. It is said that Lisa has been living in Paris.
b. Lisa is said to have been living in Paris.
1.They think that the ship was sailing towards the North Pole.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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2. They believe that the captain was spending his money on unimportant things.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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3. They report that the spacecraft was getting in touch with the satellite in space.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4. They believed that the population of Istanbul was increasing.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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5. People thought that Richard was living in the mountains.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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6. They say that Helen has been working on this project for a long time.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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7. They claim that the driver was listening to his Walkman at the time of the accident.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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8. The radio said that the volcano was erupting on the island.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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9. They said that Sandra was making a living as an English teacher.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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EXERCISE 167 : THE PASSIVE (MIXED TYPES)
Change the following sentences into the "Active Voice".
Example : Active : The policeman is following me.
Passive : I am being followed by the policeman.
1. I was punished by the teacher yesterday.
9. The cow will be milked by the woman before the sun rises.
13. An effective law against terrorism has been passed by the Parliament.
15. The books had been borrowed from the library by Jennifer.
16. The patient was given the wrong prescription by the doctor.
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17. The victim is believed to have been poisoned by the soldiers.
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(get up/get up)
16.I can't help ... ........ ............... him when I see him. (laugh at)
17.I regret.... .. ................ you that we are not in a position to explain it. (inform)
18.Why don't you find something to do, like ...................... .... the car? (clean)
19........................... .. a degree enables you ........................ ... a better job.
(have/get)
20.These children need ...... ....................... (look after)
21.I am fed up with.... .... ..................... this film on the television, (watch)
22.Brenda is very good at................................... phone numbers, (memorize)
23.She persuaded me .............................. in this play, (act)
24.It is no use................................. me the way. I am only a visitor here, (ask)
25.I cannot seem .................. ........ rid of this cold, (get)
26.Don't bother.... ........................... the lift, it is out of order, (try)
27.I cannot stand ................................... early in the morning, (get up)
28.She found it difficult........... .. .... ...... the busy street, (cross)
29.It was very kind of you .. ... ..................... me chocolates, (bring)
30.Those children are too young ...................... ....... themselves.(look after)
31.I am not hungry but I don't feel like ..... ................ anything, (eat)
32.I don't think it is worth .... ...... ... ..... .... government money on space
explorations, (spend)
33.His impossible.. .. ... ... ... to Rose, she thinks she knows everything, (talk)
34.If your father gives up .. .. . ....... ...... he will live longer, (drink)
35.One of my main ambitions is .... .. ... . around the world, (travel)
36.I cannot afford ................... .. . a car at the moment, (buy)
37.If you want to stop . . ... ... .. ., try . .. ........... ...... gum instead, (smoke/chew)
38.The athlete tried ... ......... . .. the world record but he failed, (break)
39.Tom Cruise was very excited about..the Academy Award, (receive)
40.After .. .. .. .. the agenda, we went on discuss finance, (approve)
41.She is always the first........................... and the last . ..... ...... ............. (arrive
/leave)
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42.I don't fancy .. .. .. .. ... for a walk in the rain, (go)
43.The teacher doesn't permit ... ........... .. . during the exam, (talk)
44.The best thing is .. .... .. .. your local library, (ring up)
45.I like .................... .... every day, it keeps me fit. (exercise)
46.They were delighted.. .. ... ... ..... .. their father standing on the deck of the ship,
(see)
47.It was very thoughtless of you ...... ............... such things to a sick old man. (say)
48.I chose .. ... ........... on the island because of my health, (live)
49.I was busy. .. .. ... .. the letter when the boss came, (type)
50.The captain ordered the passengers .. .. ...... .. . the ship, (abandon)
51.Muge is very fond of......................... chocolates, (cat)
52.This seems... .. .... .. .. a serious matter, (be)
53.My father doesn't allow me ... .. ..... .. .... in the evening, (play)
54.I always remember .......... ............ .......... the door before I go out. (lock)
55.Are you planning .. ... ... ....... a vacation this year? (lake)
56.When you finish .......... ........ . the letter, could you please help me? (write)
57.If you walk in these mountains, you risk ... ... .... ... lost, (get)
58.My father suggested ..... ... .... ...... to the cinema tonight, (go)
59.Everyone tried .. . .. ... ... the car, but it didn't move at all. (lift)
60.I haven't decided what...... ............ ..... to the party, (wear)
61.I was made ..................................... for two hours for an appointment, (wait
62.The apples keep .............. .. .. from the trees in my garden, (disappear)
63.I don't mind people ............................... about my family, (gossip)
64.These scissors need .... .. ... .... ... immediately (sharpen)
65.If you carry on .. ... .. ... ... .., I will have to ask you to leave the room,
(misbehave)
66.This film is worth .......... .................. , I think, (see)
67.She cannot stand .. ......................... alone during my absence, (be)
68.She refused .... .............................. the shoes I bought yesterday, (change)
69.It is silly of you ...... ........................ time like that, (waste)
295
70.It is no good .... ............................ him; he is deaf, (shout at)
71.Don't forget................... .. ......... me as soon as you arrive home, (phone)
72.Angela asked me...................... ......... to the cinema with her. (go)
73.I'll take you to hospital. I cannot bear................. ... ....... you in pain, (see)
74.We are thinking of.................................... to Italy for our holidays, (go)
75.Do you want................................... tennis this afternoon? (play)
76.Linda suggested ...................................... a day in Paris, (spend)
77.Sally has decided ............... .................... him a new watch for his birthday, (buy)
78.Paul agreed ............... .................... it again, (not, do)
79.The children have really missed .. ....................... .... in your lovely garden, (play)
80.I think George is interested in ... .................. . a lawyer, (become)
81.................................... a new language is very interesting thing to do. (learn)
82.There is a regulation which forbids .................. ............ in hospitals, (smoke)
83.Where did you get the money? I don't remember................ ...... ..... it to you. (give)
84.Bill carried on . .................. ....... when his friends went on strike, (work)
85.She stopped .................... ........... on her project when she became sick, (work)
86.You had better stop ............. ................... so much alcohol, (drink)
87.I am afraid you are not allowed .. .............. ...... in here, sir. (smoke)
88.I cannot help .................................. when I am tired, (yawn)
89.Please leave off.... ......................... the carpet; the baby is sleeping, (hover)
90.A good servant knows how .............. ................ table, (wait at)
91.I like ................ ................. in the new swimming pool when it opens, (swim)
92.Did you have any trouble ......................... ..... the hotel I mentioned? (find)
93.Advertisements encourage people .................... ............ more money, (spend)
94.Getting to work on time means................. ..... ........ very early in the morning, (get
up)
95.She has abstained from ...................................... for a long time, (drink)
96.There is no ............. ..... ............. what will happen. Don't waste time talking, (tell)
97.Jane took three weeks .... ... ..................... her illness, (get over)
98.You will have no difficulty (in) .... .................... . this letter into Turkish,
296
(translate)
99.You will find it difficult............. ................... this subject to the students,
(explain)
100. The travel agent recommended our................................... near the airport,
(stay)
101. I cannot put up with your constant . ...... ....... ...... (complain)
102. The teacher advised me .. .................... carefully, (listen.)
103. Your piano needs ............ .............. (tune)
104. You should practise .......... ... . ... English at every opportunity (speak)
105. Try ....................... .... the bell. Someone may be in. (ring)
106. I have never imagined the mountain .. ... .. .. so high, (be)
107. Do you prefer ..................... .. your letters to .......... ....... . .. them by
hand? (type/write)
108. My father didn't want me ... ... ..... . a ballet dancer, (become)
109. I study hard, this means ... ... ... ...... a lot of time in the library, (spend)
110. You are supposed ... .. .. .. .. your parents without ... ... .. .. why.
(obey / ask)
111. There is nothing ... .. ... ... .... us from .................... married, (prevent/get)
112. He stopped ............................... the map and then walked on. (Look at)
113. I will never forget......... .. ... Rosemary standing on the balcony, (see)
114. I don't mind ..... .... ... ... .. in a lent if there are no snakes, (sleep)
115. I am sorry I forgot .. .................... the letter you gave me. (post)
116. Don't pretend ......................... ... him, you know you don't really (like)
117. I hate... .... .. ... .. any kind of sports on television, (watch)
118. Children should be encouraged .... .. .............. as early as possible, (swim)
119. I really appreciate your .... ... .. ... .. to help the poor, (try)
120. The main subject of the talk is how . .. ... .. .. crimes from ..... .... ....
.. . (prevent / happen)
121. My friend suggested ........ ... .. .. a picnic on the. island on Sunday,
(have)
297
122. I quit................................. comic books when I was twelve years old. (read)
123. I got the students .... .. .. .. .... the sentences three times, (repeat)
124. The school doesn't allow .................................. here, (smoke)
125. I cannot imagine ................ .. .in a place like that, (live)
126. I would recommend you .. ... .... ..... ... Turkey in the summer, (visit)
127. We expect Jane. ....... .. .. .. in the office on Saturdays, (work)
128. The policeman admitted (to)...... ... ... .. . bribes, (take)
129. The teacher explained his ... .... .... ... .... ill. (be)
130. There were a lot of girls, but I favoured .. ....... ....................... with Lucy,
(dance)
131. Why don't you forbid your daughter ..................... .......... cigarettes?
(smoke)
132. Pedro claimed ........... ...................... the last heir to the fortune, (be)
133. How did you come ................................. her? (know)
134. Should I include .. ................... a diploma on my application form? (have)
135. I happened .. .... ...... ... .... . the teacher in the park the other day. (see)
136. Paola is not well enough ......... ..... ..... ... to the party tomorrow, (come)
137. It is boring ..................................... there doing nothing, (sit)
138. It isn't worth while . ............ .... . to Paris for only one day (go)
139. Caroline forgot when................................. the children to the concert, (take)
140. It is useless ...................................... roses in this kind of soil, (plant)
141. Mandy was on the point of...................................... Istanbul when we got
there, (leave)
142. Will you excuse my .. .. ......... ..... early? (leave)
143. My sister went on.. ... .. .... ... .. about the other matter, (talk)
144. I meant..................................... married last year but I didn't have enough
money, (get)
145. If you want to go to the cinema, it will mean .... .... .... .... . a baby-
sitter, (get)
146. She asked me ...................................... the car in front of the house, (not,
298
leave)
147. Stop..... .... .. ... ... of the window and listen to me. (Look out)
148. The policeman warned my father.. .... .. .... .... fast, (not, drive)
149. I know him ...................................... honest, (be)
150. I don't understand your ................................ angry with me. (get)
151. The teacher cannot tolerate my ... ... ... ..... late every day. (come)
152. I would like you ...................................... your holidays in Italy, (spend)
153. I cannot stand your .... .......... .... ... so rudely towards my father, (behave)
154. If you gamble, you risk.. ........ ........... your money, (lose)
155. The puppies looked so sweet that I couldn't resist... ..... . .... .. them,
(stroke)
156. I don't recommend ...................................... your summer holidays in Paris,
(spend)
157. Heidi offered .......... ......... .... me a lift to the station, (give)
158. My father promised me that he would give up.. ..... ..... ...... ....(smoke)
159. I don't recall...................................... to have lunch with you. (promise)
160. I would prefer you .................................. at home, (stay)
161. I had a good time...................................... at the party (dance)
162. She explained to me what kind of food.......... ....... ............ (eat)
163. They keep (on). ........ .. .... ... their minds all the time, (change)
164. Helen mentioned................................... me on television last week, (see)
165. The baby appears ...................................... hungry (be)
166. I cannot forgive Julia for. .......... ..... ..... her promise, (break)
167. She heard the noise, but she was afraid .................................... downstairs,
(go)
168. My sister is afraid of................................... in the dark, (walk)
169. What you do is . .......... .... .... .. the eggs with flour, (mix)
170. Can you imagine.. .... ... .... .... .. ten thousand dollars in the state lottery?
(win)
299
EXERCISE 174 : GERUNDS
Answer the following questions using the structures below.
BE USED TO + GERUND/GERUND PHRASE
BE ACCUSTOMED TO + GERUND/GERUND PHRASE
BE USED TO + NOUN
BE ACCUSTOMED TO + NOUN
Example: A: Do you drive on the right?
B: No, I don't. I am not used to driving on the right.
No, I don't. I am not accustomed to driving on the right.
A: Does the hot weather bother you?
B: No, it doesn't. I am used to the hot weather.
No, it doesn't. I am accustomed to the hot weather.
1.A: Do you always walk quickly?
B: No, ...
301
7. What do your parents enjoy doing at the weekends?
9. Are you accustomed to eating the same kind of food all the time?
13.Did you have fun watching the football match on TV last night?
16.Are you allowed to enter a mosque without taking your shoes off?
17.Do you think that teaching English calls for a lot of patience?
302
2. Do you like... .. ... .. .. ... ......... classical music?
3. Do you think it is easy ................... .... .. ... .... a foreign language?
4. My brother learned ..... .......... .. .... ... .. . a car when he was seventeen.
5. I finished .................... .. ... .. .... . the first few pages of my term paper.
6. He promised . .. ..... .. ......................... the flowers while I was out of town.
7. My mother felt better after ..... .. .... ... ... .... her medicine.
8. It is pointless . ... ..... ... .... ... .... .. ..a language if you are never going to use it.
9. Could you please sit down and stop . .. . .. ...... ..... ..... .... .
10.10. My sister is busy ...... ... ... ... ......... ..... . her homework at the moment.
BE, CRY, PLAY, SPEAK, WAIT, POST, SPEAK, FIND, WIDEN, ARRIVE
1. There is always a traffic jam here. The road needs ... ................. .. ... ..
2. Taking care of the neighbour's house proved .... .... .... .... ... .... .. a difficult
job.
3. I had a lot of difficulty ..... .... .. .... ... ............... another job in Istanbul.
4. After not...................................................... to each other for a year, they decided
to bury the hatchel
5. It was rather childish of him ..... ... ... ....................... ... when he did badly in the
test.
6. I would prefer .... .... .... .. .. .... .... ...here a bit if you don't mind.
7. Could you remind me .................. ................................. this letter?
8. I will never forget ....... .. .. .... .. .... .... in New York the first time.
9. I couldn't resist ... ... .. .... ... .... .... .. a trick on the teacher.
10.Why do you always insist on my .................. .. ... ... ... English all the time?
CHECK, WORK, BLAME, GET, INTERRUPT, FIND, TELL, DRIVE,
ARGUE, EMIGRATE
1. I hope you won't mind my ................................... .. .you are having a chat.
2. I don't feel like ....................................................., so T will say no more about the
subject.
3. The traffic policeman stopped the man for.... .. ... .. ....... ..... ... intoxicated.
4. It is not much use. ... ... ... ..... .... .... .... our defeat on the weather.
303
5. It won't be easy for Melissa ........................................................ a new job in
London.
6. I am interested in ....................................................... to Canada.
7. Remember... ........ ...... ... .. ...your answers before you leave the exam room.
8. I regret... ... .... ........ ... ......... you that I will not be able to be at the reception
next week.
9. It means ................................................. a raise or being thrown out of the office.
10.My parents always encourage me ..... .... .... ..... .... ... . as hard as I can.
305
7. Lora is not well enough.. .. .... .. ... tennis this evening, (play)
8. Thank you for your postcard, it was very thoughtful of you ... .... ..... ..... it.
(send)
9. They didn't allow Julie ....................... . . tennis at school, (play)
10.I am too scared . ...... .................... the tent. There are some bears outside, (leave)
11. How old were you when you learnt....... .... ..............? (drive)
12.Chris does nothing but.. ... ..... .... .... .all the time, (complain)
13.I don't mind walking there, but I would rather . ... .. ... .... a taxi, (take)
14.How do you make this machine ......................................? -I am not sure, (work)
15.I like .................................. carefully about things before I make a decision, (think)
16.It was wrong of you ..................... .... your mother like that, (scare)
17.I didn't want .... .. .... ... ... the film. It wasn't worth seeing, (see)
18.Rather than .................................... it back to the shop he decided to repair it
himself, (take)
19.The doctor made the patient.... .. .... .. .... in bed for a few days, (stay)
20.The robber made everyone in the bank ................................... down on the floor,
(lie)
21.I would rather...... ............................. tennis than ............................... golf,
(play/play)
22.He was made ................ ..... his homework, (do)
23.She seems .... ...... ..... .... ... nothing but .. ..... .. ... ... (do/sleep)
24.She would prefer ............. ............ out rather than............... ......... .... at home,
(go/stay)
25.She didn't let me ........... . ........ . the flute in the living room, (play)
26.Where do you usually ... ... ... ... ....your summer holidays? (spend)
27.I will let you ..................,......... ...the result of the game tomorrow, (know)
28.You had better ....... ........... me the truth before the police arrive, (tell)
29.Let's .................................... for a walk as soon as it stops raining, (go)
30.She suggested that the teacher................ .... ... the subject once again, (explain)
31.She stopped ....... ... .... ..... a cigarette but she couldn't.... ..... .... .... .a lighter,
306
(smoke/find)
EXERCISE 179 : GERUNDS/INFINITIVES
Rewrite the following sentences using a "Gerund Phrase".
Example: It is boring to spend the whole day at home.
Spending the whole day at home is boring.
1. It is a wonderful thing to live in luxury.
15.It was Hamlet's main occupation to take the revenge of his father.
307
16.It is dangerous to swim after a heavy meal.
310
4. The stadium is very big. It can hold sixty thousand people.
10.Diana was very old. She could not apply for the job.
11. George was not very experienced. He could not tackle the problems.
12.You are not old. You cannot watch this film on the television.
14.The horse was very fast. It could win all the races easily
16.That small chair is not very strong. It cannot support that heavy man.
311
Example: Pamela was so worried that she couldn't concentrate on her
homework.
Pamela was too worried to concentrate on her homework.
1. Eileen was so impatient that she couldn't tolerate the children for very long.
5. Molly was so poor that she couldn't pay the rent of her flat.
10. The lesson was so boring that I couldn't stay there the whole time.
11. The man was so fat that he couldn't go through the door.
12. The weather was so cold that the children couldn't go swimming.
13. The room was so dark that we couldn't take any pictures.
14. The meeting was so short that we couldn't reach any decisions.
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EXERCISE 184 : INFINITIVES (TOO)
Combine the following pairs of sentences with "TOO" using the structure below.
TOO + ADJECTIVE + (FOR + NOUN/PRONOUN) + FULL
INFINITIVE
Example: It is very cold. We cannot have a picnic on the island.
It is too cold (for us) to have a picnic on the island.
1. This book is very boring. I cannot read it in two clays.
5. The sky was very cloudy. We couldn't see the UFO at all.
12. The film was very touching. I couldn't watch it on TV last night.
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13. These letters are very long. Helen cannot type them in two hours.
15. The river was very deep. The children couldn't swim in it.
11. Tom is very stupid. He cannot understand the meaning of that poem.
15. My father is very busy. He cannot take you to the circus tonight.
16. The famous man was very proud. He couldn't go back to his parents' house
again.
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EXERCISE 187 : INFINITIVES (LET/ALLOW)
Answer the following questions using the structures below.
LET + SOMEONE + DO + SOMETHING
ALLOW + SOMEONE + TO DO + SOMETHING
BE + ALLOWED + TO DO + SOMETHING
(PASSIVE)
Example: Can you play cards at school?
No, the teachers don't let us play cards at school.
No, the teachers don't allow us to play cards at school.
No, we are not allowed to play cards at school.
1.Can you speak loudly in the library?
No, the librarian.........................................................................................................
No, the librarian ....................... .......... ..... ... .... .... ... ... ... ..... ..... .....
No, we............... ..................... .... .... .... ... ..................................................
2.Can the students of this school wear jeans at school?
No, they ..................................................................................................
No, they ..............................................................................................................
No, they .......................................................................................................
3.Did your sister go to the circus last night?
Yes, my father.......................................................................................
Yes, my father...........................................................
Yes, she ......................................................................
4.Could your brother go to the disco five years ago?
No, my parents......................................................................................................
No, my parents........................................................... .... .... ..... ..... ..... .....
No, he .................................................................................................................
5.Are you going to pick up flowers in the park?
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No, the gardener ...................................................................................................
No, the gardener................................................................................................
.No, I .....................................................................
6.Can you do bungee jumping from this bridge?
No, the police.................................................................................................................
No, the police ..................................................................................................
No, we .................................. ..... .... .... .... .... ... .... ........... .... ......... .....
7.Can your sister go to the night clubs by herself?
Yes, my parents.... .. .... .... .... .... ..... .... .. .... .... ...... ... ...... ... ....
Yes, my parents ........................................................................................................
Yes, she .................................................................................................
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4. Many teachers prefer going on a holiday to working for extra money
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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5. My mother prefers flying to going by train.
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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6.My son prefers playing chess to flying kites.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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7.My mother prefers doing the dishes to dusting the furniture.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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8.My father prefers listening to the radio to discussing political matters.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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9.My sister prefers playing the piano to playing the flute.
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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10.My brother prefers studying in the morning to studying in the evening.
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EXERCISE 189 : INFINITIVES (EXPRESSING PURPOSE)
Answer the following questions using the words in brackets. You can use the prompts on
the list if you like.
Example: A: Why does your sister do bodily exercises every morning? (to)
B: My sister does bodily exercises every morning to lose weight.
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11.A: Why did you take so much food? (so as not to)
B: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12.A: Why do you have to be well dressed? (so as to)
B: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13.A: Why did they hold a meeting? (so as to)
B: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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7. A: Why didn't the teacher say anything? (so as not to)
B: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. A: Why did Marty go to the opticians? (in order to)
B: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. A: Why did you turn the radio down? (so as not to)
B: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10. A: Why did your wife join this club? (so as to)
B: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. A: Why did they start working early in the morning? (so as not to)
B: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12. A: Why did Susie go to the pet-shop? (in order to)
B: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
13. A: Why did they throw water over the woman? (to)
B: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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4. Before he became a dentist, he worked for a computer firm.
9. After they lived in Ankara for a long time, they moved to Antalya.
17.I turned the lights off before I went out of the room.
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Before my mother heard the news, she was very happy.
Example: Helen didn't go to work because she felt / was feeling ill.
Helen didn't go to work feeling ill. Feeling ill, Helen didnt go to work.
As/because I didnt understand the question, I couldnt answer it.
Not understanding the question, I couldnt answer it.
As / because I fell restless, I took a walk in the park.
Because the swimmer was gasping for breath, he was pulled from the churning water.
Since / because we finished our work early, we were free to go home.
Because George ate a good dinner, he began to feel better.
As Lora was intelligent, she learned geometry quickly.
As I didn't know where to go, I asked for directions.
As / because Mandy was ill, she stayed in hospital for ten days.
As/because I was not able to afford to take a taxi, I went home on fool.
As Peter didn't expect any letter, he was surprised to be given one.
As we were tired of waiting, we decided to go home.
Because Tom is unemployed, he hasn't got much money
As the teacher was cautious, he read the letter twice.
Since/because I was the only teacher in the village. I was in a fortunate position.
Since / because Maria heard a scream, she went out to investigate.
As he was poor, he couldnt afford to buy books.
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EXERCISE 194 : PRESENT PARTICIPLES (SAME SUBJECTS)
Combine or rewrite the following sentences using a "Present Participle Phrase"
1. The Earth goes round the sun. The Earth rotates on its axis.
7. Maggie came back from her holiday. She felt completely refreshed.
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9. Lisa is sitting beside the man. She is watching TV
12.He spent most of his time in Paris. He visited all the museums.
13.Tony walked out of the room. He slammed the door behind him.
14.Stella lay awake all night and recalled the events of the day.
15.The children ran down the street. They shouted and waved their hats.
16.Susan phoned and told me what she had done on her holiday.
Example: The man who is looking at the beautiful girl is very handsome.
The man looking at the beautiful girl is very handsome.
There was a man who swam in the river when it was raining.
There was a man swimming in the river when it was raining.
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4. There is a car which is waiting for us outside.
5. There are some children who are running towards the theatre.
7. The men who stayed at the Hilton hotel were all carrying guns.
8. There were a lot of children who were playing in the giant's garden.
9. There was a policeman who was shouting at the children at the top of his voice.
11. The students who don't obey the school rules must be punished.
12.It was only Michael, who was chopping wood in the garden.
15.I gave the message to the man who resembles your father.
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EXERCISE 197 PRESENT PARTICIPLES (DIFFERENT SUBJECTS)
Combine the following sentences using a "Present Participle Phrase".
Example: The boy watched the girls. The girls were playing hide and seek.
The boy watched the girls playing hide and seek.
I am looking at the student. The student is cheating in the exam.
I am looking at the student cheating in the exam.
9. My father saw the girl. She was playing backgammon with her friend.
10.I met Betty; she was running after her child in the street.
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12.We saw the children. They were opening the door.
15.The woman heard someone. He was shouting at the top of his voice.
16.The children watched the farmer. He was walking the dog in the park.
17.When he passed the ball to Renaldo, he ran towards the penalty area.
19.As I had never studied English before, I failed (in) the exam.
21.As I had left my wallet at home, I couldn't pay for the meal.
23.Because he had made no profit that year, he set fire to his own factory.
24.When Daniel has typed the letter, she will go to the cinema.
26.As we had not seen each other for ages, we had a chat for hours.
28.Since / because we had never been to the city before, we bought a guide-book.
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30.When Sandy had finished her work, she started to play the piano.
33.When Rain bird has typed the letter, he will go to the theatre.
34.When she found a good job, she began to look for a flat.
36.After she had paid at the cash desk, she left the supermarket.
A: What did you observe? (The two witnesses were looking at the prisoner.)
B:................................................................................................
A: What did you see? (Tom was playing tennis.)
B:................................................................................................
A: What did your mother hear? (The phone was ringing.)
B:................................................................................................
A: What did Melissa feel? (The room was spinning round Melissa.)
B:................................................................................................
A: What did the children hear? (A nightingale was singing in the forest.)
B:................................................................................................
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A: What did you spot? (A body was floating near the seashore.)
B:................................................................................................
A: What did the woman observe? (A strange object was flying over the sea.)
B:................................................................................................
A: What did your father notice? (Three men were swimming towards the shore.)
B:................................................................................................
A: What did the teacher see? (My aunt was looking at the students strangely.)
B:................................................................................................
A: What did your sister overhear? (Pamela was shouting at the secretary.)
B:................................................................................................
A: What did your father smell? (The cake was burning in the kitchen.)
B:................................................................................................
A: What did Mary watch? (Carmen was reading the programme at the concert.)
B:................................................................................................
A: What did you listen to? (Jennifer Lopez was singing on the stage.)
B:................................................................................................
A: What did your sister witness? (The man was beating the woman cruelly.)
B:................................................................................................
A: What did you hear? (Helen was playing Beethovens violin concerto.)
B:................................................................................................
A: What did the policeman notice? (The criminal was crossing the street.)
B:................................................................................................
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Helga is very much interested in architecture. (Past Participle)
334
EXERCISE 200: PERFECT PARTICIPLES (SAME SUBJECTS)
Rewrite the following sentences using a "Perfect Participle Phrase" for the ''Adverbial
Clauses of Reason".
Examples: As/because John worked hard all day, he got tired.
Having worked hard all day, John got tired
Because I was not told to come at nine, I arrived late.
Not having been told to come at nine, I arrived late.
As/because I had never studied English before, I failed the exam.
Never having studied English before, I failed the exam.
1. As/because I had left my wallet at home, I couldn't pay for die meal.
4. As/because we had not seen each other for ages, we had a chat for hours.
8. As/because he had drunk too much at the party Johnny had a terrible headache.
9. As/because he had been warned that bad weather lay ahead, he changed course.
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10. As/because I was deeply shocked, I made up my mind not to speak to her again.
12. Tom had broken his leg. He didn't take part in the tennis tournament.
15. Since/because I didn't have any money, I couldn't go to the concert with her.
pilot.
2. Tom had broken his leg. He didn't take part in the tournament.
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3. I have broken her heart. I went back to apologize.
5. Jack had taken off his overalls and now wore a suit.
6. Once / when she had said good bye to Gila, she packed her bags.
7. My mother gave Melanie her breakfast and then watched her eat it.
homework.
10. The postman was out of breath after he had run so far.
11. As I drank some coffee last night, I couldnt go to sleep until three in the
morning.
12. As I have lived in Hong Kong for twelve years, I have a wide knowledge of
China.
14. After I had made a reasonable amount of money, I didnt need to do any more
work.
15. As/because Sheila had worked all day, she got tired.
2. After Janine had done her shopping, she went for a swim.
4. When she found a good job, Emily began to look for a flat.
8. Alter she paid / had paid at the cash desk, she left the supermarket.
9. When he passed the ball to Peter, he ran towards the penalty area.
338
14.When the woman got off the bus, she saw a man with a bear.
5. I heard that the caves were dangerous. I didn't want to go any further without a
gun.
6. I knew that he was hard of hearing. I shouted to him at the top of my voice.
7. She believed that she could trust him. She gave him the cheque.
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8. I was very tired. I went straight to bed.
9. Rose complained loudly. She asked the man to wait until she came back.
10.I found him sick. I sent him to (the) hospital right away.
11. I spent three years with him in Paris. I knew what he was interested in.
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3. The children were not sleepy, so we decided to stay a little longer at the party
8. Tears were rolling down her face. Helga screamed more loudly.
10.My son had taken the car. We were forced to travel by car.
11. Maria was ordered to stand for several hours. I soon grew weary waiting for her.
13.Since / because Natalie had broken her leg, the doctor sent her to hospital.
parents) ...................................................
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5. My father was in the Turkish Navy, (ray children) ...................................................
friends) ...................................................
students) ...................................................
(Matilda) ...................................................
father) ...................................................
teacher) ...................................................
344
18.Jane has just graduated from school. (Angela and
Kate) ...................................................
mother) ...................................................
sister) ...................................................
345
EXERCISE 207 :EXPRESSING SIMILARITIES (EITHER/NEITHER)
Complete the following sentences using "EITHER" or "NEITHER" and the necessary
"Auxiliary Verbs".
Example: A: I don't like walking in the rain.
B: I dont, either. Neither do I.
A: I am not listening to the radio.
B: My mother isn't, either. Neither is my mother.
346
Carol.......................................................................................................................................
...
347
A: Which one will tell the truth, your sister or your brother?
B: I am not certain. Either my sister or my brother will tell the
truth.
1.A: Must I tell you the truth or go to jail?
B:...............................................................................................
2. A: Can I have tea or coffee?
B:..................................................................................
3. A: Must the students come to school on Monday or Tuesday?
B: .... ..... ... ........ ... ... ... ...................................................
4. A: Shall we go to Ankara by plane or by bus?
B: ..... .. ..... ... ... ... ..... .. ...............................................
5. A: Can I play tennis or basketball?
B: ..................................................................... ...... ...
6. A: Is Lara going to spend her holidays in Italy or in Spain?
B: .................................. .. ........ ...... ... ..... ........ ........... .....
7. A: Are the students at home or in the garden?
B:.............................................. ... .. .... .. .... .. .. .... .... ...
8. A: Is Sandra studying English or Russian?
B:........................................................................
9. A: Which one will meet you at the airport, Martha or Julia?
B: ................. .. ..... ... .. ... ..................
10. A: Are you going to buy a car or a motorbike?
B:..........................................................................
11. A: Should we go to Antalya or Bodrum for our summer holidays?
B:.......................................................................
12. A: What do you think that I should do, study my lessons or go to the party wilh Jane?
B:.........................................................................................
13. A: Which of your brothers will go to university, George or David?
B: ............................................................................
14. A: Are you going to get married to Lillian or Monica?
B: ........ .. ..... .. .... .... .... ...
15.A: Will you go swimming or study for your exam?
B: ...... ..... ... ... .... .... ... .. .. ..... ... ..... ... ...
348
EXERCISE 209 : NEITHER ... NOR
Combine or rewrite the following sentences using "NEITHER ... NOR".
Example: Tom is not a good husband. He is not a good father, either.
Tom is neither a good husband nor a good father.
Kate doesn't like fish. Her father doesn't like fish, either.
Neither Kate nor her father likes fish.
I dont like beer and I don't smoke, either.
I neither like beer, nor do I smoke.
1. Anne didn't pass the test. Susan didn't pass the test, either.
5. Julia hasn't eaten anything and she hasn't drunk anything, either.
6. They didn't allow her to go to the disco. They didn't allow her to go to the party,
either.
8. The teacher doesn't play tennis. The children don't play tennis, either.
9. I don't know the teacher. My father doesn't know the teacher, either.
349
12.I cannot make a cake. I cannot make an omelette, either.
350
A: Michael is very handsome. Is he very rich, too?
B:
Yes, .......... .... ... ... .. ... .. ................................... .. ..... ..... .... .... .. . ..................... ..
..
A: You visited the National Gallery Did you visit the London Tower, too?
B: Yes, .. ... ........ ............................................... .... ...... ......................................
... ..
A: Your sister made her bed. Did she also do her homework?
B:
Yes, .......... .. .... .. .................................. ... ... ... .. .. .... ... .. .......................
..
A: You returned the money Did you pay interest, too ?
B:
Yes, ................ .................. .............................. . ... ... ......... .. .. ......................
...
A: Your sister plays the piano very well. Does she play the violin very well, too ?
B:
Yes, .... ... ................................................ .... ... .... ................................ .. .... .... .
... ... ........
A: You have written the letters. Have you posted them, too?
B:
Yes, ........................... .... ...... .. .... ...... ..................... .. . .. ..... .........................
...... ....
A: Miranda passed her exam. Did she get a very good mark, too ?
B:
Yes, ................ ......................... .. .. .. ............................. .. .. .. .. ................
.
A: You speak German very well. Do you speak Italian very well, too ?
B: Yes, ... ............ .............................. ....... .................................... .. ....... ........
.........
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A: You are angry1 with me. Are you angry with my wife, too?
B:
Yes, ................................ .. .. .. .. ............................ .. .. .....................................
...... .
A: You were a very good singer. Were you a very good pianist, too ?
B: Yes, .... ... .. ..... ....... ...... ................... .. ... .... .............. .. ..... .... ... ... ...
A: Your father is very rich. Is your father very generous, too?
B: Yes,. ......................... .. .. .. .. ....... ........ ....... ... ... ... . ............ ........ ... ..
... .
EXERCISE 211 : NOT ONLY ... BUT ALSO
Combine or rewrite the following sentences using "NOT ONLY ... BUT ALSO".
Example: Maria has been awarded a prize. Lisa has been awarded a prize, too.
Not only Maria but also Lisa has been awarded a prize.
Isabella is lazy. She is dishonest, too.
Not only is Isabella lazy but she is also dishonest.
1. Julia invited her parents to the party. She invited her friends to the party, too.
5. Caroline is getting married this month. Pamela is getting married this month, too.
8. Mandy has helped a lot of people. She has donated a lot of money to charity, too.
352
9. Melissa made a lot of mistakes. She avoided using verbs in her composition.
353
Do you have any objection to my closing the window?
1. I want to play the piano.
. ?
. ?
. ?
. ?
. ?
. ?
. ?
. ?
. ?
. ?
. ?
357
11. Do you want me to open the windows?
3. The clerk doesn't work here anymore. He was the most impolite person in the
world.
4. The boy threw a stone at me. He has just gone to the cinema with his friend.
5. The woman is in love with my brother. She has been living in Italy for a long time.
6. The man rushed into the bank. He was wearing a silk slocking over his face.
358
7. The article was about the Turkish troops in Iraq. It was criticized by the press.
8. The books are lying on the table. They are very interesting. .
9. The man has been arrested by the police. He lives on the third floor.
10.The woman cannot play tennis very well. She has poor eyesight.
11. The fire started on the third floor. It destroyed the whole building.
12.The aeroplane frightened the students. It was flying very low over the school.
15.The roads will he blocked with snow soon. They lead to Artvin.
16.The men have been put in prison. They shot the seals last week.
1. I saw the woman. The woman dropped her purse on the bus yesterday.
2. I visited the man. The man used to live with my family years ago.
3. I am going to get married to the man. He went to London on business last week.
359
4. Where can I catch the bus? It goes to Piccadilly Circus.
5. They put the blame on the woman. She was seen getting on a train two days ago.
6. The robber pointed his gun at the clerk. The clerk was at the party last night.
7. Our neighbour saw the thief. The thief was wearing blue jeans.
8. I have a friend. He has been running a shop in Athens for a long time.
10. The policeman is looking for a man. The man left his car in front of the hospital.
11. My teacher gets impatient with the students. They are uninterested and
inattentive.
12. Peter took the place of the performer. He had been injured in a car accident.
13. The train was crowded with the students. They were all very friendly.
14. The police are looking for a woman. She is thought to be very dangerous.
15. This method was widely used to cure the patients. They were mentally ill.
16. I have a friend. He has never been to the cinema in his life.
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Example: The man is rolling in money. You see the man over there.
The man (who / whom) you see over there is rolling in money.
1. The woman has just deserted me. I got married to the woman for her money.
2. The pictures have been stolen by a thief. The woman painted them on the island.
3. The woman has gone to live in Spain. I met the woman at a party a few weeks
ago.
4. The girl is my sister. You have just told her the story.
5. The ring was not diamond. My friend bought the ring for his sweetheart,
7. The girl was a teacher. I introduced the girl to my family the other day.
8. The money should be spent on food. They will spend the money on drink.
9. The man was a sales representative. I talked to him in the shop a few days ago.
10.The woman has been given the job. They interviewed the woman yesterday.
11. The drugs only exacerbated the pain. The doctor gave the drugs to me yesterday.
13.The little girl was very poor. The sailors found her on a deserted island the other
day.
14.The novels are very difficult to read. He wrote the novels late in life.
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15.The sights interested him a great deal. The sailors saw the sights in Istanbul.
16.The houses are very expensive. My father wanted to buy them last week.
1. I am in love with the woman. I saw the woman at the theatre last week.
3. Everybody knows the girl. You met her at the party last night.
4. I am cross with the girl. My father advised her to see a doctor right away.
6. I had a row with the girl. I gave her a colourful book last week.
10. My father hung the picture on the wall. He had painted it when he was on
the island.
362
11. Mary has a bicycle. She rides it every weekend.
13. I am wearing the shoes. My uncle bought them for me last week.
14. The woman pointed her gun at the doctor. I met the doctor at the airport last
night.
16. Someone has stolen the pencil I laid it on the table a few minutes ago.
1. The little boy couldn't go to school. His arm was broken last week.
3. The lady went to Barcelona. Her villa was sold at a low price last week.
4. The man is a war hero. His father was sent to prison last week.
5. The old man lived alone. His house was broken into last night.
6. The girl cried bitterly. Her doll got broken last night.
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7. The man must be worried. I found his keys on the floor yesterday.
8. The car will be sold at a low price. Its owner is a famous play-wright.
10.The policeman speaks French wonderfully. His family stayed in France for four
years.
11. The lady has just bought a dog. I am staying at her house.
12.The car was hit by a driver. Its insurance had expired a short time ago.
15.The man has gone to Paris. I visited his house the other day.
16.The girl was saving money to go to the Netherlands. Her father works in a bank.
364
1. I am eager to visit the house. Mustafa Kemal Atatrk was born there.
2. The shop was full of people yesterday. We bought the camera there.
3. The restaurant will be sold at a very high price. We spent the night there.
5. The old man went to the hospital. His son is working there as a doctor.
7. The room was very dark. The exam was being given there.
8. We went to the island. We lived there for a couple of weeks last year.
9. We had a cellar underneath the house. My mother used to do the washing there.
10.We went to the dining-room. My sister was busy setting the table there.
12.The hospital is a very good one. My father was treated there last year.
14.Could you tell me the nearest place? They sell stamps there.
15.The child was abandoned in the forest. He was at the mercy of the beasts there.
1. It is the hour of the day. All the activities slow clown then.
4. The day was very windy. You last saw Mary then.
7. The time hasn't been set yet. The exam is going to be given then.
8. Tom studied about the period. The discovery was made then.
11. It was the day. My mother saw a lemon tree for the first time then.
13.She has been having problems since the day. My grandmother died then.
14.My father was visiting the town on the day. The war broke out then.
15.1960 was the year. Our wedding took place then (in that year).
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19.Can you show me the house? Atatrk was born and brought up in it.
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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20.The part of the city was near the castle. I was talking about it last night.
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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21.The man is very old. We often go to him for advice.
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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22.The girl is still unmarried. Some of the children take piano lessons from her.
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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23.The address was wrong. Melissa sent the letter to the address.
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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24.The officer has just got married. We were having a chat with him at the party.
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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25.The treaty was signed yesterday. We have been talking about it for days.
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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26.All the efforts were useless. He was very proud of them.
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27.The project was cancelled. My sister was working on it.
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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-----------
28.The train was very crowded. We were travelling on/in it yesterday.
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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29.I enjoyed the music. I listened to it last night.
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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30.The vehicle was involved in a road accident. The goods were being transported in it.
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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31.The thing was really of little importance. You were arguing about it.
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32.We regret to inform you that the book is unobtainable. You inquired about it,
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33. The house is in need of considerable repair. I live in it.
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34.The house had just caught fire. The people ran out of it.
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35.The hotel is located in the centre of Rome. You are going to stay at it.
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36- The students are from Morocco. My brother is in close contact with them,
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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37- The lady is my aunt. I introduced you to her the other day.
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38. It was Helen. William borrowed the money from her.
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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39. The documents appear to have been mislaid. You refer to them.
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40. The man is ill today. I usually drive to work with him.
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41. It was John. We had to wait for him so long.
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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42. The woman pays me a fair salary. I have been working for her for a long time.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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43. The man is the director of the film. You should send your application to him.
a----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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b----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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371
EXERCISE 224 : DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
Describe the people, using a "Relative Clause". Use the Prompts on the list below.
* He acts on the stage. * He always steals things and can't stop doing
it.
* He steers a ship. * He kills a famous or important person.
* He flies a plane. * He treats sick people.
* He treats our teeth. * He works for a newspaper.
* He sells meat. * He collects stamps.
* He bakes bread. * He looks after patients in hospitals.
* He repairs cars. * He buys or sells goods in large quantities.
* He sets fire to property
Example : A: What is an actor?
B: An actor is a person who acts on the stage.
1. A: What is a doctor?
B:............................................................................................................................................
.............................
2. A: What is a mechanic?
B:............................................................................................................................................
372
..........................
3. A: What is a captain?
B:............................................................................................................................................
.........................
4. A: What is a pilot?
B:............................................................................................................................................
.......................
5. A: What is a baker?
B:............................................................................................................................................
........................
6. A: What is a dentist?
B:............................................................................................................................................
...........................
7. A: What is a butcher?
B: ................................................... ..................... ..........................................................
...........................
8. A: What is an arsonist?
B.................................................................... ........................ ...............................................
........................
9. A: What is a merchant?
B: ............................................. ............................................... ...................... ...............
.............................
10. A: What is a journalist?
B: ...................................................................... ....................... .....................................
..........................
11. A: What is a nurse?
B:............................................................................................................................................
.............................
12. A: What is a philatelist?
B:............................................................................................................................................
.............................
13. A: What is an assassin?
B:....................................................... ..................................................... ..............................
.......................
14. A: What is a kleptomaniac?
B:............................................................................................................................................
..........................
373
EXERCISE 225: DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
Answer the following questions using a "Relative Clause" beginning with "WHERE'.
Example : A: What is a dormitory?
B: A dormitory is a large room where a lot of people sleep.
374
EXERCISE 226 : NON-DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES
Combine the following pairs of sentences making the second one a "Relative Clause".
Example-: Istanbul is a big city Istanbul was the capital of the Ottoman Empire.
Istanbul, which was the capital of the Ottoman Empire, is a big city.
1. Edison was not a brilliant student at school. He invented the light bulb.
2. Dr Smith has come to visit a patient. His car is outside the building.
4. Ronald Reagan was the President of the U.S.A. He had once been an actor.
5. My sister wants to speak to you. You met her at the party last night.
6. Tina Turner is loved by everybody. She was born when the Second World War
broke out.
8. The Blue Mosque is famous for its tiles. It has six minarets.
10.Mrs. Fortune was a writer. Her dead body was found in the cellar last night.
375
11. The German car was driven by an American. It won the race.
13.The Pyrenees are often covered with snow. They divide Spain from France.
14.Atatrk was a real genius. He is very well-known all over the world.
16.The Atatrk Dam didn't solve the energy problem. It was built many years ago.
377
4. Do you know the woman? Her luggage has got lost.
5. This famous picture is worth thousands of pounds. It was painted in. 1860.
6. Stratford is the place where Shakespeare was born. It attracts many tourists.
7. The man is my neighbour. The children saw him- in the street yesterday.
8. The man has just gone abroad. His house was sold last month.
9. I left the house at four oclock. They were still arguing then.
11. The Eiffel Tower is the highest construction in Paris. It is the symbol of France;
12.Paul was the first person. I asked for his-advice the other day.
18.Ankara is the city. My father has lived there for fifteen years.
19.I cannot remember the name of the man. He invented the telephone.
21.She is longing for the day. They can move out of the city.
22.The pollution is getting worse and worse. We spoke about it last night at the
meeting.
24.The woman is a pilot. You met her husband at the cocktail party the other day.
378
25.The man called the police. His car was stolen last night
26.I will never forget the day. I first went to Paris then.
27.The woman was shot in the leg. She tackled the gunman.
28.The event took place several years ago. You were talking about it last night.
32.He took the name from an English river. He had once lived near it.
34.My father gave some money to the beggar. The beggar was looking very sad.
36.The experiment was a complete success. This theory was based on it.
37.I met the teacher. The girl got married to him last month.
44.Atatrk is greatly admired by everybody in the world. He died at the age of fifty-
seven.
45.M Baker will be the guest speaker. You have heard about his book.
379
EXERCISE 229 : REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES
Rewrite the following sentences using "WITH". Do not use the "Relative Pronouns".
Example: The girl who had long hair answered the door.
The girl with the long hair answered the door.
1. The boy who has a bicycle is very clever.
8. The clown who has a big nose made all the children laugh.
9. The man who had three children applied for the job.
380
10.The woman who has no sins will go to paradise.
12.The woman who has a baby in her arms was waiting patiently.
16.A man who has a mask over his face walked past me and entered the shop.
2. The operation was a success. It was carried out by a famous surgeon yesterday.
4. The lorry started its journey in Samsun. It was loaded with bricks.
7. The classroom was very cold. It had been used lot the exam.
8. All the cars are very cheap. They are manufactured in that car plant.
10.The boy is waiting outside. He was expelled from school for smoking.
11. The debater refuted all the main points. They were made by the opponents.
13.The students were cold and wet. They had been standing in the queue for hours to
buy tickets.
15.The man has asked me for ten dollars. He was sitting in the lobby an hour ago.
17.The packages will be sent back. They are not wrapped correctly.
382
1. The man who is hi the room is very handsome.
4. All the children that were at the party enjoyed themselves very much.
6. The women who are in the examination room are very nervous
11. The girls who are in the photo are wearing mini-skirts.
12.The books which are for this course are very expensive.
14.The school which is in this town is very famous all over the world.
16.The passengers who are on the plane are very afraid of hijackers.
383
EXERCISE 232 : REDUCED RELATIVE CLAUSES
Rewrite the following sentences using a "Full Infinitive". Do not use a "Relative
Pronoun".
Example: The first man who sailed around the world was Joshua Stocum
The first man to sail around the world was Joshua Stocum.
3. The first guest that arrived at our house was George Benson.
5. The first ship that landed in New Zealand won the race.
7. Melissa will be the last girl who will take the exam.
10. Could you give me a book which I can read on the plane?
11. Night is the time when we can relax and watch television.
12. There are some magazines that you can read while waiting.
13. Mustafa Kemal Atatrk was the first Turkish president who saved our
384
country.
15. The best time when you should do homework is right after school.
17. Lara hasn't got any money that she can spend on a car.
385
Be going to (Future Form)
I am going to make Angela write the letter in English. I am going to have Carol sing a
French song. I am going to get Rose to correct my mistakes.
The Future Continuous
I will be making Angela write the letter in English. I will be having Carol sing a French
song. I will be getting Rose to correct my mistakes.
The Present Perfect Simple
I have made Angela write the letter in English. I have had Carol sing a French song. I
have got Rose to correct my mistakes.
The Past Perfect Simple
I had made Angela write the letter in English. I had had Carol sing a French song. I had
got Rose to correct my mistakes.
The Future Perfect Simple
I will have made Angela write the letter in English. I will have had Carol sing a French
song. I will have got Rose to correct my mistakes.
386
2. .. .... .... ... ..... ...................................................... ....
3. ................... .... ..... ... .... ... ..... ........................................
4. .... ............................................. ..... ..... ..... ..... ... ......
5. ... .............................................. .... ..... ..... ..... .... ......
6. .. ....................................................... ..... ..... ... .... ....
7. .. ............................................ .. .... ..... .... ...... ......
8. . .... ..... ... ..... .............................................. .... .......
9. .............. ............. ....................................................
10. ............................................. ... .... .... .... .... .... ..........
3. 1.My teacher has me carry the chairs into the staff room.
2. ..... .... ... .... ........................................................................ ..... .... .... ..
.... ...
3. ............... ... .... .... .... ......................................................... ....... ......... . ....
4. .. ... .. .... .... .. ..... .................................................... .... .. .... ..
5. .................................. ........ ... ..... ..... .... ..................................................
....
6. ..................................... ... ... ... ..... ..... .... .... ..... ... .................................
...
7. ..... ..... -
- ............................................................................... ..... ..... ....
8. ..... .......... .... ..... ..... ..... ... .. ... ...... ... .. .... .. ... ... ....
9. ... .......... ..... ...... ... .... ..... ... .... ..... ..... ..................... ................
10 ... .......... .............. ........... .... ..... .... ..... ...... .... .... .. .... .
387
EXERCISE 234 :ACTIVE CAUSATIVES
Answer the following questions in the "Affirmative" and "Negative".
Example: Do you always make your friends laugh in the class?
Yes, I always make my friends laugh in the class.
No, I dont always make my friends laugh in the class.
1. Does your teacher make the students clean the board every day?
Yes, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
No, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Did your brother have you iron his shirts yesterday?
Yes, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
No, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Do your parents let you go to the cinema with your friends?
Yes, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
No, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Will your teacher get all the students to learn the poem by heart?
Yes, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
No, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Does your father always make you cry if you go home late?
Yes, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
No, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Has the judge made you tell the truth at the court?
Yes, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
No, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Did the officer have all the soldiers climb up the tree in the garden?
Yes, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
No, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Did your friends get you to play the piano at the party?
Yes, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
No, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. Will you let your wife go to the cinema tonight?
Yes, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
No, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.Did your father get the mechanic to repair your car yesterday?
Yes, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
No, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Does your teacher let you use a dictionary during the test?
388
Yes, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
No, ------------------------------------------------------------------------
389
lather .... .. .... .............................. .... .. ............................... ...... ..... ........................
....
My
father.. ....................................... ..... ..... ........................................................................
4. (Angela / write a composition) (The Past Continuous)
My
brother.............. ... ............................. ... .............................. ..... ...........................
..
My brother.... ........................... .... ............................. ..... .... .......................... ...
My
brother ............................ .... ............................ ..... ................................. ..................
...
5. (my brother / learn the poem by heart) (The Future Simple)
Rose ................... .......................... .......................... ....................... ......
Rose.............. ........................... ..... ...................... ............................ ... ....................
..
Rose.. ..... ............................. ............................ ....... .............................. .....................
....
6. (you / solve this problem) (be going to)
Zeynep .... ................................ ................................ ..... ....................... .... ..................
........
Zeynep . ......................... ... ......................... ......................... .... .................... ....
Zeynep.............. .. ........................... .... ....................... ..... ..............................
7. (the mechanic / repair the car) (The Present Perfect Simple)
That
lady .............................. ..... ......................... .................................... .........................
That lady ......................... .... .......................... ........................... ..... ......................
..
That lady..................... ... ................... ... .................... .... ...................... .....
390
below.
Examples:
1.The Present Simple
Rose gets her eyes tested.
Kate has her car repaired
2. The Present Continuous
Kale is having her car repaired.
Rose is getting her eyes tested
3. The Past Simple
Rose got her eyes tested
Kate had her car repaired.
4. The Past Continuous
Rose was getting her eyes tested.
Kate was having her car repaired.
5. The Future Simple
Kate will have her car repaired.
Rose will get her eyes tested.
6.Be going to (Future Form)
Rose is going to get her eyes tested.
Kate is going to have her car repaired.
7.The future Continuous
Rose will be getting her eyes tested.
Kate will be having her car repaired.
8.The Present Perfect Simple
Rose has got her eyes tested.
Kate has had her car repaired.
9.The Past perfect Simple
Rose had got her eyes tested.
Kate had had her car repaired.
10.The Future Perfect Simple
Rose will have got her eyes tested.
Kate will have had her car repaired.
11.The Present Conditional
Kate would have had her car repaired.
Kate would have her car repaired.
12.The Perfect Conditional
Rose would have got her eyes tested.
Rose would get her eyes tested.
391
EXERCISE 236 PASSIVE CAUSATIVES (ALL TENSES)
1. I have my shoes shined.
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--------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------
2. My sister gets the letter translated into English.
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392
3. 1. The teacher does not get his trousers shortened.
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405
EXERCISE 243 : REPORTED SPEECH (OTHER REPORTING VERBS)
Change the following sentences into "Reported Speech" using the other "Reporting
Verbs" on the list below.
DENY OFFER ACCUSE ADVISE DOUBT
BOAST SUGGEST ADMIT PREDICT
PROMISE REMIND APOLOGIZE
a. Direct : Selda said, "No, I don't have any love affairs with Danny".
b. Reported : Selda denied that she had any love affairs with Danny.
1.Peter said, "No, I didn't punch anybody at the end of the match".
Peter ............................................................................. .... .. .. .. .. .. . .. ..
.. ... ... .
2. Susan said, "Lets go for a walk in the forest".
Susan .... .... ... .. ... .... .... . . ... .. .. .. .. ....... ... .......................................
.......... .....
3. Sally said to Gilda, "You had better make your complaints to the manager".
Sally... ... .. ... .. ... .. .... ... .... .. .. .. .. .. .. . .... .... ....... ......... ............
................. ... ..
4. Pamela said, "I am awfully sorry that I have made a silly mistake".
Pamela ... ... .. ... . .. .. .... .. .... .. ... .. .. . . .... .. . ..... .. ..... .... ... ..
. ..... ..... ..
5. My father said to me, "I think that you will be in charge of the whole company".
My
lather................ ........ .. ... .. ........ . ... ..... ... ... .. ... .. ... . . .... ..........
6. Cathy said, "I am very glad that I have never had an accident in my life".
Cathy .. .. .... ..... . .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .... . ... .. .... .. .... .. .... .......
7. Matilda said to me, "Okay, I will never try to hide your pencil again".
Matilda ........................ ...... .... ... ... ... .... ... ... .... ... ... ... ..... .... ... .. .....
. ..
8. Rose said, "I don't really think that it will rain in the afternoon".
Rose .... ... ... .. .... .... ... .. .. .... ... .. ... .. ..... .. ... .... .. .. .. .. .
406
. .. ..
9. Sheila said, "Yes, of course, I will give you a lift, Mge".
Sheila ................................................................................................. ................. ..... .........
. ....
10. David said, "I am sorry that I have broken my teacher's heart".
David. ... .... .. ... .. ... ... .. ... .... .... .. .... ... .. ... ... .. ... ... ... ..
... .. ... ... ..
11. Diana said, "Don't forget to bring your camera to the party, Kate"
Diana ..... ... .. ... ... . ... .......... ......... .... . .............................................................
......................
12. Selcuk said, "Eel me carry your suitcase, Rosemary".
Selcuk.... .... ... .. .... ..... ... .. ... ..... .. .. ... .... .. .. ... .... .... .. .. .. .. ..
.. ... ..
13. The actor said. "All right, it was my fault. I was nervous during the performance".
The
actor ...................... ...... .... ....................................................... ...................... ........ .....
.. .. . ... .
14. The inspector said, "You murdered the poor woman, didn't you, Ruth!"
The
inspector ........................ .......................................................... ......................... ..................
..... ............
15. Roger said, "Don't worry, Hilda, I will bring you your camera back tomorrow".
Roger ... .. .... .. .. ... .... .. ... .... ... .... .. ... .. ... .... ... .... ... .... .. .
.. ... ... ... ...
EXERCISE 244 : REPORTED SPEECH (COMPLEX SENTENCE)
Change the following sentences into "Reported Speech" as in the example below.
Direct : Tom said, "I was swimming when Helen came".
Reported: Tom said that he was swimming when Helen came.
Tom said that he had been swimming when Helen came.
407
1. Donna said, "I was living in Egypt when the war started".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Paul said, ''We were walking in the street when it began to rain".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Mandy said, "I was playing the piano when my lather came home".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. William said, "My sister was working as a secretary when she got married".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Julia said, "The children were quarrelling when my father entered the room".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. She said, "The boy was playing cards when his mother shouted at him'"'.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Susan said, "Rose was swimming in the sea when the telephone rang".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Carol said, "I was driving home from the theatre when the police stopped me
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. Eileen said, "My mother was watching television when the lights went out".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.Zeynep said, "Peter was lying in bed when the clock struck seven".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. Nancy said, "My father was watering the flowers when the taxi came".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
408
EXERCISE 245 : REPORTED SPEECH (COMPLEX SENTENCE)
Change the following sentences into "Reported Speech" as in the examples below.
Direct : Frank said, "I was swimming while Helen was dancing".
Reported : Frank said that he was swimming while Helen was dancing.
Frank said that lie had been swimming while Helen was dancing.
Direct : Sue said, "I did my hair while they were repairing the car".
Reported : Sue said that she did her hair while they were repairing the car.
Sue said that she had done her hair while they were repairing the car.
1. Eliza said, "My sister was singing a song while I was having a bath".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. Peter said, "I was reading my book while Jack was doing his homework".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Angela said, "I was having a chat while the teacher was doing English".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. Rose said, "I was writing a letter when my father was listening to the news".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Julia said, "The police were following the thief car while I was shouting".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. Cathy said, "I was making a cake in the kitchen as my sister was watching the
TV".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Lucy said, "My father came home while my mother was listening to the radio".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Kate said, "I left the party as the students were having a good time".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. Sally said, "I jumped off the bus while it was moving".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.Olga said, "I laid the table when the children were discussing the matter".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
409
EXERCISE 247 : REPORTED SPEECH (QUESTION)
Change the following sentences into "Reported Speech" paying attention to the tense of
the "Reporting Verb". Use the reporting verb "ask" only.
Direct : Janet says / said to me, "How often do you go to the cinema?"
Reported : Janet asks me how often I go to the cinema.
Janet asked me how often I went to the cinema.
1.I say / said to Linda, "What time do you have breakfast in the morning?"
I ask.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I asked
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.Jane says / said to me. "When does your father go to work?"
Jane asks
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Jane asked
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.Paul says / said to Helen, "How old is your son?"
Paul asks
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Paul asked
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4.The teacher says / said to Mar}', "Where are your friends playing tennis?"
The teacher asks
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The teacher asked
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Gloria says / said to the man, "What do you know about the bank robbery?"
Gloria asks
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gloria asked
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
410
6. I say / said to Lisa, "When did you eat your breakfast?"
I ask.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
I asked
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. Alice says / said to me, "How many letters did you write to your wife last week?"
Alice asks
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Alice asked
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. Rana says / said to them, "Why were you running after the dog last night?"
Rana asks
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Rana asked
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. The man says / said to her, "How much money will you spend on your books?"
The man asks
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The man asked
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.Hilda said to Peter, "Where will you go tomorrow?"
Hilda asks
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Hilda asked
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
11.The policeman says / said to her, "How long have you been in Istanbul?"
The policeman
asks------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The policeman asked
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
12.The salesgirl says / said to me, "Which of these knives do you want to buy?"
The salesgirl asks .. .... ...... ... ........... ............... .... ........... ................. ...............
............
The salesgirl
asked .... ............. ............... ................... ............ .... ........ .... ............. .. ....
13.He says / said to me, "Why didn't you come to school yesterday?"
He
asks ..... .... .................. ........... ................... ... ... .......... ... ................ ................ ..... .
......... ..........
He
asked ............ .... .............. .......... ... .. ............. .................... ........... .. .. ...........
... .......
14.The officer says / said to me, "Who / whom did you see in the park last night?"
The officer
411
asks .............. ... .......... .. ............ .... ....... .. .......... .............. .............. ... .
The officer
asked ... .. ................... ...... .. ... ........ ..... .. ............ .. ................ . .......... ........
15.My sister says / said to john, "Who saw the accident last night?"
My sister
asks .............. .. .......... ...... ............ ... ........... .... ............. .. ............. ..........
My sister
asked .................... .. ............... ................... ... ............. ..... ........... ... ................ ..
......
16.My father says / said to me, "Who was the first man to fly?"
My father asks .... ... ........................ ...... ......... ... ....... ....... . .... .................. ..
... .................
My father asked .... ....................... ... ............. .. .. ................ .. .... .............. ....
.. ... .........
17.Sharon says / said to him, "How many students were there at the party last night?"
Sharon asks ........... .. ...................... .... ................. .. ................. .. ...............
.. .. ........
Sharon asked......... ... .. ................. ... ........... .. .. .. ...... ... .................... ..
..............
18.Tina says / said. "What kind of music are you fond of, Stella?"
Tina
asks. ... .. ........ ..... ... ..................... ..... .......... ...... ... .............. ... .. .............. .
.. .............
Tina
asked ... ................ .. ........................... .... ............... .. ... .................... .... ............
.. ..... .........
19.Nora says / said to Peter, "Whose bicycle did you borrow yesterday?"
Nora
asks .. .. .................. .. ..... ................. .. .......... ... ... ... . .......... ... .... . ................ .
... ... ......
Nora
asked... .................... . ... ..................... ... . ................. ................ .. ................ ...
.. ........
20.Charlie says / said, "David, where did you put my English book?"
Carole
asks ..................... ..... ................ .... ... ............ ...... ...................... ..... ... ............ ... ..
....
Charlie
asked ....................... ..... ............... .. ................... ..... .................... .. . ............. ..
.........
21.Dilara says / said to me, "How much money do you have in your pocket?"
Dilara asks .... ................... ................. .................... ... ................. ................... .........
....... ... ......
Dilara
412
asked ... ................... .. .............. .... ........... ... ........... .... ........... ..... .. .............. .
................
22.Martha says/said, "What was your sister wearing at the party, William?"
Martha asks...... .... .......... .... .................... ..... ........... ... ............. .. ................ ..
.......... .. .......
Martha
asked .................. .... ................. .................... .... ............ .... ........... .. ......... ..
...........
23.Michael says / said, "What happened here this morning, Helen?"
Michael asks .. .......................... .................. .................... .................... .... .............. ....
.............. ... .
Michael
asked .............. ................... ................... ........................ ... .................... ................
.... ..........
24.James says / said to her, "When are you going to read me some of your poems?"
James
asks ..... .................. ... .......... .... .............. ..... .................... ...................... ............. .
.. ............ James asked .... ............... .. ................. .................. .... .............. ..... . ...........
.. ................. .. . ..........
413
EXERCISE 248 REPORTED SPEECH (QUESTION)
Change the following sentences into "Reported Speech" paying attention to the tense of
the "Reporting Verb". Use the reporting verb "ask" only.
Direct : Mary says / said to me, "Do you believe in God?"
Reported : Mary asks me if/whether I believe in God (or not).
Mary asked me if / whether T believed in God (or not).
1.I say / said to Kale, "Does your father really work for the Secret Service?"
I ask ____________________________________________________________
I asked ____________________________________________________________
2.Rita says / said to me, "Did you see the doctor yesterday?"
Rita asks____________________________________________________________
Rita asked____________________________________________________________
3.Natalie says / said to Peter, "Do your students speak English very well?"
Natalie asks____________________________________________________________
Natalie asked ____________________________________________________________
4.Leyla says / said to him, "Were you living in Turkey during the war?"
Leyla asks ____________________________________________________________
Leyla asked____________________________________________________________
5.My father says / said to us, "Are you listening to the radio now?"
My father asks
____________________________________________________________
My father
asked____________________________________________________________
6.Dorothy says / said to Richard, "Does your wife usually have lunch in the kitchen?"
Dorothy asks ___________________________________________________________
Dorothy asked
____________________________________________________________
7. I say / said to my wife, "Will you go to the circus tomorrow?"
I ask____________________________________________________________
I asked ____________________________________________________________
8. The manager says / said to me, "Does your wife have any complaints to make?"
The manager asks
_________________________________________________________________
The manager asked
____________________________________________________________
9. My sister says / said to me, "Are you on friendly terms with your friends?"
My sister asks
____________________________________________________________
414
My sister asked
____________________________________________________________
10. Danny says / said to Silvia, "Do you love me?"
Danny asks ____________________________________________________________
Danny asked
_______________________________________________________________
11. Kevin says / said to her, "Are you going to see your father off tomorrow?"
Kevin asks _____________________________________________________
Kevin asked ____________________________________________________________
12. Julia says / said to me, "Are you married to Sandra?"
Julia
asks .... .................... .... ............... ... .... .............. ... .................... ........................
..
Julia
asked .... ............. ....... ... .......... ... ...... ... ................. .... ..................... ... ..............
... ......
13. Barbara says / said to him, "Have you seen any good films recently?"
Barbara asks ........... .. .......... .. .. .............. ..... ...................... .... ...................... ....
................
Barbara asked ............ ... ................. .... .............. ... ... .................... ................... ...
.. ........
14. Paul says / said to Zeynep, "Are you going to the theatre tonight?"
Paul
asks .. ........... .. .. ................. ... ............ .. .... .. ..... ... ................ .. . .
.......
Paul
asked ........... ... .. ............ .. .. ............... ..... ........ ......... ..... ............. ... ... .........
.... .
15. George says / said to me, "Have you ever flown in an aeroplane?"
George
asks ............ .. .... ................... ... .................... ...... ...................... .... .....................
.. .....
George
asked ....................... ... ..... ............................ ... ............................... .......................
...... .
16. Mike says / said to me, "Are there any petrol stations in this area?"
Mike asks. .. ... .. ........................ ... .. ............................... ..... .... .................. ..
.... .....
Mike asked .. .... ............... ..... .... .. ..................... .. ... .. .. ............ .. .. ... ..
... ......
17. Jackson says / said to Maria, "Is there a dog in the garden?"
Jackson asks. .. .......................... ... .... .. ............................... ..... ........................ ...
.. ........
415
Jackson
asked .. .. .. .................. ... .. ..... ..................... .... ..... ..................... ..
18.My teacher says / said to me, "Do you have many friends in Istanbul?"
My teacher asks....... ... ................ ...... ...... ............................. ..... ........................ ...
... ...
My teacher
asked ... ..... .... .................. .. .. .................... .... ... ... ............. ... .... ... ..
19.Sally says / said to Tony, "Were you in London last year?'
Sally
asks............. .. ... .................... ... .... .................... .... ..... ................. .. .. ... ..
Sally
asked .............. ... ... ......................... .. ............................. .... ......................... .....
...
20.Wendy says / said to me, "Have you been running since you got up?"
Wendy
asks ....... .............. .... .... ........................... ... .. ............................. ................... ..
Wendy
asked .. ........................... ... ........................... ..... .. .................... ... ... ............
21.The man says / said to the woman, "Can you speak English?"
The man asks ... ................ .... .... .. ........ ... .... ... ........... .. ... .......... . ...
The man asked ..... .. . .............. ..... . ................. ... .... ....... ...... ... . ....
22.She says / said to him, "Did you manage to find the documents I wanted?"
She
asks ............... .. ... ................ ... .... ......................... ... ........................ .. ..
. ....
She asked............... .. ........ ........... .. .... ..... ................... .. ..... ................... .. ...
23.Chris says / said to me, "Were you employed by the company two years ago?"
Chris
asks .... .. ........................ .... ..... ........... . .. .. .................. .... .. ...................
..
Chris
asked .. ... .. ................. ... ..................... ... ...... ...................... . .. ..................
24.My wife says / said to me, "Were you angry with me last night?"
My wife asks .. ... ... .................... ..... .. .............. ..... ... .. ........... ........ .... ... ............
..
My wife asked .. ................. .. .....:............. ... . ............ .. .. ................. ... ...
.
416
EXERCISE 249 REPORTED SPEECH (IMPERATIVE)
Change the following sentences into "Reported Speech" using the "Reporting Verbs"
on the list below.
TELL DEMAND FORBID ORDER REMIND
WANT
COMMAND INSTRUCT URGE WARN
THREATEN DIRECT
Direct : Peter says / said to me, "Show me the pictures".
Reported : Peter tells me to show him the pictures,
Peter told me to show him the pictures.
Direct : Angela says / said to me, "Don't go near the harking dog".
Reported : Angela orders me not to go near the barking dog.
Angela ordered me not to go near the barking dog.
1. My boss says / said to me, "Don't tell anybody about this plan".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
2. The doctor says / said to me, "Eat fruit when you are hungry".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. Peter says / said to her, "Don't worry whatever you do".
417
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
4. My mother says / said to me, "Wait in this room until I come back".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. My father says / said to Peter, "Tell me what time you got up this morning".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
6. My friend says / said to Helga, "Don't forget about your appointment".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
7. My sister says / said to him, "Turn the light off before you go out".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
8. She says / said to me, "Don't drink water before you eat your meal".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
9. The doctor says / said to the girl, "Put out your longue".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
10.The man says / said to us, "Don't touch anything before the police come".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
11. My mother says/said to him, "Take the meat out of the oven when the bell rings",
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
12.Carol says / said to Peter, "Try to finish your homework before you go to bed".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
13.Lucy says/said to me, "Don't take the dog out for a walk in the afternoon".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
14.Jack says / said to Mary, "Don't disturb me. I am busy writing letters".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
15.Gilda says/said to Jack. "Bring me the book which your father bought last week".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
16.Rita says / said to me, "Don't forget to thank your teacher when you say good-
bye".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
418
17.The policeman says/said to her, "Do what you are told or you will get into
trouble".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
18.I say / said to the policeman, "Don't tell me that you are an honest man".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
19.My mother says / said to him, "Swim in the sea when the weather is really hot".
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
20.Molly says / said to Peter, "Don't tell me that you know the story that I am
reading",
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
419
EXERCISE 250: REPORTED SPEECH (REQUEST)
Chance the following sentences into "Reported Speech" using the "Reporting Verbs" on
the list below.
ASK (POLITELY) BESEECH REQUEST
2. My mother said to Linda, "Please, don't wipe your hands on my clean table-cloth".
7. "Could you please explain this subject once more?" the student said to the teacher.
8. Pamela said to me, "Can you show me the way to the train station, please?"
9. She said to the student. "Please put out your cigarette before entering the library".
10.The woman said to the man, "Could you direct me to the post office, please".
11. Peter said, "Will you please be my best-man at the wedding, Michael?"
420
12.Muge said to me, "Would you be kind enough to show me the cats?"
14.Donna said to me, "Would you please keep an eye on my suitcase for a minute?"
1. She said to me, "Don't make a lot of noise when you are playing".
2. My son said, "I'll have plenty of time because I don't have to go to school
tomorrow".
3. Rita said to me, "Don't worry, I will pay you back on Saturday".
5. She said, "The man who was living in this house has sold the car".
6. He said, "I always encourage the audience to laugh before the show begins".
9. Donna said to him, "Do you know where Janet went last night?"
421
10.Tom said, "Why do you keep staring at me, Janet?"
11. My father said, "Let's go for a walk now. It is not raining any more".
16.My sister said, "If I had enough money, I would buy a new car".
18.She said to me, "If you take the dog for a walk, it won't bark so much".
20.I said to her, "You will win the match if you play more carefully".
21.She said to me, "Be careful not to break any of those glasses".
23.Diana said to Jack, "Please don't ask me such questions. Do you want me to tell
you lies?"
24.George said to Jill, "Do you think this kind of thing will happen again?"
25.I said to the man, "Do you think that the Government will set up a public
enquiry?"
422
26.Betty said to the pilot, "Can you give a clear description of the UFO?"
27.The flight attendant said to the passenger. "Fasten your seat belts because we have
28.The old man said to them, "Don't go near the house because there is a gas leak".
29.The witness said, "I can identify the men who are guilty".
31.The man said to me, "Have you decided which courses you are going to take?"
32.Mary said to me, "Do you know how long Alice has been playing the piano?"
33.My father said, "The car is in good condition though it needs to be repaired".
34.The boss said to me, "Pay particular attention when you are doing your work".
35.I said to Jane, "I havent seen you for ages. What have you been doing since I last
saw you?"
36.She said to him, "What do you do when you are sailing against the wind?"
37.My mother said to me, "Do you think that you will be happy if you marry Rose?"
423
EXERCISE 252 : REPORTED SPEECH
Change the following sentences into "Direct Speech" writing the exact words of the
speaker.
Example: He asked me where I had gone the day before.
He said to me, "Where did you go yesterday?"
4. She told me that she would go to London if she could find a better job.
11. Mary asked me if I had watched the film on TV the night before.
424
15.He told me that he could not help me as he was busy.
17.She said she had been able to speak French when she was twelve.
1. "Let's have a picnic on the island next Sunday!" said Jennifer, (suggest)
Jennifer_________________________________________________________
2. Roger said to Hilda, "That car you are driving belongs to me", (claim)
Roger_________________________________________________________
3. Patricia said, "Yes, I have had an accident with my car", (admit)
Patricia _________________________________________________________
4. "I have never spoken to the King", said Jane Seymour, (deny)
Jane Seymour_________________________________________________________
5. "I will never lie to my father again", Susan said, (promise)
Susan_________________________________________________________
6. "You should take the other road", Matilda said to me. (suggest)
Matilda_________________________________________________________
7. Rita said, "I telephoned at ten oclock, but nobody answered it", (explain)
Rita_________________________________________________________
8. Peter said to me, "You are quite right in what you say", (accept)
Peter _________________________________________________________
9. Betty said, "I can speak six languages very well", (boast)
Betty_________________________________________________________
10.The witness said, 'This is the man I saw at the scene of the crime", (affirm)
The witness_________________________________________________________
425
11. Lolita said to me, "You really must come and meet me", (insist)
Lolita_________________________________________________________
12.The weatherman said, "We will not get any rain today", (predict)
The weatherman_________________________________________________________
13.Melissa said, "I know where the stolen car is", (claim)
Melissa _________________________________________________________
14.The teacher said, "Yes, the exam is very difficult", (agree)
The teacher_________________________________________________________
15."You never take my advice seriously", my father said to me. (complain)
My father _________________________________________________________
16."This man doesn't know what he is talking about", said Nancy, (mutter)
Nancy _________________________________________________________
7. She had good qualifications, but she had trouble finding a job.
9. Yldz was wet to the skin, but she didn't feel the cold.
13. The car was very expensive, but it caused a lot of problems.
429
15. Jane has no education, but she has got a very good job.
16. Stella looks very young, but she has a very mature attitude.
2. He won the match despite the fact that he was the youngest competitor.
3. She failed in the examination in spite of the fact that she worked very hard.
5. She refused to lake off her coal although the weather was unbearably hoi.
6. Arthur remained very cheerful in spite of the fact that he was very angry.
7. I hope you will come although you are living so far away.
8. Although she was beautiful, she couldnt get part in the film.
9. Despite the fact that he was strong, he was not able to open the door.
430
11. Despite the fact that she is very kind, she is sometimes bad-tempered.
12.She managed to smile in spite of the fact that she was very distressed.
14.Although they made a lot of efforts, they couldn't clear away the oil.
15.Despite the fact that the traffic was bad, we got to the station on time.
1. I will write down the address so that 1 will not forget it.
5. I will stand aside so that the teacher may enter the classroom.
10.He will take a short cut so that he can get there in time.
12.The teacher will take the students to the theatre so they may see Hamlet.
14.She is opening the door quietly so that she will not wake the baby.
1. Janet wiped all the surfaces. She didn't want to leave any fingerprints.
432
3. Sharon will go on a diet. She wants to lose weight.
4. Sandra locked the door. She wanted to keep the burglars away.
10.I have bought a new house; I want the children to have more rooms.
11. We stayed in a hotel near the airport. We wanted to catch the early morning flight.
12.We are thinking of moving to the city. We want the children to get to school easily
14.I am going to settle the matter. I hope there will not be any further problems about
it.
433
1. She will wear her overcoat in case the weather gets cold at night.
4. Jennifer will handle this vase with care in case it gets broken.
5. I will say good bye in case I don't get time to come to the airport to see you off.
8. I will stay at home all night long in case my father needs me,
11. The soldiers are evacuating people from the area in case the volcano erupts.
12.He is very worried in case anything happens to his valuable car during the night.
434
EXERCISE 261 : ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF PURPOSE
Rewrite the following sentences using "LEST" instead of "SO THAT" making the
necessary changes as in the examples.
Example: Aye is going to the airport by taxi so that she should not miss the plane.
Aye is going to the airport lest she (should) miss the plane.
John was walking very carefully so (hat he should not fall on the ice.
John was walking very carefully lest he (should) fall on the ice.
1. Jane is studying hard so that she should not fail in the exam.
2. The doctor told my father to stay at home so that he should not catch cold again.
3. The burglar wore gloves so that he should not leave any fingerprints.
4. I locked the door so that the children should not go out to play,
5. You had better write it down so that you should not forget it.
9. We are speaking quietly so that our father should not hear us.
10.He was extra polite to his superiors so that something adverse should be written
11. She had to grab the iron rail at her side so that she should not slip off.
435
12.Leave the lights on when you go out so that burglars should not break in.
2. Alison was very angry. She broke the chair into little pieces.
3. The boy was very intelligent. He soon left the rest of the class behind.
4. We were very busy; we had to put off going on holiday for a month.
8. She was very depressed. There was nothing I could do to cheer her up.
436
9. The policeman was very unhelpful. I couldn't keep my temper under control.
11. The weather was very cold. The water in the river froze.
12.He was very wet after the storm. He went upstairs to change his clothes.
1. It was a very popular concert. We had to queue for tickets for hours.
2. Carol has a very friendly manner. Her friends like her very much.
437
4. It was a very hot day. We decided to go swimming.
10.He was a very important man. He was elected leader of the opposition party.
11. My friend has a fertile imagination; lie can create all kinds of characters.
13.The new teacher had a very strange accent. I couldnt understand him.
15.I made silly mistakes. The teacher tore up the whole paper.
1. The wind was blowing very strongly. Many people ran to the shelters.
438
2. My teacher shouted at me very loudly. I began to cry.
3. The man was talking very fast. I could hardly understand him.
4. The woman spoke very softly. I could hardly hear what she said.
6. My brother was explaining the subject very funnily. I couldnt help laughing.
8. My sister was eating her food very greedily. I decided to order another portion.
10.The man was acting very strangely. The child started to run away.
12.The boy was crying very much. We had to send him out of the hospital.
13.The bus stopped so frequently. We were not able to get to the station in time.
14.The policeman behaved very rudely. I couldn't keep my temper under control.
439
Answer the following questions using "SO ... THAT" or "SUCH ... THAT". Use the
prompts below.
* The fish was very expensive. * Last night I was very tired.
* The teacher explained the lesson very fast. * Sheila inherited a lot of
money.
* The programme on TV was very boring. * It was very mild weather.
* The suitcase was very heavy. * Peter worked very hard.
* Diana is a very kind person. * Gilda was very charming.
* Tom had a lot of exciting time in Italy. * It is a very nice day.
* My father shouted at me very loudly. * The boy was sleeping very
soundly.
Example: A: Why didnt you buy the fish?
B: The fish was so expensive that I didnt buy it.
1. Paul plays the piano very well. As a result, he was offered a place with the
orchestra.
441
2. I was very jealous of my friend. As a result, I fell quite guilty
5. The weather was very bad. As a result, the referee cancelled the match.
7. The wind was blowing very hard. As a result, the match was cancelled.
10.The boys were very clever. As a result, they soon left the rest of the class behind.
11. It was a very expensive book. As a result, I couldn't afford to buy it.
12.It was a very sunny day As a result; they all went for a picnic.
13.They were very good dancers. As a result, the audience applauded for ten minutes.
442
2. She was ...... ... .. . beautiful girl that everybody stared at her with admiration.
3. It was .... ... .. hot weather that I sat in the shade of the tree all day.
4. It was... ..... .. .. lovely morning that he decided to walk to work.
5. They are........ intelligent students that they hardly need a teacher.
6. He bought .. ... ........ lot of apples that we will be eating them for weeks.
7. Mr. Brown and his wife were ........pleasant people that we have decided to stay
there again next year.
8. The film was ... .. .. .. successful that it ran for two years.
9. The music was .. . ....... .. beautiful that I listened to it for hours.
10.The event was . ... ... .... serious that I will never forget it.
11. The job sounds ... .. ........ . attractive that I am seriously tempted to accept your
offer.
12.They are .. .. .. .... good friends that everybody wants to be their friends.
13.He plays basketball ... ... .. . well that he is always chosen for the team.
14.Roger is ..... ............. good student that teachers hold him up as an example.
15.Eileen is......... . .. charming that everybody falls in love with her at first sight.
16.He is ......... .. .. fantastic tennis player that everybody watches him when he
plays.
17.They are .............. .. good friends that they are inseparable.
18.I was .............. tired that I couldn't stay awake.
19.He spoke .. ... .. movingly that several women began to weep.
20.He ran with ..... .. ... effortless speed that the others were left far behind.
21.The mountain was ... ... ......... high that we couldn't see the summit.
22.He had..... .. ... lot of questions that I didn't have time to answer them.
23.I was .... ... .. amazed by what I heard that I stood there speechless.
24.It was ............... .. difficult exam that I couldn't finish it.
25.The sea ..... .... ... .. rough that the ship sank almost immediately.
26.They were having ................ .nice time at the party that they didn't want to leave.
27.There were.. .... ........... many people in the queue for tickets that I missed the train.
28.The teacher became .... ... ... .. enraged with the student that he beat him.
443
29.He is ....... ..... good tennis player that he will win all the matches.
30.Tom talks ... .. .. ..... nonsense that no one listens to him anymore.
31.I was .. ... ..... pleased with him that I invited him to supper.
32.It was ................. . cold morning that I put on two heavy pullovers.
33.I have...... ....... ... many friends that I never feel lonely.
34.It was ............. .... warm this afternoon that I didn't wear my jacket.
EXERCISE 268 ADVERBIAL CLAUSES OF PROPORTION
Rewrite the following sentences using the following sentence structure.
THE + COMPARATIVE, THE + COMPARATIVE
Example: As I have more money, I want / will want more.
The more money I have, the more I want / will want.
As Lara became more beautiful, so my love for her grew more.
The more beautiful Lara became, the more my love for her grew.
8. As you work more carefully, so you make / will make fewer mistakes.
10.As you wash your car more frequently, so it lasts / will last longer.
444
11. As the film is more frightening, so I enjoy it more.
448
EXERCISE 271 : NOUN CLAUSES (AS THE OBJECT OF A SENTENCE)
Change the following Direct Questions into "Noun Clauses" as the "Object of the
sentence", making all the necessary changes. "Noun Clauses" start with the conjunctions
"IF" or "WHETHER.
Noun Clause
I wonder + If/whether + Statement
I would like to know + If/whether + Statement
Do you know
+
If/whether If + Statemen
449
tExamples: Does the teacher speak Polish?
I wonder if / whether the teacher speaks Polish.
I would like to know if/whether the teacher speaks Polish.
Do you know if / whether the teacher speaks Polish?
1.Does your sister like horror films?
a........ ....... .. ................. .. .............. ................. .................. ................... ...............
.... ................
b. .... .............. ............ ................... .............. .............. ................ .... ........
....... ...............
c. ............................................... ................ ................. ................. ................. ..........
..................... ?
2. Are men and women equal in Turkey?
a. .... .......... .. . ........ .... .... ....... ... .......... ... ......... ..... .......... ..... ........... ..... ....
.. ...... ... ........
b........ .... .......... ... ............ .. .............. ............... .......... ... ............. ... .............
... .. ..... .
c. ............................. .. ............ .. ......... ... .......... .. ............. ................. ......
..... ............?
3. Is Italian more popular than Spanish?
a. ....... .. .... ........ . ....... ........ ..... ................. .... ............. ... ........ ... .................
. ... ......... ...
b. ............... ............... ....................... .............. ............... .. ................. .............
.................
c. .... .............. ............. ..................... .............. ................. .. ............. ... ....
.... .... .?
4. Are the students playing table-tennis at school?
a. ............ .. ...... ... .. ... ............ ..... ........ ..... ..... . ..... ........ ... ......... ... ..
............... ....
b. ................................. ................ ............... ... ................................ ..... ...............
.... ...........
c. .......... .. .............. ............ ... ............. .. ....... ............ .... ................ .........
.............. ........?
5. Do people stand up when they hear our national anthem?
a. .. ..... . ... ............... ... ........ . ... ..... ........... ... ........... ... ..... .. ... .................
. .. . .......... ...
b. ...... .......... .. .... ............. ............. ... ........ ..... .......... ..... ................ ............. ..
.. . ..... ... ....
c. . .. .............................. ............................ ................................................................
... ............ ..?
6. Did the general order the soldiers to attack the castle?
a. ...... ............. .. .............. .. ............ .. .. ...... .... ......... ... ............. ... . ......
... ..............
450
b........ .............. .................................... ............ .. ............... ..................................
......................
c. ................. ................. .. ................ .......... ............ ................. ................ .... ......
........ ... -?
7. Have the sailors been examined by the doctor today?
a_______________________________________________________________________
___
b_______________________________________________________________________
___
c_______________________________________________________________________
___?
8. Did Carol take her children to the circus last night?
a_______________________________________________________________________
___
b_______________________________________________________________________
___
c_______________________________________________________________________
___?
9. Was the wounded man taken to (the) hospital in the morning?
a_______________________________________________________________________
___
b_______________________________________________________________________
___
c_______________________________________________________________________
___?
10. Does your sister want animals to be kept in zoos?
a_______________________________________________________________________
___
b_______________________________________________________________________
___
c_______________________________________________________________________
___?
11. Did Jennifer Lopez win any awards?
a_______________________________________________________________________
___
b_______________________________________________________________________
___
c_______________________________________________________________________
___?
12. Will your friend have any chance to practise his English in London?
a_______________________________________________________________________
___
b_______________________________________________________________________
___
451
c_______________________________________________________________________
___?
13. Was your mother playing the piano when the phone rang?
a_______________________________________________________________________
___
b_______________________________________________________________________
___
c_______________________________________________________________________
___?
14. Will the Members of Parliament discuss death penalty next month?
a_______________________________________________________________________
___
b_______________________________________________________________________
___
c_______________________________________________________________________
___?
15. Are there any horses on the farm?
a_______________________________________________________________________
___
b_______________________________________________________________________
___
c_______________________________________________________________________
___?
452
EXERCISE 272 : NOUN CLAUSES (AS THE OBJECT OF A SENTENCE)
Change the following "Direct Questions" in brackets into "Noun Clauses" as the "Object
of the sentence", making all the necessary changes. "Noun Clauses" start with a
"Question Word".
Noun Clause Subject + Verb + Question Word + Statement
Example : A: What do you remember? (What did Hilda tell you last week?)
B: I remember what Hilda told me last week.
1.A: What do you believe? (What does Mary write in her autobiography?)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
2. A: What did you hear? (What did Mge say about inflation in Turkey?)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
3. A: What do you remember? (How did Pamela behave at the party?)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
4. A: What did the lady tell you? (How did the police catch the thief?)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
5. A: What does the woman want to know? (When will Natalie come to Turkey?)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
6. A: What do you want to know? (Where have the students gone?)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
453
7. A: What did your mother admit? (Where did she hide the money?)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
8. A: What did they teach you? (How does the machine work?)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
9. A: What did the girl in the shop ask you? (What do you want?)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
10. A: What do you guess? (Who did you bump into this morning?)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
11. A: What don't you know? (Where is the treasure?)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
12. A: What did your brother ask you? (What did you do this morning?)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
13. A: What did the tourist want to know? (Where is the Blue Mosque?)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
14. A: What do you know? (When will there be a general election in Turkey?)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
15- A: What did your father ask you? (What time did you get up this morning?)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
EXERCISE 273 : NOUN CLAUSES (AS THE OBJECT OF A SENTENCE)
Change the "Statements" in brackets into "Noun Clauses" as the "Object of the sentence",
making all the necessary changes. "Noun Clauses" start with the Conjunction "That".
454
Noun Clause Subject + Verb + That + Statement
Example: A: What do you think? (Gloria has to study hard to pass her
class.)
B: I think that Gloria has to study hard to pass her class.
1.A: What do you know? (The Earth travels round the Sun.)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
2. A: What do you remember? (Eileen was very happy.)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
3. A: What are you afraid about? (The telephone is out of order.)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
4. A: What does your teacher think about you? (I am not very selfish.)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
5. A: What are you afraid about? (I have burnt the toast.)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
6. A: What do you think? (You will have to sharpen the knife.)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
7. A: What are you afraid about? (I have left my wallet at home.)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
8. A: What did your teacher say? (My homework was terrible.)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
9. A: What are you worried about? (I couldn't go to her wedding party.)
B:
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10. A: What was the teacher disappointed about? (The students failed in the exam.)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
11. A: What were you pleased about? (All the students came to the party.)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
12. A: What did Peter confess? (He pulled the poor woman.)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
13. A: What did Helga tell you? (She wanted to go to the concert with Roger.)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
14. A: What did Mary say to you? (She didn't like that kind of music.)
B:
________________________________________________________________________
15. A: What did the prisoner declare? (He was guilty of murder.)
B:
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EXERCISE 274 : NOUN CLAUSES (COMPLEX SUBJECT)
Complete the following sentences changing the "Prompts" into "Noun Clauses' "Noun
Clauses" start with the conjunction "THAT".
Example: It is important that we should keep calm.
We should keep calm. Jane should stop drinking
The man is lying. alcohol.
She didn't come to my party. We cannot go on like this.
We will be a little late. He didn't want to play cards.
She refused to talk to you. People are pleased with this
She didn't phone me. policy.
We will miss the train. The Prime Minister will resign.
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There is a problem with the car. Lolita will pass her class.
My father will come tomorrow. Nora killed the man in self
We will get there in time. defence.
I will go abroad next year. The house was empty.
She left without saying good bye. Your sister should tell the truth.
The escaped prisoned is in Rome. Your father lost his job.
1. There is a rumour .... ........ 12.His a shame ......... .... ......
2. It is apparent ....................... 13.It is curious ......... ...... .............
3. 1 find it strange .................... 14.It seems .... ................................
4. It is probable ....... .. .... ... 15.There is a chance ... .........
5. It was really astonishing . 16.It is likely .... ..... ....................
6. There is a risk . ......................... 17.Ins doubtful ... ......................
7. It worried me a bit........ .. 18.It seems clear ..........................
8. It is important . ... ..... ...... 19.It is necessary ...........................
9. It was clear ... .... ................... 20.It was a mystery ......... .... .
10.It appears ..................................... 21.There is a likelihood ........
11. It is a pity .......................... .... 22.It shocked me ............... ....
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4. The lawyer claimed ........ ... ..... ................ his client was not guilty of committing the
crime.
5. .... ............ .. .. two business people come to get lit r, they often discuss work or
business.
6. Matilda speaks English .......... ... .... ...... she were an American citizen.
7. I didn't invite him to the wedding party... ..... ................. I didn't like him.
8. .. ... ....... ........ .... I am not interested in Jazz music, I didn't go to the concert.
9. My brother didn't complain ............... .. .... he was in great pain.
10. ................... .... ... ... I had seen the film before, I didn't want to see it again.
SO THAT ALTHOUGH NOW THAT THE WAY UNLESS
IN CASE AS THOUGH WHEN UNTIL WHERE
1. He took an electric torch ........................ ..... .. there was no light in the attic.
2. .. .................... .... .... she had a headache, she carried on with her work.
3. He hid the file on purpose.. ............... .. .. no one would find it.
4. Lolita behaves .................... ... she were the director of this factory.
5. Could you look after the children ............ . ... ..... I get home?
6. ...... ... .. ................. you have a ticket, you cannot get into the theatre.
7. I don't care what people think about ... .... .... ........ I dress.
8. I always stay at the Waldorf Hotel.......... ...... ............ I come here.
9. .. . ..... .... ...... ...... .you have your driving licence, you can borrow your fathers car.
10. They landed .. ................... ............ the surface was smooth.
EXERCISE 277 : CONJUCTIONS
Complete the following sentences with the "Conjunctions" on the list below.
AS IN CASE UNTIL AS LONG AS ALTHOUGH
AFTER SO THAT WHILE WHENEVER SINCE (BECAUSE)
1.I have to be well-dressed ......... .. ..... ... ....... I make a good impression on people.
2. We took some food ..................... .... ... we got hungry on the journey
3. ...... ..... .................... John drinks coffee, he gets a headache.
4. You can borrow the calculator ................... .... ... ..you bring it back.
5. ...... ..... .................. I had entered (he room, I took off my coat.
6. Please do not turn the paper over .... ... .................. I tell you to begin.
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7. You are to do exactly.. .... ....................... . I say
8. Christina got the job .................... .... ....... she was not well qualified.
9. My mother was mending my socks .......... ..................... . I was doing my homework.
10. ................ .... ..... you have got the highest mark, you will get the prize.
IF THAT NOW THAT BECAUSE WHETHER OR NOT
AS UNLESS THOUGH AS SOON AS WHETHER / IF
1.I will not go on holiday ............. .................... ... you come with me.
2.I don't know ..................... .................... Patricia will be able to come to the party
tomorrow.
3. They discovered .................. .. .... . many of the old beliefs are lies.
4. .... .................... ... . I was crossing the road, I was nearly knocked down by a car.
5. The film was good, but the ending was a bit of a
disappointment, ......... ... ... ..........
6. ................. ..................... Hilary has a car, she can go everywhere she wants.
7. She turned the volume up .... .. .................... .... she couldn't hear properly.
8. ........................... ... .....John got home, he put on his slippers and started reading the
paper.
9. Caroline may pass the exam........... ... .................. she works hard.
10. ...... .................... ... we go on holiday this year depends on many things.
AS WHILE WHEREVER IMMEDIATELY UNTIL
SINCE UNLESS WHETHER ON CONDITION THAT FOR
1.I will lend you the money . ..... .. ..................... you give it back on Sunday
2.Peter has given up sailing ..... ... .................... ... he doesn't have enough money.
3.Dont disturb me ........... ... .. ................. it is something urgent.
4. ........ ...... .. ................ the convict hides, the police will find him.
5. He took care of you .............. ... ................... you were ill.
6. ............. ......................... . she plays on Saturday depends on what her doctor says.
7. You have gained a lot of weight .................. .... ........ I last saw you.
8. .......................... ..... ...... it was very late, we decided to go home at once.
9. Those flowers will be in bloom . .... ... ..................... spring comes.
10. We are not going to stop digging.. .. ...... .......... ...we find the ancient ruins.
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EXERCISE 278 : CONJUCTIONS
Complete the following sentences with the other halves by writing them. Put the
corresponding letter in brackets.
1. ( ) -Let's forget work...... .. .. .. ................. .....
2. ( )-Rose went to work ...... ..............................
3. ( ) -The football match was postponed .............
4. ( )-I found a note on the wind screen .. ............
5. ( ) -Helen was walking very carefully ..... .. ...
6. ( )-The box was so heavy .... ... .... ......... .. .
7. ( ) -You will have a holiday tomorrow .,... ..............
8. ( ) -Jane lives in Istanbul ... ............ ... .. ............
9. ( )-They have made progress ................ .... ...........
10. ( ) -George runs faster .............. .... ................ ..... .
11. ( )-You had better lake an umbrella . ............. ....
12. ( ) I will go to the cinema .................... .... ............
13. ( ) -My mother didn't let me go to the forest.........
14. ( )-Eileen went to bed very early ................ ...
15. ( ) -Melanie was trembling all over ... ............ ...
A as I was getting into my car.
B lest she (should) fall on the ice.
C as though she had seen a ghost.
D while we are on holiday.
E because she was exhausted.
F despite the fact that she was ill.
G in case I (should) get lost.
H until the weather improved / had improved.
I as long as you work hard today.
J in spite of the fact that they have had a lot of difficulties.
K regardless of what the doctor says.
L since I arrived here.
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M as far as I know.
N that Mary couldn't lift it.
O than I do.
1.I don't think we . ....... .... ... ... ..... . ..... travel to Mars before 2025.
2. My daughter.. . ... ... .. .. .......... .. swim when she was five years old.
3. If we don't hurry up, we .................. ... .. . catch the bus.
4. They were shouting so loudly that I. .... . . .. ... ... hear what Patricia said.
5. The weather was wonderful, so we ........ .. ... ... ... . .... have a picnic on the
island.
6. I ... .... . - .. ... ... understand the teacher when speaks fast.
7. With the help of a policeman, I . .. ... .. .. ... ... push the car to the side of the
road.
8. Swimming after eating. . ... .. ... ..... .. be very dangerous.
9. I ... ........ ..... ...... pass my class if you didn't help me.
10. I am sorry I am late. I ............ ... ... .. ..... find a parking place.
11. I .............. ..... ..... ... ........... play the guitar when I was seven.
12. She was such a clever child that she .......... .. .... ... ... read by the time she
was four.
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13. I ... .... ... ...... ............. save the drowning child if you had nut helped me.
14. When I was younger I ....... ................ .. .. .. stay up all night and not get tired.
15. The supermarket was closed, so I .. .. ..... ...... . .. ... buy milk for my baby.
16. Rosemary is ill in bed, so she .. . ........... .. .. .. come to school next week.
17. I am sorry that I .. ... .. .. . ................. find the address in this telephone
directory now.
18. He..... .................. ... .. pay his bills because he was having financial difficulties.
19. I ........ ......... .. .. ... speak French within six month, I think.
20. Too much sun ................. ... .. be very dangerous.
21. My father .................... .. ... .. speak three languages when he was thirty years old.
22. We .. ................ . ... watch the match last night because there was no electricity in
the area.
23. Two of the engines stopped, but the experienced pilot .... ................... .... land the
plane safely.
24. We... .... ....................walk across the street when the lights are red.
25. I........................ speak English at the beginning of this year, but now I ............
speak it very well.
26. She told me her name, but I .... ... .. .......... .... remember it now.
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EXERCISE 281 THE MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS
Complete the following sentences with the "Modal Auxiliary Verbs" on the list below.
HAVE TO DON'T HAVE TO
HAS TO DOESN'T HAVE TO
HAD TO DIDN'T HAVE TO
WILL HAVE TO WON'T HAVE TO
WOULD HAVE TO WOULDN'T HAVE TO
Example : I will leave the party early because I. .. .. .. study for my exam.
I will leave the party early because I have to stud}' for my exam.
I got up early this morning because I............ do my homework.
I got up early this morning because I had to do my homework.
I will stay up late tonight because I ............................. go to work
tomorrow.
I will stay up late tonight because I don't have to go to work tomorrow
I stayed up late last night because I .......... .... .. 10 go to work on
Saturday.
I stayed up late last night because I didn't have to go to work on Saturday
1. My children are very happy because they ......... .... .. .... . do any homework
today
2. They..... ..... .... ... ......... be here at ten oclock because the meeting starts early.
3. When I arrive home, I ........................ .... .. explain the reason why I was late for
school.
4. They have plenty of time. They ... ... .. ...... hurry to the cinema.
5. I .... ... .................. work hard if I won a lot of money in lottery
6. What time did you.. .... ... .. ..... .. get up this morning?
7. Susan ..... .. .... .. do her homework ever}' day but she ... ..... ............. study
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at weekends.
8. Does your father ............................. ..... support his family?
9. We .................... .. ... wear school uniforms at school.
10.Students.. ... ... .............. be in class at lunch time.
11. Do you .... .... .. .................. learn a foreign language at school?
12.What did your mother ..................... .. ... wear in Saudi Arabia when she went
shopping?
13.Did you ........................................ write the letter in English?
14.Nathalie Cardone. ......... .. ... ......... save money because she was rolling in
money
15.Did you .... .. .................. lend him any money when you were at the boarding
school?
16.The child .............. ......... ... understand the meaning of poverty, I think.
17.We .... .......... ... .... do the shopping when our mother was ill.
18.We have got plenty of space in the new building, so your father................spare an
office any more.
19.You .... .... .. .. ...... wear your safety belts when you are driving.
20.I think I. ................................. learn Persian if I go to Iran.
21.The students .... ...... ... .... ... .. carry all the chairs into the garden yesterday.
22.My sister .... .. .................... study the history of India in order to be an Indian
citizen.
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she .. ... .. ... .. .. .... .... ... ... .. .. . .. ...
My mother is not happy now, but she used to be happy when she was in
Paris.
I go to the cinema often, but
I ... ... . ......................................................... .. .. ... .. ..
I go to the cinema often, but I didn't use to go to the cinema when I was
young.
I go to the theatre often,
but... ... ........... . ... ... ... .... .............. ... . ... ... ..
I go to the theatre often, but I never used to go to the theatre when I was
young.
There is not a theatre in the city now, but.......... ..... .... ... . .........................
... ... .. ..
There is not a theatre in the city now. but there used to be one sixty years
ago.
There is a mosque in the village,
but. ... . ........ ...... ... ..... ..... ... ..................
There is a mosque in the village, but there didn't use to be one forty years
ago.
a. Julia is very fat now, but she. ... .. ... .... .. .............. ... ... .... ....
b. My father is very poor now, but he .............. ... .. ... .. .... .........
c. We don't see horses in the cities now, but we .. ... ... ... .. . ..
d. Jane doesn't have a car now, but she ... .............. .. ... ..... ... ..
e. There is not a mosque near the hospital, but there ..... .... ... ... ..
f. They don't live in luxury now, but they .... ... ... .......................
g. Olga is quite thin now, but she ........................... ... ... ... . .. .
h. I smoke a pipe now, but I ......... .. .. ... ... . ... ........ ...... .... ...
i. My father helps the poor now, but he ......... . .. .... ..... ....... ........ .
j. My mother isn't very beautiful now, but she ....... .. .. ... ... ....
k. They don't have a dog any more, but they ........ ... .... ... ................
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l. My daughter isn't very shy now, but she .. .............. .. .... .. .
m. They live in a small village now, but they .. .. . .... ......... ... ...
n. Lisa sucks her thumb now, but she ............ . ... .. ... ... ...........
o. My father doesn't drink beer any more, but he .... ....... ..... ..... ....
p. There is not a sheriff in our town now, but there .... .. .. ...............
q. Many people dont go to church now, but they .. .... .. .........
r. There is a cemetery in the heart of the city, but there .... ... ...
s. I don't take my dog for a walk any more, but I .......... .... ... ...
t. There is not a swimming pool in this area, but there ......................
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B: You ______________________ seen her; she is still in hospital.
7. A: The burglar went straight to the safe although it was hidden behind a picture.
B: Someone ______________________ told him where it was.
8. A: My pocket is empty. Have I spent all my money?
B: Well, if your pocket is empty, you ______________________ .spent all your money.
9. A: Marisa is very late. I wonder if her car broke down.
B: Well, if she is late, her car ______________________ broken down.
10. A: Rose wrote the letter in English.
B: She ______________________ written it in English, because she doesn't know
English.
11. A: People used to walk ten kilometres to do their shopping many years ago.
B: They ______________________ had a lot of time and energy in those days.
12. A: The door was open when I came home.
B: it______________________ been open. I had locked it myself and the key was in
my pocket.
13. A: Do you know why Gilda is walking to work?
B: She ______________________ missed the bus again.
14- A: Anita went to sleep in the park and when she woke up her purse had vanished.
B: Someone ______________________ stolen it when she was asleep.
EXERCISE 287 : THE MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS
Rewrite the following sentences using the structures below to express "Logical
Deduction" about the Past.
MUST + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
CAN'T + HAVE + PARTICIPLE
Example: I think the thief opened my handbag while I was talking to my friend.
The thief must have opened my handbag while I was talking to my friend.
I dont think that my boss has read your report yet. My boss can't have read
your report yet.
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2. I am not sure that the manufacturer made some amendments to the contract.
5. I dont believe I have lost the keys. I think I have left them at home.
6. I think the man saw the address of the agency on the brochure.
7. I am not certain that your father wrote that article about inflation in Turkey.
8. I dont think that demand for their products was very high last year.
9. I am sure that Sharon has got used to her new job in this office.
10. I don't suppose that Wendy went and reported the matter at the police station.
11. I am pretty sure that David has gone to try out his new car.
12. I dont think that I left my finger-prints on the gun, because I was wearing my
gloves.
13. Hilda has had a very long interview. I am sure that she has got the job.
14. Oh no! When I was cooking these vegetables, I think I didn't put any sail in
them.
15. I dont think that he has been made redundant. He was only promoted last week.
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EXERCISE 288 : THE MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS
Make a comment for the following situations using the structures below to express Advice",
"Obligation" or "Criticism".
SHOULD + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
SHOULDN'T + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
Example: A: I was poisoned because I ate some poisonous mushrooms by mistake.
B: You shouldn't have eaten those mushrooms.
A: I didn't do my homework, so my teacher got angry with me.
B: You should have done your homework.
1.A: I didn't write down the address, so I have forgotten it.
B: You
___________________________________________________________________
2. A: Helen didn't stand still while she was being photographed.
E: She
___________________________________________________________________
3. A: My father caught a terrible cold, because he went out without a coat.
B :He
___________________________________________________________________
4. A: The room is full of flies, because my mother opened all the windows.
B: She
___________________________________________________________________
5. A: The driver in front stopped suddenly without giving a warning and I drove into the
back of his car.
B: The driver
___________________________________________________________________
6. A: My brother lost many opportunities, because he didn't take the exam.
B: Your brother
___________________________________________________________________
7. A: I am broke now, because I spent all my money foolishly.
B: You
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___________________________________________________________________
8. A: The teacher shouted at me this morning, because I didnt wear a tie.
B: You
___________________________________________________________________
9. A: The man treated the animals cruelly, that's why my son started to cry.
B: The man
___________________________________________________________________
10. A: Marisa slipped and broke her ankle, because she was wearing high heeled shoes on
the icy pavement.
B: She
___________________________________________________________________
11. A: The policeman gave Fiona a ticket, because she had parked her car in a no-parking
zone.
B: Fiona
___________________________________________________________________
12. A: Romeo jumped into The lake although he didn't know how to swim.
B: He
___________________________________________________________________
13. A: My father drove the ear after taking four sleeping pills.
B: He
___________________________________________________________________
14. A: My sister is upset because you didnt write her a letter .
B: I am sorry, I
___________________________________________________________________
EXERCISE 289: PREPOSITIONS (1)
Complete each sentence with a proper "Preposition" on the list below.
ON IN WITH TO ABOUT
AT OF FOR FROM
1. I am ashamed...................... my children's behaviour.
2. The house is still .................. fire.
3. She was still................... pain after her operation.
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4. Helen takes great pride ......... .. her new car.
5. ... .... ..... his great surprise, he won the first prize.
6. The prisoners were .. .. ....... the mercy ................. the ruthless guardians.
7. George is a very mean person. He finds it difficult to part. ............. his money
8. The man was found guilty ...... ... .. murder.
9. ..... .... first I thought he was very rude, but now I like him.
10. He has not heard .................... his father................... ages.
11. There is a house. ............... sale near here.
12. My brother is always very critical...................... his friends.
13. He insisted...... .... having his lawyer present.
14. The soldier was presented .... .. .. a gold medal after the war.
15. I will go to Canada ........... ...good and I will never come back again.
16. I would like to apologize .................... you .. .... ..... what I said.
17. The teacher is always complaining .......... ... the parents ...... .... the students.
18. I am not .............. good terms ....................... my brother; we are always
fighting.
19. The teacher accused the child ................ his bad behaviour.
20. Such behaviour is characteristic ... ...... ..... Jane. She is always doing such
things.
21. She was .... ....... a hurry and didn't notice that she had dropped her purse.
22. The watch he bought ... .. .. the man was identical ................ the one I had
lost.
23. I really congratulate you . .... ... ... your great success.
24. She is very keen ... ......... .. playing computer games.
25. He was jealous . .. ..... .. his friend's success.
26. Your dress is really very similar.... .. .. the one I have just bought.
27. Olga spent all her money ... ........... a new car.
28. John claimed that he was not guilty ..................... committing the crime.
29. I am not accustomed ....................... driving .................... the left side of the
road.
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30. Mothers always worry ..... .. .. their children, and so do fathers.
31. My father is frightened.................. snakes.
32. The plane was getting ready to land .... ..... ... the airport ...... ......Miami.
33. My wife is very fond ..................... working in the garden.
EXERCISE 290 :PREPOSITIONS (2)
Complete each sentence with a proper "Preposition" on the list below.
ON IN WITH OF ABOUT
AT TO FOR OVER FROM
1. Have you found the solution . ..... ... .... . the problem?
2. He is a very big boy ........................ his age.
3. All the trees in our garden are now .................... .blossom.
4. He had a strange expression. ............... his face when he said that he loved me.
5. I haven't got much talent.......... ... .music.
6. We are ..................... favour.... .. .............. this reform.
7. Are you married .... ... ......... Gilda?
8. I always try to be patient.......... ... .. my students.
9. Handle this parcel............ .... care; it contains something breakable.
10.The horse was able to jump .... ............. the high wall.
11. I haven't got any money ........................ me
12.I have never bought an avocado, so I can't tell a ripe one .................. . an unripe
one.
13.I prefer red cars ...... .... ... ... blue ones.
14.We must book a room ........................... advance if you really want to go there.
15.He was a man ............................. great determination.
16.The teacher was delighted .... ......... .... the students' progress.
17.We are all familiar .............. .... .. the French literature, but the American literature
is unfamiliar
18............................... me.
19.I will pay you a hundred dollars ...... ... ... .cash. .... . .......... the machine.
20.James was very proud .... ..... ... .... his brother.
21.She is not interested .......................... classical music.
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22.My father doesn't have any confidence ........................... me.
23.The car was going... ........ .... 100 miles an hour when the accident happened,
24.I haven't seen you ....... .... ..... . ages. Where have you been?
25.He sells ...... ..... ... . the average twenty cars a day.
26.Everything was ..... .... .......... darkness when the lights went out.
27.Don't worry ............................ being unemployed; I am ............................ the same
boat.
28.I dont agree .......... ....... the man who says that Turkey is full ........................
impostors.
29.I am sick and tired .............................. living in Istanbul.
30.We are waiting............................. the arrival............................. his plane.
31.My father has been working .... ... ......... the B.B.C ........................ . a long
time.
32.We go to the theatre ...... .. .... .... irregular intervals.
33.I saw a cowboy.... ... .... ... the distance.
EXERCISE 291: PREPOSITIONS (3)
Complete each sentence with a proper "Preposition" on the list below.
AT FOR FROM IN INTO AGAINST
TO WITH ABOUT BY ON OVER
1. We will go .. ... .... the circus tonight if my father comes home ... .... .. .
time.
2. When we arrived.......... .. ..... Paris, it was raining cats and dogs.
3. You are mistaken. I dont agree .................. ..you .. .... this point.
4. I never listen .. ... .. .... the radio while I am doing my homework.
5. If you believe . ... .. .. justice, you must believe ... ... . the existence of
God.
6. I prayed .. .... .. . Jane because she was having hard times.
7. Hammer the nail .. ... .. this wood, will you?
8. I was surprised .... ... .... .. what my teacher said .. ... ... the Prime Minister.
9. We have not heard .. .. .......... Wendy ..... .... .... a long time.
10.I would like to thank everyone ... .. ... ... all the help they have given me.
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11. She confused her ... ... .. .. asking many difficult questions.
12.The soldiers were marching ... .... .... ... the bridge when the time-bomb exploded.
13.The Church of Highland broke . .... .. Rome ..... ............. the reign of Henry
"VIII.
14.Some people make a lot of fuss .... ... .. their food.
15.He was blamed ... .... ... .... breaking the law.
16.The actor appeared . .............. ..... .... "Sons and Lovers" last year.
17.The criminal goes ............................. the name of John.
18.When we got...... ...... ... the house, no one was there.
19.The burglar was wearing a mask .. ...... .. his face.
20.The soldiers complained ....... ........... the commanding officer ... .. .. . the bad
conditions.
21.All of a sudden, the storm developed .................. a typhoon.
22.The wreckage ... ... ... . the plane scattered .. ........ a large area.
23.The snake changed ... .. ........ a beautiful lady.
24.What a pity that he quarrel resulted . .. .. .. a fight.
25.The slaves rose .... ... .... .. their cruel master.
26.The bull rushed .... .... ... .. me, because I was dressed .. ....... .. red.
27.I am shaking hands. ... ... .. .. my English teacher.
28.She got frightened. . .... .... the sight of the dead man.
29.The citizens protested ... ... . . the new law.
30.This corridor opens ............. ......... the hall.
31.She will witness .. .... .. ... Smith .. .. .... the trial, because she hales him.
32.I closed my eyes and wished .... ...... .... a car.
33.The destroyer collided ........................ the United States nuclear submarine.
EXERCISE 292 PREPOSITIONS (4)
Complete each sentence with a proper "Preposition" on the list below.
AT ON BEHIND UNDER ABOVE
AROUND IN BETWEEN AMONG BELOW
1. I saw the teacher . .. ....... the bus-stop half an hour ago.
2. He was in the first submarine that sailed ..... . .... the North Pole.
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3. The books which you gave me are lying ..... . ... .. the floor.
4. She is ..... .... . the kitchen helping her mother.... ..... ........ the moment
5. The captain of the ship was ......... ... the sailors who had abandoned the ship.
6. Do you live .. .. ......... Samsun?
7. There are too many cars ............ . the roads today.
8. Helen lives ...... .. ... the third floor.
9. As it was raining heavily, we decided to stay .... ............ home last night.
10. I was ...... .. .. work all day ........... .. Saturday.
11. She will witness against David ........ .. the trial.
12. This painting looks nice ... ... ...... this wall.
13. Living together without getting married is increasingly common . .... ..... .. the
young.
14. The Mississippi River is the longest river ........... .. the United States of America.
15. We ran into Carol ... .. .... the exhibition the other day.
16.He works. .. ... ..... the Bank of England.
17.Arnavutkoy is . .......... .. Bebek and Kurueme.
18. The teacher is sitting.. .. ....... . the table and writing a letter.
19. The children ......... .. . 14 years of age are not allowed to see this film.
20. We are. going to have a holiday ... ...... the mountains.
21.When the train arrived .. ............ the station, we bought a newspaper.
22. The visitors are sitting ......... .. the balcony ................ the moment.
23. A light started .. ... ..... the two groups of boys.
24. I am looking ..... ... .. . the example ... ..... ...the board.
25.We didn't see you ............ ... ... the party last night.
26.We had breakfast ........... ..... ... the garden this morning.
27.The captain of a ship is ...... .... ....... a seaman.
28. I dreamt of you last night. You were .. .. .. ....... a bus going . .. .. ... .. Ankara.
29.Samsun and Ordu are . .. .... ..... the Black Sea.
30.Kars is ........ .... .. the eastern part of Turkey, isn't it?
31. The burglar heard a noise coming from upstairs, so he hid ..... ........ the curtains.
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32. Some politicians walked ...... ... ... the crowds, shaking hands with the people.
33. The plane took off and was soon flying ..... ........ over clouds.
EXERCISE 293 : PREPOSITIONS (5)
Complete each sentence with a proper "Preposition" on the list below.
OF FROM IN ABOUT
AT FOR TO WITH
1.That is very kind ............. ... .. you To show me the way to the hospital.
2. I am proud ........ .. .. being a Turkish citizen.
3. My father is very good . .. ... ... . playing table tennis.
4. It was a good film ..... ... ........ beginning.... .... .... .end.
5. He is very different ...................... his sister.
6. Mersin is famous .......................... its oranges.
7. He was shouting. ... .... ... the top of his voice.
8. I have been interested .... ... ... ... the stars... .. .... . a long time.
9. My sister is very much afraid .. .. ... .. mice.
10. Why are you angry .............. .. .. me? Have I said something wrong?
11. My sister is very bad .. .. ... . ... tennis.
12. The teacher is very kind .... ... ........... her students.
13. Rose was absent...... ............class yesterday
14- She was annoyed ... ... .. .. what she heard.
15. Are you ashamed ................. ..your parents?
16. I am not really concerned .... .. ... that side of the story.
17. I am very grateful...... .. ... my English teacher.... .... .. . her great help.
18. She is very indifferent........ ........... the events happening in Turkey.
19.I am fond ........ ... .... classical music.
20. She was absorbed .. .... ........... her book.
21.Are you related........................John Smith?
22.The guards walked.............................. and fro in front of the palace.
23.I think Sarah is connected .......................... the bank robbery
24'. The man was conscious .......................... being watched by the police.
25.I am not very enthusiastic ..... .. ..... .... working on Saturdays.
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26.I am not very pleased ....... .. ....... the performance of the car.
27. If you are bored ... ... ........ listening to the radio, let's play chess.
28. He is always careful..........................his appearance.
29. He soon became adjusted .............................. his new job here.
30. She is married ................ .. two children.
31.I am very disappointed ...................... you.
32.Are you excited .... ............. going to Italy?
33.We can admire the magnificent view of the sea.................... . the hotel balcony
EXERCISE 294 : PREPOSITIONS (6)
Complete each sentence with a proper "Preposition" on the list below.
AT ON IN DURING SINCE FROM
UNTIL FOR TO AFTER BEFORE
1. I learnt to play the piano .. .. .. .. the age of ten.
2. He always visits his parents .... .. .. .. Christmas.
3. My father came ........................ Istanbul . ............ August.
4. I have been in Germany . .. .. .. .. 1969.
5. I will wait here ................. the end of the game.
6. She lived. .. .... .. . London.. ... .... ... ten years.
7. I arrived .. ....... .. die station .. ..... ... ten oclock.
8. I will be here ............ .. .. ten minutes.
9. We ran into Paul.. .. ..... ........ the early hours of the morning.
10. .... ............... ... Friday morning we left Istanbul . ........ .... Hamburg.
11. We will go.. .. ............Antalya.......... .. ... the spring.
12. I will have breakfast.... ... ...... the exam.
13. My sister usually goes swimming .. .............. the weekend.
14. We always have a big party.......... .. .. New Year's Eve.
15. He was hanged .... . ... .. dawn.
16. ......... .. ..... my stay in hospital, I lost twelve kitos.
17. They took rests .. .... ............... work every three hours.
18. .. ........................ which century was Beethoven born ?
19. She has been married ................ ... Frank ....... .... ... ten years.
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20. Do you have snow ........... ..... your country ... ... ... .. the winter?
21. She burst into tears .. ............. hearing the tragic news.
22.I cried ..... .. . ....... the end of the film.
23..................... .. the wedding ceremony, all the guests went home.
24.I always go and see her ... ... ............ her birthday
25.I have to be back ... .. .. ... twelve oclock.
26.I was very nervous ....... ........... the examination.
27.We arrived there .................. ... lunch time.
28.They got married .................. .. the first of April.
29.We will play tennis .. ................... Wednesday afternoon.
30.He lay. .................... agony until the doctor came.
31....................... .... her maiden voyage, the Titanic met with disaster.
32.The stewardess showed us how to use a life jacket.. ..... . ........ the beginning of the
flight.
33. I lived in Paris ...... ... .... ...... five years, .... .................... 1976 ....................
1981.
EXERCISE 295 : PREPOSITIONS (7)
Complete each sentence with a proper "Preposition" on the list below.
AT I'OR TO FROM ON IN SINCE UNTIL
1. My father is.. .. .... the ship sailing.. . .... Japan.
2. I saw a shadow .. .... .. ... my left when I got out of the house.
3. I get up . .... . six oclock . .. the morning.
4. We don't, get up early . ...... .. ... Sunday mornings.
5. I believe ...... .. .. God.
6. I have been working . ........ ... the T.R.T. .. .years
7. They live ... ..... ... .. 15 Royal Street.
8. ... .. .... .. a quarter-past ten. I was still waiting .. . . my friend.
9. She was injured ... ... ... a train crash.
10. He is a man .. ... .. . great physical strength.
11. She is afraid .... .. losing her money and fame.
485
12. I haven't seen you ... . ... . ages.
13. She learned English ... .. .. .... six months.
14. Their names were not ..... ............... . the passenger list.
15. What do you wish ... .... .... your birthday?
16. There were some people .. .. ....... the queue.. ... front.... .. .. me.
17. I was introduced ... .. .. her parents yesterday.
18. Bursa is famous . .. ... .. its peaches.
19. They accused him ... .. .. ... robbing a bank.
20. I am going to apply.. .. .. . that job as soon as possible.
21. It does little good to argue ................ . a judge.
22. It often takes a long time to recover .. ...... a serious illness.
23. Wearing these clothes while working will protect you .. ... . .. possible injury.
24. We are very different . .. .... .. each other.
25. She is very fond ....... .. .walking in the rain.
26. Can I buy duly-free goods .. .. .. the plane?
27. I was repairing the car...... .. ..... 8 oclock .......... ..... eleven oclock this morning.
28. She has been suffering . ... .. .... malaria . . .. ..1999.
29. I am working with a pen . .. .. ... my hand, and I am sitting........... .. a table.
30. This old church dates .. .. ... ... the twelfth century.
31. The children stayed awake ..................... midnight.
32. .. .... ....... least ten students were . .. . the cinema last night.
33. I am very grateful........... .. ..Helen ........ . ... her great help.
EXERCISE 296 : PREPOSITIONS (8)
Complete each sentence with a proper "Preposition" on the list below.
BY AT WITH LIKE FOR OF
ON OFF
INTO
FROM
OUT O
F1. We always go to the cinema ... ... bus.
2. She charmed the guests ...... ................ her smiles.
3. The prisoner is charged .................. .. I reason.
486
4. I have great admiration .. .... .. . Atatrk.
5. Ursula says it is romantic to have dinner .. ... .. .....candlelight.
6. I always go to the cinema ....... ............... my Friends.
7. She goes to school... .. .foot.
8. The ashtray hit him .. ... .. .. the head.
9. A number of students have been arrested .... .... ... the police.
10. That was not an accident; you did ... ... .. purpose.
11. His wound was treated ............. ...... . the new ointment.
12. Rebecca and Mandy are armed ..... .... .. .. spears.
13. He recited the whole poem .. ............. ...... memory.
14. Rosemary lives .. . .. her parents.
15. Henry insisted. ... ... ... complaining .. ... .... the manager........ .. person.
16. I want to do something nice, .. .... .. going to die cinema.
17. Some sweets must be saved.. .... ... ..... the children.
18. The car was . .. ............ good condition when it was bought.
19. I have won a lot .... .. ......... money .......... .. gambling.
20. They will sell the car ...................... .. a low price.
21. Caroline's husband is .... . ... ... work now. He has been looking for a job.
22. Several people were arrested ........... ..connection .. ....... .. the bank robbery.
23. The doctor usually travels ..................... plane.
24. The poor man had been stabbed ........ ... . . a knife.
25. The Concorde can travel. .... .... .... very high speeds.
26. He lost his job .. ....... .being drunk.
27. I am a bit short... ......... ... money
28. They took a taxi.. ........... .. the airport .... . . . the hotel.
29. When they arrived home, they got .. ... ... the car.
30. All the books suddenly fell ... .. . the shelf.
31. He was very tired when he got back .. .... ... . . the party.
32. He lost control...................... the car and it went .. ... the road.
33. She came ... ... ..... the room and all the students stood up.
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EXERCISE 297 : PREPOSITIONS (9)
Complete each sentence with a proper "Preposition" on the list below.
BY WITH AT FOR IN ON FROM OF OFF TO
1.I am fed up .. ...... ........ your remarks about my compositions.
2. Did you come ... .... ... the U.K. .. ... ..business?
3. Thai painting is ..... .... ..Picasso.
4. If you join the club, you must abide ..... .... . its rules.
5. .. ........... all his faults he is still a good husband.
6. The burglar has been charged ..... ... .. seven crimes.
7. I am not acquainted .. ... ... that man. Do you know him?
8. What time is it.. ................... your watch?
9. We agreed..................... the price ....... .... the car.
10. How did you do .... .... ..... the science lest?
11. The decision rests .. .. ... ...you.
12. I am not.... ....... ... friendly terms ... .... ... the landlady ...................... the moment.
13. A fire broke out ..... ... .... one of its engines and soon the whole wing was . ...
.....flames.
14. I did badly ... .. ....... that exam.
15. She reprimanded him ................... breaking the window.
16. They claim that crime is .... ... ... the increase in Turkey.
17. Henry VIII wanted the church to cancel his marriage ................... . Catherine of
Aragon.
18. ... ...... .. last I have managed to cure him . .................... that nasty habit.
19. This house reminds me .............. the house I grew up in.
20. I didn't go downstairs because I was afraid .. ... the dark.
21. He sat listening ..................... the sound of her key in the door.
22. The man spoke .................... a foreign accent.
23. We are often suspicious ........ .... ..... strangers.
24. She paid the bill....................... cheque.
25. The prisoner tried To conceal the truth . .... .. the judge.
488
26. . .... .... my arrival home, I was greeted ........ my parents.
27.The house was crowded ... ........ students.
28.He spoke ..... ... .... an air of authority.
29.My friend fell .... ... .... his bicycle while he was looking at a beautiful girl.
30.It was pouring .... .... ...... rain.
31.The man who is hard........................ hearing pretends to be a famous writer.
32.Most people do not object ... ................ giving ..... .......... charity.
33.He is fully aware .. ....... the risks he takes.
EXERCISE 298 : PREPOSITIONS (10)
Complete the following sentences with the necessary "Prepositions".
1. You have to pay for the tickets ... .... ....advance.
2. She apologised ... ... .... .... being late.
3. He accused me . ............. . . stealing his pen.
4. She learned the poem . ................... heart.
5. She is always complaining. .................... my teacher........... .... her friends.
6. I am not very keen ...... .. ..... tennis.
7. I should be able to cope .......... .... .. this problem.
8. Everyone enjoyed the film ...... .. .. .me.
9. The storm resulted .... .. ............. the deaths of over fifty people.
10. The manager took several phone calls ... ............ my interview.
11. He is ....... .... ........ the impression that you love him.
12. .. .... .......... my request, they ordered me a taxi.
13. Everything is ... .... ........... control. There is no need to panic.
] 4. She told me that she had sent the letter... .. ......... post a week ago.
15. Strawberries are ... .... ... ...... season at the moment, so they are very expensive.
16. I have heard this song so many times that I know it ......... .... heart.
17. I am afraid that these jumpers are ........ . .. . stock, so we cannot find them.
18. The natives are armed .. ........... spears.
19. I am tired ..... .. .. .. wearing this old jacket.
20. I will go to Japan ... ............... good. I will never come back again.
489
21. We inflated the balloon ................ ..gas.
22. The mixture consists .. ... ........... soda and time.
23. They insisted ..... .... .......... our staying for lunch.
24. I am ashamed ....... .... .. .. my son's behaviour.
25. He showed great attention .. ............... his work.
26. My sister always puts the blame .... ............... me.
27. Our English teacher is always careful ................. his appearance,
28.The dog shows great affection .... .............. his master.
29. The boy was afraid .. .. . the dog, so he couldn't enter the garden.
30.He spoke.... .... ............ an air of authority at the meeting.
31.What is the alternative ........... . this question?
32.James received no answer................ ... his letter.
33. I began my musical education .. ................... the age ....... ... ... five.
34.I am going to stay here ............ ..... .. the end of the month.
EXERCISE 299 : PREPOSITIONS (11)
Complete the following sentences with the necessary "Prepositions".
1.The workers don't want to work ............ . .. these conditions.
2.The plan was prepared . .. ............. patience.
3. I always pay my electricity bill ... . ... . cash.
4. We are looking forward .. ... .. ...... seeing you next week.
5. The man had a craving. .... .. .... alcohol, so I didn't mam 'him.
6. The taxi was going.......... .. .... a tremendous rate.
7. You will have to put up .. ... ... ..... them for a little longer.
8. She is . ......... the habit of talking . ... ...... herself.
9. I am very grateful .... ... ... ... Angela ........ .. ... her great help.
10. While.... .. .... . his way ............. .. the cinema, he met an old friend.
11. The two countries are now. .. .. .. war. ................ . each other.
12. If I give you the information, what will you give me .... ........... return?
13. I ran for the bus, and now I am ..... ... ... breath.
14. I will wait .. ................. you . .. .. .. the cinema, on the pavement.
490
15. No one can beat me .... .... ... ...backgammon.
16. He promised to be here by ten oclock ........... . ..fail.
17. We need to decide who is going to be ....... ...... ..... the committee.
18. This car runs. ... ........ unleaded petrol.
19. The football match starts .. .... ... . three oclock .. .... ....... . Saturday.
20. There has been a rise ... ... .. ... lire number of violent crimes .. .. .. Turkey.
21. The difference .... .... .. . you and me is that I dont mind hard work.
22. I am having trouble .... .............. my car these days.
23. .... ..... ... the exam, Robert began to feel unwell, so the teacher sent me out.
24. I was ...... ............. the impression that you like football, but I was wrong.
25. She has talent .... .... ..... ..languages.
26. .. ....... ...... least nobody got hurt ....... ... the accident.
27. One of the irate fans threw a bottle .............. the goalkeeper.
28. I fell in love .. .. ... ..... her the moment I saw her.
29. The car crashed ... ... ........ the wall and then burst....... .. .... flames.
30. Many changes were made ...... ... ... the last minute.
31. Ben Johnson was ....................... no means as innocent as he pretended.
32. I am looking for a pair of jeans ... . ........... my size.
33.She always stays here when he is ........ . .. .leave.
34. Do you want to come .................... a swim ....... ........... Saturday morning?
EXERCISE 300 : PREPOSITIONS (12)
Complete the following sentences with the necessary "Prepositions".
1. We are going.... .. .. .. Scotland. .. . a holiday.
2. We haven't had a letter ....... ............. our parents ... ... ... ages.
3. I havent cleaned my car ... ... ........ my birthday.
4. The house with the red door belongs . ........... ...... the Smiths.
5. Do you want me to write this letter ... ... .. Hnglish7
6. I spent a lot of money ... .. ...... good food, not . .. ... presents.
7. Pamela lay .............. ... .. the sun and then swam ....... ..... . the sea.
8. Steve often stays . ................. the office .. .. ... 5 oclock.
491
9. She is going to the cinema with a friend ............... hers.
10. The car has run . ... ... .. petrol, so we cannot go anywhere.
11. Have you seen our English teacher. ...... .. the past few years?
12. I was accused..................stealing the money.
13. All flights have been cancelled because... ..... ......fog.
14. George congratulated me . .............. passing my examination.
15. She knocked ... ..... ..... the door to wake me up.
16. Candidly speaking, I prefer Paris ... ... ... . London.
17. The roof............ .. . the house is . ... .... .. bad condition.
18. Some people are not ... ... ............. favour .... ....... nuclear power in Turkey.
19. We ran into a friend .. ... .... ... yours in the street yesterday.
20. A plane carrying 28 passengers crashed .......... ... the sea the other day.
21. lam.... ... ......... my way .. ................. school now
22. He hasn't replied .. ................. your letter yet.
23. Who is that girl standing ........................ the bus-stop?
24. In Britain people drive. .... .............. the left.
25. Tom spent his holidays ..... ... ......... a small island .................. the coast of
Scotland.
26. London is .. .... . .......... the River Thames.
27. I was selling .. ............... the back .... ... ..... the car when the accident
happened.
28. Have you ever worked .................. a farm?
29. I was ..... ............. Tom's house last night.
30. Do you know if this train stops ... .... .... Ankara?
31. Did you talk .. ... ... ....Jack........ ... .. your problem?
32. I am sorry ....... ... .... not phoning you last night. I completely forgot.
33. She is married .............. .. . a Spaniard and she is very happy.
34.It was very kind ........... .. ... you to send me these flowers!
35.Pamela went away.................. . saying good-bye.
36. Ann is very different .. ... .. ..her sister.
492
37.I think the manufacturer wants .. ............... .. some amendments to the contract.
38.I hope... .... .......... .. a lot of skin diving on holiday.
39. He didn't get the job because he ........ ... ........ badly in the interview,
40.He is .... ...... ....... .. some special training to be a pilot.
41.Does she.. ............... ... her share of the housework?
42. When I was at school, I used ................. .... a lot of baby sitting at the weekends.
43. One should have lots of patience... ........... .... gymnastics.
44. Scarcely had the plane taken oil when the pilot had to .. .... ............... a forced
landing.
45. When did you learn ....... ... ........... up your own shoe-laces?
46. ... ......... .. ... that parcel up, please.
47. Please sit down and .. ............... .. . yourself at home.
48. I will ..... ........ .. .. the beds before I go to school tomorrow morning.
49. The police hope ... ............ ..... an arrest very soon.
50. What association do you ........ ........ .... .. with the colour black?
51. Your diets are adjusted according to the progress you .. .... ... ........
52. I had to have some repairs .. ........ .. . to my car.
53. You had better .. ....... .... ....... your chores properly.
54. Without further apology, he ......... .. ............ a dash for the telephone.
55. I told the secretary. ........ ... .......... all the arrangements for the meeting.
56. A change of job will.. ... ........... ..... you good, I suppose.
57. What are those clothes .. ............. .. .. on the floor?
58. I don't love this woman as much as you ........... .............
59. It is quite difficult. ... .. ........ ... an exercise like this.
60. They will.... ... ........ .. a firm offer for your house.
61. John is often behind in .. .. ........ . .... his payments.
62. I stayed at home and ................. ... ..... some reading.
63. When I ..... ... .............. an apology to a woman, I say, "I am sorry Madam".
64. Do you want .. .. ........... ... an assessment of this?
65. Fish and chips .......... ................. a good meal.
493
66. I don't know how you can.... .. ................. a crossword puzzle all evening.
67. I...... .................... a bit of tennis at the weekends.
68. I think Cathy will ......... .. ........ an excellent doctor.
69. She......... ............... many false statements at the meeting yesterday.
70. She .......... .... ......... a pantomime of put ling a key in the lock and finally the guy
understood
that she wanted her room key.
71. He is....... ... .......... . a recommendation about the use of nuclear power.
72. The dragon ................ ... .. nothing but good.
73.Have you .. .. .. .. ... the pilgrimage?
74.......... ................... up your shirt, it is not......... .... .. properly
75.What have you .................... .... ..with your bicycle? -I have put it in the yard.
76.I cannot................. ...... . without music.
77.He .................................. a model plane out of wood last night.
78.If you want....... .... .. .. friends, you must have good manners.
79.He had .... .. .... ...... up his mind to be a doctor when he joined the navy.
80.The boy. ..................... up that story; it was no I true.
498
LIE/LAY:
1. If you are tired, you had better go and ..... ... ..... ....down.
2. The dog ... ...................... on the back of the car when the accident happened.
3. The maid ................................ the table at the moment.
4. Our hens ......... .. ... ... two dozen eggs yesterday.
5. I.......... just... ..... ... the dictionary on your desk.
6. The man has been ..... .. .. ..... .... in prison for ten years.
7. A curse ................ always ..... .... on that family for years.
8. He said that he had never been there, but apparently he ........ .................. .......
9. A new submarine cable ...................... between England and the Netherlands.
10.They ..... ......... ...... a trap for their enemies yesterday.
11.The snow ................................ thick on the ground last week.
12.The town ............ ... .... .. about two miles to the east of the city.
13.The final decision.................... .... .with the jury.
14. The ship .. .... .. .... anchor oil the coast of Cyprus yesterday.
15. I will do everything that.. ..... ......... ... in my power.
16. You have always . ........ to your parents, so they don't believe you any more.
17. They .... ... .... ....... the wounded woman down on the grass.
18. This workman is able ... ............. .. bricks very quickly.
19. She ..................................... a heavy burden on my shoulders saying that I would look
after the children.
20. His body .... ........ .... ... in the graveyard of" this town.
21. I read anything I can .. ... ..... ... .. my hands on when I was on holiday.
22. Don't leave your socks ............................... on the floor.
23. The fault appears .......... ... ... with the computer system.
24. I wonder what really. .... .. .. .... . behind her decision.
499
25. The dog................. ........... its ears back and howled.
26. These discussions have .................. ...... .... the foundation for a change of policy.
27. ...... .... .... down your weapons and surrender; your situation is hopeless.
28. She always ... .... ....... ...... about her age, so no one knows how old she really is.
29. They are ... ..... ... .... ... new telephone lines. That's why, the road is closed.
30. As he had been warned that bad weather ... .... ....... ahead, he changed course.
31. I...... .............. my towel on the sands and .. ................... down on it after you
went away.
32. These books ..... ..... ..... ....... . on the table for a long time.
33. She ........ ... ... .. great emphasis on good manners,
34. The scene of the story is .. ... .... .... .... in Ankara.
35. Will you please . .... .. .... .... aside that book for me?
EXERCISE 302 : TRANSFORMATION (1)
Complete each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the
sentence printed before it.
Example : I haven't enjoyed myself so much for years.
It is.. .. ............. .. .. . ... .......... .... ... .. ...... .
It is years since I enjoyed myself so much.
1.He got wet because he didn't have an umbrella.
If he .................... .... ............... ....... ... ..................... ......... .... .. .. .. ... ........
..
2. The plate was so hot that Caroline couldn't pick it up.
It was ... .... .. .. .. .......... . .. .. ................ .. ... ........ ..... .. ... ......... ,. ..
. ...... . - -
3. Bill didn't go to work because there was a transport strike.
If
there.. ................. ....... .. ..... ..................... .... ... ... ........................ ... .. .....
........... ... ..
4. It is not always necessary to show your passport at the border.
You .......... ...................... ... ... .... .............................................................. .....
500
5. If a new bridge is not built, the traffic problem will get worse.
Unless ........... ..... ................ ... ..... .... .. .. . .......... ... . .. .. ... .. . ........... ..
. .........
6. The new motorway to the coast is still being built.
They are still ..... ................ .. .. .. ..... ................. .. .. .. ... .............. ....
... ..
7. I prefer flying to going by ship.
I would
rather...................... ....... .... .... ................... ........ ... .. ..................... .. ...
8. Bill Brown started flying planes ten years ago.
Bill Brown
has .............. ... .... .... ., .. ....................... . .... ..... .... .............................. .. ...
.. .
9. They have already banned lorries from the centre of some cities.
Lorries....................... . ..... .. ... ... ... . ..... ..... .. ... .. ....................... .. ..
...
10. Public transport used to be cheaper than it is now.
Public transport
isn't .. .. . .. .. .. .. ........ ..... . .. ... .. ............ . ... ..
11. I have never been on a transatlantic flight before.
This
is ... .... .. .............................. ... ... .. .......................... .... .... .... ................... ..
.. ... ....
12. My father used to cycle more than he does now.
My father doesn't cycle .............. .... ... .. . ............................ ... .... .... . ......... .....
..... .... .. .
13. The super jet flew from London to New York in only two hours.
It only took .................. .... ... ................... ... .. ............... .... .. ... ... .. .......
14. John's salary was so low that he demanded a pay rise,
John had. ........ .............. . .. .... ... .... .......... ......... .. .. ... ...... .......... ... ...
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15. It is too cold to go swimming today
It
isn't ............... .... .. ... .......................... ... ..... ................................ .. ... .....................
......... ...
16.I would rather stay at home than go to the cinema.
I prefer ...... .. .. ..................... ... ... ............................ .. ... .. ... .................
17. Although he felt ill, Philip went to work.
In
spite ................ .... ..... ... ..... ..... ...................................... ... .... .... ..........................
18. Are you still doing your homework?
Haven't you ........ ............ ............................................ .... .... .... .... .............
19. " Nancy, what about staying for dinner?" said Mge.
Muge invited ................. .. .... ....... .... ..... ...... .............................................. .......
20. Somebody will steal your bicycle unless you lock it.
Your
bicycle ................................................................................................................................ ..
....
21. Paul wasn't healthy enough to become a soldier.
Paul was........... .. .... ... ... .... .... .... ..... ..... ..... ...... .... .... ..... -- ..... -
22. Maureen didn't have enough holiday to visit her aunt in Australia.
Maureen's holiday . ....... ................................................................. .......... ...... .... ...
23. I have never had such a marvellous opportunity before.
This
is .................................................. ....... ..... ..... ..... .............................................. ..... ....
24. Rose worked harder than Carol.
Carol
didn't........ ... .................................................................... ..... ...... .............................
25. The training course was not so interesting as he had expected.
He had expected .......................................................... ... ..... ..... ... ....... .....................
26. " Why dont we go windsurfing tomorrow? "John said.
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John suggested ............. .......... .... ..... ...... ...................................................... ... ...
27. It annoys me when people smoke in restaurants.
I cannot stand people ............... .... .... ...... ......... . ...................................................
28. We couldn't swim in the sea because of strong currents.
Strong currents stopped ............................................................................ ...... ..... ..... ...
29. Did I pay the bill? I dont remember.
I don't
remember ......................................................................................... ... ..... ..... .......
30. Oh, yes. I am certain that I saw that woman,
I
remember ............................................. ..... ..... ........... .......................................................
31. Susan had her eyes lased.
Susan's eyes ............................................................. .... ........ ... - - ...............
32. A lot of people say that sugar is bad for old people.
Sugar .......................................... .. .... ... ..... ..... ........... ....... ...... .... ..........................
.
33. Lucy asked me if I had always smoked so much.
Lucy said to ...... ....... ............. .... .... ..... ................................................................
34. Nobody can answer the question.
The question ............................................... .... ..... ..... ...... ..... ............ ..... .......
35. We won't go to the seaside unless the weather improves.
If............ .... .......... ... ..... ... .. ..... ........ ... ................................................ .............
36. It was such an interesting film chat we saw it twice.
The film ... ... .... .. ... .. .. .... .... ........ ......... ......
37. Helen is a better tennis-player than I am.
I am not. . .. .. .. ... ..... . ................ ..... .... ...
38. People speak English in the United States of America.
English. .. .. . ......................... . . .. ... .. .... ... .. ...
39.Christopher Wren designed that church.
That church. ... ... ................................. .... .. .. .. .. ......
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40. I think I should take an aspirin.
I had . ... .. ... ... .. ....... .. ... .. ...... ..... ..... .............. ... ...
41."I had nothing to do with the robbery, "he claimed.
He denied ........ ................ ............. ....................... ..................... .... ..... ........ .
42.I will be glad to get my new false teeth.
lam looking .... .... ... .. ..... ... .. .. .. .. ... ... ..... .... ..
43.A number of accidents have occurred in our factory recently.
There ............... ........... ........................ ....... ...... ....................... ..... ................
44.It wasn't until I was sixteen that I learned to swim.
I only ..................................... .... .... ... ... ......... ... ... .. ...... ..
45.A very clever surgeon operated on Uncle Percy last month
Uncle Percy .. .... ......... .... ................ .......... ............. ...... .................
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16. Nobody has opened this old book for over a hundred years.
This old book ... ... ..... .... .... ... .... .. ... .... ......
17. He died at die age of ninety.
He was______________________________________
18. "Stop making so much noise, children", Rose said.
Rose told ______________________________________
19. It is five years since Dilek was in Paris.
Dilek has ______________________________________
20. I last ate chocolate like this when we were in Switzerland.
I haven't______________________________________
21. My lather hasn't finished writing the letter yet.
My lather is ______________________________________
22. The telephone rang. At that time I was dancing.
While ______________________________________
23. Can you lake animals into the park?
Arc you ______________________________________
24. I bought a book. It is full of pictures.
The book______________________________________
25. You didn't give me the key, so 1 couldn't get in.
If you ______________________________________
26. May I close the door?
Do you mind ______________________________________
27. How long is it since we last went to the cinema?
When ______________________________________
28. It is such a pity that you couldn't come to our party.
I wish ______________________________________
29. It may rain, so take your umbrella!
Take your umbrella in______________________________________
30. What a pity that I cannot live in a house like that.
I wish ______________________________________
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31. Miranda likes geography more than history.
Miranda doesn't like ______________________________________
32. There is a chance of rain this afternoon.
It ______________________________________
33. Please don't make such long telephone calls.
I would rather ______________________________________
EXERCISE 304 : TRANSFORMATION (3)
Complete or combine each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the
same as the sentence printed before it.
Example : I applied for the job because my father encouraged me.
If my father had not encouraged me, I wouldn't have applied for the job.
1.It is not necessary for me to go to the wedding because I am not a relation.
I need not ______________________________________
2. I expect you are pleased about your daughter's new job.
"You must ______________________________________
3. Even though he had a pleasant manner, he isn't a good doctor.
In spite ______________________________________
4. Tourists keep corning despite the terrible weather.
Although______________________________________
5. I am on the point of" losing my temper.
I am about______________________________________
6. Many teachers prefer going on a holiday in the summer to working for extra money.
Many teachers would rather ______________________________________
7. I really must go to the dentist.
It is time I ______________________________________
8. It is too cold to go outside without a coat.
It isn't ______________________________________
9. " If I were you, I would look for a new job, "said Bill.
Bill advised ______________________________________
10. Kate wished she had not spent so much time in London.
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Kale regretted ______________________________________
11. As well as speaking Chinese, Janet also speaks Arabic.
Not only______________________________________
12. We will have lunch on arrival at the village.
As soon as ______________________________________
13. The launch of the satellite will not take place if the weather is bad.
Unless______________________________________
14. When you arrive at the airport, please collect your hand-luggage.
On ______________________________________
15. Don't worry! I always work hard.
Don't worry! I am used to ______________________________________
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Arabic.
12. She is ...... .......... ..... ... ... to work in these circumstances.
undesirable unaccustomed
misbehaviour unfit
unashamed underdeveloped
unaffected misunderstood
uncertainty unaware
unacquainted irreparable
1. I won't tolerate this kind of..... ... ... ... ........ in my school.
2. My comments were clearly.... ....... ....................... by my friends.
3. I am ........ .... .. ........ to speaking in public.
4. Most people working here have been .... ..... ..... ... ........... by the changes in
company policy.
5. She stood before the accusers, proud and ... ..... ...........................
6. She was .............................................. that her son was having problems at school.
7. She had no idea where her son and the .................. .... .... was upsetting her badly.
8. The European parliament gives grants to help .... ... .... ................ countries in
Africa.
9. Some of these drugs have .... ... ... ................ side effects
10. She is ........... ..... ... .... .... for a responsible job.
11. The American soldiers did ................... ... .. ... damage to the mosques in Iraq.
12. We are..... ... ..... ..... ............... with the works of Shakespeare,
1. His friendly attitude.. ... ... .... .. ... ... me into thinking that I could trust him.
2. She was ................................ ... for a while after the accident.
3. They .... ............................... the difficulty of the task.
4. There are many ... . ....................... countries in the world.
5. She became . .. .. . .. ... ... .. after she was turned down for the job.
6. The Sun .... .. ............................. behind the clouds.
7. We .. ... .... ......... . the time it would take to get to the station.
8. Now that she has got a job, Lara is ................................. ..of her parents.
9. If you behave with this sort of .... to your other customers, I don't think you will
remain in business long.
10. It is dangerous for an......................... driver to drive a car in the centre of Paris during
the rush-hour.
11. His ....... .... ... .. ... death saddened everybody in the own.
12. Helen failed because she was ... . ... ... .... . ... prepared for her test.
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EXERCISE 314 : WORD - FORMATION (9) (PREFIXES)
Complete the following sentences by adding the proper "Suffixes" to the words in
brackets.
Example : The office records are neat and .. .. ......... ..... . (order)
The office records are neat and orderly.
1. One of the students in the group has applied for Turkish .............. ... .... ...... (citizen)
2. Thanks to ......... .... ... ................ the wars of terrorism know no borders, (gtobe)
3. These shoes are uncomfortable because the soles have no ...... .... .... ...........
(flexible)
4. The Presidents ... ............... ... .. from office was marked by a special ceremony
(depart)
5. She spoke... .. ............... ... about her experiences as a war correspondent, (emotion)
6. Her face remained quite ......... .. .... so it was impossible to tell what she thought of my
news.(emotion)
7. They gave a big............ .. ......... .... to the foundation for the blind, (donate)
8. She had a reputation for his ... ......................... .. ....(generous)
9. There is doubt about the ........................ .. ... of the company's action in dismissing
him. (legal)
10. A lot of people prefer.............. ....... ... .... coffee. (milk)
11. It was .. ...... ........... .. ... of you to break that coffee cup. (care)
12. Thank you for your postcard, it was very ... ... ................... of you to send it.
(thought)
13. There was a .................... .... ... .... of technical skill, (short)
14. What is the most ..... ... .......... .. .... restaurant in Istanbul? (fashion)
15. Arthur is a very......... .............. man; sometimes he talks for twenty minutes
without stopping, (talk)
16. It was rather .. ... ..... ............... ...... of him to cry when he did badly in the test,
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(child)
17. He was presented with a gold watch on his ....................... .... ...(retire)
18. The surgeon performed surgery because the woman needed a heart. ......... .. .. ...
. (transplant)
19. She has taken part in several ......... .............. .... .... . of Roman settlements across
Europe, (excavate)
20. The cardigan is certainly . ... ... ... ... .. as long as you return it in good
condition, (exchange)
21. Her ..... .... ......................... from the list of Oscar nominees put her in a foul mood,
(exclude)
22. The prisoner had been kept in .... ................. .... ... for three days, (isolate)
23. In the past,. ... .... .. ............. depended largely on the position of the stars,
(navigate)
24. Mary always leaves home at eight oclock but today is an.......... ..... ...., she is
going later, (expect)
25. They have just moved into a new. ..... ... ................... (neighbour)
PROVERBS/WORDS OF WISDOM
A bird in the hand is worth two in It never rains but it pours.
the bush. A penny saved is a penny earned.
Birds of a feather flock together. Honey catches more flies than
Charity begins at home. vinegar
Every cloud has a silver lining. No news is good news,
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Honesty is the best policy. Many hands make light work.
Variety is the spice of life. He who laughs last laughs best.
Better late than never. As the twig is bent, so grows the
Practice makes perfect. tree.
Once bitten, twice shy. Good fences make good
Out of the frying pan, into the neighbours.
fire. Never Look a gift horse in the
Spare the rod and spoil the child. mouth.
Two wrongs don't make a right. Never put off till tomorrow what
Don't put all your eggs in one When poverty comes in the door,
He who pays the piper calls the Easier said than done.
milk. invention.
*Money is the root of all evil. you can't make him drink.
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PROVERBS/WORDS OF WISDOM
You can't teach an old dog new A rolling stone gathers no moss.
tricks. Out of sight, out of mind.
Where there is a will, there is a Still waters run deep.
way. Absence makes the heart grow
Actions speak louder than words. fonder.
A stitch in time saves nine. The proof of the pudding is in the
When the cat is away, the mice will eating.
play. A fool and his money are soon
Give a dog a bad name and hang parted.
him. One swallow doesn't make a
The early bird catches the worm. summer.
An apple a day keeps the doctor Nothing ventured, nothing gained.
away. First come, first served.
Don't count your chickens before Two heads are better than one.
they are hatched. People who live in glass houses
Don't put off for tomorrow what shouldn't throw stones.
you can do today. When in Rome, do as the Romans
A friend in need is a friend indeed. do.
Blood is thicker than water. Easy come, easy go.
Don't make a mountain out of a Make hay while the sun shines.
molehill. Strike while the iron is hot.
Too many cooks spoil the broth. To err is human, forgive divine.
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All that glitters is not gold. All one's geese are swans.
A drowning man will catch at a Neither a borrower nor a lender be.
straw. Jack of all trades, and master of
Money is a good servant but a bad none.
master. Beauty is in the eye of the
Penny wise, pound foolish. beholder.
PROVERBS/WORDS OF WISDOM
Every cock crows on his own dunghill.
Coming events cast their shadows before.
The pen is mightier than a sword.
Silence is golden, speech is silver.
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
A trouble shared is a trouble halved.
East or west home is best.
Think twice before you say something.
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The roots of education arc bitter but the fruit is .sweet.
Imagination is more important than knowledge.
One. who doesn't ask a question remains a fool forever.
Laugh, everybody will laugh with you - weep, nobody will weep with you.
A little can do a lot.
Words are loaded pistols.
Bad news travels just.
After a storm comes a calm.
A bad workman always blames his tools.
There is an exception to every rule.
Do not fear when your enemies criticise you. Beware when they applaud.
What you really value is what you miss, not what you have.
When a man is tired of Istanbul, he is tired of life.
Laughter is the best medicine.
Beauty is only thin deep.
You can fool some of the people all of the time, all of the people some of the time,
but you cannot fool all of the people all of the time.
Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
Pride conies before a fall.
Prevention is better than cure.
One good turn deserves another
Nothing succeeds like success.
Better lose the saddle than the horse.
Talk of the devil and you will see his hoofs.
Cleanliness is next to godliness.
IRREGULAR VERBS
Infinitive Past Past Participle
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abide abode, abided abode, abided
arise arose arisen
awake awoke awaked, awoken
be (am) was been
be (are) were been
be (is) was been
bear bore borne, born
beat beat beaten
become became become
befall befell befallen
begin began begun
behold beheld beheld
bend bent bent, bended
beseech besought besought
bet bet, betted bet, betted
betake betook betaken
bid bade, bid bidden, bid
bind bound bound
bite bit bitten
bleed Wed bled
blend blended, blent blended, blent
bless blessed, blest blessed, blest
blow blew blown
break broke broken
breed bred bred
bring brought brought
broadcast broadcast, broadcasted broadcast, broadcasted
build built built
burn burnt, burned burnt, burned
burst burst burst
buy bought bought
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cast cast cast
catch caught caught
chide chided, chid chided, chid
choose chose chosen
cling clung clung
come came come
cost cost cost
creep crept crept
cut cut cut
dare dared dared
deal dealt dealt
dig dug dug
do did done
draw drew drawn
dream dreamed, dreamt dreamed, dreamt
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
dwell dwelt dwelt
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
flee fled fled
fling flung flung
fly flew flown
forbid forbade, forbad forbidden
Forecast forecast, forecasted forecast, forecasted
foresee foresaw foreseen
foretell foretold foretold
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forget forgot forgotten
forgive forgave forgiven
forsake forsook forsaken
freeze froze frozen
get got got, gotten
gild gilded, gilt gilded
give gave given
go went gone
grind ground ground
grow grew grown
hang hung hung
hang hanged hanged
have had had
hear heard heard
hide hid hidden
hit hit hit
hold held held
hurt hurl hurt
keep kept kept
kneel kneeled, knelt kneeled, knelt
knit knitted, knit knitted, knit
know knew known
lay laid laid
lead led led
lean leant, leaned leant, leaned
leap leapt, leaped leapt, leaped
learn learnt, learned learnt, learned
leave left left
lend lent lent
lie lay lain
lie lied lied
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light lit, lighted lit, lighted
lose lost lost
make made made
mean meant meant
meet met met
melt melted melted, molten
misspell misspelt misspelt
mistake mistook mistaken
misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood
mow mowed mown, mowed
outrun outran outrun
overcast overcast overcast
overcome overcame overcome
overhear overheard overheard
oversleep overslept overslept
overtake overtook overtaken
overthrow overthrew overthrown
pay paid paid
prove proved proved, proven
put put put
quit. quitted, quit quitted, quit
read read read
relay relaid relaid
rend rent, rended rent, rended
ride rode ridden
ring rang rung
run ran run
saw sawed sawn, sawed
say said said
see saw seen
seek sought sought
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sell sold sold
send sent sent
set set set
sew sewed sewn, sewed
shake shook shaken
shave shaved shaved, shaven
shine shone shone
shine shined shined
shoot shot shot
show showed shown, showed
shrink shrank, shrunk shrunk, shrunken
shut shut shut
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
sil sat sat
stay slew slain
sleep slept slept
slide slid slid
smell smell, smelled smelt, smelled
sow sowed sown, sowed
speak spoke spoken
speed sped, speeded spelt, speeded
spell spell, spelled spelt, spelled
spend spent spent
spill spilt, spilled spilt, spilled
spin spun, span spun
spit spat, spit spat, spit
split split split
spoil spoilt, spoiled spoilt, spoiled
spread spread spread
spring sprang sprung
532
stand stood stood
steal stole stolen
slick stuck stuck
-sung slung stung
strike struck struck
swear swore sworn
sweat sweat, sweated sweat, sweated
sweep swept swept
swell swelled swollen, swelled
swim swam swum
swing swung swung
take took taken
leach taught taught
tear tore torn
tell told told
think thought thought
throw threw thrown
undergo underwent undergone
understand understood understood
undertake undertook undertaken
upset upset upset
wake woke, waked woken, waked
wear wore worn
weave wove, weaved woven, weaved
weep wept wept
win won won
wind wound wound
withdraw withdrew withdrew
work worked, wrought worked, wrought
write wrote written
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