MUS012: Fundamentals of Music

Unit I

Music Theory: Fundamental Pitch Concepts I

I. Notes in Treble Clef

1. Name the following notes in treble clef.

w w w
& 44 w w w w w w w w w

2. Notate the following notes in treble clef.

&
A D F G B D C E A B D

3. Name the following notes with ledger lines in treble clef.

w w w w w
& w w
w w w
 II. Notes in Bass Clef

1. Name the following notes in bass clef.

?w w w w w w w
w w w w w

2. Notate the following notes in bass clef.

?
B G F C E G A D B C A F E

3. Name the following notes with ledger lines in bass clef.

w w w w w
?
w w w w w
 Rhythm Exercises

1. Use the following process for learning the following 4 beat rhythm patterns:
a. Write in the rhythm syllables below each note; the first two examples are completed for you.
b. Say the the rhythm syllables for each pattern to a steady beat.
c. Clap and say the rhythm syllables for each pattern to a steady beat.
d. Clap the rhythm for each pattern to a steady beat while thinking the rhythm syllables.

Ta Ta Ta Ta Ta Ta Ti Ti Ta

 MUS012: Fundamentals of Music
Unit II
Music Theory: Fundamental Pitch Concepts II

1. Name the notes on the following piano.

2. Without referencing the piano diagram on the previous page, mark with an X all of the keys
with the given note names.

a. D

b. F #

c. A b

d. C

e. E b
 Notes Names/Numbers

C1 C2 C3 C4 (middle C) C5 C6 C7 C8

3. On the following piano diagram, place an X on the following notes:

a. D4 b. A6 c. G2 d. B b7 e. F # 3 f. E b5 g. G # 4 h. B1
 Rhythm Exercises
Meter and Counting Rhythm

1. Use the following process for learning each of the following rhythm examples:
a. Write in the rhythm counts below each note; the first measure of each meter is completed for you.
b. Say the the rhythm counts for each pattern to a steady beat.
c. Clap and say the rhythm counts for each pattern to a steady beat.
d. Clap the rhythm for each pattern to a steady beat while thinking the rhythm counts.

4/4 Time

44
1 2 3 & 4

44

3/4 Time

3
4
1 2 & 3

43

2/4 Time

42
1 & 2
 MUS012: Fundamentals of Music
Unit III
Music Theory: Fundamental Pitch Concepts III

Note Numbers and the Grand Staff

w
C6

& w
C5

w
?
C4 (middle C)

w
w C3
C2

C2 C3 C4 (middle C) C5 C6

1. Name the following notes using note names and numbers.

w bw
w w bw
& #w

?w #w
w bw
 Rhythm Exercises
Quarter-Note Rests

1. Use the following process for learning each of the following rhythm examples:
a. Write in the rhythm counts below each note; the first measure of each meter is completed for you.
b. Say the the rhythm counts for each pattern to a steady beat.
c. Clap and say the rhythm counts for each pattern to a steady beat.
d. Clap the rhythm for each pattern to a steady beat while thinking the rhythm counts.

4/4 Time

44
1 2 3 4

44

3/4 Time

43
1 2 3

43

2/4 Time

42
1 2
 MUS012: Fundamentals of Music
Unit IV
Music Theory: Half-Steps and Whole-Steps

1. Half-Steps and the piano: Mark with an X each of the following notes on the piano and mark each note
a half-step above. Feel free to use any of the possible notes on the piano diagrams below.

a. E b. G c. D d. B

e. D # f. B b g. F # h. A b

2. Notate the notes from exercise 1 and the notes a half-step above each note. You may notate the notes
anywhere that they can be found on the staff. Notice that both bass and treble clefs are used. The first
example is done for you.

a. E b. G c. D d. B e. D # f. B b g. F # h. A b

&w ? & ? & ? & ?

w
3. Whole-Steps and the piano: Mark with an X each of the following notes on the piano and mark each note
a whole-step above. Feel free to use any of the possible notes on the piano diagrams below.
a. C b. A c. B d. E

e. C # f. B b g. G # h. E b

4. Notate the notes from exercise 3 and the notes a whole-step above each note. You may notate the notes
anywhere that they can be found on the staff. Notice that both bass and treble clefs are used. The first
example is done for you.

a. C b. A c. B d. E e. C # f. B b g. G # h. E b

&w w ? & ? & ? & ?

 Name________________________

MUS012: Fundamentals of Music

Homework No. 5
Whole-Steps and Half-Steps

1. Notate the note a half-step above each given note.

w
& 44 w w
#w
w bw ? w w
#w
bw

2. Notate the note a whole-step above each given note.

#w ? w #w
&w w #w bw w
bw w
 MUS012: Fundamentals of Music
Unit V
Music Theory: Chromatic and Major Scales

I. Chromatic Scale

1. Beginning on each of the given notes, mark with an X each of the notes of the chromatic scale.

a. C

b. F #

c. B b
2. Notate ascending and descending chormatic scales beginning on each of the following notes.

a. C Ascending

&

Descending

&

b. F #
Ascending

&
Descending

&

c. B b
Ascending

&

Descending

&
 II. Major Scales

1. Notate diatonic scales beginning on each of the following notes.

a. D

&

b. F

&

c. A

&

d. C

&
2. Mark with an X the notes that make up each of the following major scales.

a. C Major

b. E Major

c. B b Major
3. Notate each of the following major scales by using the following steps:
I. Notate the diatonic scale from the given note
II. Alter the diatonic scale with sharps or flats to follow the major scale pattern (WWHWWWH)

a. C Major

&
b. G Major

&
c. D Major

&
d. A major

&
e. E Major

&

f. B Major

&
g. F # Major

&
h. C # Major

&
 i. F Major

&

j. B b Major

&

k. E b Major

&

l. A b Major

&

m. D b Major

&

n. G b Major

&

o. C b Major

&
 Rhythm Exercises
Eighth-Note Rests

1. Use the following process for learning each of the following rhythm examples:
a. Write in the rhythm counts below each note; the first measure of each meter is completed for you.
b. Say the the rhythm counts for each pattern to a steady beat.
c. Clap and say the rhythm counts for each pattern to a steady beat.
d. Clap the rhythm for each pattern to a steady beat while thinking the rhythm counts.

4/4 Time

44 j j
j

1 2 & 3 4

44 j j j j j j

3/4 Time

j j j
43
1 2 & 3

43 j j j

2/4 Time

j j j j j j
42
1 2 &
 Name__________________________
MUS012: Fundamentals of Music
Homework 6
Chromatic and Major Scales

1. Notate the C Chromatic Scale. Feel free to use the piano diagram above for reference.
Ascending

&

Descending

&

2. Notate the following major scales. Feel free to use the piano diagram above for reference.

D Major

&

F # Major

&

E b Major

&

G b Major

&
 MUS012: Fundamentals of Music
Unit VI
Music Theory: Key Signature

1. Circle each of the notes affected by the given key signatures.

b
& b 44

? # # # 43

#### 3
& # 4

? bb b 44
bb
 Circle of Fifths

C Major

________ ________

________
________

________
________

________
________

________
________ ________
________
________

What is the order of sharps?

What is the order of flats?

2. Name each of the following key signatures.

## #### bbb bb
&
a. Key_______ b. Key_______ c. Key_______ d. Key_______

? ### #### # bbbb b

#
e. Key_______ f. Key_______ g. Key_______ h. Key_______

#### # bbbbbb bbbb

& #

i. Key_______ j. Key_______ k. Key_______ l. Key_______

? #### ## ## bbbbbbb bbbbb

#

m. Key_______ n. Key_______ o. Key_______ p. Key_______

 __________________________________
(Title)

Composer_______________________

4
4

..
5

..

..
13

Ostinato

.. ..

Directions

Compose a thirty-two measure rhythm composition in binary form. Compose an ostinanto pattern to
accompany your composition. Use any combination of the following rhythms: quarter-note,
eighth-note pair, quarter-note rest, and an eighth-note rest paired with an eighth-note. Write
in the counts under each measure, and be sure that each measure adds up to four beats. Use a balance
between unity and variety.
 MUS012: Fundamentals of Music
Unit VII
Music Theory: Minor Scales I

I. Natural Minor

1. Notate each of the following natural minor scales by using the following steps:
I. Notate the diatonic scale from the given note
II. Alter the diatonic scale with sharps or flats to follow the natural minor scale pattern (WHWWHWW)

a. A Natural Minor

&
b. E Natural Minor

&
c. B Natural Minor

&
d. F # Natural Minor

&
e. C # Natural Minor

&
f. G # Natural Minor

&
g. D # Natural Minor

&
h. A # Natural Minor

&
i. D Natural Minor

&

j. G Natural Minor

&

k. C Natural Minor

&

l. F Natural Minor

&

m. B b Natural Minor

&

n. E b Natural Minor

&

o. A b Natural Minor

&
 Minor Key Signatures

1. Name the minor key that corresponds to each of the following key sgnatures.

## ####
& bbb bb

Minor Key_______ Minor Key_______ Minor Key_______ Minor Key_______

? ### #### # bbbb b

#
Minor Key_______ Minor Key_______ Minor Key_______ Minor Key_______

#### # bbbbbb bbbb

& #

Minor Key_______ Minor Key_______ Minor Key_______ Minor Key_______

? #### ## ## bbbbbbb bbbbb

#
Minor Key_______ Minor Key_______ Minor Key_______ Minor Key_______
 Rhythm Exercises
Whole, Half, and Dotted-Half-Notes

1. Use the following process for learning each of the following rhythm examples:
a. Write in the rhythm counts below each note; the first measure of each meter is completed for you.
b. Say the the rhythm counts for each pattern to a steady beat.
c. Clap and say the rhythm counts for each pattern to a steady beat.
d. Clap the rhythm for each pattern to a steady beat while thinking the rhythm counts.

4/4 Time

44 w !
1 2 3 4

44 w .

3/4 Time

43 .
1 2 3

43 . .

2/4 Time

j j
42
1 2
 MUS012: Fundamentals of Music
Unit VIII
Music Theory: Minor Scales II

I. Harmonic Minor

1. Notate each of the following harmonic minor scales by using the following steps:
I. Notate the diatonic scale from the given note.
II. Alter the diatonic scale with sharps or flats to follow the natural minor scale pattern (WHWWHWW).
III. Raise the 7th note of the natural minor scale by a 1/2 step to create the harmonic minor scale.

a. A Harmonic Minor

&
b. E Harmonic Minor

&
c. B Harmonic Minor

&

d. F # Harmonic Minor

&
e. C # Harmonic Minor

&
f. G # Harmonic Minor

&
g. D # Harmonic Minor

&
h. A # Harmonic Minor

&
i. D Harmonic Minor

&

j. G Harmonic Minor

&

k. C Harmonic Minor

&

l. F Harmonic Minor

&

m. B b Harmonic Minor

&

n. E b Harmonic Minor

&

o. A b Harmonic Minor

&
 II. Melodic Minor

1. Notate each of the following melodic minor scales by using the following steps:
I. Notate the diatonic scale from the given note.
II. Alter the diatonic scale with sharps or flats to follow the natural minor scale pattern (WHWWHWW).
III. Ascending: Raise the 6th and 7th notes of the natural minor scale by a 1/2 step to create the
ascending melodic minor scale.
IV. Descending: Return the raised 6th and 7th notes to their previous notes to form the descending
melodic minor scale. This will match the notes of natural minor.

a. A Melodic Minor

&
b. E Melodic Minor

&

c. B Melodic Minor

&
d. F # Melodic Minor

&

e. C # Melodic Minor

&
f. G # Melodic Minor

&
g. D # Melodic Minor

&
h. A # Melodic Minor

&
i. D Melodic Minor

&

j. G Melodic Minor

&

k. C Melodic Minor

&

l. F Melodic Minor

&

m. B b Melodic Minor

&

n. E b Melodic Minor

&

o. A b Melodic Minor

&
 Rhythm Exercises
Ties

1. Use the following process for learning each of the following rhythm examples:
a. Write in the rhythm counts below each note; the first measure of each meter is completed for you.
b. Say the the rhythm counts for each pattern to a steady beat.
c. Clap and say the rhythm counts for each pattern to a steady beat.
d. Clap the rhythm for each pattern to a steady beat while thinking the rhythm counts.

4/4 Time

44 j

1 2 & 3 4

44 w

3/4 Time

43 .
1 2 3

43

2/4 Time

42
1 2
 Name______________________________

MUS012 Fundamentals of Music

Homework 8: Minor Scales

1. Notate the following minor scales that use sharps.

B Natural Minor

&

B Harmonic Minor

&

B Melodic Minor

&

D # Natural Minor

&

D # Harmonic Minor

&

D # Melodic Minor

&
2. Notate the following minor scales that use flats.

G Natural Minor

&

G Harmonic Minor

&

G Melodic Minor

&

F Natural Minor

&

F Harmonic Minor

&

F Melodic Minor

&
 MUS012: Fundamentals of Music
Unit IX
Music Theory: Intervals

I. Basic Intervals

1. Name the following basic intervals.

ww ww w w w
& ww ww w w ww
w

w ww w ww
? ww w ww w w
ww w

2. Notate the second note of each of the following basic intervals.

&w w w w w
w w w
4th 6th 3rd 2nd 7th 5th 3rd Octave

? w w w w
w w w w
6th Octave 5th 2nd 3rd Octave 7th 4th
 II. Interval Quality

Basic Interval [with] 1/2 Steps [=] Interval Basic Interval [with] 1/2 Steps [=] Interval
1st 0 P1 2nd 1 m2
2nd 2 M2 3rd 3 m3
3rd 4 M3 4th 6 A4
4th 5 P4 5th 6 D5
5th 7 P5 5th 8 A5
6th 9 M6 6th 8 m6
7th 11 M7 7th 10 m7
Octave 12 P8

1. Name each of the following intervals by using the following steps:

a. Name the basic interval.
b. Count the number of 1/2 steps in the interval.
c. Use the above charts to name the interval.

& ww ww # ww b ww
ww b ww ww
ww

b b ww # ww # # ww
& # ww b ww b ww # # ww b ww

bw w w w
& ww w # ww w w w b ww w
w

bw #w
& w # ww w
bw bw # # ww #w b ww #w
w
#w
 Rhythm Exercises
Dotted-Quarter-Note/Eighth-Note

1. Use the following process for learning each of the following rhythm examples:
a. Write in the rhythm counts below each note; the first measure of each meter is completed for you.
b. Say the the rhythm counts for each pattern to a steady beat.
c. Clap and say the rhythm counts for each pattern to a steady beat.
d. Clap the rhythm for each pattern to a steady beat while thinking the rhythm counts.

4/4 Time

44 . j j j
.
1 2 & 3 4

44 j j j
. . .

3/4 Time
j j j
43 . .
1 2 & 3

j j j
43 . . .

2/4 Time

j j j j
42 . . . .
1 2 &
 MUS012: Fundamentals of Music
Unit X
Music Theory: Triads

1. Notate basic triads using the given note as the root. Identify the root, third, and fifth of each triad.

&w w w w w
w w w

2. Notate each of the following major and minor triads.

&
Cm Bb D Fm G# Em Eb Gm

3. Notate each of the following diminished and augmented triads.

&
B
o G+ D
o C+ B b+ F#
o E
o A b+

4. Name each of the following major, minor, diminished, and augmented triads.

www ww www b b b www

& b b www # www w # www # # www

& b b www # www #w w

b ww w
b b ww # # www
# ww b www # # www
 Rhythm Exercises
Sixteenth Notes

1. Use the following process for learning each of the following rhythm examples:
a. Write in the rhythm counts below each note; the first measure of each meter is completed for you.
b. Say the the rhythm counts for each pattern to a steady beat.
c. Clap and say the rhythm counts for each pattern to a steady beat.
d. Clap the rhythm for each pattern to a steady beat while thinking the rhythm counts.

4/4 Time

44
1 e&a 2 3 e&a4 &

44

3/4 Time

43 .
1 e & a 2 & 3

43

2/4 Time

42
1e&a 2
 __________________________________
(Title)
Composer_______________________

44

B
9

13

A
17

21

Ostinato

.. ..

.. ..
Directions

Compose a twenty-four measure rhythm composition in ternary form. Compose a two-part ostinanto
pattern to accompany your composition. Use any combination of the following rhythms: quarter-note,
eighth-note pair, Half, whole, dotted-half, dotted-quarter/eighth, and sixteenth note rhythms. Write
in the counts under each measure, and be sure that each measure adds up to four beats. Use a balance
between unity and variety.
 MUS012 Fundamentals of Music
Unit XI

I. Composing a Melody from Chord Tones

1. Using the following chord progression and rhythm as a guide, compose a melody in the middle staff that
uses only chord tones. The upper staff is provided for spelling each of the chords.

& 44

& 44
C F G C

44 w

II. Composing a Melody with Neighbor Tones

2. Using the same chord progression and rhythm from exercise 1 as a guide, compose a melody in the middle
staff that uses chord tones and neighbor tones. The upper staff is provided for spelling each of the chords.

&
C F G C

&

w
 III. Composing a Melody with Passing Tones

3. Using the same chord progression and rhythm from exercise 1 as a guide, compose a melody in the middle
staff that uses chord tones and neighbor tones. The upper staff is provided for spelling each of the chords.

&
C F G C

&

w
 MUS012 Fundamentals of Music
Unit XII

I. Chords in Major Keys

1. Use the following steps to identify the chords for each of the following major scales:
a. Notate the major scales with one note per roman numeral (the repeated tonic will not have a roman
numeral).
b. Spell each of the triads.
c. Provide a chord symbol for each of the triads.

C Major

&
I ii iii IV V vi vii o

A Major

&
I ii iii IV V vi viio

B b Major

&
I ii iii IV V vi viio

D Major

&
ii iii IV vi o
I V vii
 II. Harmonic Progression

2. Use the chart above to compose two major key chord progressions using the following steps:
a. Write out a series of 4 to 8 roman numerals that follow the tendencies outlined in the chart;
end your progression on I.
b. Choose two keys from the previous page, and provide the chord symbols that match each
of your roman numerals.

Example

Roman Numerals: I V I IV ii V I

Key 1: A Major: A E A D Bm E A

Key 2: B b Major: B b F Bb Eb Cm F Bb

Progression 1

Roman Numerals:

Key 1:_________:

Key 2:_________:

Progression 2

Roman Numerals:

Key 1:_________:

Key 2:_________:
 III. Composing Phrases

1) Using progression 1 from the previous assignment and the key of your choice, compose a one phrase
melody using the following steps:
a) Fit your progression into four measure with one or two chords per measure or a combination of both.
b) Compose a melody that uses a combination of chord tones and non-chord tones. You can use any of
the rhythms that we have learned this semester, but it is best to keep it simple!

&

2) Using progression 2 from the previous assignment and the same key from exercise 1 above, compose
another one phrase melody using the steps outlined above.

&

3) Compose a third one phrase melody in the same key as the melodies above using the following steps:
a) Compose a chord progression using the chart from the previous assignment.
b) Fit your progression into four measure with one or two chords per measure or a combination of both.
c) Compose a melody that uses a combination of chord tones and non-chord tones. You can use any of
the rhythms that we have learned this semester, but it is best to keep it simple.

&
 IV. Period Form

1) Using the melody from exercise 1 in the previous assignment, compose a parallel period form.

&

&

2) Using the melodies from exercises 2 and 3 from the previous assignment, compose a contrasting period
form.

&

&
 MUS 012: Fundamental of Music
Final Composition Project

Overview: For your final project of the semester, you will compose a short composition that makes
use of many of the concepts discussed this semester. Using the melodies that you composed in the
previous lessons that culminated in the composition of one parallel and one contrasting period, you
will next choose a formal layout from one of the two following pages to insert your period forms into
to complete your composition. Once completed, use the following as a checklist to make sure that you
have all of the required components for the project.

1. Melody
a. Use notes from the major key of your choice.
b. Use notes from the corresponding chords and neighbor and passing non-chord tones.

2. Harmony
a. Use only I, ii, IV, and V chords.

3. Meter
a. Use the 4/4 time signature.

4. Form
a. Choose one of the following forms:
i. Binary form: AABB
ii. Ternary form: ABA
b. Use parallel period for one section and contrasting for the other.

5. Lead sheet format: Include melody with chord symbols written above the melody.

6. Analysis
a. Indicate the key below the staff at the beginning of the composition.
b. Provide Roman numerals below the staff for each chord.
c. Circle and label all non-chord tones.

7. Provide a title.
 Binary Form Composition

__________________________________
(title)

Composer__________________________

&

& ..

& ..

& ..
 Ternary Form Composition

__________________________________
(title)

Composer__________________________

&

&
B

&

&
A

&

&
 MUS012 Fundamentals of Music
Solfege and Sight Singing

I. Mi, Sol, and La

l (la)
s (sol)

m (mi)

&w w w
m s l

1.

& 44

2.

4
&4

3.

& 44
 MUS012 Fundamentals of Music
Solfege and Sight Singing

II. Major Pentatonic: Do, Re, Mi, Sol, La

l (la)
s (sol)

m (mi)
r (re)
d (do)

& w w w w w
d r m s l

1.

& 44

2.

& 44

3.

& 44
 MUS012 Fundamentals of Music
Solfege and Sight Singing

III. C Major Scale: Do, Re, Mi, Fa, Sol, La, Ti, Do

d (do)
t (ti)
l (la)
s (sol)
f (fa)
m (mi)
r (re)
d (do)

& w w w w w w
w w
d r m f s l t d

1.

& 44

2.

& 44

3.

& 44



 MUS012 Fundamentals of Music
Solfege and Sight Singing

IV. Major Scales other than C

D Major
## w w w
& w w w w w
w
d f m f s l t d

1.
## 4 j
& 4 .

## j
& .

2.
## 4
& 4
 F Major

w w w w
&b w w w w
w w w
d r m f s l t d

1.

& b 43 . . .

&b . . .

2.
j
& b 44 . .

&b

j
& b . .
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