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When motors first came out, people thought wed just have one for the house. The household
motor. Various attachments for vacuuming, meat grinding, ceiling fan were available, and some
houses had intricate mazes of belts and gears routed through the house to supply this rotational
power.
DC Motors
A dizzying array of parameters specify a motor
battery
M DC motor
LED
M
DC motor
These high-efficiency motors I gave you dont generate much current (because they dont use much
current). I have a cheapy motor that lights LEDs better that I can show you.
Transistors
Act like switches
electricity flicks the switch instead of your finger
TIP
120 collector collector
base
base
emitter emitter
TIP120
base
collector emitter schematic symbol how it kind of works
The differences between the pins are very important. The names arent that important, but their
functions are. The base is the input that you use to open and close the switch across the
collector and emitter. On this type of transistor (called an NPN), you need to make sure the
collector is always more positive than the emitter. Generally you do this by connecting the emitter
to ground.
Switching Motors with
Transistors
little motor big motor
DC motor +
DC motor
M M
+
resistor resistor big power
transistor transistor source
+ switch + switch +
battery
resistor
line switch
transistor
+
battery
schematic symbol
e c b
+5V
+5V
DC motor
1N4001
Arduino M
board
b c
pin 9 TIP120
500 e
(green-brown-brown)
gnd white diode line into +5V
motor across diode
Sketch
SerialMotorSpeed
+9V
+5V battery
9V
+5V
battery
DC motor
1N4001
Arduino M
board
pin 9 TIP120
500
(green-brown-brown)
gnd
motor w/ tape
propellor
desk ding from
motor getting loose
+5V
1N4004 5V relay
Arduino
board
1k
pin 7 toload
to load: light bulb, car ignition, washing machine, etc.
TIP120
gnd
Relay switcher
Just on/off, and a relay needs a diode too