CIRCLE 3

CHAPTER

Definitions Given : A circle with centre O and a tangent AB at

Secant :
A line which intersects a circle in two distinct points
is called a secant.
Tangent :
A line meeting a circle only in one point is called a
tangent to the circle at that point.
The point at which the tangent line meets the circle
is called the point of contact.
Number of Tangents to a Circle
(i) There is no tangent passing through a point lying
inside the circle.
(ii) There is one and only one tangent passing through
a point lying on a circle.
(iii) There are exactly two tangents through a point lying
outside a circle.
Length of Tangent
The length of the line segment of the tangent between
a given point and the given point of contact with the
circle is called the length of the tangent from the
point to the circle.
a point P of the circle.
To prove : OP A AB.
Construction : Take a point Q, other than P, on AB.
Join OQ.
Proof : Q is a point on the tangent AB, other than
the point of contact P.
? Q lies outside the circle.
Let OQ intersect the circle at R.
Then, OR < OQ [a part is less than the whole] .... (i)
But, OP = OR [radii of the same circle]. .... (ii)
? OP < OQ [from (i) and (ii)].
Thus, OP is shorter than, any other line segment
joining O to any point of AB, other than P.
In other words, OP is the shortest distance between
the point O and the line AB.
But, the shortest distance between a point and a line
is the perpendicular distance.
? OP A AB.
Theorem 2 : (Converse of Theorem 1)
A line drawn through the end of a radius and
perpendicular to it is a tangent to the circle.
Given : A circle with centre O in which OP is a radius
and AB is a line through P such that OP A AB.

Results on Tangents
Theorem 1 :
To prove : AB is a tangent to the circle at the point P.
The tangent at any point of a circle is perpendicular
Construction : Take a point Q, different from P, on
to the radius through the point of contact. AB. Join OQ.

82 Mathematics-Circle
 Proof : We know that the perpendicular distance
from a point to a line is the shortest distance between
them.
? OP A AB OP is the shortest distance from O to AB.
? OP < OQ.
? Q lies outside the circle
[ OP is the radius and OP < OQ].
Thus, every point on AB, other than P, lies outside
the circle.
? AB meets the circle at the point P only.
Hence, AB is the tangent to the circle at the point P.
Theorem 3 :
The lengths of tangents drawn from an external point
to a circle are equal.
Given : Two tangents AP and AQ are drawn from a
point A to a circle with centre O.
To prove : AOP = AOQ and OAP = OAQ.
Proof : In 'AOP and 'AOQ, we have
AP = AQ [tangents from an external point are equal]
OP = OQ [radii of the same circle]
OA = OA [common]
? 'AOP ~ 'AOQ [by SSScongruence].
Hence, AOP = AOQ and OAP = OAQ.
EXAMPLES
Ex.1 From a point P, 10 cm away from the centre of a
circle, a tangent PT of length 8 cm is drawn. Find
the radius of the circle.
Sol. Let O be the centre of the given circle and let P
be a point such that

To prove : AP = AQ
OP = 10 cm.
Construction : Join OP, OQ and OA.
Let PT be the tangent such that PT = 8 cm.
Proof : AP is a tangent at P and OP is the radius
Join OT.
through P.
Now, PT is a tangent at T and OT is the radius
? OP A AP.
through T.
Similarly, OQ A AQ. ? OT A PT.
In the right triangle OPA and OQA, we have In the right 'OTP, we have
OP = OQ [radii of the same circle] OP 2 = OT 2 + PT2[by Pythagoras theorem]
OA = OA [common]
OT = OP 2  PT 2 = (10) 2  (8) 2 cm
? 'OPA ~ 'OQA [by RHScongruence]
Hence, AP = AQ. = 36 cm = 6 cm.
Hence, the radius of the circle is 6 cm.
Theorem 4 :
Ex.2 In the given figure, PQ is a chord of length 8cm
If two tangents are drawn from an external point then of a circle of radius 5cm. The tangents at P and
(i) They subtend equal angles at the centre, and Q intersect at a point T. Find the length TP.

(ii) They are equally inclined to the line segment joining

the centre to that point.
Given : A circle with centre O and a point A outside
it. Also, AP and AQ are the two tangents to the
circle.

Mathematics-Circle 83
Sol. Join OP and OT Let OT intersect PQ at a point R. TQP + TPQ = (180 x) .... (i)
Then, TP = TQ and PTR = QTR. We know that the lengths of tangent drawn from
? TR A PQ and TR bisects PQ. an external point to a circle are equal.
? PR = RQ = 4 cm. So, TP = TQ.
Now, TP = TQ
Also,OR = OP 2  PR 2 = 5 2  4 2 cm
1 x
= 25  16 cm = 9 cm = 3cm. TQP = TPQ = (180 x) = 90  .
2 2
Let TP = x cm and TR = y cm.
From right 'TRP, we get x x
?OPQ=(OPTTPQ) = 90 90  =
2 2
TP2 = TR2 + PR2
x2 = y2 + 16 x2 y2 = 16 .... (i) 1
OPQ = PTQ PTQ = 2OPQ.
From right 'OPT, we get 2
TP2 + OP 2 = OT2 Ex.4 Prove that in two concentric circles, the chord of
the larger circle which touches the smaller circle,
x2 + 52 = (y + 3)2 [ OT 2 = (OR + RT)2]
is bisected at the point of contact.
x2 y2 = 6y 16 .... (ii)
Sol. Given : Two circles with the same centre O and
From (i) and (ii), we get AB is a chord of the larger circle which touches
16 the smaller circle at P.
6y 16 = 16 6y = 32 y = .
3
16
Putting y = in (i), we get
3 2
16 256 400
2
x = 16 + = 16 =
3 9 9
400 20
x= = .
9 3
20 To prove : AP = BP.
Hence, length TP = x cm = cm = 6.67 cm. Construction : Join OP.
3
Proof : AB is a tangent to the smaller circle at
Ex.3 Two tangents TP and TQ are drawn to a circle
the point P and OP is the radius through P.
with centre O from an external point T. Prove that
? OP A AB.
PTQ = 2OPQ.
But, the perpendicular drawn from the centre of
Sol. Given : A circle with centre O and an external
a circle to a chord bisects the chord.
point T from which tangents TP and TQ are
? OP bisects AB.
drawn to touch the circle at P and Q.
Hence, AP = BP.
Ex.5 Prove that the tangents drawn at the ends of a
diameter of a circle are parallel.
Sol. Given : CD and EF are the tangents at the end
points A and B of the diameter AB of a circle
with centre O.
To prove : CD || EF.

To prove : PTQ = 2OPQ.

Proof : Let PTQ = x. Then,
TQP + TPQ + PTQ = 180
[ sum of the s of a triangle is 180]

84 Mathematics-Circle
 Proof CD is the tangent to the circle at the
point A.
? BAD = 90
EF is the tangent to the circle at the point B.
? ABE = 90
Thus, BAD = ABE (each equal to 90).
But these are alternate interior angles. ? PA A OA  OAP = 90, and
? CD || EF PB A OB  OBP = 90.
Ex.6 Prove that the line segment joining the point of ? OAP + OBP = 90.
contact of two parallel tangents to a circle is a
diameter of the circle. Hence, APB + AOB = 180
Sol. Given : CD and EF are two parallel tangents at [  sum of the all the s of a quadrilateral is 360]
the points A and B of a circle with centre O.
Ex.8 In the given figure, the incircle of 'ABC touches
the sides BC, CA and AB at D, E, F respectively.

To prove : AOB is a diameter of the circle.

Construction : Join OA and OB.
Draw OG || CD
Prove that AF + BD + CE = AE + CD + BF
Proof : OG || CD and AO cuts them.
1
? CAO + GOA = 180 = (perimeter of 'ABC)
2
q GOA = 180 > 2$ A CD@ Sol. We know that the lengths of tangents from an
GOA = 90 exterior point to a circle are equal.
Similarly, GOB = 90 ? AF = AE ..... (i) [tangents from A]
? GOA + GOB = (90 + 90) = 180 BD = BF ..... (ii) [tangents from B]
AOB is a straight line
CE =CD ..... (iii) [tangents from C]
Hence, AOB is a diameter of the circle with
centre O. Adding (i), (ii) and (iii), we get
(AF + BD + CE) = (AE + BF + CD) = k (say)
Ex.7 Prove that the angle between the two tangents
drawn from an external point to a circle is Perimeter of 'ABC = (AF + BD +CE)
supplementary to the angle subtended by the + (AE + BF + CD)
line segments joining the pointsof contact to the
centre. = (k + k) = 2k
Sol. Given : PA and PB are the tangent drawn from 1
? k= (perimeter of 'ABC).
a point P to a circle with centre O. Also, the line 2
segments OA and OB are drawn. Hence AF + BD + CE = AE + CD + BF
To Prove : APB + AOB = 180 1
Proof : We know that the tangent to a circle is = (perimeter of 'ABC)
2
perpendicular to the radius through the point of
contact.

Mathematics-Circle 85
Ex.9 A circle touches the side BC of a 'ABC at P, and Ex.11 A quadrilateral ABCD is drawn to circumscribe a
touches AB and AC produced at Q and R circle, as shown in the figure.
respectively, as shown in the figure.

Prove that AB + CD = AD + BC
Sol. We known that the lengths of tangents drawn
from an exterior point to a circle are equal.
1 ? AP = AS ....(i) [tangents from A]
Show that AQ = (perimeter of 'ABC) BP = BQ ....(ii) [tangents from B]
2
Sol. We know that the lengths of tangents drawn CR = CQ ....(iii) [tangents from C]
from an exterior point to a circle are equal. DR = DS ....(iv) [tangents from D]
? AQ = AR .... (i) [tangents from A] ? AB + CD = (AP + BP) + (CR + DR)
= (AS + BQ) + (CQ + DS)
BP = BQ .... (ii) [tangents from B]
[using (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)]
CP = CR .... (iii) [tangents from C]
= (AS + DS) + (BQ + CQ)
Perimeter of 'ABC = (AD + BC).
= AB + BC + AC Hence, (AB + CD) = (AD + BC)
= AB + BP + CP + AC Ex.12 Prove that the paralleogram circumscribing a
= AB + BQ + CR + AC [using (ii) and (iii)] circle, is a rhombus.
= AQ + AR Sol.
= 2AQ [using (i)].
1
Hence, AQ = (perimeter of 'ABC)
2
Ex.10 Prove that there is one and only one tangent at
any point on the circumference of a circle.
Sol. Let P be a point on the circumference of a circle
Given : A parallelogram ABCD
with centre O. If possible, Let PT and PTc be two
circumsribes a circle with centre O.
tangents at a point P of the circle.
To prove : AB = BC = CD = AD
Now, the tangent at any point of a circle is
Proof : we know that the lengths of tangents
perpendicular to the radius through the point of drawn from an exterior point to a circle are equal.
contact. ? AP = AS .... (i) [tangents from A]
? OP A PT and similarly, OP A PTc BP = BQ .... (ii) [tangents from B]
OPT = 90 and OPTc = 90 CR = CQ .... (iii) [tangents from C]
DR = DS .... (iv) [tangents from D]
OPT = OPTc
? AB + CD = AP + BP + CR + DR
This is possible only when PT and PTc coincide. = AS + BQ + CQ + DS [From (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)]
Hence, there is one and only one tangent at any = (AS + DS) + (BQ + CQ)
point on the circumference of a circle.
= AD + BC

86 Mathematics-Circle
 Hence, (AB + CD) = (AD + BC) Sol. Given : PQ and RS are two parallel tangents to
2AB = 2AD a circle with centre O and AB is a tangent to the
[ opposite sides of a parallelogram are equal] circle at a point C, intersecting PQ and RS at A
AB = AD. and B respectively.
? CD = AB = AD = BC To prove : AOB 90q
Hence, ABCD is a rhombus Proof : Since PA and RB are tangents to the
Ex.13 Prove that the opposite sides of a quadrilateral circle at P and R respectively and POR is a
circumscribing a circle subtend supplementary diameter of the circle, we have
angles at the centre of the circle.
OPA 90q and ORB 90q
Sol. Given : A quadrilateral ABCD circumscribes a
circle with centre O. OPA  ORB = 180
To Prove : AOB + COD = 180 PA || RB
and BOC + AOD = 180 We know that the tangents to a circle from an
Construction : Join OP, OQ, OR and OF external point are equally inclined to the line
segment joining this point to the centre.
? 2 1 and 4 3
Now, PA|| RB and AB is a transversal.
? PAB  RBA = 180
Proof : We know that the tangents drawn from
(1  2) + (3  4) = 180
an external point of a circle subtend equal angles
at the centre. 21 + 23 = 180
? 1 = 2, 3 = 4, 5 = 6 and 7= 8 [ 2 = 1 and 4 and 3 ]
And, 1+ 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 +
2 (1  3) = 180
7 + 8 = 360 [ s at a point]
1  3 = 90
2 ( 2 + 3) + 2 ( 6 + 7) = 360 and
From 'AOB, we have
2 ( 1+ 8) + 2( 4 + 5) = 360
AOB + 1 + 3 = 180
 2 + 3 + 6 + 7 = 180 and
[ sum of the s of a triangle is 180]
1 + 8 + 4 + 5 = 180
AOB + 90 = 180
 AOB + COD = 180 and AOB = 90
AOD  BOC = 180 Hence, AOB = 90
Ex.14 In the given figure, PQ and RS are two parallel Ex.15 ABC is a right triangle, right angled at B. A circle
tangents to a circle with centre O and another
is inscribed in it. The lengths of the two sides
tangent AB with point of contact C intersects
containing the right angle are 6 cm and 8 cm.
PQ at A and RS at B.
Find the radius of the incircle.
Sol.

Prove that AOB 90q

Mathematics-Circle 87
 Let the radius of the incircle be x cm. Sol. Let P be the given point, O be the centre of the
circle and PT be the length of tangent from P.
Let the incircle touch the side AB, BC and CA
Then, OP = 25 cm and OT = 7 cm.
at D, E, F respectively. Let O be the centre of the
circle.
Then, OD = OE = OF = x cm.
Also, AB = 8 cm and BC = 6 cm.
Since the tangents to a circle from an external
point are equal, we have Since tangent to a circle is always perpendicular
to the radius through the point of contact.
AF = AD = (8 x) cm, and
? OTP 90q
CF = CE = (6 x) cm. In right triangle OTP, we have
? AC = AF + CF = (8 x) cm + (6 x) cm OP2 = OT 2 + PT 2
= (14 2x) cm. 252 = 72 + PT 2
Now , AC2 = AB 2 + BC2 PT2 = 252 7 2 = (25 7) (25 + 7) = 576
(14 2x)2 = 82 + 62 = 100 = (10)2 PT = 24 cm
Hence, length of tangent from P = 24 cm
14 2x = r10 x = 2 or x = 12
Ex.18 In Fig., if AB = AC, prove that BE = EC
x = 2 [neglecting x = 12].
Hence, the radius of the incircle is 2cm.

Ex.16 A point P is 13 cm from the centre of the

circle.The length of the tangent drawn from P to
the circle is 12cm. Find the radius of the circle.
Sol. Since tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the Sol. Since tangents from an exterior point to a circle
radius through the point of contact. are equal in length
? AD = AF [Tangents from A]
BD = BE [Tangents from B]
CE = CF [Tangents from C]
Now,
AB = AC
? OTP 90q AB AD = AC AD
[Subtracting AD from both sides]
In right triangle OTP, we have
AB AD = AC AF [Using (i)]
OP2 = OT 2 + PT 2
 BD = CF  BE = CF [Using (ii)]
132 = OT2 + 122 BE = CE [Using (iii)]
OT 2 = 13 2 122 = (13 12) (13 + 12) = 25 Ex.19 In fig. XP and XQ are tangents from X to the
OT = 5 circle with centre O. R is a point on the circle.
Hence, radius of the circle is 5 cm.

Ex.17 Find the length of the tangent drawn from a

point whose distance from the centre of a circle
is 25 cm. Given that the radius of the circle is
7 cm. Prove that, XA + AR = XB + BR.

88 Mathematics-Circle
Sol. Since lengths of tangents from an exterior point It is given that D = 90 Also, OR = OS.
to a circle are equal. Therefore,
? XP = XQ .... (i) [From X] ORDS is a square.
AP = AR .... (ii) [From A] Since tangents from an exterior point to a circle
BQ = BR .... (iii) [From B] are equal in length.
Now, XP = XQ ? BP = BQ
XA + AP = XB + BQ CQ = CR
XA + AR = XB + BR and DR = DS
[Using equations (i) and (ii)] Now,
Ex.20 PA and PB are tangents from P to the circle with BP = BQ
centre O. At point M, a tangent is drawn cutting BQ = 27 [BP = 27 cm (Given)]
PA at K and PB at N. Prove that KN = AK + BN.
BC CQ = 27
Sol. We know that the tangents drawn from an
external point to a circle are equal in length. 38 CQ = 27 [BC = 38 cm ]
CQ = 11cm
CR = 11cm [CR = CQ ]
CD DR = 11
25 DR = 11 [CD = 25cm ]
DR = 14 cm
But, ORDS is a square. Therefore, OR = DR = 14 cm
Hence, r = 14 cm
? PA = PB .... (i) [From P] Ex.22 Prove that the tangents at the extremities of any
KA = KM .... (ii) [From K] chord make equal angles with the chord.
and,NB = NM .... (iii) [From N] Sol. Let AB be a chord of a circle with centre O, and
Adding equations (ii) and (iii), we get let AP and BP be the tangents at A and B
KA + NB = KM + NM respectively. Suppose the tangents meet at P.
AK + BN = KM + MN Join OP. Suppose OP meets AB at C. We have
AK + BN = KN to prove that PAC = PBC In triangles PCA
and PCB, we have
Ex.21 ABCD is a quadrilateral such that D = 90. A
circle (O, r) touches the sides AB, BC, CD and
DA at P,Q,R and S respectively. If BC = 38 cm,
CD = 25 cm and BP = 27 cm, find r.
Sol. Since tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the
radius through the point.
? ORD = OSD = 90
Tangents from an external po int
PA = PB
are equal
APC = BPC [ PA and PB are equally
inclined to OP]
and, PC = PC [Common]
So, by SAS - criterion of congruence, we have
'PAC ~ 'PBC
PAC = PBC

Mathematics-Circle 89
Ex.23 In fig., O is the centre of the circle, PA and PB Ex.25 In two concentric circles, prove that all chords of
are tangent segments. Show that the quadrilateral the outer circle which touch the inner circle are
AOBP is cyclic. of equal length.
Sol. Sol. Let AB and CD be two chords of the circle which
touch the inner circle at M and N respectively.

Then, we have to prove that

Since tangent at a point to a circle is
AB = CD
perpendicular to the radius through the point.
Since AB and CD are tangents to the smaller
? OA A AP and OB A BP
circle.
OAP = 90 and OBP = 90
? OM = ON = Radius of the smaller circle
OAP +OBP = 90 + 90  q .... (i)
Thus, AB and CD are two chords of the larger
In quadrilateral OAPB, we have circle such that they are equidistant from the
OAP + APB + AOB + OBP = 360 centre. Hence, AB = CD.
         (APB + AOB) + (OAP + OBP) = 360
         APB + AOB + 180 = 360
APB + AOB = 180 .... (ii)
From equations (i) and (ii),we can say that the
quadrilateral AOBP is cyclic.
Ex.24 In fig., circles C(O,r) and C(Oc, r/2) touch
internally at a point A and AB is a chord of the
circle C (O,r) intersecting C(Oc, r/2) at C, Prove
that AC = CB.
Sol. Join OA, OC and OB. Clearly, OCA is the angle
in a semi-circle.

? OCA 90q
In right triangles OCA and OCB, we have
OA = OB = r
OCA = OCB = 90
and OC = OC
So, by RHS criterion of congruence, we get
'OCA ~ 'OCB
AC = CB

90 Mathematics-Circle
 EXERCISE # 1

A. Very short Answer type Questions

Q.1 In the given figure, PA and PB are the tangent

segments to a circle with centre O. Show that
the points A, O, B and P are concyclic.

B. Short Answer type Questions

Q.5 Find the length of tangent drawn to a circle with

Q.2 From an external point P, tangents PA and PB are
drawn to a circle with centre O. If CD is the
tangent to the circle at a point E and PA = 14cm,
find the perimeter of 'PCD.
radius 7 cm from a point 25 cm away from the
centre of the circle.
Q.6 A point P is 26 cm away from the centre of a
circle and the length of the tangent drawn from
P to the circle is 24 cm. Find the radius of the
circle.

Q.7 Two tangent segments BC and BD are drawn to

a circle with centre O such that CBD = 120 .
Prove that OB = 2BC.

Q.3 A circle is inscribed in a 'ABC having AB = 10

cm, BC = 12 cm and CA = 8 cm and touching
these sides at D, E, F respectively, as shown in
the figure. Find AD, BE and CF.
Q.8 In the given figure, O is the centre of two
concentric circles of radii 4 cm and 6 cm
respectively. PA and PB are tangents to the outer
and inner circle respectively. If PA = 10 cm, find
the length of PB up to one place of decimal.

Q.4 In the given figure, ABCD is a quadrilateral in

which D = 90. A circle C(O, r) touches the
sides AB, BC, CD and DA at P, Q, R , S
respectively. If BC = 38 cm, CD = 25 cm and
BP = 27 cm, find the value of r.

Mathematics-Circle 91
 C. Long Answer type Questions Q.11 From a point P, two tangents PA and PB are
drawn to a circle C (O, r). If OP = 2r, show that
Q.9 In the given figure, a circle touches all the four
'APB is equilateral.
sides of a quadrilateral ABCD whose three sides
are AB = 6 cm, BC = 7 cm and CD = 4cm. Find AD.

Q.10 In the given figure, PA and PB are tangents such

that PA = 9 cm and APB = 60. Find the length
of chord AB.

ANSWER KEY

A. VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE :

2. 28 cm 3. AD = 3cm , BE = 7cm, CF = 5cm 4. r = 14 cm

B. SHORT ANSWER TYPE :

5. 24 cm 6. 10 cm 8. 10.9 cm

C. LONG ANSWER TYPE :

9. 3 cm 10. 9 cm

92 Mathematics-Circle
 EXERCISE # 2
Single Correct Type Questions Q.6 In a circle with centre O, AB and CD are two
diameters perpendicular to each other. The length
Q.1 If the length of a chord of a circle is 16 cm and
of chord AC is
is at a distance of 15 cm from the centre of the
circle, then the radius of the circle (in cm) is (A) 2 AB (B) 2 AB
1 1
(A) 15 (B) 16 (C) 17 (D) 34 (C) AB (D) AB
2 2
Q.2 The radius of a circle is 6 cm. The perpendicular Q.7 In a circle with centre O, the unequal chords AB
distance from the centre of the circle to the chord and CD intersect each other at P. Then, ' APC
which is 8 cm in length, is and ' DPB are
(A) 5 cm (B) 2 5 cm (A) Equal in area (B) Similar
(C) 2 7 cm (D) 7 cm (C) Congruent (D) None of these

Q.3 An equilateral triangle ABC is inscribed in a circle Q.8 In the given figure, AB and CD are two common
with centre O. Then, BOC is equal to tangents to the two touching circles. If DC = 4 cm,
then AB is equal to

(A) 30 (B) 60 (C) 90 (D) 120 (A) 4 cm (B) 6 cm (C) 8 cm (D) 12 cm

Q.4 In the adjoining figure, O is the centre of the Q.9 CD is a direct common tangent to two circles
intersecting e ach ot her at A a nd B. Then,
circle. If OBC = 25, then BAC is equal to
CAD + CBD = ?

(A) 90 (B) 180 (C) 360 (D) 120

(A) 25 (B) 30 (C) 65 (D) 150
Q.10 In the adjoining figure, PQ is the tangent at K.
Q.5 I n f i g . O i s t h e c e n t r e o f t h e c i rc l e . I f If LN is a diameter and KLN = 30, then PKL
BAC = 52, then OCD is equal to equals

(A) 52 (B) 104 (C) 128 (D) 76

(A) 30 (B) 50 (C) 60 (D) 70

Mathematics-Circle 93
Q.11 In the adjoining figure, POQ is the diameter of Q.16 The length of the tangent drawn from a point
the circle. R and S are any two points on the 8 cm away from the centre of a circle of radius
circle. Then,
6 cm, is
(A) 7 cm (B) 2 7 cm
(C) 10 cm (D) 5 cm
Q.17 Two circles of radii 20 cm and 37 cm intersect in
A and B. If O and O' ar e their centres and
(A) PRQ > PSQ
AB = 24 cm, then distance OO' is equal to
(B) PRQ < PSQ
(C) PRQ = PSQ (A) 45 cm (B) 51 cm
1 (C) 40.5 cm (D) 44 cm
(D) PRQ = PSQ
2
Q.12 Two equal circles of radius r intersect such that Q.18 If two diameters of a circle intersect each other
each passes through the centre of the other. The at right angles, then quadrilateral formed by
length of common chord is joining their end points is a
r 3 (A) Rhombus (B) Rectangle
(A) r (B) r 2 (C) r 3 (D)
2 (C) Parallelogram (D) Square
Q.13 If four sides of a quadrilateral ABCD are
Q.19 If ABC is an arc of a circle and ABC = 135,
tangential to a circle, then
then the ratio of arc PQR to the circumference is
(A) AC + AD = BD + CD
(B) AB + CD = BC + AD (A) 1 : 4 (B) 3 : 4
(C) AB + CD = AC + BC (C) 3 : 8 (D) 41 : 72
(D) AC + AD = BC + DB
Q.20 If one angle of a cyclic trapezium is triple the
Q.14 In the adjoining figure, A, B, C are three points other, then the greater one measures :
on a circle with centre O. If AOB = 90 and
BOC = 120, then ABC is (A) 90 (B) 105
(C) 120 (D) 135
Q.21 The angle in a major segment of a circle is
(A) Greater than 45 but less than 90
(B) Less than 45
(C) Less than 90
(A) 60 (B) 75
(C) 90 (D) None of these (D) Greater than 90 but less than 135

Q.15 AB is a diameter and AC is a chord of a circle Q.22 O is the centre of a circle. If tangent PQ = 12 cm and
such that BAC = 30. The tangent at C BQ = 8 cm, then chord AB is
intersects AB produced in D. Then,

(A) 10 cm (B) 4 5 cm
(A) BC < BD (B) BC > BD
(C) BC = BD (D) Cannot say (C) 4 cm (D) 18 cm

94 Mathematics-Circle
Q.23 AB and CD are two parallel chords of a circle Q.29 Two circles touch internally. The sum of their
with centre O such that AB = 6 cm and CD = 12 areas is, 116 S sq. cm and the distance between
cm. The chords are on the same side of the their centres is 6 cm. The radius of the larger
centre and the distance between them is 3 cm. circle is
Then, the radius of the circle is (A) 7 cm (B) 8 cm
(A) 6 cm (B) 5 2 cm (C) 10 cm (D) 12 cm
(C) 7 cm (D) 3 5 cm
Q.30 Two circles touch each other internally. Their
Q.24 In a circle of radius 17 cm, two parallel chords are radii are 2 cm and 3 cm. The biggest chord of the
drawn on opposite side of a diameter. The outer circle which is outside the inner circle, is
distance between the chords is 23 cm. if the of length
length of one chord is 16 cm. Then the length of
(A) 2 2 cm (B) 3 2 cm
the other is
(A) 34 cm (B) 15 cm (C) 2 3 cm (D) 4 2 cm
(C) 23 cm (D) 30 cm Q.31 The chord of a circle is equal to its radius. The
Q.25 In the adjoining figure, ADC = 140 and AOB angle subtended by this chord at the minor arc
is the diameter of the circle. Then, BAC is of the circle is
equal to (A) 60 (B) 75 (C) 120 (D) 150
Q.32 The distance between the centres of the two
circles of radii r1 and r2 is d. They will touch
each other internally if :
(A) d = r1 or r2 (B) d = r1 + r2
(C) d = r1 r2 (D) d = r1r2
(A) 40 (B) 50 (C) 70 (D) 75
Q.33 A triangle with sides 13 cm, 14 cm and 15 cm is
Q.26 If two circle are such that the centre of one lies
inscribed in a circle. The radius of the circle is
on the circumference of the other, then the ratio
of the common chord of the two circles to the (A) 2 cm (B) 3 cm (C) 4 cm (D) 5 cm
radius of any one of the circles, is Q.34 Two chords AB and CD of a circle intersect at E
(A) 4 : 1 (B) 5 : 1 such that AE = 2.4 cm, BE = 3.2 cm and CE = 1.6
(C) 2 : 1 (D) 3 :1 cm. the length of DE is
(A) 1.6 cm (B) 3.2 cm
Q.27 If tangents QR, RP, PQ are drawn respectively at
A, B, C to a circle circumscribing an acute angled (C) 4.8 cm (D 6.4 cm
' ABC so as to form another ' PQR, then, Q.35 A chord of length 14 cm is at a distance of 6 cm
RPQ is equal to from the centre of a circle. The length of another
1 chord at a distance of 2 cm from the centre of the
(A) 180 BAC (B) (180 BAC)
2 circle is
(C) BAC (D) 180 2 BAC (A) 12 cm (B) 14 cm
Q.28 Two circles touch externally. The sum of their (C) 16 cm (D) 18 cm
areas is 130 S sq cm and the distance between
Q.36 The number of common tangents that can be
their centres is 14 cm. The radius of the smaller
drawn to two given circles is at the most :
circle is
(A) One (B) Two
(A) 2 cm (B) 3 cm
(C) Three (D) Four
(C) 4 cm (D) 5 cm

Mathematics-Circle 95
Q.37 A is a point outside the circle with centre O, AT (A) AD = AB + BC + CA
and AT' are the tangents to the circle and P is
(B) 2 AD = AB + BC + CA
a point on the circle as shown in the figure.
Then, TPT' equals (C) 3 AD = AB + BC + CA
(D) 4 AD = AB + BC + CA
Q.42 In the adjoining figure, the larger circle with
radius 4 cms is touched internally by two smaller
circles which also touch each other externally at
the centre O of the larger circle. The area of
(A) 55 (B) 70 (C) 125 (D) 140
shaded portion is
Q.38 Two circles of radii R and r touch each other
externally and PQ is the direct common tangent.
Then PQ2 is equal to
(A) R r (B) R + r
(C) 2 r R (D) 4 r R
Q.39 If O is the centre of a circle of radius r and AB
r (A) 4 S (B) 7 S (C) 12 S (D) 16 S
is a chord of the circle at a distance from O,
2 Q.43 In the adjoining figure, a smaller circle touches
then BAO is
a larger circle internally and passes through the
centre O of the larger circle. If the area of the
smaller circle. If the area of te smaller circle is 200
cm2 , the area of the larger circle in sq. cm is

(A) 60 (B) 45 (C) 30 (D) 15

Q.40 ABC is a right angled triangle with BC = 6 cm
and AB = 8 cm. A circle with centre O is inscribed
in ' ABC. The radius of the circle is
(A) 400 (B) 600
(C) 800 (D) 1000
Q.44 ACB is a tangent to a circle at C. CD and CE are
chords such that ACE > ACD. If ACD =
BCE = 50, then
(A) CD = CE
(A) 1 cm (B) 2 cm (C) 3 cm (D) 4 cm (B) ED is not parallel to AB
Q.41 In the adjoining figure AD, AE and BC are (C) ED passes through the centre of the circle
tangents to the circle at D, E, F respectively. (D) ' CDE is a right angled triangle.
Then
Q.45 AB is a chord of a circle whose centre is O. P is
a point on the circle such that OP A AB and OP
intersect AB at the point M. If AB = 8 cm and
MP = 2 cm, then the radius of the circle is
(A) 10 cm (B) 6 cm
(C) 5 cm (D) 4 cm

96 Mathematics-Circle
Q.46 In the adjoining figure, PQ is a tangent from P to Q.53 M and N are the centres of two circles whose
the circle and QOR is a diameter. If POR = 130, radii are 7 cm and 4 cm respectively. The direct
QPO is
common tangents to the circles meet MN in P.
Then, P divides MN in the ratio
(A) 7 : 4 internally (B) 4 : 7 internally
(C) 7 : 4 externally (D) 4 : 7 externally

(A) 40 (B) 45 (C) 50 (D) 75 Q.54 The radius of a circle is 20 cm. The radii (in cm)

Q.47 Two circles touch each other externally at C and of three concentric circles drawn in such a manner
AB is a common tangent to the circles. Then, that the whole area is divided into four equal
ACB is parts, are
(A) Equal to 90 (B) Less than 90
10 3 10 2 10
(C) Greater than 90 (D) Greater than 120 (A) 20 2 , 20 3 , 20 (B) , ,
3 3 3
Q.48 If two equal circles touch each other externally, (C) 10 3 , 10 2 , 10 (D) 17, 14, 10
the common tangent divides the line of centres
in the ratio Q.55 PQR is a right angled triangle with hypotenuse
(A) 1 : 1 (B) 2 : 1 (C) 1 : 2 (D) 3 : 2 PR. A circle with centre O is inscribed in the
Q.49 Three equal circles of unit radius touch each triangle. If PQ = 6 cm and QR = 8 cm, then the
other. Then, the area of the circle circumscribing radius of the circle is
the three circles is (A) 1.8 cm (B) 2 cm
S
(A) (2  3 ) 2 (B) 6S (2  3 ) 2 (C) 2.5 cm (D) 3.6 cm
3
1 1 Q.56 The chord AB of a circle of centre O subtends
(C) (2  3 ) 2 (D) S (2  3 ) 2
3S 6 an angle T with the tangent at A to the circle.
Q.50 Three points A, B, C are on the same line. A ABO is
circle passes Through B and C. Then the focus (A) T (B) 2 (S T)
of the tangent drawn from A to the circle, if the
diameter of the circle is 2a, is (C) 90 T (D) 90 + T
(A) x2 + y2 = a2 (B) xx1 + yy1 = a2 Q.57 If three equal circles of radius 3 cm each touch
(C) xy = 0 (D) x + y = 0 each other, then the area of the shaded portion
Q.51 AC is tangent to a circle with centre O at the is
point A. ' OAC is an isosceles triangle. OCA
is equal to
(A) 30 (B) 45 (C) 60 (D) 90
Q.52 Two circles of radii 8 cm and 5 cm are drawn with
centres O and O' respectively. Their transverse
common tangents meet OO' in A. The point A 3 9
(A) (2  S) cm 2 (B) (2 3  S) cm 2
divides OO' in the ratio 2 2
(A) 8 : 5 internally (B) 5 : 8 internally 9 3
(C) (2 3  S) cm 2 (D) ( 3  S) cm 2
(C) 5 : 8 externally (D) 8 : 5 externally 2 2

Mathematics-Circle 97
Q.58 Any cyclic parallelogram having unequal adjacent Q.60 The radius of the circumscribing circle of an
sides is necessarily a equilateral triangle of side 6 cm, is
(A) Square (B) Rectangle (A) 2 3 cm (B) 3 3 cm
(C) Rhombus (D) Trapezium (C) 33 cm (D) 4 3 cm

Q.59 A cyclic quadrilateral whose opposite angles are Q.61 The sides of a triangle measure 4 cm, 3.4 cm and
equal, is a 2.2 cm. Three circles are drawn with centres at A,
(A) Parallelogram but not a rhombus B, and C in such a way that each circle touches

(B) Rhombus the other two. Then, the diameters of these

circles would measure (in cm) :
(C) Rectangle
(A) 1.1, 1.7, 5.0 (B) 1.6, 2.8, 5.2
(D) Square but not a rectangle
(C) 1.5, 2.9, 5.2 (D) 1.6, 3.0, 5.0

ANSWER KEY

Q.No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
Ans . C B D C A D B C B C C C B B C C B D C D C A
Q.No 2 3 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44
Ans . D D B D D B C D D C C C D D C D C B B B C A
Q.No 4 5 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61
Ans . C A D A A B B A C C B C B D C A B

98 Mathematics-Circle