Unit 1 Language summary

Vocabulary
Nouns Adjectives Verbs
(homemaking) ability Personalities Modals
accomplishment easygoing can/could
affection egotistical will/would
(physical) attractiveness intolerant Other
(close) friend modest brag
homemaking organized cant stand
intelligence (un)reliable find
leadership sociable get (along [with]/angry/annoyed)
passion stingy go out (with)
performance supportive have (a sense of humor/in
(earnings) potential temperamental common)
selflessness Other
(fashion) sense attractive Preposition
sense of humor depressed during (a movie)
sensitivity ideal
(job/social) skills interested
success mad
warmth
Pronouns
him/herself
others
someone

Expressions
Expressing likes and dislikes Making an offer
What kind of . . . do you like? I Let me . . . .
like people who/that . . . . Expressing agreement and disagreement
Id prefer someone who/that . . . . For me, . . . ./I think . . . .
I like/love (it when) . . . . I agree./Im not sure I agree.
Id really like to . . . . I feel the same way.
I dont mind it when . . . .
Expressing approval
Asking for more information Oh, good.
What else? Great!
Complaining
I cant stand it when . . . .
I think its disgusting when . . . .
It bothers me when . . . .
I hate it when . . . .

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Unit 2 Language summary
Vocabulary
Nouns lawyer Verbs
Jobs/Occupations/ pharmacist conduct
Careers politician earn
accountant psychiatrist seem
(secret) agent (newspaper/TV) reporter sound
air traffic controller veterinarian Adverb
architect Other
child-care worker (dis)advantage probably
choir director landscaping Conjunctions
(high school) coach (job) lead as
(gossip) columnist orchestra but
comedian salary
(restaurant) cook (public) speaking
counselor tan
(clothing/Web) designer Adjectives
(bus/taxi) driver conventional
flight attendant enterprising
headhunter investigative
(aerobics) instructor (un)predictable
intern realistic
landscaper social

Expressions
Asking for and giving an opinion Expressing surprise
What do you think? As far as Im concerned, . . . . Really?
How about this/that? In my opinion, . . . ./It Are you kidding?
seems/sounds . . . . Expressing enthusiasm
Doesnt that sound . . .? It sure does.
Wow!
Disagreeing Guess what . . . .
Not so! That's great!
I dont think so. Making a suggestion
I dont agree!
Lets . . . .
Im not so sure.
Beginning a series
First of all, . . . .
Adding information
In addition, . . . .
Further, . . . .
On the other hand, . . . .
For example, . . . .

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Unit 3 Language summary

Vocabulary
Nouns give (a gift) Adverbs
(digital) camera have (a party) before
espresso look at out
(staff) meeting make (a phone call/a request)
Prepositions
(phone) number move (into)
offer (an apology) at (five)
Adjectives owe (an apology) behind (me)
complicated receive (a compliment/a gift/ an on (Friday)
free (= not busy) invitation/a phone call) Interjections
ready refuse (a gift/a request)
underwater by the way
reject of course
Verbs return (a favor/a phone call/ uh
accept (an apology/an invitation/ a compliment) uh-huh
a request) spill um
decline stay take back
yeah
deny (a request) take care (of)
do (a favor) finish
turn down (an invitation)

Expressions
Talking on the telephone Would you mind if I . . . ?
Hi, . . . . This is . . . . Thats OK, I guess.
Oh, hi, . . . . Whats up? I wonder if . . . .
Leaving telephone messages Sure, thats fine.
Hello? I was wondering if youd mind . . . .
Hello. May I speak to . . . , please? Not at all.
Im sorry, . . . s not in right now. Thanking someone
Would you like to leave a message? Thanks a million./Thanks!
Yes, please. Sure.
Making, accepting, and Making indirect requests
declining requests Could you tell . . . (that) . . . ?
Could you please . . . ? Would you ask . . . to . . . ?
Id like to, but . . . ./Id be glad to. Can you tell . . . (not) to . . . ?
Is it OK if I . . . ? Can/Could you ask . . .
Of course. if/whether . . . ?
Do you mind if I . . . ? Please ask . . . if/whether . . . .
Go right ahead!/Im sorry, but . . . Can/Could you ask . . . what/when . . . ?
Would it be OK if I . . . ? Apologizing
Fine. No problem. Oh, Im sorry.

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Unit 4 Language summary

Vocabulary
Nouns locker Verbs
Events mailbox Modal
coincidence pain be able to
disaster police Other
emergency (hair care) product arrest
lucky break protester break into
misfortune (coral) reef come back
mystery robbery get (caught/locked out/stuck)
predicament secretary interrupt
triumph shipwreck involve
Other sky kick
achievement solution light up
(classified) ads stuff (un)lock
ambulance (hair) stylist order
(job) applicant suffering perform
carjacker surprise reach
coast thief reunite
destruction twin rob
diver Pronoun run out (of)
(revolving) door each other score
doorstep
driver Adjectives Adverbs
editorial apart accidentally
connected hardly
elevator
envelope half Prepositions
eye identical off
(good) fortune obvious by chance
freeway puzzling
gold quick Conjunction
illusion strange even though
incident sudden
(drivers) license unexplained

Expressions
Reacting to a story Exclaiming
What happened? What a (pain/. . . )!
Is that true? Agreeing
Dont tell me!
Exactly.
Expressing concern
Oh no!
Sympathizing
Im sorry.
Thats terrible!

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Unit 5 Language summary
Vocabulary
Nouns homesick Adverbs
challenge insecure along
cooking nervous appropriately
climate uncertain ever
culture shock worried (the) most
host
Verbs Prepositions
language
temple
Modal by (bus/train)
would/could for (a while/example)
tip
Other in (public)
Adjectives communicate
Feelings eat out
anxious feel
(un)comfortable get used to
confident get sick
curious have (a baby)
embarrassed keep (in mind)
enthusiastic plan
fascinated take (photographs)

Expressions
Expressing emotions Giving advice/Emphasizing a point
I dont think I could ever . . . . One of the most important things to
I dont think Id mind . . . . remember is . . . .
One thing Id be (anxious/ . . . ) about . . . . Another thing to keep in mind is . . . .
Asking for permission One thing people dont often realize is . . . .
Is it all right to . . . ? Telling someone something surprising
Describing expectations Guess what!
Youre supposed to . . . . Expressing an opinion/a feeling
You arent supposed to . . . . Oh, how (nice/awful/ . . . )!
Youre expected to . . . .
Its the custom to . . . .
Its not acceptable to . . . .

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Unit 6 Language summary
Vocabulary
Nouns shirt Verbs
Electronics stain adjust
answering machine store credit break (down)
calculator tablecloth charge
hair dryer tabletop crash
oven tear deliver
refrigerator temperature flicker
remote control vase go dead
(flat-screen) TV Pronoun jam
telephone leak
everything
washing machine overheat
Other Adjectives purchase
control Past participles repair
crack chipped replace
damage cracked shrink
discount damaged skip
dry cleaner dented work (= function)
landlord (well) made
Adverbs
lamp shade scratched
by hand
lens stained
even (when)
(jacket) lining torn
over
mug worn
right away/now
pair (of) Other
pitcher dirty Conjunction
receipt solar-powered through
refund undercooked
scratch

Expressions
Offering help Expressing a preference
Can I help you?/What can I do for you? Id Id rather . . . .
like . . . . Speaking frankly about a difficult topic
Describing problems Well, to be honest, . . . .
Is there something the matter with it?/ Adding information
Whats wrong with it? In fact, . . . ./ . . . , in fact.
Its torn/stained/damaged/scratched/
cracked/chipped/worn.
What exactly is the problem?
It has a tear/a hole/a stain/some
damage.
There are a lot of scratches.
Theres a crack.
Its leaking./It has a leak.
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Unit 7 Language summary

Vocabulary
Nouns Other major
World problems CFC rare
acid rain chemical underground
drug trafficking contribution unemployed
famine dependence urban
global warming executive wasteful
government corruption factory
fumes
Verbs
HIV/AIDS
conserve
(the) homeless growth
contaminate
inflation hair spray
create
overcrowding health
deplete
overbuilding landfill
develop
overpopulation law
displace
political unrest livestock
dispose (of)
pollution management
eat up
poverty paper
educate
unemployment publicity
harm
The earth recycling
pollute
air reduction
pump
coal run (a story)
reduce
farm(land) shelter
think about
fish (TV) station
threaten
(rain) forest supply
work on
ocean (heavy) traffic
oil training Adverb
ozone layer Adjectives outside
plant free Prepositions
river illegal against (the law)
soil industrial as a result of
wildlife innovative because of
jammed due to
on (the street)

Expressions
Describing problems Identifying something
The . . . are being . . . by . . . . Whats the name of . . . ?
(The) . . . is being . . . because of/due to . . . . Its called . . . .
The . . . have been . . . through . . . . Getting someones attention
(The) . . . has been . . . as a result of . . . . Excuse me.
Offering solutions Expressing approval/disapproval
One thing to do about it is to . . . . I think what youre doing is . . . .
Another way to stop them is to . . . .
The best way to help is to . . . . Expressing a regret
I wish I could . . . .
Talking about what will happen
What if . . . ?
Well, then . . . .

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Unit 8 Language summary

Vocabulary
Nouns Personal qualities Verbs
College majors artistic appreciation attend
broadcasting communication skills join
criminology competitiveness learn (about)
economics concern for others register (for)
environmental science cooperation sign up (for)
exercise science courtesy stick (on)
fashion creativity take (a class/a course [on])
film studies perseverance volunteer
hospitality self-confidence
interior design tolerance Adverb
correctly
nutritional science Other
Language learning curriculum Preposition
accent martial art on (= about)
grammar pen pal
idiom sitcom
learners dictionary software (program)
pronunciation
Adjectives
translation
native
vocabulary
private
right (= correct)
useful

Expressions
Asking about preferences Talking about learning methods
Would you rather . . . or . . . ? You could . . . by . . . .
Id rather (not) . . . . Thats a good idea.
Would you prefer to . . . or . . . ? (I I . . . by . . . .
think) Id prefer . . . to . . . . Maybe I should try that!
Id prefer (to) . . . . A good way to . . . is by . . . .
Do you want to . . . ? Admitting something
Id rather not./Id prefer not to. To tell you the truth, . . . .
Asking for personal information
Hows (your French class/ . . . ) going?
Not bad.

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Unit 9 Language summary

Vocabulary
Nouns Adjectives Adverbs
Services fatty actively
beauty services overweight professionally
(house) cleaning
Verbs Preposition
computer support
Phrasal over (the Internet)
dry cleaning
essay typing break up with
language tutoring come up with
laundry cut down on
music lessons get along with
(house) painting look forward to
pet sitting keep up with
repairs put up with
(financial/handyman) services take care of
Other Other
clothing argue
commuter control
dating service examine
fingernail get (in shape)
(shopping) mall guarantee
photo overcome
portrait quit
reunion relax
shyness upgrade
temper
vending machine

Expressions
Talking about things you need to have done Replying to advice
Do you know where I can have someone . . . . ? Thats not a bad idea.
You can have . . . ./You can get . . . to . . . . Actually, Ive tried that.
Do you know where I can have . . . ? Urging someone to do something
You can have/get . . . . Come on.
Asking for and giving advice Expressing frustration
What can I do? This is so depressing!
What about . . . ?
Have you thought about . . . ?
Why dont you . . . ?
Maybe you could . . . .
One thing you could do is (to) . . . .
It might be a good idea to . . . .

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Unit 10 Language summary
Vocabulary
Nouns fad Verbs
Historic events feather come out (with)
achievement hula hoop eliminate
assassination human function
disaster ice cap gather
discovery impact hijack
epidemic public figure hit the scene
invention rock n roll introduce
terrorism/terrorist act sensation prevent
Space travel/exploration summit release
atmosphere thought set up
launch vaccine sweep the nation
mission voice command translate
moon Pronouns Adverbs
rover
everyone not ever
spacecraft
none so far
surface
Other Adjectives Prepositions
album cellular for (44 years)
baldness coastal in (existence/1989)
century peaceful within (20 years)
craze polar
disco respected
existence

Expressions
Talking about historical events Making a prediction
When did . . . begin? Computers are going to take over our lives one
During the . . . s./In the . . . s./About . . . of these days.
years ago. Soon everyone will be using . . . .
How long was the . . . ? Within . . . years, they will have found a way
From . . . to . . . ./For . . . years. for us to . . . .
How long has the . . . been in existence? By then, maybe even . . . will have
Since . . . ./For about the last . . . years. disappeared.
For over . . . years. I bet . . . .
Talking about the future Expressing an opinion
Theyre coming out with . . . . Isnt it (great/ . . . )!
It will be able to . . . ./You wont need to . . . . Expressing and agreeing with an opinion
Saying you do something well I dont believe . . . .
Im good at . . . . I dont either.
Offering to solve a problem
Let me give it a try.

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Unit 11 Language summary
Vocabulary
Nouns Adjectives Verbs
bank account Behavior and personality appreciate
bar/bat mitzvah ambitious find out
confirmation argumentative go back
high school carefree make (friends)
importance conscientious retire
paycheck (im)mature save (money)
promotion naive tend (to)
relationship pragmatic
rite of passage rebellious
Adverb
Sweet 15/16 (ir)responsible Not . . . anymore
turning point selfish Preposition
sensible
Pronoun at (this job)
sophisticated
myself
tolerant
Other
broke
practical

Expressions
Describing yourself in the past Describing hypothetical situations
By the time I was in high school, . . . . If I had . . . , I would have . . . .
The moment I got my first job, . . . . If I had . . . , I wouldnt be . . . .
Before I had my first job, . . . . Asking for clarification
Once you have a job, . . . . What do you mean?
After I finished high school, . . . .
As soon as I graduated, . . . . Asking about someone
Until you graduate, . . . . What does . . . do?
Hes/Shes a(n) . . . .
Describing regrets about the past
I should have . . . ./I shouldnt have . . . .

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Unit 12 Language summary
Vocabulary
Nouns Adjectives crowded
Businesses Qualities for success diverse
athletic center affordable funny (= strange)
(clothing) boutique charming in
coffee bar clever packed
concert hall entertaining profitable
dance club fabulous sufficient
health club fashionable trendy
megastore industrious Verbs
supermarket informative
attract
Other knowledgeable
be seen
acoustics muscular
operate
advertising persuasive
succeed
reason slender
slogan tough Adverbs
sort (of) well written anyway
trainer Other plenty
wait brand new worldwide
catchy

Expressions
Describing the purpose of something Hypothesizing
In order to . . . , you need to . . . . I think it might . . . .
(In order) for a/an . . . to . . . , it has to . . . . This could be . . . .
To . . . , its a good idea to . . . . Enumerating considerations
Describing features There are three things to consider: First of
A nice thing about . . . is the . . . . all, . . . .
Another nice thing is that . . . . Next, . . . . Finally, . . . .
Giving reasons Accepting an invitation
I like . . . because . . . . I thought youd never ask!
Its so popular because of the . . . .
The reason people . . . is to . . . .
Due to . . . .

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Unit 13 Language summary
Vocabulary
Nouns Adjectives Adverbs
Reactions inconsiderate carefully
assumption guilty slowly
criticism messy
Conjunction
demand short (of money)
however
excuse
Verbs
prediction
accuse
suggestion
advise
suspicion
burst (out laughing)
warning
catch (a bus)
Other check (e-mail/ones messages)
acquaintance
dent
explanation
fire
field
get peeved
locksmith
have (on ones mind)
mood
impress
pet peeve
miss out (on)
tow truck
sleepwalk
voice mail turn up
Pronoun yawn
one

Expressions
Expressing curiosity Saying you cant be exact
I wonder what happened. . . . or something.
Asking for and telling time Expressing approval of someones action
What time is it now? . . . did the right thing.
Its . . . .
Offering to do something
Why dont I . . . ?

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Unit 14 Language summary

Vocabulary
Nouns foreign correspondent Other
Movies location scout advanced
actor movie producer final
angle network installer ready
costume screenwriter
script doctor Verbs
detail
stunt person complete
director
depend
drive-in (theater) Other
distribute
editor computer graphics
divide
film (rock) concert
expand
location fashion show
gross (= earn)
outline industry
pick
review scandal
prepare
scene stage
rehearse
screen stagehand
shoot (a [movie] scene)
screenplay thousands (of)
stand in (for)
script (TV) sitcom (= situational comedy)
stick out
set
Adjectives write out
shot
studio Kinds of films Adverbs
computer animated
Media professions separately
full-length
camera operator casting director soon after
IMAX
computer programmer
narrative Prepositions
(graphic/prop/special-effects/
silent in (order/sequence)
three-dimensional (3-D) on (stage)
Web-page) designer
dialect coach
(editorial page/film/photo) editor

Expressions
Explaining or identifying someone Saying you havent decided yet
. . . is the person who/that . . . . It depends.
Asking for an explanation Talking about an opportunity
Why is that? I get to . . . .

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Unit 15 Language summary
Vocabulary
Nouns handgun Verbs
Social issues helmet flush
child/day care horn go off
downsizing (health) insurance honk
ethnic conflict offense hunt
graffiti Seeing Eye dog make ends meet
gun violence (sales) tax pass
health care telemarketing permit
illiteracy Adjectives pretend
stray animals
high-rise Adverb
street crime
off (= free) next door
Other periodic
(coffee) break run-down
car alarm

Expressions
Making a recommendation Acknowledging an opinion and
People ought to/should be required to . . . . offering a different one
People shouldnt be allowed to . . . . That sounds interesting, but I think . . . .
Something has to be done to . . . . Thats not a bad idea. On the other hand, I feel
A rule has to be made to . . . . that . . . .
Laws must be passed to . . . . You may have a point. Nevertheless, I
People mustnt be permitted to . . . . think . . . .
Giving an opinion Asking for and giving reasons
I feel that . . . . Do you? Why?/Dont you? Why not?
I dont think that . . . . Well, because . . . . And another thing . . . .
In my opinion, . . . . Why do you say that?
Saying you already know something Because I think that . . . .
Tell me about it. Talking about the past
. . . used to . . . when I . . . .

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Unit 16 Language summary
Vocabulary
Nouns cynical Verbs
addiction dependent accomplish
(goodwill) ambassador frustrating deal with
emergency room (un)imaginative manage (to)
grade (visually) impaired
land mine insensitive Adverb
nursing home life-or-death ahead
orphanage resourceful Preposition
senior citizen rigid on (a regular basis)
(animal/homeless) shelter self-sufficient on (ones own)
weakness timid
upbeat
Adjectives youthful
adaptable
compassionate
courageous

Expressions
Describing challenges, frustrations, and Talking about future accomplishments
rewards What do you hope youll have achieved?
The most challenging/frustrating/rewarding I hope Ill have . . . .
thing about . . . is . . . . Id like to have . . . .
Describing past accomplishments Expressing birthday wishes
Ive managed to/I managed to . . . . Happy birthday.
Ive been able to/I was able to . . . .

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