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Presentation Outline
1. Physical Bus Types
2. Typical Bus Configurations
3. Bus Protection Methods & Schemes
4. High Impedance Bus Differential Protection
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Electrical Buses
PhysicalandElectricalJunction
Abusisacriticalelementofapower
system,asitisthepointof
convergenceofmanycircuits.
FromIEEEStd.C37.97AGuidefor
ProtectiveRelayApplicationsto
PowerSystemBuses
Electrical Buses
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Electrical Buses
Strain Bus
Main Components
Flexible Conductors
Supporting Structures
Strain insulators
Advantages
Small footprint
Simplicity
Very Economical
Short repair time Disadvantages
Lower reliability
Exposure
Conductor spacing and capacity
Electrical Buses
Isolated-Phase Bus
Main components:
Ridged center conductor
Supporting insulators
Air dielectric
Bushings at termination points
External supporting structures
Advantages
Higher reliability
Protected Disadvantages
Smaller conductor spacing High cost
Forced air cooling possible Long repair time
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Electrical Buses
Electrical Buses
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Importance of Bus
Protection
Bus Fault Characteristics
Not very common
Bus Protection
Philosophy
Dedicated protection
High speed operation for
internal faults
Two-out-of-two trip criteria
Optional redundant protection
scheme
Remote backup protection
Time overcurrent protection
Security for out-of-zone faults
Sensitivity for minimum internal
faults
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Bus Sectionalizing
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Ring Bus
No dedicated
bus protection
Full operating
flexibility
Good selectivity
Shared breakers
Economical
Breaker-And-A-Half
Bus
Full operating flexibility
Excellent selectivity
Widely used
Zone of Protection: Bus A and
Bus B have independent and
dedicated protection zones.
Line position protection provided
by branch circuits
Economical
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Protection Schemes
Protection Schemes
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Protection Schemes
Protection Schemes
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Protection Schemes
Protection Schemes
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Protection Schemes
Protection Schemes
I01 I02CF
I02 I01CF
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Protection Schemes
Protection Schemes
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Protection Schemes
Vbig
small
Protection Schemes
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Protection Schemes
Protection Schemes
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Protection Schemes
Protection Schemes
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Protection Schemes
Protection Schemes
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Protection Schemes
Protection Schemes
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Protection Schemes
Ir calculated for Vs
Protection Schemes
Disadvantages
Important CT criteria
Sensitivity
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Summary
References
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