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we obtain,
sx + sy sx - sy
sx = + cos u + txysin 2u
2 2
80 + 0 80 - 0
= + cos 270 + 45 sin 270
2 2
= -5 MPa Ans.
sx - sy
txy = - sinu + txy cos 2u
2
80 - 0
= - sin 270 + 45 cos 270
2
= 40 MPa Ans.
The negative sign indicates that sx is a compressive stress. These results are
indicated on the triangular element shown in Fig. b.
Ans:
sx = -5 MPa, txy = 40 MPa
842
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45 MPa
sx + sy sx - sy
Aa b + txy
2
s1, 2 = 2
a) 2
;
2
b + (30)
45 - ( -60) 2
a
45 - 60 2
= ;
2 A 2
up = 14.87, -75.13
45 + (- 60) 45 - ( -60)
= + cos 29.74 + 30 sin 29.74 = 53.0 MPa
2 2
sx - sy
b) tmaxin - plane = A a b + txy =
2
b + 30 = 60.5 MPa Ans.
45 - (- 60) 2
Aa
2 2
2 2
sx + sy 45 + ( - 60)
savg = = = - 7.50 MPa Ans.
2 2
850
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85 MPa
For element a:
sx = sy = 85 MPa txy = 0 u = - 45
sx + sy sx - sy
(sx)a = + cos 2u + txy sin 2u
2 2
85 + 85 85 - 85
= + cos ( -90) + 0 = 85 MPa
2 2
sx + sy sx - sy
(sy)a = + cos 2u - txy sin 2u
2 2
85 + 85 85 - 85
= - cos (-90) - 0 = 85 MPa
2 2
sx - sy
(txy)a = - sin 2u + txy cos 2u
2
85 - 85
= - sin ( -90) + 0 = 0
2
For element b:
sx = sy = 0 txy = 60 MPa u = - 60
sx + sy sx - sy
(sx)b = + cos 2u + txy sin 2u
2 2
Ans:
sx = 33.0 MPa, sy = 137 MPa, txy = - 30 MPa
855
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925. The wooden block will fail if the shear stress acting sy
along the grain is 550 psi. If the normal stress sx = 400 psi ,
determine the necessary compressive stress sy that will
cause failure.
58 sx 400 psi
sx - sy
txy = - a b sin 2u + txy cos 2u
2
400 - sy
550 = - a b sin 296 + 0
2
Ans:
sy = - 824 psi
863
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exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
a 0.25 in.
A
Normal and Shear Stresses: The normal stress is the combination of axial and
bending stress. Thus,
N My
s = -
A I
The cross - sectional area and the moment of inertia about the z axis of the brackets
cross section is
3 ( - 12)(-1)
sB = - = - 22.90 ksi
0.875 0.45573
tB = 0
The state of stress at point A can be represented on the element shown in Fig. b.
The state of principal stresses can also be represented by the elements shown in Fig. b.
866
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927. Continued
Substituting u = 45 into
sx - sy
txy = - sin 2u + txy cos 2u
2
-22.9 - 0
= - sin 90 + 0
2
This indicates that t max is directed in the positive sense of the y axes on the
in-plane
element defined by us = 45.
The state of maximum in - plane shear stress is represented by the element shown in
Fig. c.
Ans:
s1 = 0, s2 = - 22.90 ksi, tmax = 11.5 ksi,
in-plane
us = 45 and 135
867
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Section Properties:
QA = 0
QB = yA = 0.0125(0.025)(0.03) = 9.375 A 10 - 6 B m3
My
Normal Stress: Applying the flexure formula s = - .
I
2.40(103)(0.025)
sA = - = -192 MPa
0.3125(10 - 6)
2.40(103)(0)
sB = - = 0
0.3125(10 - 6)
VQ
Shear Stress: Applying the shear formula t =
It
24.0(103)(0)
tA = = 0
0.3125(10 - 6)(0.03)
24.0(103) C 9.375(10 - 6) D
tB = = 24.0 MPa
0.3125(10 - 6)(0.03)
In-Plane Principal Stresses: sx = 0, sy = -192 MPa, and txy = 0 for point A. Since
no shear stress acts on the element.
s1 = sx = 0 Ans.
= 0 ; 20 + (-24.0)2
= 0 ; 24.0
875
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933. Continued
= 24.0 MPa = s1
Hence,
Ans:
Point A: s1 = 0, s2 = - 192 MPa,
up1 = 0, up2 = 90,
Point B: s1 = 24.0 MPa, s2 = - 24.0 MPa,
up1 = -45.0, up2 = 45.0
876
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exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
942. The drill pipe has an outer diameter of 3 in., a wall 1500 lb
thickness of 0.25 in., and a weight of 50 lb>ft. If it is
subjected to a torque and axial load as shown, determine
(a) the principal stresses and (b) the maximum in-plane 800 lbft
shear stress at a point on its surface at section a.
20 ft
20 ft
Internal Forces and Torque: As shown on FBD(a).
Section Properties:
Normal Stress:
N -2500
s = = = -1157.5 psi
A 0.6875p
Tc 800(12)(1.5)
t = = = 3497.5 psi
J 4.1172
a) In-Plane Principal Stresses: sx = 0, sy = -1157.5 psi and txy = 3497.5 psi for
any point on the shafts surface. Applying Eq. 9-5,
sx + sy sx - sy 2
s1,2 = ; a b + t2xy
2 C 2
0 - (-1157.5) 2
a b + (3497.5)2
0 + (-1157.5)
= ;
2 C 2
= -578.75 ; 3545.08
0 - (-1157.5) 2
= + (3497.5)2
C 2
Ans:
s1 = 2.97 ksi, s2 = -4.12 ksi, tmax = 3.55 ksi
in-plane
886
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exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
550 MPa
R = CA = CB = 550
Ans:
sx = -421 MPa, txy = -354 MPa,
sy = 421 MPa
902
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exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
961. Draw Mohrs circle that describes each of the following 5 MPa 20 ksi
states of stress.
5 MPa 20 ksi
(a) (b)
18 MPa
(c)
905
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Section Properties:
r 0.25
Normal Stress: Since = = 10, thin wall analysis is valid.
t 0.025
N pr 200 500(0.25)
slong = + = + = 7.350 ksi
A 2t 0.013125p 2(0.025)
pr 500(0.25)
shoop = = = 5.00 ksi
t 0.025
Tc 20(12)(0.275)
t = = = 23.18 ksi
J 2.84768(10 - 3)
Construction of the Circle: In accordance with the sign convention sx = 7.350 ksi,
sy = 5.00 ksi, and txy = -23.18 ksi. Hence,
sx + sy 7.350 + 5.00
savg = = = 6.175 ksi
2 2
In-Plane Principal Stress: The coordinates of point B and D represent s1 and s2,
respectively.
Ans:
s1 = 29.4 ksi , s2 = -17.0 ksi
910
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a a
A B
Section a a
Fy = 0; Vy + 50 = 0 Vy = -50 lb
Mx = 0; T + 50(12) = 0 T = -600 lb # in
Mz = 0; Mz - 50(2) = 0 Mz = 100 lb # in
Section Properties: The moment of inertia about the z axis and the polar moment of
inertia of the wrenchs cross section are
p
Iz = (0.54) = 0.015625p in4
4
p
J = (0.54) = 0.03125p in4
2
Referring to Fig. b,
(Qy)B = 0
Normal and Shear Stress: The normal stress is caused by the bending stress
due to Mz.
MzyB 100(0.5)
(sx)B = - = - = -1.019 ksi
Iz 0.015625p
The shear stress at point B along the y axis is (txy)B = 0 since (Qy)B. However, the
shear stress along the z axis is caused by torsion.
Tc 600(0.5)
(txz)B = = = 3.056 ksi
J 0.03125p
926
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exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
975. Continued
Construction of the Circle: sx = -1.019 ksi, sz = 0, and txz = -3.056 ksi . Thus,
sx + sy -1.019 + 0
savg = = = -0.5093 ksi
2 2
The coordinates of reference point A and the center C of the circle are
Ans:
s1 = 2.59 ksi, s2 = -3.61 ksi, up1 = -40.3,
up2 = 49.7, tmax = 3.10 ksi , us = 4.73
in-plane
927
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exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
= 60.0 A 103 B N # m
P 0.900(106)
T0 = =
v 15
Section Properties:
A 0.252 B = 0.015625p m2
p
A =
4
A 0.1254 B = 0.3835 A 10 - 3 B m4
p
J =
2
Normal Stress:
N -1.23(106)
s = = = - 25.06 MPa
A 0.015625p
Tc 60.0(103) (0.125)
t = = = 19.56 MPa
J 0.3835 (10 - 3)
- 25.06 - 0 2
= a b + (19.56)2
C 2
Ans:
tmax = 23.2 MPa
in-plane
942
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exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
6 ksi
R = CA = CB = 8
Ans:
sx = -0.611 ksi, txy = 7.88 ksi, sy = -3.39 ksi
945
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1
A = 6(3) = 18 in2 I = (3)(63) = 54 in4
12
QA = 0
For point A:
P My 597.49 1750(12)(3)
sA = - - = - = - 1200 psi
A I 18 54
tA = 0
s1 = 0 Ans.
For point B:
P 597.49
sB = - = - = - 33.19 psi
A 18
VQB 247.49(13.5)
tB = = = 20.62 psi
It 54(3)
Ans:
Point A: s1 = 0, s2 = - 1.20 ksi,
Point B: s1 = 9.88 psi, s2 = - 43.1 psi
946