1. Research about Quantitative and Qualitative Research. Explain their difference.

Quantitative methods of research emphasize objective measurements and the statistical,

mathematical, or numerical analysis of data collected through polls, questionnaires, and
surveys, or by manipulating pre-existing statistical data using computational techniques.
It is used to quantify the problem by way of generating numerical data or data that can be
transformed into useable statistics. It is used to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviors, and
other defined variables and generalize results from a larger sample population.

Qualitative research is a method of inquiry employed in many different academic disciplines,

including in the social sciences and natural sciences, but also in non-academic contexts including
market research, business, and service demonstrations by non-profits.
Qualitative research it is also a form of inquiry that analyzes information conveyed through
language and behavior in natural settings. It is used to capture expressive information not
conveyed in quantitative data about beliefs, values, feelings, and motivations that underlie
behaviors.

Although the definition of quantitative and qualitative methods of research has shown the main
difference, both have their own purpose, strength and also limitation.
On Orientation of Meaning, qualitative is focus on meaning with in-depth approach on
describing a phenomenon. Meanwhile the quantitative approach oriented to describe the
phenomenon by measuring quantifiable character or object.
On data and cases, qualitative method of research uses a small amount of data to explain many
cases. On the otherwise, quantitative method has determined a particular number (many data)
needed to explain only few cases.
On business measurement emphasis, Quantitative research is concerned with measurement of
a market, including the calculation of market size, the size of market segments, brand shares,
purchase frequencies, awareness of brands, distribution levels, and so on. This quantitative data
is required at varying levels of accuracy and the methods used must be capable of achieving this.
Qualitative information is harder to define but the emphasis is on 'understanding' rather than
simple measurement. For example, quantitative research may tell you that Advert A is recalled
more often than Advert B, but how does A work as an advert and why is it more effective than
B? This is when qualitative research is needed.

2. Research and explain about 5 different kinds of qualitative research.

There are five approaches to qualitative research. They are: Narrative; Phenomenology;
Grounded Theory; Ethnography and Case Study. Each approach to qualitative research is not
mutually exclusive. They can be used in combinations. For example, a case study approach can
also incorporate grounded theory.
 Narrative: This approach to inquiry retells someones story across time. It explores what the
story means and the lessons to be learned. The narrative approach weaves together a sequence
of events, usually from just one or two individuals to form a cohesive story. You conduct in-
depth interviews, read documents, and look for themes; in other words, how does an individual
story illustrate the larger life influences that created it. Often interviews are conducted over
weeks, months, or even years, but the final narrative doesnt need to be in chronological order.
Rather it can be presented as a story (or narrative) with themes, and can reconcile conflicting
stories and highlight tensions and challenges which can be opportunities for innovation.

Phenomenology: The goal of phenomenological research is to describe participants experiences

in a specific context and understand a phenomenon. When you want to describe an event,
activity, or phenomenon, the aptly named phenomenological study is an appropriate qualitative
method. In a phenomenological study, you use a combination of methods, such as conducting
interviews, reading documents, watching videos, or visiting places and events, to understand
the meaning participants place on whatevers being examined. You rely on the participants own
perspectives to provide insight into their motivations. In a phenomenological study, you often
conduct a lot of interviews, usually between 5 and 25 for common themes, to build a sufficient
dataset to look for emerging themes and to use other participants to validate your findings.

Grounded Theory: This type of qualitative approach investigates a process, action, or interaction
with the goal of developing a theory. grounded theory looks to provide an explanation or theory
behind the events. You use primarily interviews and existing documents to build a theory based
on the data. You go through a series of open and axial coding techniques to identify themes and
build the theory. Sample sizes are often also largerbetween 20 to 60with these studies to
better establish a theory. Grounded theory can help inform design decisions by better
understanding how a community of users currently use a product or perform tasks.

Ethnography: The mainstay of early culture anthropologists, ethnography is an in-depth

description of a people group done through immersed participant observation and recorded
in the vernacular of the host society. In ethnography, you immerse yourself in the target
participants environment to understand the goals, cultures, challenges, motivations, and
themes that emerge. Ethnography has its roots in cultural anthropology where researchers
immerse themselves within a culture, often for years. Rather than relying on interviews or
surveys, you experience the environment first hand, and sometimes as a participant observer.

Case Study: The most common type of qualitative research, case study looks at episodic events
in a definable framework bounded by time and setting. A case study involves a deep
understanding through multiple types of data sources. Case studies can be explanatory,
exploratory, or describing an event.

3. Submit at least 5 titles for your thesis.

1. A Study to Determine the Best Retirement Plan Program Proposal for the Employees
of Isabela I Electric Cooperative, Inc. (ISELCO-1)
2. The Impact of Industrialization and Commercialization in the Electric Service
Revenue of of Isabela I Electric Cooperative, Inc. (ISELCO-1)
3. A Study on the Effect of Changing Weather Conditions in the Sale of Electricity of
Isabela I Electric Cooperative, Inc. (ISELCO-1)
4. A Study to Determine the Overall Assessment Rating of the Member-Consumers on
the Performance and Services of Isabela I Electric Cooperative, Inc. (ISELCO-1)
5. A Study to Determine the Overall Job Satisfaction Rating of the Employees of
Isabela I Electric Cooperative, Inc. (ISELCO-1)