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Sahiwal
????????
City
Sahiwal is located in Punjab, Pakistan SahiwalSahiwal
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Coordinates: 3039'40?N 736'30?ECoordinates: 3039'40?N 736'30?E
Country Pakistan
Province Punjab
District Sahiwal
Elevation 152.4 m (500.0 ft)
Population (2016 estimate)
Total 14,01,000[1]
(21.6% urban)
Density 576/km2 (1,490/sq mi)
1,058,000 as per 1998 census[1]
Time zone PST (UTC+5)
Calling code 040
No. of Union Councils 52
(11 urban, 41 rural)[1]
Sahiwal (Punjabi and Urdu: ?????????), is a city in southern Punjab, Pakistan. It
is the administrative center of Sahiwal District, and used to be that of the former
Sahiwal division. Sahiwal is approximately 180 km from the major city Lahore and
lies between Lahore and Multan. With a population of 207,388 (1998 Pakistan
Census), it is the 14th largest city in the Punjab and the 22nd largest city in
Pakistan.

A small village on the Karachi-Lahore railway line during 1865 was named Montgomery
after Sir Robert Montgomery, then Lieutenant-Governor of Punjab.[2][3] Later, it
was made the capital of the Montgomery District. Its name was reinstated as Sahiwal
in 1967 after the Sahi clan of Kharal Rajpoots who are the native inhabitants of
this area.

The city is in the densely populated region between the Sutlej and Ravi rivers. The
principal crops are wheat, cotton, tobacco,[4] legumes, potato[5] and oilseeds.
Cotton goods and lacquered woodwork are manufactured.[2][6]

Contents [hide]
1 History
2 Climate
3 Twin city
4 Sahiwal Dairy Cattle Breed
5 Agriculture
6 Industry
7 Notable people from Sahiwal
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
History[edit]
The Sahiwal District has been settled from the pre-historical era. Harappa is an
archaeological site, about 35 km (22 mi) west of Sahiwal, that was built
approximately 2600 BCE. The area was part of South Asian empires and in crossroads
of migrations and invasions from Central Asia. The pastoral tribes of this barren
expanse did not appear to have paid more than a nominal allegiance to the Muslim
rulers, the population for the most part remained in a chronic state of rebellion.
Sahiwal is located close to Pakpattan, a famous medieval town and Muslim Sufi
pilgrimage site. Pakpattan owes its sanctity and modern name, 'the holy ferry', to
the shrine of the great Muslim Sufi Fariduddin Ganjshakar Shaikh-ul-Islam, Farid-
ul-Hakkwa-ud-Din, Shakar Ganj (11731265) which was visited by old great traveler
and historian Ibn Batuta in 1334. The native population converted to Islam by Sufi
missionaries. After the decline of the Mughal Empire, the Sikh took control of
Sahiwal. The inhabitants were treated benevolently during Sikh rule. The district
came under direct British rule in 1849, when the district was officially formed
with its headquarters at Pakpattan. The district was expanded to include the trans-
Ravi portion in 1852, and the district headquarters were moved to Gogera. In 1865,
when the railway was opened, a village on the railway side, was named "Montgomery"
and became the capital of the district.[7]

During the Indian Rebellion of 1857, there was a general uprising of the Muslim
population of Sahiwal, and the district formed the scene of the only uprising which
took place north of Sutlej. Before the end of May 1857, emissaries from Delhi
crossed the river from Sirsa and Hisar, where open rebellion was already ripe, and
met with a ready reception from the Kharals and various other Muslim tribes. The
district authorities, however, kept down the threatened uprising till August 26,
1857 when the prisoners in jail made a desperate attempt to break loose. At the
same time Ahmad Khan, a famous Kharal leader, who had been detained at Gogera,
broke his arrest, and though apprehended, was released on security, together with
several other suspected chieftains. On September 16, they fled to their homes, and
the whole country rose in open rebellion. Kot Kamalia was sacked; and Major
Chamberlain, moving up with a small force from Multan, was besieged for some days
at Chichawatni on the Ravi. The situation at the civil station remained critical
till Colonel Paton arrived with substantial reinforcements from Lahore. An attack
which took place immediately after their arrival was repulsed. Several minor
actions followed in the open field, until finally the rebels, driven from the plain
into the jungles of the interior, were utterly defeated and dispersed. The British
troops then inflicted severe punishment on the insurgent clans, destroying their
villages, and seizing large numbers of herds.[8]

Climate[edit]
The climate of Sahiwal district is extreme, reaching 45 C in summer, and down to
-2 C in winter. The soil of the district is very fertile. The average rainfall is
about 200 mm.[9]....

Twin city[edit]
Sahiwal is twinned with the town of Rochdale, in Greater Manchester, North West
England. Approximately eight per cent of town's population is of Asian origin, most
of whom have links with Pakistan. The twinning arrangement was agreed between
Rochdale and Sahiwal in 1998.[10][11] There is a direction sign in Rochdale's town
centre pointing in Sahiwal's direction with "Sahiwal 3960 miles" written on it.
[citation needed]

Sahiwal Dairy Cattle Breed[edit]

The Sahiwal Cattle breed is the best dairy breed of zebu or humped cattle (Bos
Indicus), followed by the very similar Red Sindhi and Butana breeds. It originated
in the dry Punjab region which lies along the Indian-Pakistani Border, and was once
kept in large herds by professional herdsmen called "Jaanglees". With the
introduction of irrigation to the region their numbers dropped, and farmers used
them as draft and dairy animals. The Division Sahiwal has one of the best dairy
breeds in India and Pakistan. It is thick-resistant, heat-tolerant and resistant to
parasites, both internal and external. Cows average 2270 kilograms of milk while
suckling a calf and much higher milk yields have been recorded. Due to their heat
tolerance and high milk production they have been exported to other Asian
countries, Africa, Caribbean and around the world. As oxen, they are docile but
slow, making them more useful for slow work. Their colour can range from reddish
brown to red, with varying amounts of white on the neck, and the underline. In
males, the colour darkens towards the extremities, such as the head, legs and
tails. Sahiwal breed arrived in Australia via New Guinea in the early 1950s. In
Australia, the Sahiwal breed was initially selected as a dual-purpose breed. It
played a valuable role in the development of the two Australian tropical dairy
breeds, the Australian milking zebu and the Australian Fresian Sahiwal. Sahiwal
breeds are now used in Australia for beef production, as crossing high-grade
Sahiwal sires with Bos taurus animals produced a carcass of lean quality with
desirable fat cover.

The Sahiwal breed is the heaviest milker of all zebu breeds and displays a well-
developed udder. It sires small, fast-growing calves and is noted for its hardiness
under unfavourable climatic conditions.

Agriculture[edit]
Agriculture is important to the local economy, particularly the growing of cotton
and grain exported all over Pakistan and around the world. Cattle and sheep are
also for which the division is famous for Water Buffalo milk all over the world.
One of the ancient civilization on archaeological evidence dated 3000 to 5000 B.C.
15 miles (24 km) southwest from downtown in suburb of Harapa which was the northern
city of Indus Valley Civilization.

Industry[edit]
Sahiwal's industries include cotton ginning and pressing, tanning, textile (City
cloth palace, City Fashion Center), textile spinning, weaving, leather products,
garments, pharmaceuticals, flour mills, food processing, oil mills, cold storage,
potato, tobacco, vegetable ghee/cooking oil, biscuits, chip board, confectionery,
and woolen textile spinning and weaving. The Sahiwal breed of cattle, recognised as
productive among Zebu dairy breeds, originated here; they are now found throughout
the tropics. The main crops of the Sahiwal district are wheat, cotton, sugarcane,
maize and rice. Main fruits are citrus, mangoes and guava. Sahiwal is a green and
fertile town with 11,522 acres (46.63 km2) under naturally grown forests. KSC is an
electrical industry in Sahiwal, producing water heaters, water coolers, air
coolers, fans and washing machines.

Notable people from Sahiwal[edit]

Abdul Latif Khalid Cheema
Agha Bashir Ahmed, social activist and cricket administrator
Majeed Amjad, Urdu poet
Mushtaq Ahmed, former test cricketer
Manzoor Elahi, former test cricketer
Tariq Aziz, television anchor
Attash Durrani, Urdu writer and Scholar
Rana Mohammad Hanif Khan, politician and former Finance Minister of Pakistan
Kunwar Mohinder Singh Bedi Sahar, Urdu Poet
Nouraiz Shakoor, politician and former Federal minister
Sain Zahoor, Sufi musician
Munir Niazi, Urdu Poet
Nazir Naji journalist and Urdu columnist for the Daily Dunya
Emmanuel Neno, Christian author and translator
Dildar Pervaiz Bhatti, (TV artist, compere, comedian, anchor)
Brigadier Kuldip Singh Chandpuri, MVC, VSM, Indian Army Officer
See also[edit]
flag Pakistan portal
image Punjab portal
Zafar Ali Stadium
University of Sahiwal
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "Table 209". Punjab Development Statistics 2016 (PDF). Bureau
of Statistics, Government of The Punjab. p. 335(340). Retrieved 28 May 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b The New Encyclopdia Britannica: Micropdia. Encyclopdia
Britannica. 1991. ISBN 978-0-85229-529-8. Retrieved 18 July 2011.
Jump up ^ A history by Sahiwal Police
Jump up ^ Agricultural Research Council (Pakistan) (1 January 1980). Pakistan
journal of agricultural research. Pakistan Agricultural Research Council. Retrieved
18 July 2011.
Jump up ^ Nazli, Caesar B. Cororaton, Abdul Salam, Zafar Altaf, David Orden and
Reno Dewina, Nicholas Minot, Hina. Cotton-Textile-Apparel Sectors of Pakistan:
Situations and Challenges Faced. Intl Food Policy Res Inst. p. 47.
GGKEY:1W7L1FH7N4N. Retrieved 18 July 2011.
Jump up ^ Cotton handbook of Pakistan. Pakistan Central Cotton Committee. 1983. p.
217. Retrieved 18 July 2011.
Jump up ^ "Montgomery District, Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 17, p. 410.,
18601922". Dsal.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2013-02-18.
Jump up ^ "Montgomery District Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 17, p. 411".
Dsal.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2013-02-18.
Jump up ^ ":Govt. Post Graduate College Sahiwal:". Gpgcs.edu.pk. Retrieved 2013-02-
18.
Jump up ^ "Punjab Assembly". Pap.gov.pk. Retrieved 2010-03-24.
Jump up ^ "Town twinning". rochdale.gov.uk. Archived from the original on 29
October 2007. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
External links[edit]
Official website
[hide] v t e
Neighbourhoods of Sahiwal
Administrations: Sahiwal Division and Sahiwal District
Tehsils
Chichawatni Sahiwal

Cities
Chichawatni Harappa Sahiwal (capital)
Towns and councils
ChandPur Chak No. 42/12.L Agra Asghari Chak 17/14L Ghaziabad Gulistan Iqbal Nagar
Kassowal Nai-Abadi Pahri Qasimabad Sikhanwala Tariq-bin-Ziad Colony Tirathpur
Villages
Chak no. 24/11-L 26/11-L Addepur Bashera Chak 44/12.L Chak 86/6.R Sahiwal Chak No.
110/7R Chak no. 116/12.L Kassowal Chak No. 42/12.L Charat Singhwala Mirbaz
Website: Sahiwal District at NRB
Categories: Populated places in Sahiwal DistrictSahiwal District
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