Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
Site Layout
Site Layout and Temporary works, verification of boundaries
Site information board, Emergency telephone numbers
Fencing, hoarding for the protection of the general public to act as sound and
dust screens and to aid security arrangements at the site,
Adjacent Buildings
The Site Office and Access
The site office would provide space for administration and for staff welfare.
Facilities for first aid and fire fighting equipment, with trained personnel.
Proper access for the delivery of materials, the heaviest and most frequent
deliveries could be ready mixed concrete or aggregate and cement if concrete is
to be produced at the site.
Site Services
The diversion of services such as sewer lines, water, gas, power,
telephone and drainage lines.
Obtaining temporary power, water telephone etc. Disturbance to
neighbors etc must be minimized. Determination of manholes to connect
up temporary toilet effluent etc.
Site Yard
Locating yards for rebar bending ,
Yard for the fabrication of formwork
Site welding & fabrication
Site maintenance workshop for repairs, servicing
Setting up site batching plants etc
Location for a tower crane.
Access and manuverability for any mobile crane
Scaffolding
Site Storage
Bulk materials and storage of materials vulnerable on exposure to elements of
nature
Timber should be stored under cover and should be stacked such that there is
adequate air flow
Safety equipment : fire extinguishers, first aid box, safety helmets, safety eye
protection, ear muffs, coveralls, eyebath,
Clearing the site : hand axe, long handle chopping blade, wheel barrows,
Setting out: Theodoloite/level instrument, steel tapes, wire nails, hammer,
pegs, nylon rope, knife, timber stakes and red and white marking tape. Plumb
bob and line, set square, spirit levels.
Rebar and steelwork : Bar benders, bar cutters, welding plant, angle grinders,
files, oxy acetylene flame, hack saws, binding wire, cover blocks, chairs
Plumbing : blow torch, Sand paper, PVC adhesive, Teflon thread seal tape,
monkey wrench, hack saw pipe vices,
The Site Organization Chart
The site organization chart shows the hierarchy of the site staff and shows
the relationships between the site staff.
Each person in the chain of command should have only one direct
supervisor to whom he is accountable. (Unity of command )
.
Regulations, Procedures & Work Instructions
For instance the worksite procedures pertaining to safety may require that
each supervisor/foreman conducts a daily safety briefing with their workmen
prior to commencing work.
This safety briefing will discuss the possible hazards that will have to be
faced during the course of the work and the steps to be taken to safeguard
against these hazards.
The set of regulations will specify the disciplinary measures that will be
enforced in the event of non compliance with the procedures
Communication
Communication within members of the site organization and with all external
parties associated with the project is an important aspect in construction
management.
Communication can take place via different media such as vocal media,
paper telephone etc.
Decision Making
Managing construction work will require a number of decisions to be
taken throughout the construction phase.
The type and the nature of decisions will be different at different levels of
the organizational structure.
For example the decision making that will confront the project engineer will be
different to the decisions that will have to be taken by the plant and equipment
foreman.
General Manager
QS & Estimation
HSE & QA Construction Mgr Finance & Admin Info. Sys. Officer
Dept
Procurement &
Personnel Finance & Accounts
Stores
Proj. Mgr. 1
Eng. Support
Services
Proj. Mgr. 2
One of the main areas for discussion will be the sharing of resources such
that it will give the best benefit for the project.
A typical agenda for a site meeting
Control measures are necessary to ensure that the project objectives are
realised throughout the construction phase.
Once every officer is aware of these targets then they would be expected
to perform to these targets.
Controlling would involve the periodic and systematic assessment of
performance against the set targets.
Planning is essential for all projects no matter how small they are.
Project scheduling will enable the various resources such as finance, materials,
equipment and personnel to be optimally deployed within the planned time
framework.
Scheduling will integrate the estimated durations of all the activities and
highlight the critical activities.
2) Breakdown the Job into small tasks. (These are called activities).
3) Select the most appropriate method of doing each task (Activity). And
allocate the most likely time that the activity will require for completion.
4) Define the precedence relation between tasks. For each task you ask the
question which task must be completed before this task can start? The word
must is used for physical or dependence logic such as the roof can not start
unless the walls or columns under it are completed.
The Bar Chart/ Gantt Chart
A bar chart or Gantt chart is the most common scheduling tool used for the
planning of a project.
The time durations for each of the activities are then estimated together
with the resources required to complete the activities.
Estimate durations
Draw bars (activities) on the time scale in the appropriate order that they
will be carried and on the basis of their earliest starts.
From these short term plans the tasks necessary to complete the activities are
delegated appropriately to each member of the site organization
For the proper execution of the work it is imperative that each person in the site
organization is made aware of his exact tasks.
To fulfill his tasks the requisite resources should be made available and he should
be delegated with the authority necessary to execute the work.
Hierarchy of Plans
Work plans will have hierarchies. This means that every work group understands
its specific goals. Achieving this will depend on how well the objectives and
goals have been defined and delegated.
For instance the project engineer will have to plan for the proper execution of the
entire project.
The plant and equipment foreman will concentrate mainly on the planning in
relation to plant requirements, maintenance and deployment as well as arranging
for competent operators.
The site safety officer will concentrate on safety planning for the entire project.
Delegation of work activities
Once the work activities have been identified responsibilities in executing the
work is delegated based on the organization chart.
A listing of all the materials required for a project has to be ascertained and
scheduled during the planning stages of the project.
Procurement orders should be placed such that there is adequate time for
the materials to be supplied to the worksite for incorporation in the work.
Similarly materials should not be ordered very much ahead so that they will
just be taking up storage space and also lead to possibilities of spoilage and
wastage.
Maintaining Records
It is good practice to request each site officer to maintain a diary in which the
daily activities are recorded.
This will enable a review of the daily activities to be made and if it so requires
a proper record initiated.
Quality Assurance
Most contracts may require a quality plan to be made by the contractor prior to
the commencement of the construction work.
The purpose of the quality plan is to ensure that the work is carried out in
accordance to the work specifications.
The quality plan will incorporate procedures to ensure that the materials and
workmanship conforms to the requirements
Setting out is the process of developing the physical positions of the grid lines
and corners of a building and is done by transferring dimensions form the
layout plan to the ground.
The setting out clearly defines the center lines, excavation outlines and enables
construction to be carried out according to the plans
During the design process when drawings are prepared a plan providing the
setting out details is prepared.