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Objective
Describe the interaction between poles of
magnets
N: North pole
S: South pole
+ -
But this is misleading!
X X X Y
Y Y Y X
U U D D
D D U U
X Y
N S N S
S N S N
A. B. C. D.
PHYSICS 72 ONGLAO AY 17-18 1ST SEM
27-1
Magnetism
Seatwork:
Three bar magnets are arranged in a stable configuration as shown in A.
The polarities V, W, X, and Y are unknown. N (S) indicates North
(South). Which among configurations I to III is/are stable?
Objectives
Differentiate electric interactions from
magnetic interactions
Determine the net force on a moving
point charge in the presence of both
magnetic and electric fields
Electric Interactions
1. A distribution of electric charge at rest creates an electric field
in the surrounding space.
2. The electric field exerts a force = on any other charge
that is present in the field.
Magnetic Interactions
1. A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the
surrounding space (in addition to its electric field).
SI Unit of B:
1 (N s)/(C m) = 1 T (Tesla)
1 T = 1 N/(A m)
In what direction will the
particle be deflected?
In what direction will the
particle be deflected?
X X X X X
+ X X X X X
X X X X X
In what direction will the
particle be deflected? X X X X X
X X X X X
- X X X X X
X X X X X
In what direction will the
particle be deflected? X X X X X
Solution:
= sin
= = 9.47 106 m/s
sin
Magnetic Electric
force force
Solution:
=
a) = 1.24 108 3.85 104 1.4
= 6.7 104 ()N
b) = 1.24 108 1.4 4.19 104 + (3.85
A.
+, +
B.
+,
C.
,
D.
E.
PHYSICS 72 ONGLAO AY 17-18 1ST SEM
27-2
Magnetic Field
Exercise:
A proton is placed in a region of uniform electric
() and magnetic fields (+).
What are the
components of the net force acting on the proton
when it is at rest?
A.
+, +
B.
+,
C.
,
D.
E.
PHYSICS 72 ONGLAO AY 17-18 1ST SEM
Chapter 27
Magnetic Field and
Magnetic Forces
27-1 MAGNETISM
27-2 MAGNETIC FIELD
27-3 MAGNETIC FIELD LINES
AND MAGNETIC FLUX
27-4 MOTION OF CHARGED
PARTICLES IN A MAGNETIC
FIELD
27-6 MAGNETIC FORCE ON A
CURRENT-CARRYING
CONDUCTOR
27-7 FORCE AND TORQUE ON A
CURRENT LOOP
Objectives
Given the magnetic field lines, deduce the
magnetic field vector and the magnetic
force on a moving charged particle
Argue why the magnetic flux on a closed
surface is zero
Evaluate the total magnetic flux through
an open surface
Example:
Which of the following figures may illustrate magnetic field
lines?
Answer: I and II
PHYSICS 72 ONGLAO AY 17-18 1ST SEM
27-3 Magnetic Field lines and Magnetic Flux
Example:
The figure shows magnetic field lines produced by
a moving charge Y . A positive charge X is moving
into the page. What is the direction of the magnetic
force felt by X at the instant it is beside Y?
Hint:
Magnetic Flux
number of magnetic field lines crossing a surface
Magnetic Flux
Magnetic Flux thru an open surface
If is uniform, then
Magnetic Flux
Magnetic Flux thru an open surface
Example:
A square with side of length 2m is perpendicular to
a magnetic field of strength 10T. If the square is
rotated such that the area vector A makes an
angle of 60 with the magnetic field B, what is the
change in magnetic flux through the square?
Answer:
=
=
= cos
= cos60 cos0
1
= 10 22
2
= 20Tm2
PHYSICS 72 ONGLAO AY 17-18 1ST SEM
27-3 Magnetic Field lines and Magnetic Flux
spherical Gaussian
surface
Example:
The magnetic flux through one face of a
cube is +0.120 Wb. What must the total
magnetic flux through the other five faces of
the cube be?
Hint:
Answer: - 0.120 Wb
PHYSICS 72 ONGLAO AY 17-18 1ST SEM
27-3 Magnetic Field lines and Magnetic Flux
Example:
The magnetic flux through all the triangular
faces of a pyramid due to a wire carrying a
current is 4 where is the area of one
triangular face. What is the magnetic flux
through the square base?
Example:
Which of the following is TRUE about the magnetic flux
through the imaginary closed surfaces whose cross-
sections are shown in the figure?
A. A > B > C
B. B > A > C
C. A = B = C
D. A = B < C
E. A = B > C
Quiz:
The magnetic flux through all the triangular
faces of a pyramid due to a wire carrying a
current is 4 where is the area of one
triangular face. What is the magnetic flux
through the square base?
Answer: - 4aB
Quiz:
Which of the following is TRUE about the magnetic flux
through the imaginary closed surfaces whose cross-
sections are shown in the figure?
A. A > B > C
B. B > A > C
C. A = B = C
D. A = B < C
E. A = B > C
Objective
Describe the motion of a charged particle
in a magnetic field in terms of its speed,
acceleration, cyclotron radius, cyclotron
frequency and kinetic energy
Angular speed
Cyclotron frequency f
Angular speed
Cyclotron frequency f
Example:
A positive charge with mass enters a uniform magnetic
with a velocity = + .
field = Find the following
properties of the charges resulting trajectory.
Example:
An electron with initial velocity = 0 enters a region with uniform electric
and magnetic fields given by = 0 and = 0, respectively. Which of
the following best describes the approximate trajectory of the electron?
Note: 0, 0, and 0 > 0.
Answer:
causes electron to speed up towards z.
causes circular motion. Combined, we get
PHYSICS 72 ONGLAO AY 17-18 1ST SEM helical towards z.
27-4 Motion of Charged Particles in a Magnetic Field
Example:
Three particles of identical speeds and charges,
immersed in a uniform magnetic field that is
directed out of the page, follow the paths shown.
Which of the following particles is/are negative?
Answer: a, c
Via right hand rule.
PHYSICS 72 ONGLAO AY 17-18 1ST SEM
27-4 Motion of Charged Particles in a Magnetic Field
Example:
An electron at point A has a speed of 1.41 106 m/s.
Find (a) the magnitude and direction of the magnetic field
that will cause the electron to follow the semicircular path
from A to B, and (b) the time required for the electron to
move from A to B.
Answer:
2
a) = ; = =
9.111031 1.41106
1 = 1.61 104 T
1.61019 (210102 )
Direction via right hand rule: Into the page.
1 2 1
b) = 2 = 2
= 2 2
= 1.11 107 s