JCR-VIS Credit Rating Co.

Ltd
INTRODUCTION:
JCR-VIS Credit Rating Co. Ltd. (JCR-VIS), approved by Securities & Exchange Commission of
Pakistan and State Bank of Pakistan, is operating as a Full Service rating agency providing
independent rating services in Pakistan. JCR-VIS is a joint venture between Japan Credit Rating
Agency, Ltd. (JCR) - Japan's premier rating agency, Vital Information Services (Pvt.) Limited
(VIS) Pakistans only independent financial research organization, Karachi Stock Exchange and
Islamabad Stock Exchange.
In January 2001 JCR and VIS entered into a Joint Venture Agreement whereby JCR acquired 15%
share in DCR-VIS Credit Rating Co. Ltd. of Pakistan. As a result of this agreement, the name of
the company changed from DCR-VIS Credit Rating Co. Ltd. to JCR-VIS Credit Rating Co. Ltd.
(JCR-VIS). The DCR-VIS Credit Rating Co. Ltd. was incorporated in 1997 as a joint venture
between VIS, Pakistan Stock Exchange Limited (PSX), ISE Towers RIET Management Company
Ltd (ISE) and Duff & Phelps Credit Rating Co. (DCR). Subsequent to DCRs merger with Fitch
IBCA, DCR sold its interests in DCR-VIS to VIS.

CRITERIA:
CRITERIA FOR RATING WATCH:
JCR-VIS places entities and issues on Rating Watch when it deems that there are conditions
present that necessitate re-evaluation of the assigned rating(s). A Rating Watch announcement
means that the status of the assigned rating(s) is uncertain and an event or deviation from an
expected trend has occurred or is expected and additional information is necessary to take any
rating action. JCR-VIS also designates direction Positive, Negative or Developing, to ratings
placed under Rating Watch. This shows JCR-VISs opinion regarding the likely direction of a
rating placed under the Rating Watch status; this however does not bind JCR-VIS in any way to
make a similar change once ratings are taken out of the Rating Watch status. Developments in
factors other than those that necessitated the Rating Watch may result in a rating change, while
the rating(s) continues to be under Rating Watch.
CRITERIA FOR RATING OUTLOOK:
The three outlooks Positive, Stable and Negative qualify the potential direction of the
assigned rating(s). An outlook is an assessment of the long term trend of the rating direction based
on certain plans or events within or outside the business environment of the issuer/issue which
may be in the process of unfolding. An outlook is not necessarily a precursor of a rating change.
JCR-VIS RATING CATEGORIES:
MEDIUM TO LONG TERM:
AAA: Highest credit quality; the risk factors are negligible, being only slightly more than for risk-
free Government of Pakistans debt.
AA+, AA, AA. High credit quality; Protection factors are strong. Risk is modest but may vary
slightly from time to time because of economic conditions.
A+, A, A. Good credit quality; Protection factors are adequate. Risk factors may vary with
possible changes in the economy.
BBB+, BBB, BBB. Adequate credit quality; Protection factors are reasonable and sufficient. Risk
factors are considered variable if changes occur in the economy.
BB+, BB, BB. Obligations deemed likely to be met. Protection factors are capable of weakening
if changes occur in the economy. Overall quality may move up or down frequently within this
category.
B+, B, B-. Obligations deemed less likely to be met. Protection factors are capable of fluctuating
widely if changes occur in the economy. Overall quality may move up or down frequently within
this category or into higher or lower rating grade.
CCC. Considerable uncertainty exists towards meeting the obligations. Protection factors are
scarce and risk may be substantial.
CC: A high default risk
C: A very high default risk
D: Defaulted obligation

Short-Term
A-1+: Highest certainty of timely payment; Short-term liquidity, including internal operating
factors and /or access to alternative sources of funds, is outstanding and safety is just below risk-
free Government of Pakistans short-term obligations.
A-1: High certainty of timely payment; Liquidity factors are excellent and supported by good
fundamental protection factors. Risk factors are minor.
A-2: Good certainty of timely payment. Liquidity factors and company fundamentals are sound.
Access to capital markets is good. Risk factors are small.
A-3: Satisfactory liquidity and other protection factors qualify entities / issues as to investment
grade. Risk factors are larger and subject to more variation. Nevertheless, timely payment is
expected.
B: Speculative investment characteristics; Liquidity may not be sufficient to ensure timely
payment of obligations.
C: Capacity for timely payment of obligations is doubtful.